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Developing ROS 2 professional applications based on MCUs
ROS Industrial 9th December 2021
Maria Merlan (Product Marketing @ eProsima)
Overview and Mission
(XRCE) eXtremely
Resource-Constrained
Environments
Lack of common
standard dev
framework and OS
Embedded world:
Networks of μCs
and larger processors
micro-ROS bridges this gap for ROS 2
Why micro-ROS?
A solution for creating ROS 2 nodes into embedded
devices
● Accelerator of application development via
allowing the combination of CPUs and μC within
any robotic system
● Enabler of affordable deployments (IoT, robotics,
autonomous driving ,...)
AGENDA micro-ROS latest enhancements
02
micro-ROS addressing MCUs
legacy challenges SW DEV 01
ROS 2 Impact & Acceleration
03
Title
Addressing MCUs legacy challenges SW DEV
Memory limitations
and real time
middleware
Component
heterogeneity
Lack of SW dev cycle
coverage IDE
Dynamic memory free
& Deterministic API
Full portability Build systems
6
Architecture
Real-Time OS
Additional
drivers, …
POSIX
Micro XRCE-DDS Client
ROS Middleware Interface (rmw)
+ Additional abstractions
micro-ROS
Agent
microcontroller
C API
rcl
C++ API
(rclcpp) Convenience
functions,
deterministic
execution, …
Application
component
Application
component …
rclc
:
Linux, Mac OS, Windows
DDS Implementation [Fast DDS, ..]
ROS Middleware Interface (rmw)
microprocessor
C API
rcl
C++ API
(rclcpp)
Application
component
Application
component …
Python API
(rclpy)
Apps
ROS
Client Library
ROS MW
Interface
Operating
Systems
Hardware
XRCE-DD
S
DDS
micro-ROS
ROS 2
Middleware architecture
Micro XRCE-DDS
● Wire-protocol over Client-Server architecture
XRCE Client on low-resource consumption devices
XRCE Agent entity connected with DDS global data space that acts
on behalf of Clients
● Client fully static and dynamic memory free
75 KB of Flash memory and 3 KB of RAM
● Real-Time and Deterministic - critical applications
● Transport-agnostic, customized by the user
Built-in support for serial transports, TCP, UDP over Ethernet,
Wi-Fi, and 6LoWPAN, and Bluetooth
DDS world
Memory optimization
● Implemented using Micro XRCE-DDS
middleware in lower layers
● Allows smart configuration of memory
resources (micro-ROS)
○ Static configuration
○ Parameter level Max Nodes
Node name max length
Topic name max length
Type name max length
Max History
Max Publishers
Max Subscriptions
Max Clients
Max Services
Max Topics
micro-ROS configurable parameters
FULL PORTABILITY
Any RTOS and Bare metal Library Generator!
Any low-mid range MCU!
Typical features:
~ 150 KB of flash memory
> 25 KB of RAM memory
General purpose input/output pins
Peripherals: GPIO, USB, Ethernet, SPI, UART,
I2C, CAN, etc
Mbed RTOS 6.8 / 6.9 / 6.10
FreeRTOS
NuttX 10.0 / 10.1
Zephyr RTOS 2.4 / 2.5
REFERENCE HW
Check full list of supported HW & RTOS
https://micro.ros.org/docs/overview/hardware/
REFERENCE RTOS
Azure RTOS ThreadX
Renesas RA6M5
Arduino
Raspberry Pi Pico
Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect 1st Arduino with
Raspberry Pi silicon
ESP-IDF v4.3 & ESP32-S2/C3
Teensy 3.2 / 3.5 / 4.1 / 4.2
OpenCR support
STM32CubeMX & STM32CubeIDE
Crazyflie 2.1 drone, ...
Build systems
$ git clone github.com/micro-ROS/micro_ros_setup.git
$ colcon build
$ ros2 run micro_ros_setup
↳ create_firmware_ws.sh [RTOS] [MCU]
↳ configure_firmware.sh [MY_APP] -t [TRANSPORT]
↳ build_firmware.sh
↳ flash_firmware.sh
$ ros2 run micro_ros_setup
↳ create_agent_ws.sh
↳ build_agent.sh
↳ micro_ros_agent [TRANSPORT]
For your ROS tooling For your favorite tool
Renesas e2 studio (1st IDE industry endorsed)
STM32CubeMX/IDE
Arduino
ESP32 IDF
Zephyr
RasPi Pico SDK
AGENDA micro-ROS latest enhancements
02
micro-ROS addressing MCUs
legacy challenges SW DEV 01
ROS 2 Impact & Acceleration
03
Title
Major latest enhancements
Community Professional Future lines
CI & bugs fixing
ROS 2 full featured, RTEMS
support,
Demos, Tutorials, ...
Close to market solutions
CAN/FD transport, Renesas
RA family professional
boards
micro-ROS & DDS MW
MCUs (mid-high range)
trend allows more complex
solutions
13
Hardware support: RasPi Pico • Teensy • Renesas RA Family
RTOS: bare metal (Arduino) • Mbed OS • Azure RTOS ThreadX • RTEMS
Middleware: static memory pools • thread-safety • embedded RTPS
RMW beta support
Client library: diagnostics • executor • parameters • node lifecycle •
ROS graph • services • actions
micro-ROS fully supports ROS 2 features
Ramping up towards professional applications
NEW micro-ROS RMW beta embedded RTPS
micro-ROS
MC
U
ROS 2
MCUs
CPUs
Middleware
RMW/RCLC
pub/sub & services & parameters &
actions
RMW/RCLC
pub/sub & services
Embedded RTPS
Target mid-high MCU (RAM>200 KB, Flash> 1MB)
RTPS wire protocol middleware
P2P approach: first class RTPS entities
Memory constrained
C++ required
Potentially Deterministic & RT
Community endorsed
Micro XRCE-DDS
Target low-mid MCU (RAM > 32 KB, Flash > 200 KB)
Low level wire protocol for custom transports
Client-Agent approach: proxy dependant
Memory constrained
C99 support
Deterministic & RT
Industry endorsed
MCUs CPUs
AGENDA micro-ROS latest enhancements
02
micro-ROS addressing MCUs
legacy challenges SW DEV 01
ROS 2 Impact & Acceleration
03
Impact & Acceleration
IMPACT ACCELERATION
● Enhanced ROS 2
● Widening scenarios to use ROS 2
● Evolving robotics to multisensor
networks and edge-robotics
● Overcoming the challenges for adopting
critical systems
● Integrated in the cutting-edge tools for
embedded development
● Call-to-action
● Accelerator of new applications based on
MCUs
● Reducing the time-to-market
● First industrial endorsed IDE e2studio build
system
● Emerging commercial solutions based on
MCUS and CPUS
○ Service robot for Logistics
○ Defense & Security
○ Agriculture and Healthcare
micro-ROS important links
micro-ROS webpage Advanced Tutorials with examples
micro-ROS github Articles
Features Demo videos
SW and HW support ROS 2 EWG
Maria Merlan (Product Marketing @ eProsima)
mariamerlan@eprosima.com

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micro-ROS: Developing ROS 2 professional applications based on MCUs

  • 1. Developing ROS 2 professional applications based on MCUs ROS Industrial 9th December 2021 Maria Merlan (Product Marketing @ eProsima)
  • 2. Overview and Mission (XRCE) eXtremely Resource-Constrained Environments Lack of common standard dev framework and OS Embedded world: Networks of μCs and larger processors micro-ROS bridges this gap for ROS 2
  • 3. Why micro-ROS? A solution for creating ROS 2 nodes into embedded devices ● Accelerator of application development via allowing the combination of CPUs and μC within any robotic system ● Enabler of affordable deployments (IoT, robotics, autonomous driving ,...)
  • 4. AGENDA micro-ROS latest enhancements 02 micro-ROS addressing MCUs legacy challenges SW DEV 01 ROS 2 Impact & Acceleration 03
  • 5. Title Addressing MCUs legacy challenges SW DEV Memory limitations and real time middleware Component heterogeneity Lack of SW dev cycle coverage IDE Dynamic memory free & Deterministic API Full portability Build systems
  • 6. 6 Architecture Real-Time OS Additional drivers, … POSIX Micro XRCE-DDS Client ROS Middleware Interface (rmw) + Additional abstractions micro-ROS Agent microcontroller C API rcl C++ API (rclcpp) Convenience functions, deterministic execution, … Application component Application component … rclc : Linux, Mac OS, Windows DDS Implementation [Fast DDS, ..] ROS Middleware Interface (rmw) microprocessor C API rcl C++ API (rclcpp) Application component Application component … Python API (rclpy) Apps ROS Client Library ROS MW Interface Operating Systems Hardware XRCE-DD S DDS micro-ROS ROS 2
  • 7. Middleware architecture Micro XRCE-DDS ● Wire-protocol over Client-Server architecture XRCE Client on low-resource consumption devices XRCE Agent entity connected with DDS global data space that acts on behalf of Clients ● Client fully static and dynamic memory free 75 KB of Flash memory and 3 KB of RAM ● Real-Time and Deterministic - critical applications ● Transport-agnostic, customized by the user Built-in support for serial transports, TCP, UDP over Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and 6LoWPAN, and Bluetooth DDS world
  • 8. Memory optimization ● Implemented using Micro XRCE-DDS middleware in lower layers ● Allows smart configuration of memory resources (micro-ROS) ○ Static configuration ○ Parameter level Max Nodes Node name max length Topic name max length Type name max length Max History Max Publishers Max Subscriptions Max Clients Max Services Max Topics micro-ROS configurable parameters
  • 9. FULL PORTABILITY Any RTOS and Bare metal Library Generator! Any low-mid range MCU! Typical features: ~ 150 KB of flash memory > 25 KB of RAM memory General purpose input/output pins Peripherals: GPIO, USB, Ethernet, SPI, UART, I2C, CAN, etc Mbed RTOS 6.8 / 6.9 / 6.10 FreeRTOS NuttX 10.0 / 10.1 Zephyr RTOS 2.4 / 2.5 REFERENCE HW Check full list of supported HW & RTOS https://micro.ros.org/docs/overview/hardware/ REFERENCE RTOS Azure RTOS ThreadX Renesas RA6M5 Arduino Raspberry Pi Pico Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect 1st Arduino with Raspberry Pi silicon ESP-IDF v4.3 & ESP32-S2/C3 Teensy 3.2 / 3.5 / 4.1 / 4.2 OpenCR support STM32CubeMX & STM32CubeIDE Crazyflie 2.1 drone, ...
  • 10. Build systems $ git clone github.com/micro-ROS/micro_ros_setup.git $ colcon build $ ros2 run micro_ros_setup ↳ create_firmware_ws.sh [RTOS] [MCU] ↳ configure_firmware.sh [MY_APP] -t [TRANSPORT] ↳ build_firmware.sh ↳ flash_firmware.sh $ ros2 run micro_ros_setup ↳ create_agent_ws.sh ↳ build_agent.sh ↳ micro_ros_agent [TRANSPORT] For your ROS tooling For your favorite tool Renesas e2 studio (1st IDE industry endorsed) STM32CubeMX/IDE Arduino ESP32 IDF Zephyr RasPi Pico SDK
  • 11. AGENDA micro-ROS latest enhancements 02 micro-ROS addressing MCUs legacy challenges SW DEV 01 ROS 2 Impact & Acceleration 03
  • 12. Title Major latest enhancements Community Professional Future lines CI & bugs fixing ROS 2 full featured, RTEMS support, Demos, Tutorials, ... Close to market solutions CAN/FD transport, Renesas RA family professional boards micro-ROS & DDS MW MCUs (mid-high range) trend allows more complex solutions
  • 13. 13 Hardware support: RasPi Pico • Teensy • Renesas RA Family RTOS: bare metal (Arduino) • Mbed OS • Azure RTOS ThreadX • RTEMS Middleware: static memory pools • thread-safety • embedded RTPS RMW beta support Client library: diagnostics • executor • parameters • node lifecycle • ROS graph • services • actions micro-ROS fully supports ROS 2 features Ramping up towards professional applications
  • 14. NEW micro-ROS RMW beta embedded RTPS micro-ROS MC U ROS 2 MCUs CPUs Middleware RMW/RCLC pub/sub & services & parameters & actions RMW/RCLC pub/sub & services Embedded RTPS Target mid-high MCU (RAM>200 KB, Flash> 1MB) RTPS wire protocol middleware P2P approach: first class RTPS entities Memory constrained C++ required Potentially Deterministic & RT Community endorsed Micro XRCE-DDS Target low-mid MCU (RAM > 32 KB, Flash > 200 KB) Low level wire protocol for custom transports Client-Agent approach: proxy dependant Memory constrained C99 support Deterministic & RT Industry endorsed MCUs CPUs
  • 15. AGENDA micro-ROS latest enhancements 02 micro-ROS addressing MCUs legacy challenges SW DEV 01 ROS 2 Impact & Acceleration 03
  • 16. Impact & Acceleration IMPACT ACCELERATION ● Enhanced ROS 2 ● Widening scenarios to use ROS 2 ● Evolving robotics to multisensor networks and edge-robotics ● Overcoming the challenges for adopting critical systems ● Integrated in the cutting-edge tools for embedded development ● Call-to-action ● Accelerator of new applications based on MCUs ● Reducing the time-to-market ● First industrial endorsed IDE e2studio build system ● Emerging commercial solutions based on MCUS and CPUS ○ Service robot for Logistics ○ Defense & Security ○ Agriculture and Healthcare
  • 17. micro-ROS important links micro-ROS webpage Advanced Tutorials with examples micro-ROS github Articles Features Demo videos SW and HW support ROS 2 EWG Maria Merlan (Product Marketing @ eProsima) mariamerlan@eprosima.com