ppt

1. MICROBIAL BASED
PHARMACUTICAL
PRODUCTS
K.SUBASRI
18MBTA19
II M.Sc INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
BHARATHIYAR UNIVERSITY

2. INTRODUCTION
 Microbial based pharmaceutical products.
 Antibiotics
 Vitamins
 Probiotics

3. ANTIBIOTICS
 Chemical compound acting against life(kill or
inhibit the growth of other organism).
 Low molecular weight.
 Produced micro organism.
 Fermentation.
 pencilin
 streptomycin
 tetracycline

5. PENICILIN
 Penicillium chrysogenum
 Secondary metabolites.
 Most widely used antibiotics

6. How its works?
O β-Lactam of penicillin.
O Enzyme.
O peptidoglycan cross linking.
O enzyme is inhibited cross linking.
O Cell wall weakened osmotic imbalance in the
cell. This leads to cell death.

7. How its works?

9. O UPSTREAM- before fermentor process.
Sterilization,seed culture.
O DOWNSTREAM- after fermentor process.
extraction ,purification , product.

10. Mediumforpenicillin
1. MgSO4,
2. K3PO4 and
3. sodium nitrates.
Heat sterilization
121°C at 30 psi or twice the atm.
Sterilization machine

11. Fermentation
 rotation speed of around 200 rpm.
Fermentors

12. Seed Culture
 liquid medium.
 grown.
 inoculated into the fermenter.
 Aerated & agitated.
 fed-batch style.
 Maintain parameter.
pH,
temperature ,
stirrer speed and
dissolved oxygen concentration,

13. Removalofbiomass
Filtration
removing impurities
Rotary vacuum filter - large scale
Introduced-
phosphoric acid,
non-oxidising (8.0 to 6.5 pH )
to prevent loss of activity of penicillin.
Rotary vacuum filter
Addition of solvent
amyl acetate / butyl acetate

14. Centrifugal Extraction
 Disk centrifuge.
 extraction.
 downstream process .
Extraction
 sodium bicarbonate
 phosphate buffer,
 chloroform solution
Batch extraction unit Basket Centrifuge

15. Fluidbeddrying
 remove moisture
 hot gas is pumped
 powdered salt
 vacuum chamber.
 Drier penicillin.
Powdered penicillinbeing
blown by hot air
Fluid bed drying tube

16. Storage
dried environment.
Variety of penicillins
semi-synthetic penicillins,
Penicillin V,
Penicillin O,
ampicillin and
amoxycillin
The White Penicillin-Sodium salt

17. STREPTOMYCIN
 Streptomyces griseus
 First amino glycoside antibiotic
 Against
 gram + & – bacteria,
 tuberculosis bacteria ,
 mycobacterium tuberculosis
 Medium
 soyabean meal
 Glucose
 sodium chloride
 pH 7.3-7.5
 Colourless, odurless,water soluble
 Submerged culture

18. HOW ITS WORKS?
O Protein synthesis inhibitor.
O 16s rRNA-
O 30s binding
O Codon misreading
O mRNA- frameshift mutation
O Cell death.
O Not affect humans.

19. (i) The Inoculum Production
 S. griseus
 soil stocks or lyophilized - sterile skimmed
milk.
 liquid culture
 fed to production fermenter.

20. (ii) Preparation of the Medium:
 A carbon source and nitrogen source.
 Peptones,
 soya extracts,
 meat extract,
 ammonium salts,
 nitrogen source.
 Magnesium,
 calcium,
 potassium,
 sulphates,
 phosphates and
 chlorides.

21. (iii) Fermentation:
 temperature 25 to 30°C
 pH 7.0 and 8.0.
 volume of inoculum (4-5%)

22. (a) The First Phase:
i. 24 hours to 48 hours.
ii. Rapid growth mycelium occurs.
iii. pH 8.0 due
iv. proteolytic activity
(b) The Second Phase:
i. Streptomycin production takes place at a rapid rate
without increase in the mycelial growth.
ii. pH to 7.6-8.0.
iii. Glucose and oxygen are required .
(c) Third Phase:
i. Cells lysis,
ii. increase pH,
iii. Requirement of oxygen decreases
(iv) Harvest and Recovery:
i. mycelium is separated from the broth by filtration.
ii. Streptomycin is recovered by several methods.

23. TETRACYCLIN
• Streptomyces aureofaciens
• S. rimosus
• S. viridofaciens
• Broad – spectrum antibiotics.
• Against-
• Gram + & - bacteria,
• Vibrio cholerae,
• Mycoplasma
• Candida albicans….etc

24. HOW ITS WORKS?
Inhibit protein synthesis with in bacterial
cells.
O 30s ribosome
O Attach RNA
O Stop Protein synthesis.
O Cell death
O Anti-Inflammatory
O Treatment of skin diseases.

26. VITAMINS
O Vitamins are organic substance
that essential for the health,
growth, reproduction.

29. PROBIOTICS
“Live microorganism which
when administered in
adequate amounts confer a
health benefits on the host”.

34. THANK YOU….