Industrial microbiology uses microorganisms in industrial processes to produce valuable products. Examples include using bacteria to produce drugs, chemicals, fuels, and electricity. Microbes are useful because they act as mini chemical factories with enzymes, can grow rapidly on inexpensive substrates, and produce desired products quickly. Key applications include using bacteria and fungi to produce chemicals like lactic acid, vinegar, antibiotics like penicillin and streptomycin, and enzymes. Genetic engineering allows modification of microorganisms like inserting human genes into bacteria to produce insulin. Microbes are also used in biomining to extract metals from ores and in petroleum recovery by dissolving rock formations.

1. Reported By:
Farwa Butt
Muhammad Alfahad

2. Industrial Microbiology :
Industrial microbiology is a branch of
applied microbiology in which
microorganisms are used
in industrial processes.
Example: In the production of high-value
products such as drugs, chemicals, fuels
and electricity.

3. Industrial
Microbiology
Genetic Engineering
Enzyme Technology
Agriculture
+
Medicines
Bio mining +
petroleum

4. Microbes:
Microbes are the mini chemical factory
Possess a broad variety of enzymes
High metabolic activity. So, it can grow
and multiply rapidly
Possess a large surface area for the quick
absorption of nutrients
Grow on inexpensive substrate

5. Microbes:
By product of reaction will be the
substrate of other.
Should not be pathogenic for human and
animals.
Produces spores or can be easily
inoculated.
Produces desired product quickly.

6. Applications of Industrial Microbiology
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Products of bacteria
Products of mold
Products of virus
Bio mining
Microbiology and Petroleum

7. Industrial uses of bacteria:
Lactic acid Production
Vinegar Production
GENETIC ENGINEERING

8. Production of Lactic acid:
First discovered by Scheele(1789)from
sour milk. Fermentation: racemic
mixture is formed due to enzyme
racemase. Due to it becomes optically
inactive.
 Utilizes the EMP pathway to produce
pyruvic acid which then reduced to
lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase.

9. Production of Lactic acid
LACTASE
C12 H22O6 +H2O 2 C6H12O6
LACTOSE GLUCOSE+ GLACTOSE
System of enzymes
 2C6H12O6 2CH3-CHOHCOOH
 GLUCOSE+ GLACTOSE LACTIC ACID

10. Uses of Lactic acid:
 Derivative of lactic used to cure diseases
Anemia (iron lactate)
Calcium deficiency (calcium lactate)

11. PRODUCTION OF VINEGAR:
French word vinaigre means sour wine
Major two types of chemical changes:
1. Alcoholic fermentation of carbohydrates
2. Oxidation of alcohol into acetic acid
SUBSTRATE: It can be a Fruit Juice,
starchy vegetables, wheat, barley ,corn ,or
it can be sugar cane and honey.

13. Uses of Vinegar
USES:
 To preserve food
 To make salad
 As a facial toner.
 To trap fruit flies
 To boil better eggs
 To wash fruits and vegetables
 To whiten teeth.

14. Uses Vinegar:
MEDICINAL USE OF VINEGAR
Anti infective:
1.Used for ulcer and sore throat
2.composed of honey and vinegar used for
cough.
ANTI TUMOUR:
1.Japanese rice vinegar used for inhibition of
proliferation of human cancer cell.
• Controls blood sugar level and diabetes.

15. GENETIC ENGINEERING:
DEFINITION:
 The deliberate modification of the
characteristics of an organism by manipulating
its genetic material.
Genetic Engineering Involves:
 Removing a gene from one organism
 Inserting target gene into DNA of another
organism.

16. PROCESS OF GENETIC
ENGINEERING:
FIVE STEPS INVOLVED IN THIS PROCESS
1. Isolation
2. Cutting
3. Insertion
4. Transformation/Transfection
5. Expression(cloning)

18. APPLICATIONS:
MICRO-ORGANISM:
Bacteria makes insulin.
The human insulin gene has been
inserted into bacterium (E. coli).
This allows bacterium to produce
insulin for use by diabetics.

19. POSSIBLE HAZARDS OF GENETIC
ENGINEERING:
 Risk of human health e.g. higher chances of cancer
 Risk for animals health e.g. higher chances of infection
 Risk of creating new microbes that are difficult to kill by antibiotics
 Ethical issues
 Religious reasons
 Animal welfare

20. Industrial Uses of Yeast:
Yeast is used in the production of
 Alcoholic fermentation
 Baker’s yeast
 Food yeast

22. Industrial uses of mold:
Penicillin Production.
Streptomycin production.
Enzyme production.

23. Penicillin Production:
 Penicillin is a secondary metabolite of penicillium &
is produced when growth of the fungus is inhibited by
stress.
 5-7 days for batch fermentation.
Three phases:
 1st Phase: Mycelial growth
 2nd Phase: consumption of lactose, mycelial mass
increases, pH constant. Secreting pencillin to the
medium.
 3rd Phase: Antibiotic concentration decreases.

26. Streptomycin Production:
• Used against TB
• Produced from streptomycin griseus.
• Inoculation to initiate the fermentation in
production tank.
• Medium:
Soyabean meal(N-source),glucose(C-source)
• Carried out at 28 ℃.

28. Three phases:
 1st phase :Rapid growth of microbe,it’s proteolytic
activity produces NH3 to medium from soyabean
meal causes increase in PH.
 2nd phase :Little additional production of
mycelium. Streptomycin accumulates glucose and
NH3 is consumed thus PH is constant.
 3rd phase : Carbohydrates become depleted,
production ceases

29. Microbiology and Mining:
Bio mining is the process of using of
microbes to extract metals from rock
ores or mine.
 Valuable metals are commonly
bound up in solid minerals.

30. Advantages:
 Bio mining uses little energy.
 produces few microbial by-
products such as organic acids
and gases.
 It's cheap and simple.

31. Petroleum microbiology
Petroleum formation:
Sedimentary material of marine
contain dead microbial cells,
biochemical change in sedimentary
material by microbes.

32. Petroleum microbiology
Petroleum Exploration:
Soil contains vapors of
hydrocarbon (ethane, methane).
 present due to the release of
hydrocarbon to petroleum deposit.

33. Petroleum microbiology:
Petroleum Recovery:
 Bacteria injected into oil.
Produce acid to dissolve rock
formation releasing oil.

34. THANKS TO ALL OF YOU