Mexico, Page 1
Running Head: MEXICO’S CULTURAL, ECONOMICAL, AND POLITICAL STATE
Mexico’s Cultural, Economical, and Political State
For
Firms Pursuing Business In or With Mexico
By
Kashmala Khan
For
Athena Miklos, Professor
ECN 2025-102947
Tuesdays and Thursdays, 10:00-11:20 AM
College of Southern Maryland
La Plata, Maryland
November 15, 2012
Mexico, Page 2
Summary
Before a firm does business in Mexico it is imperative to understand the achievements
and pitfalls of its cultural, economic, and political forces. Although Mexico has improved
substantially with its technological development, investment policies, foreign exchange policies,
and tariffs, it still has significant pitfalls when it comes to honoring contracts, legal framework,
and enforcing laws.
The cultural forces of Mexico are largely dependent on social structure. Mexicans respect
authority and look to those above them for guidance and decision-making. This makes it
important to know which person is in charge, and leads to an authoritarian approach to decision-
making and problem solving. Since 92.7% of the total population in Mexico speaks Spanish
only, it will be beneficial to learn Spanish or have a translator at hand at all times. Shared culture
makes it easier to market and sell goods and services.
The economic forces in Mexico offer both favorable and unfavorable qualities. Mexico is
currently the second largest export market for U.S. goods. Some of the greatest achievements of
economic forces include physical infrastructures, telecommunication systems, production
capabilities, and technology. The unfavorable qualities of the economic forces include high
employment rate and unskilled labor.
The political forces in Mexico also play a great role in opportunities and pitfalls. The
opportunities include efficient settlements to disputes and reasonable trade regulations and
standards. The pitfalls include wars and terrorism caused by the drug wars and cartels.
There are numerous opportunities for firms in the Textiles and Clothing industry of
Mexico. A firm should be knowledgeable about the cultural differences in Mexican people in
Mexico, Page 3
order to undergo business successfully. A firm should also be aware of the potential profit
Mexico has to offer, as well as the potential problems. To conclude from this research, U.S.
firms should enter the Textiles and Clothing industry in Mexico because there are a lot of
opportunities and the Mexican economy will further expand in the near future.
Mexico, Page 4
Introduction
This paper will review and relay the most recent information regarding Mexico’s cultural,
economic, and political forces. The objective of this paper is to assist firms who are interested in
entering the Textiles and Clothing industry in Mexico by portraying the opportunities, issues,
and pros and cons of doing business in Mexico. Th ...
19Executive SummaryThe research project focuses on culturaAnastaciaShadelb
1
9
Executive Summary
The research project focuses on cultural subsystems such as religion, kinship, and recreation, as well as Mexico's prevailing perspectives regarding time, change, and material issues. It also contrasts Mexico with the United States in terms of Hofstede's findings on the four characteristics of culture: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, and individualism. The investigation discovers that Catholicism is the most widely practiced religion in Mexico and that kinship relationships are extremely important to many Mexicans. While bullfights are the most popular spectator sports in the country, popular sports like soccer, baseball, and jai-alai are also popular among locals. People in Mexico believe that time is limitless, and they are open to change and material circumstances since they value achievement. According to Hofstede's four cultural dimensions, Mexico, unlike the United States, has a high power distance, a strong propensity for avoiding uncertainty, and is a collectivist society. Although both countries have high levels of masculinity, masculinity is evident in the United States at both the individual and national levels. As the U.S. manager of a Mexican business, these discrepancies have a substantial impact on my managerial activities.
Cultural Profile of Mexico
Mexico is the third-largest country in Latin America, behind Brazil and Argentina. It is located in the south of North America. Both extremes of poverty and prosperity characterize the country. Due to its industrial basis, immense natural resources, and large population, it remains one of Latin America's most powerful economic and political forces. Around 18 percent of the population lives in extreme poverty, and school dropout rates, absenteeism, and grade repeat are major issues in poor regions (Icfdn, 2019). It has seen a series of economic booms as a result of these, which have resulted in a number of significant social advantages.
Cultural Subsystems
Religion, kinship, and recreation are the three main cultural subsystems in Mexico. Marriage, family, and gender roles and statuses are some of the other subsystems.
Religion
Mexico's major religion is Catholic, and the indigenous people of Mexico gladly accept its ideas and traditions. According to research, the people of Mexico accepted Catholicism following the Spanish invasion, and Catholic beliefs still saturate everyday life in Mexico. Furthermore, the Catholic Church has played an important and significant role in Mexican history. For example, the Virgin of Guadalupe, the country's patron saint, has a shrine in Mexico City that draws thousands of pilgrims from around the world. The Catholic calendar determines the most important religious festivals in Mexico, such as Easter. As a result, priests are the most important religious practitioners, officiating at events like as weddings, births, and conducting regular religious services.
Kinship
Despite the fact that family membe ...
Nearshoring in Mexico – Right Across The BorderNeo Group Inc
The rise of Mexico as an outsourcing destination over the last decade has been tremendous. And its close proximity to the US has definitely made a big difference.
But is that all that’s there to it – the nearshore advantage? How has this Latin American country managed to find its footing in an area earlier dominated by its Asian counterparts like India, China, Malaysia, and the Philippines located thousands of miles away? How has Mexico managed to deal with competitors in the region, say Canada or Brazil, who also have some similar advantages? How has it faced controversial issues like drug-related violence and high crime rates?
This Supply WisdomSM white paper attempts to explore all these areas and then some more.
Managing Across Cultures: West Indian Pepper CompanyMartin Massiah
We were given the task to create a business plan for a new pepper company in Grenada that would facilitate its expansion into the Mexican pepper sauce manufacturers' market.
19Executive SummaryThe research project focuses on culturaAnastaciaShadelb
1
9
Executive Summary
The research project focuses on cultural subsystems such as religion, kinship, and recreation, as well as Mexico's prevailing perspectives regarding time, change, and material issues. It also contrasts Mexico with the United States in terms of Hofstede's findings on the four characteristics of culture: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, and individualism. The investigation discovers that Catholicism is the most widely practiced religion in Mexico and that kinship relationships are extremely important to many Mexicans. While bullfights are the most popular spectator sports in the country, popular sports like soccer, baseball, and jai-alai are also popular among locals. People in Mexico believe that time is limitless, and they are open to change and material circumstances since they value achievement. According to Hofstede's four cultural dimensions, Mexico, unlike the United States, has a high power distance, a strong propensity for avoiding uncertainty, and is a collectivist society. Although both countries have high levels of masculinity, masculinity is evident in the United States at both the individual and national levels. As the U.S. manager of a Mexican business, these discrepancies have a substantial impact on my managerial activities.
Cultural Profile of Mexico
Mexico is the third-largest country in Latin America, behind Brazil and Argentina. It is located in the south of North America. Both extremes of poverty and prosperity characterize the country. Due to its industrial basis, immense natural resources, and large population, it remains one of Latin America's most powerful economic and political forces. Around 18 percent of the population lives in extreme poverty, and school dropout rates, absenteeism, and grade repeat are major issues in poor regions (Icfdn, 2019). It has seen a series of economic booms as a result of these, which have resulted in a number of significant social advantages.
Cultural Subsystems
Religion, kinship, and recreation are the three main cultural subsystems in Mexico. Marriage, family, and gender roles and statuses are some of the other subsystems.
Religion
Mexico's major religion is Catholic, and the indigenous people of Mexico gladly accept its ideas and traditions. According to research, the people of Mexico accepted Catholicism following the Spanish invasion, and Catholic beliefs still saturate everyday life in Mexico. Furthermore, the Catholic Church has played an important and significant role in Mexican history. For example, the Virgin of Guadalupe, the country's patron saint, has a shrine in Mexico City that draws thousands of pilgrims from around the world. The Catholic calendar determines the most important religious festivals in Mexico, such as Easter. As a result, priests are the most important religious practitioners, officiating at events like as weddings, births, and conducting regular religious services.
Kinship
Despite the fact that family membe ...
Nearshoring in Mexico – Right Across The BorderNeo Group Inc
The rise of Mexico as an outsourcing destination over the last decade has been tremendous. And its close proximity to the US has definitely made a big difference.
But is that all that’s there to it – the nearshore advantage? How has this Latin American country managed to find its footing in an area earlier dominated by its Asian counterparts like India, China, Malaysia, and the Philippines located thousands of miles away? How has Mexico managed to deal with competitors in the region, say Canada or Brazil, who also have some similar advantages? How has it faced controversial issues like drug-related violence and high crime rates?
This Supply WisdomSM white paper attempts to explore all these areas and then some more.
Managing Across Cultures: West Indian Pepper CompanyMartin Massiah
We were given the task to create a business plan for a new pepper company in Grenada that would facilitate its expansion into the Mexican pepper sauce manufacturers' market.
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Social Media Essay | Essay on Social Media in 500-600 Words for School .... Social Media essay in english || Essay writing on Social Media - YouTube. Social Media Essay. Unbelievable Social Media Essay Introduction ~ Thatsnotus. 010 Largepreview Essay Example On Impact Of Social Media Our ~ Thatsnotus. 011 Expository Essay About Social Media Sociological Imagination .... 001 Essay Example On Role Of Social Media In Society ~ Thatsnotus. Social Media Essay | Tips on How to Write (With Examples). Social Media Essay | Digital & Social Media | Social Media. 014 Essay Example Largepreview On Impact Of Social Media Our ~ Thatsnotus. Social Media Essay Example - 013 Largepreview Pros And Cons Of Social .... 008 Essay Example On Impact Of Social Media Our Life ~ Thatsnotus. A Complete Guide To Prepare An Impressive Social Media Essay. Social media benefits essay | Essay, Illustration essay, Academic writing. Essay On Social Media [Short & Long]. Write an essay on Social Media | Essay Writing | English - YouTube. Essay social media spm. write me a essay. Importance of Social Media - Free Essay Example - 906 Words | PapersOwl.com. Pros and Cons of Social Media Essay | Essay on Pros and Cons of Social .... How To Write An Argumentative Essay On Social Media.pdf | DocDroid. Social media example essay. Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words. Four Ways Social Media enhances Your Writing Skills by Absolute Essays .... Essay on Social Media in English | essay | English writing | English .... 005 Largepreview Essay Example On Impact Of Social Media Our ~ Thatsnotus. Essay about social media | Adolescence | Digital & Social Media Essays On Social Media
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Students will create a Flipgrid about ONE of the Modern Day Issues.docxmarilynnhoare
: Students will create a Flipgrid about ONE of the Modern Day Issues facing Latin America today. Students will write a script using the organizer below & record a Flip grid on which issue poverty, war on drugs, or migration, is the biggest problem facing Latin America today. Students should use two (2) facts from the article to back up their opinion.
Modern Latin America As you read, look for u the impact on political and social life resulting from the rule of dictators; u the war on drugs in Latin America and its impact on the United States; u the impact of poverty on the people of Latin America; u migration patterns across the Americas; u terms: dictator, drug cartel, Pathways to Prosperity in the Americas, migration. Dictators and Democracy Governments in Latin America have often had times of instability since they gained independence. Many have been ruled by military leaders or dictators (people who rule with total authority, often in a harsh way). During the Cold War, the United States feared the influence of the Soviet Union in the western hemisphere. This resulted in the United States supporting leaders who were not always democratically chosen in fair elections. Democratic systems have spread, however, in the past few decades. The United States and Europe have provided models of stable government that have been used to design more democratic governments in Latin America. Top Right: Simón Bolívar was a 19thcentury soldier who played a role in revolutions against Spanish rule in several South American countries. The nation of Bolivia is named for him. Above: Augusto Pinochet ruled as dictator of Chile from 1973 to 1990. Left: This mural commemorates students who protested against the government of Nicaragua. The students were killed by soldiers as they demanded improvements in their education system. Section 3: Modern Latin America 329One example of a Latin American dictator was Augusto Pinochet of Chile. This general ruled Chile for 17 years. Many believed Pinochet was able to keep communists from taking over the country, but others viewed him as a cruel leader who disrespected the rights of anyone who opposed him. Another example is the Somoza family of Nicaragua. This dictatorial family was in power for over 40 years. During their rule, the family grew wealthy while most of the country was in poverty. Even when elections were allowed, the family remained in power until the last leader was assassinated in 1980. Even though elections are held in most Latin American countries today, there is widespread poverty, and liberal and socialist leaders dominate politics. Many of the leaders oppose the United States and win support from voters by blaming US policies for problems in their country. The War on Drugs The war on drugs has been an ongoing battle in the United States and many Latin American countries. Drugs such as marijuana and heroin have been illegally brought to the United States, althoug.
Federalism Essay.pdfFederalism Essay. Federalist Paper No. 10 SummaryPatricia Lewis
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MGMT 511Location ProblemGeorge Heller was so successful in.docxandreecapon
MGMT 511
Location Problem
George Heller was so successful in his previous assignment that he was promoted to the coveted position of Infrastructure Manager on the Mergers and Acquisitions Team.
Again Agame has recently acquired a competitive company with a plant and a warehouse in a nearby city. Management has decided to keep the additional warehouse. However, they are unsure if they need to keep the additional manufacturing plant. All products can be manufactured in either plant and shipped from either warehouse. Each plant and each warehouse has sufficient capacity to meet the total forecasted demand individually.
Prepare a report for management with your recommendation. Three possible choices exist. 1) Close the Competitor plant and satisfy all demand from the Again Agame plant; 2) Close the Again Agame plant and satisfy all demand from the Competitor plant; 3)Keep both plants open.
Your recommendation should include a solution for each of the five years in question. Include your calculations and spreadsheets in support of your recommendations.
Sales Forecast (cases)
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Competitor Warehouse (WH1)
15,000,000
20,000,000
26,000,000
34,000,000
44,000,000
Again Agame Warehouse (WH2)
6,000,000
7,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
21,000,000
Fixed Costs
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Competitor Plant (P1)
900,000
900,000
900,000
900,000
900,000
Again Agame Plant (P2)
800,000
800,000
800,000
800,000
800,000
Transportation Costs
$1.00 / 1,000 cases / mile
4
Costs -- Both Plant Scenario
20112012201320142015
Transport P1 - WH1
Transport P2 - WH2
Fixed Cost - P1
Fixed Cost - P2
Total
General Info.Infrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Situation:a) Package -RGBb) Nr. Plants -2c) Nr. WH -2d) Period -5 yearse) Sales Frcst. -DecreasingCapacity MM U/C per Year:Plant 1 -5avg. HK 70 (KS)Plant 2 -3avg. HK 42 (KS)Distance Matrix: (Km)WH1WH2P150600P2600100Diagram:
&A
Page &P
WH2
Franchise 2
Franchise 1
P2
P1
WH1
Sales Frcst.Infrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Sales Forecast (M U.C)RGB'98'99'00'01'02WH15000.04000.03400.02800.02400.0WH23000.02400.02000.01600.01400.0Obs. Volume is Decreasing 15% per year.
&A
Page &P
CostsInfrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Transport Costs:0.51,000 cases per KmFixed Costs:900,000P1 = $600,000/year800,000P2 = $500,000/year
&A
Page &P
AnalysisInfrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Fixed Costs'98'99'00'01'02P1800,000800,000800,000800,000800,000P2700,000700,000700,000700,000700,000Total1,500,0001,500,0001,500,0001,500,0001,500,000Transportation Costs'98'99'00'01'02P1 - WH1125,000100,00085,00070,00060,000P2 - WH2150,000120,000100,00080,00070,000P1 - WH2900,000720,000600,000480,000420,000P2 - WH11,500,0001,200,0001,020,000840,000720,000Total 1275,000220,000185,000150,000130,000(both plants)Total 21,025,000820,000685 ...
MGMT 464From Snowboarders to Lawnmowers Case Study Case An.docxandreecapon
MGMT 464
From Snowboarders to Lawnmowers Case Study
Case Analysis Worksheet #1
Case Analysis Session 1 : Focus on Inspiring a Shared Vision (Principle #2)
Inspiring a shared vision has two main components [1] creating a vision through common purpose, and [2] enlisting or getting people ‘on board’ with the vision.
In your small groups, discuss and document your group’s response to the following questions. Upload your typed document into one of your group member’s D2L dropbox by the assigned due date on your course schedule. Be sure to include on your worksheet all group member names. If present in class, all group members will receive the same grade for this case analysis assignment (maximum 30 pts). Group peer evaluations will be used to determine overall individual group member participation points for both of these case study discussions (maximum 15 pts).
1. In what specific ways did Michael fail and/or succeed in ‘listening deeply’ to his employees?
2. In what specific ways did Michael show that he was not “open to influence?” How would Michael being open to influence have made him more effective, ( i.e., who were the “local experts” and how could he have benefited from them)?
3. When you consider the employees of Bedford Mower as they were before Michael arrived, how would you characterize them in terms of what was personally meaningful to them?
4. When creating his vision for the company, in what specific ways did Michael fail and/or succeed in ‘determining what was meaningful’ to his employees, and what was the impact?
5. What specific mechanisms, or opportunities did Michael have available to him for enlisting others?
6. To what extent did Michael take advantage of these? To what extent were they effective in terms of getting everyone on board with the new vision?
7. In thinking about his attempts to enlist others, in what ways did or didn’t Michael incorporate common ideals into his communication with his employees as it related to the new vision?
8. How successful was Michael in “animating the vision”? How would you characterize him in terms of his use of symbolic language, providing imagery of the future, practicing positive communication, expressing emotion, and speaking from the heart, in his communications to his employees?
9. What would you have done differently with this group of employees in terms of inspiring a shared vision?
Team Leadership Case
From Snowboards to Lawnmowers
Michael Francis, a man in his late 30s, born and raised in Oregon, was an avid snowboarder. He was known among his many friends and associates as a risk-taker, highly intelligent, innovative, a bit of a rebel, but an extremely smart businessman. When he was in his early 20s, he started his own snowboarding company designing and manufacturing what became known as some of the most cutting edge boards available. Having recently married a woman who was raised on the East coast, he decided to sell his company and move to Vermont where h ...
MG345_Lead from Middle.pptLeading from the Middle Exe.docxandreecapon
MG345_Lead from Middle.ppt
Leading from the Middle: Exerting Influence Sideways & Upward
MG345 Organizations & Environment
Tony Buono
Fall 2104
Unfreezing
Changing
Refreezing
Planned
Change
Guided
Changing
Freezing
Rebalancing/
Translating
Unfreezing/
Improvising
Directed
Change
Present
State
Desired
State
Conceptualizing Change Processes
Low
Low
High
High
Business Complexity
Socio-Technical
Uncertainty
Authority
Acceptance
Persuasive Communication
A Question of Rhythm?
Leadership Styles
TASK FOCUS
PEOPLE FOCUS
LEARNING FOCUS
ORGANIZATIONAL EMPHASIS
INDIVIDUAL EMPHASIS
Commanding (Coercive)
Pacesetter
Visionary
(Authoritative)
Affiliative
Democratic
Coaching
EQ Adaptive Ability
Across Styles
Managers as Linking Pins
Middle Management …
“… story of gradual disempowerment in which reasonably healthy, confident and competent people become transformed into anxious, tense, ineffective and self-doubting wrecks.”
Barry Oshry, “Converting Middle Powerlessness to Middle Power,” National Productivity Review
Intervening in the MiddleConceptualizing and Understanding One’s Sphere of InfluenceControllables v. UncontrollablesControlled (Contained) EmpowermentLooking for Opportunities in AmbiguityPursuing “Small Wins”
Source: A.F. Buono & A.J. Nurick, “Intervening in the Middle: Coping Strategies in Mergers and
Acquisitions,” Human Resource Planning, 1992, vol. 15, no. 2.
Lewin’s Force-Field Analysis
Status Quo
Change Drivers
Change Resisters
2-
C
H
A
N
G
I
N
G
1-UNFREEZING
3-REFREEZING
KEY:
Own versus
Induced Forces
Dealing with ResistanceApproachUseAdvantagesDisadvantagesEducation +
CommunicationLack of or inaccurate infoHelps to inform and persuadeTime consuming, especially if many people are involvedParticipation + InvolvementInitiators do not have all info; others have considerable power to resistParticipation leads to commitment; recipient info integrated into change planTime consuming; participators can design inappropriate changeFacilitation + SupportResistance due to adjustment problemsBest way to cope with adjustment issuesCan be time consuming; can still failNegotiationSomeone/group loses out and has power to resistRelatively easy was to avoid problemsCan be expensiveManipulationOther tactics don’t’ workQuick, inexpensiveShort-term utility, can lead to future problemsExplicit + Implicit CoercionSpeed; you have powerSimple, straightforwardShort-term benefits, can be risky; retribution
“Managing” Your Boss
Understand your boss
Goals & Needs Working Style
Strengths & Weaknesses
Understand yourself
Goals & Needs Working Style
Strengths & Weaknesses How you react to your boss?
What do you do to help/hurt your relat ...
MGMT 345
Phase 2 IPBusiness MemoTo:
Warehouse ManagerFrom:[Your Name]Date:February 25, 2015Re:
Effective Supply Chain Design
Enhancing Profitability and Stakeholder Value with Effective Supply Chain Design
Supply Chain Networks
Supply Chain Drivers
Supply Chains and Distribution of Assets and Resources
Supply Chain Visual
Figure 1: The Food Production Chain.(n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/images/food_production_chain_400px.jpg
References
Do not forget to put your references in alphabetical order (vertically, NOT horizontally) by author’s last name, and use only first initials, not first name. If one of your references begins with the word "The," put the rest of the name first and insert a comma, followed by the word The (example – Associated Press, The.).
Author's Last Name, First Initial. (year). Title of article/Internet page. Retrieved from http://complete URL here Do Not end with a period (EXAMPLE OF AN INTERNET SOURCE – IF NO DATE IS GIVEN ON THE INTERNET PAGE USE: (n.d.). IN PLACE OF THE YEAR.)
Author's Last Name, First Initial. (year). Title of book. City, ST: Publisher. (EXAMPLE OF A BOOK)
Author's Last Name, First Initial. (year, Season). Title of article. Magazine Name, 12(8), 27. (EXAMPLE OF A MAGAZINE ARTICLE - Note – only capitalize the proper nouns in the title of the article; capitalize all the words in the magazine name; the 12 is where the volume number goes, the 8 is where the issue number goes, the 27 is where the page number goes.)
Berube, M. S., ed. (1989). The American heritage dictionary. New York: Dell. (EXAMPLE OF A DICTIONARY)
Bird, I. (1973). A lady's life in the Rocky Mountains (Reprint ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. (EXAMPLE OF A BOOK)
Food Production Chain, The. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/images/food_production_chain_400px.jpg
Grant, A. M. & Berry, J. W. (2011). The necessity of others is the mother of invention: Intrinsic and prosocial motivations, perspective taking, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal.54 (1), 73-96. DOI: 10.5465/AMJ.2011.59215085 (EXAMPLE FROM OUR BONUS LIVE CHAT, PLEASE VIEW THE BONUS LIVE CHAT TO SEE HOW TO FORMAT A REFERENCE WHEN RESEARCHING FROM THE CTU LIBRARY, WHICH IS REQUIRED FOR THIS TASK)
Leonard, S. J., & Noel, T. J. (1990). Denver: Mining camp to metropolis. Niwot, CO: University Press of Colorado. (EXAMPLE OF A BOOK)
Morson, B., & Frazier, D. (2000, December 7). For years, brown cloud fouls Denver image [Electronic version]. Denver (Colorado) Rocky Mountain News. Retrieved October 3, 2002, from http://insidedenver.com/millennium/1207stone.shtml (EXAMPLE OF A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE FROM AN ONLINE VERSION OF THE NEWSPAPER)
National Jewish Medical & Research Center. (2001a, January 5). The 'Brown Cloud,' cold-induced asthma, winter allergies and seasonal affective disorder around the corner as winter approaches. Retrieved October 4, 2002, from http://www.njc.org/news/ winter1.html (EXAMPLE OF AN ORGANIZATION ...
MGMT 3720 – Organizational Behavior EXAM 3
(CH. 9, 10, 11, & 12)
Question 1
1.
While discussing their marketing campaign for a new product, the members of the cross-functional team responsible for Carver Inc. realized that a couple of changes relating to their prior plan would be beneficial. The offer of a franchising that had earlier been brushed off by the company head was discussed thoroughly and it was decided that it would be implemented on a trial basis initially, and on full scale if found to work well. From the information provided, it can be concluded that this cross-functional team has a high degree of ________.
Answer
reflexivity
uncertainty
diversity
conformity
demography
Question 2
1.
Max Hiller was recently hired by Sync, a consumer goods company. During his first meeting with the sales team, Max impressed upon his team that work performance is the only criterion he would use to evaluate them. To help them perform well and meet their targets, he pushed his team to work extra hours. He also gave very clear instructions to each member regarding their job responsibilities and continually verified if they were meeting their targets. Which of the following, if true, would weaken Max's approach?
Answer
Sales figures for the region that Max's team is responsible for have improved in the last quarter.
Max is leading many new employees who have joined his team directly after training.
Max's sales team is comprised of independent and experienced employees who are committed to their jobs.
Max's team functions in a sluggish manner and picks up pace only a week or so before the monthly operations cycle meetings.
Max's team does not display high levels of cohesiveness and members fail to coordinate with each other.
Question 3
1.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect of group cohesiveness and performance norms on group productivity?
Answer
When both cohesiveness and performance norms are high, productivity will be high.
The productivity of the group is affected by the performance norms but not by the cohesiveness of the group.
If cohesiveness is high and performance norms are low, productivity will be high.
When cohesiveness is low and performance norms are also low, productivity will be high.
If cohesiveness is low and performance norms are high, productivity will be low.
Question 4
1.
Neutralizers make it impossible for leader behavior to make any difference to follower outcomes.
Answer
True
False
Question 5
1.
Communication includes both the transfer and the understanding of meaning.
Answer
True
False
Question 6
1.
According to the path-goal theory, directive leadership is likely to be welcomed and accepted by employees with high ability or considerable experience.
Answer
True
False
Question 7
1.
Before buying her new phone, Gina listed the various requirements her new phone must meet. As a wedding planner, much of her work revolved around usin ...
MGM316-1401B-01Quesadra D. GoodrumClass Discussion Phase2.docxandreecapon
MGM316-1401B-01
Quesadra D. Goodrum
Class Discussion Phase2
Colorado Technical University
Professor: Edmund Winters
4/07/2014
In an ever-changing world, intercultural business communication is one of the most vital aspects of carrying out business in foreign countries. We are set up to fail if we enter into foreign business agreements blindly. In the absence of proper communication skills, cultural awareness comes into play knowing the culture in which we are dealing. All of your concepts you may have grown up with and ideas that you have formed beforehand need to be thrown away and cast to the side. Your concepts and ideas in these business meetings will only be as effective as your communication skills. If your communications skills are weak so will be your presentation of your projected business plan. If I was going to develop a training program on the same, my lesson plan would look as illustrated below:
I. Class Objectives: The goals or objectives for class include understanding how language affects intercultural business communications and learning about different cultures and how they communicate when conducting business activities.
II. Connection to Course Goals: The class’s daily objectives will connect to the overall course goals by dealing with one topic at a time.
III. Anticipatory Set: What is usually involved in intercultural business communication and how should one behave if relocated to foreign countries such as United Arab Emirates, Mexico, China and Israel?
IV. Cultural Awareness
V. High vs. Low Context Cultures
VI. Language: Verbal vs. Non-Verbal
VII. Conversational Taboos
VIII. Interaction: Ethical/Unethical awareness
IX. Conclusion: connecting the objectives
My developed training program will help my students target and grasp the importance of the concepts listed and how they connect to one another. You will need to know a number of things regarding Cultural Awareness, High vs. Low Context Cultures, and Verbal vs. Non-Verbal, Conversational Taboos, and Interaction Ethical/Unethical awareness, and connecting the objectives. “Low context language is where things are fully spelled out or made explicit where there is also considerable dependence on what is actually being said or written (Gibson, 2002).” Western cultures tend to be inclined more toward low context language while Eastern and
Southern cultures are more inclined to use high context language (LeBaron, 2003).“High context language is whereby communicators assume a great deal of commonality of opinions and knowledge so that not much is made explicit (Novinger, 2001).” In other words, communication is in indirect ways. It is of crucial importance for business individuals venturing overseas to learn more about the business culture and etiquette present in countries such as Mexico, China, United Arab Emirates and Israel as they are not the same as the American business culture.
International Business Communication
Understanding other cultures tend to greatly enh ...
METROPOLITAN PLANNING ANDENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESn May 2008, the N.docxandreecapon
METROPOLITAN PLANNING AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
n May 2008, the Nobel Prize–winning economist Paul Krugman was in Berlin, and
he wrote an Op-Ed piece for the New York Times that began, “I have seen the future,
and it works.” He went on to extol “this marvelous urban environment” with its pitchperfect
public transportation servicing medium height high-rise buildings embedded
in a larger urban-scape of commercial service establishments and green areas. He then
commented: “It’s the kind of neighborhood in which people don’t have to drive a lot,
but it’s also a kind of neighborhood that barely exists in America, even in big metropolitan
areas. Greater Atlanta has roughly the same population as greater Berlin—but
Berlin is a city of trains, buses and bikes, while Atlanta is a city of cars, cars and cars.”
The Nobel Prize winner is speaking here not as an objective scientist, but as another
tourist from America, and one who subscribes to the subjective bias against suburban
sprawl. As any other observant visitor to Berlin can attest, he leaves out other aspects of
the experience: the mixed groups of drug addicts loitering around select public places
including open-air heroin users and speed freaks; Nazi skinheads roaming the very
community transportation corridors Krugman lauds; sectors of the city that could be
called slums in the American style, except that the housing is better maintained and
the streets are cleaner; and, despite the popularity of Berlin, an increasing and denser
development of the region outside the city for the kind of single-family homes that are
most characteristic of the United States and that he seems to dislike despite the fact
that he probably lives in one back in Princeton, N.J., where he is a professor.
To be sure, Krugman has an excellent point and his comparison between Berlin
and Atlanta is well taken. However, any tourist comparing American and European
urban development patterns for public consumption, such as this Op-Ed columnist,
must be held responsible for pointing out the single most important reason for the
contrast. Simply put, European cities have fought sprawl and have a more “rational”
public mode of living that includes clustered high-rises and efficient public transportation
precisely because in Europe planners have political power and leverage over
land use built by profit seekers. America has nothing comparable because Americans
321
I
dislike public housing and government planning and are generally opposed to government
regulation and intervention. The fundamental ideological divide between these
societies could not be more different. Witness the frustrating and irrational response
average U.S. citizens have made in opposition to government-sponsored health insurance
during the summer of 2009. European countries adopted universal health care,
in contrast, scores of years ago. At about the same time, in the post–World War II era,
they also sanctioned local and national planning schemes for housing and ...
Methods of Moral Decision Making REL 330 Christian Moralit.docxandreecapon
Methods of Moral Decision Making
REL 330 Christian Morality
Acquisition of Christian Based Ethical Truth comes from:
1. Written Revelation – the Bible
2. Natural Law
· Human reason is capable of divine ethical truth.
· Human kind made in the image of God is therefore capable of understanding ethical standards revealed in nature.
· Natural tendency for self-preservation, avoidance of pain, defense of children.
3. The Church - A. Narrative component : Stories and images,
B. Normative component: Rules/guidelines
C. Church functions to assist with character development by teaching,
through community, and imagination (raises to new acute awareness &
understanding)
How we decide is a matter of style:
Rule-Based or Deontological Theories of Ethics (Rule or duty based)
A. Divine Command/Absolutism –
Our behavior, actions and moral decisions are based on God’s will.
How do we determine the will of God?
Based on our experience of God and our understanding of the nature of
God.
God is good. We need an understanding of what the Good is.
Do we follow God’s command out of fear or out of love?
Which is more important the rule or the intention?
The problem with moral decision making arises when in a particular situation one needs to choose between protecting one’s own life and the life of another. Complex situations in our nuclear age make it difficult to determine the greater good or the lesser of two evils in many cases.
B. Immanuel Kant’s “Categorical Imperative” - another of the deontological or rule based theories of ethics that may help in ethical reasoning-
His theory states “Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.” Also persons are not to be a means to an end. (Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, 1785; cited in Rachels, 115)
C. Social Contract Theories- a belief that moral judgments are simply conventions determined by a particular society. How this works is evident in the “Peace Child.”
D. Critical Realism- is a method thatasserts that our knowledge of the world refers to the-way-things-really-are, but in a partial fashion which will necessarily be revised as that knowledge develops. Critical Realism attempts to find the real good through dialogue and reason between the ideal rule or norm and the reality of the present world.
Teleological or goal-based theories of Ethical Reasoning- (Also known as consequentialism)
A. Ethical Egoism- a moral act is what benefits me.
B. Utilitarianism- a moral act is what causes the greatest amount of happiness for the most people concerned, i.e.,
· Right actions are those with best consequences.
· In assessing “best consequences” the amount of happiness or unhappiness caused is the only relevant consideration.
· Each person’s welfare is equally important
C. Emotivism- moral judgments ar ...
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Students will create a Flipgrid about ONE of the Modern Day Issues.docxmarilynnhoare
: Students will create a Flipgrid about ONE of the Modern Day Issues facing Latin America today. Students will write a script using the organizer below & record a Flip grid on which issue poverty, war on drugs, or migration, is the biggest problem facing Latin America today. Students should use two (2) facts from the article to back up their opinion.
Modern Latin America As you read, look for u the impact on political and social life resulting from the rule of dictators; u the war on drugs in Latin America and its impact on the United States; u the impact of poverty on the people of Latin America; u migration patterns across the Americas; u terms: dictator, drug cartel, Pathways to Prosperity in the Americas, migration. Dictators and Democracy Governments in Latin America have often had times of instability since they gained independence. Many have been ruled by military leaders or dictators (people who rule with total authority, often in a harsh way). During the Cold War, the United States feared the influence of the Soviet Union in the western hemisphere. This resulted in the United States supporting leaders who were not always democratically chosen in fair elections. Democratic systems have spread, however, in the past few decades. The United States and Europe have provided models of stable government that have been used to design more democratic governments in Latin America. Top Right: Simón Bolívar was a 19thcentury soldier who played a role in revolutions against Spanish rule in several South American countries. The nation of Bolivia is named for him. Above: Augusto Pinochet ruled as dictator of Chile from 1973 to 1990. Left: This mural commemorates students who protested against the government of Nicaragua. The students were killed by soldiers as they demanded improvements in their education system. Section 3: Modern Latin America 329One example of a Latin American dictator was Augusto Pinochet of Chile. This general ruled Chile for 17 years. Many believed Pinochet was able to keep communists from taking over the country, but others viewed him as a cruel leader who disrespected the rights of anyone who opposed him. Another example is the Somoza family of Nicaragua. This dictatorial family was in power for over 40 years. During their rule, the family grew wealthy while most of the country was in poverty. Even when elections were allowed, the family remained in power until the last leader was assassinated in 1980. Even though elections are held in most Latin American countries today, there is widespread poverty, and liberal and socialist leaders dominate politics. Many of the leaders oppose the United States and win support from voters by blaming US policies for problems in their country. The War on Drugs The war on drugs has been an ongoing battle in the United States and many Latin American countries. Drugs such as marijuana and heroin have been illegally brought to the United States, althoug.
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MGMT 511Location ProblemGeorge Heller was so successful in.docxandreecapon
MGMT 511
Location Problem
George Heller was so successful in his previous assignment that he was promoted to the coveted position of Infrastructure Manager on the Mergers and Acquisitions Team.
Again Agame has recently acquired a competitive company with a plant and a warehouse in a nearby city. Management has decided to keep the additional warehouse. However, they are unsure if they need to keep the additional manufacturing plant. All products can be manufactured in either plant and shipped from either warehouse. Each plant and each warehouse has sufficient capacity to meet the total forecasted demand individually.
Prepare a report for management with your recommendation. Three possible choices exist. 1) Close the Competitor plant and satisfy all demand from the Again Agame plant; 2) Close the Again Agame plant and satisfy all demand from the Competitor plant; 3)Keep both plants open.
Your recommendation should include a solution for each of the five years in question. Include your calculations and spreadsheets in support of your recommendations.
Sales Forecast (cases)
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Competitor Warehouse (WH1)
15,000,000
20,000,000
26,000,000
34,000,000
44,000,000
Again Agame Warehouse (WH2)
6,000,000
7,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
21,000,000
Fixed Costs
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Competitor Plant (P1)
900,000
900,000
900,000
900,000
900,000
Again Agame Plant (P2)
800,000
800,000
800,000
800,000
800,000
Transportation Costs
$1.00 / 1,000 cases / mile
4
Costs -- Both Plant Scenario
20112012201320142015
Transport P1 - WH1
Transport P2 - WH2
Fixed Cost - P1
Fixed Cost - P2
Total
General Info.Infrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Situation:a) Package -RGBb) Nr. Plants -2c) Nr. WH -2d) Period -5 yearse) Sales Frcst. -DecreasingCapacity MM U/C per Year:Plant 1 -5avg. HK 70 (KS)Plant 2 -3avg. HK 42 (KS)Distance Matrix: (Km)WH1WH2P150600P2600100Diagram:
&A
Page &P
WH2
Franchise 2
Franchise 1
P2
P1
WH1
Sales Frcst.Infrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Sales Forecast (M U.C)RGB'98'99'00'01'02WH15000.04000.03400.02800.02400.0WH23000.02400.02000.01600.01400.0Obs. Volume is Decreasing 15% per year.
&A
Page &P
CostsInfrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Transport Costs:0.51,000 cases per KmFixed Costs:900,000P1 = $600,000/year800,000P2 = $500,000/year
&A
Page &P
AnalysisInfrastructure ExerciseDate: 28/10/97Fixed Costs'98'99'00'01'02P1800,000800,000800,000800,000800,000P2700,000700,000700,000700,000700,000Total1,500,0001,500,0001,500,0001,500,0001,500,000Transportation Costs'98'99'00'01'02P1 - WH1125,000100,00085,00070,00060,000P2 - WH2150,000120,000100,00080,00070,000P1 - WH2900,000720,000600,000480,000420,000P2 - WH11,500,0001,200,0001,020,000840,000720,000Total 1275,000220,000185,000150,000130,000(both plants)Total 21,025,000820,000685 ...
MGMT 464From Snowboarders to Lawnmowers Case Study Case An.docxandreecapon
MGMT 464
From Snowboarders to Lawnmowers Case Study
Case Analysis Worksheet #1
Case Analysis Session 1 : Focus on Inspiring a Shared Vision (Principle #2)
Inspiring a shared vision has two main components [1] creating a vision through common purpose, and [2] enlisting or getting people ‘on board’ with the vision.
In your small groups, discuss and document your group’s response to the following questions. Upload your typed document into one of your group member’s D2L dropbox by the assigned due date on your course schedule. Be sure to include on your worksheet all group member names. If present in class, all group members will receive the same grade for this case analysis assignment (maximum 30 pts). Group peer evaluations will be used to determine overall individual group member participation points for both of these case study discussions (maximum 15 pts).
1. In what specific ways did Michael fail and/or succeed in ‘listening deeply’ to his employees?
2. In what specific ways did Michael show that he was not “open to influence?” How would Michael being open to influence have made him more effective, ( i.e., who were the “local experts” and how could he have benefited from them)?
3. When you consider the employees of Bedford Mower as they were before Michael arrived, how would you characterize them in terms of what was personally meaningful to them?
4. When creating his vision for the company, in what specific ways did Michael fail and/or succeed in ‘determining what was meaningful’ to his employees, and what was the impact?
5. What specific mechanisms, or opportunities did Michael have available to him for enlisting others?
6. To what extent did Michael take advantage of these? To what extent were they effective in terms of getting everyone on board with the new vision?
7. In thinking about his attempts to enlist others, in what ways did or didn’t Michael incorporate common ideals into his communication with his employees as it related to the new vision?
8. How successful was Michael in “animating the vision”? How would you characterize him in terms of his use of symbolic language, providing imagery of the future, practicing positive communication, expressing emotion, and speaking from the heart, in his communications to his employees?
9. What would you have done differently with this group of employees in terms of inspiring a shared vision?
Team Leadership Case
From Snowboards to Lawnmowers
Michael Francis, a man in his late 30s, born and raised in Oregon, was an avid snowboarder. He was known among his many friends and associates as a risk-taker, highly intelligent, innovative, a bit of a rebel, but an extremely smart businessman. When he was in his early 20s, he started his own snowboarding company designing and manufacturing what became known as some of the most cutting edge boards available. Having recently married a woman who was raised on the East coast, he decided to sell his company and move to Vermont where h ...
MG345_Lead from Middle.pptLeading from the Middle Exe.docxandreecapon
MG345_Lead from Middle.ppt
Leading from the Middle: Exerting Influence Sideways & Upward
MG345 Organizations & Environment
Tony Buono
Fall 2104
Unfreezing
Changing
Refreezing
Planned
Change
Guided
Changing
Freezing
Rebalancing/
Translating
Unfreezing/
Improvising
Directed
Change
Present
State
Desired
State
Conceptualizing Change Processes
Low
Low
High
High
Business Complexity
Socio-Technical
Uncertainty
Authority
Acceptance
Persuasive Communication
A Question of Rhythm?
Leadership Styles
TASK FOCUS
PEOPLE FOCUS
LEARNING FOCUS
ORGANIZATIONAL EMPHASIS
INDIVIDUAL EMPHASIS
Commanding (Coercive)
Pacesetter
Visionary
(Authoritative)
Affiliative
Democratic
Coaching
EQ Adaptive Ability
Across Styles
Managers as Linking Pins
Middle Management …
“… story of gradual disempowerment in which reasonably healthy, confident and competent people become transformed into anxious, tense, ineffective and self-doubting wrecks.”
Barry Oshry, “Converting Middle Powerlessness to Middle Power,” National Productivity Review
Intervening in the MiddleConceptualizing and Understanding One’s Sphere of InfluenceControllables v. UncontrollablesControlled (Contained) EmpowermentLooking for Opportunities in AmbiguityPursuing “Small Wins”
Source: A.F. Buono & A.J. Nurick, “Intervening in the Middle: Coping Strategies in Mergers and
Acquisitions,” Human Resource Planning, 1992, vol. 15, no. 2.
Lewin’s Force-Field Analysis
Status Quo
Change Drivers
Change Resisters
2-
C
H
A
N
G
I
N
G
1-UNFREEZING
3-REFREEZING
KEY:
Own versus
Induced Forces
Dealing with ResistanceApproachUseAdvantagesDisadvantagesEducation +
CommunicationLack of or inaccurate infoHelps to inform and persuadeTime consuming, especially if many people are involvedParticipation + InvolvementInitiators do not have all info; others have considerable power to resistParticipation leads to commitment; recipient info integrated into change planTime consuming; participators can design inappropriate changeFacilitation + SupportResistance due to adjustment problemsBest way to cope with adjustment issuesCan be time consuming; can still failNegotiationSomeone/group loses out and has power to resistRelatively easy was to avoid problemsCan be expensiveManipulationOther tactics don’t’ workQuick, inexpensiveShort-term utility, can lead to future problemsExplicit + Implicit CoercionSpeed; you have powerSimple, straightforwardShort-term benefits, can be risky; retribution
“Managing” Your Boss
Understand your boss
Goals & Needs Working Style
Strengths & Weaknesses
Understand yourself
Goals & Needs Working Style
Strengths & Weaknesses How you react to your boss?
What do you do to help/hurt your relat ...
MGMT 345
Phase 2 IPBusiness MemoTo:
Warehouse ManagerFrom:[Your Name]Date:February 25, 2015Re:
Effective Supply Chain Design
Enhancing Profitability and Stakeholder Value with Effective Supply Chain Design
Supply Chain Networks
Supply Chain Drivers
Supply Chains and Distribution of Assets and Resources
Supply Chain Visual
Figure 1: The Food Production Chain.(n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/images/food_production_chain_400px.jpg
References
Do not forget to put your references in alphabetical order (vertically, NOT horizontally) by author’s last name, and use only first initials, not first name. If one of your references begins with the word "The," put the rest of the name first and insert a comma, followed by the word The (example – Associated Press, The.).
Author's Last Name, First Initial. (year). Title of article/Internet page. Retrieved from http://complete URL here Do Not end with a period (EXAMPLE OF AN INTERNET SOURCE – IF NO DATE IS GIVEN ON THE INTERNET PAGE USE: (n.d.). IN PLACE OF THE YEAR.)
Author's Last Name, First Initial. (year). Title of book. City, ST: Publisher. (EXAMPLE OF A BOOK)
Author's Last Name, First Initial. (year, Season). Title of article. Magazine Name, 12(8), 27. (EXAMPLE OF A MAGAZINE ARTICLE - Note – only capitalize the proper nouns in the title of the article; capitalize all the words in the magazine name; the 12 is where the volume number goes, the 8 is where the issue number goes, the 27 is where the page number goes.)
Berube, M. S., ed. (1989). The American heritage dictionary. New York: Dell. (EXAMPLE OF A DICTIONARY)
Bird, I. (1973). A lady's life in the Rocky Mountains (Reprint ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. (EXAMPLE OF A BOOK)
Food Production Chain, The. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/images/food_production_chain_400px.jpg
Grant, A. M. & Berry, J. W. (2011). The necessity of others is the mother of invention: Intrinsic and prosocial motivations, perspective taking, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal.54 (1), 73-96. DOI: 10.5465/AMJ.2011.59215085 (EXAMPLE FROM OUR BONUS LIVE CHAT, PLEASE VIEW THE BONUS LIVE CHAT TO SEE HOW TO FORMAT A REFERENCE WHEN RESEARCHING FROM THE CTU LIBRARY, WHICH IS REQUIRED FOR THIS TASK)
Leonard, S. J., & Noel, T. J. (1990). Denver: Mining camp to metropolis. Niwot, CO: University Press of Colorado. (EXAMPLE OF A BOOK)
Morson, B., & Frazier, D. (2000, December 7). For years, brown cloud fouls Denver image [Electronic version]. Denver (Colorado) Rocky Mountain News. Retrieved October 3, 2002, from http://insidedenver.com/millennium/1207stone.shtml (EXAMPLE OF A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE FROM AN ONLINE VERSION OF THE NEWSPAPER)
National Jewish Medical & Research Center. (2001a, January 5). The 'Brown Cloud,' cold-induced asthma, winter allergies and seasonal affective disorder around the corner as winter approaches. Retrieved October 4, 2002, from http://www.njc.org/news/ winter1.html (EXAMPLE OF AN ORGANIZATION ...
MGMT 3720 – Organizational Behavior EXAM 3
(CH. 9, 10, 11, & 12)
Question 1
1.
While discussing their marketing campaign for a new product, the members of the cross-functional team responsible for Carver Inc. realized that a couple of changes relating to their prior plan would be beneficial. The offer of a franchising that had earlier been brushed off by the company head was discussed thoroughly and it was decided that it would be implemented on a trial basis initially, and on full scale if found to work well. From the information provided, it can be concluded that this cross-functional team has a high degree of ________.
Answer
reflexivity
uncertainty
diversity
conformity
demography
Question 2
1.
Max Hiller was recently hired by Sync, a consumer goods company. During his first meeting with the sales team, Max impressed upon his team that work performance is the only criterion he would use to evaluate them. To help them perform well and meet their targets, he pushed his team to work extra hours. He also gave very clear instructions to each member regarding their job responsibilities and continually verified if they were meeting their targets. Which of the following, if true, would weaken Max's approach?
Answer
Sales figures for the region that Max's team is responsible for have improved in the last quarter.
Max is leading many new employees who have joined his team directly after training.
Max's sales team is comprised of independent and experienced employees who are committed to their jobs.
Max's team functions in a sluggish manner and picks up pace only a week or so before the monthly operations cycle meetings.
Max's team does not display high levels of cohesiveness and members fail to coordinate with each other.
Question 3
1.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect of group cohesiveness and performance norms on group productivity?
Answer
When both cohesiveness and performance norms are high, productivity will be high.
The productivity of the group is affected by the performance norms but not by the cohesiveness of the group.
If cohesiveness is high and performance norms are low, productivity will be high.
When cohesiveness is low and performance norms are also low, productivity will be high.
If cohesiveness is low and performance norms are high, productivity will be low.
Question 4
1.
Neutralizers make it impossible for leader behavior to make any difference to follower outcomes.
Answer
True
False
Question 5
1.
Communication includes both the transfer and the understanding of meaning.
Answer
True
False
Question 6
1.
According to the path-goal theory, directive leadership is likely to be welcomed and accepted by employees with high ability or considerable experience.
Answer
True
False
Question 7
1.
Before buying her new phone, Gina listed the various requirements her new phone must meet. As a wedding planner, much of her work revolved around usin ...
MGM316-1401B-01Quesadra D. GoodrumClass Discussion Phase2.docxandreecapon
MGM316-1401B-01
Quesadra D. Goodrum
Class Discussion Phase2
Colorado Technical University
Professor: Edmund Winters
4/07/2014
In an ever-changing world, intercultural business communication is one of the most vital aspects of carrying out business in foreign countries. We are set up to fail if we enter into foreign business agreements blindly. In the absence of proper communication skills, cultural awareness comes into play knowing the culture in which we are dealing. All of your concepts you may have grown up with and ideas that you have formed beforehand need to be thrown away and cast to the side. Your concepts and ideas in these business meetings will only be as effective as your communication skills. If your communications skills are weak so will be your presentation of your projected business plan. If I was going to develop a training program on the same, my lesson plan would look as illustrated below:
I. Class Objectives: The goals or objectives for class include understanding how language affects intercultural business communications and learning about different cultures and how they communicate when conducting business activities.
II. Connection to Course Goals: The class’s daily objectives will connect to the overall course goals by dealing with one topic at a time.
III. Anticipatory Set: What is usually involved in intercultural business communication and how should one behave if relocated to foreign countries such as United Arab Emirates, Mexico, China and Israel?
IV. Cultural Awareness
V. High vs. Low Context Cultures
VI. Language: Verbal vs. Non-Verbal
VII. Conversational Taboos
VIII. Interaction: Ethical/Unethical awareness
IX. Conclusion: connecting the objectives
My developed training program will help my students target and grasp the importance of the concepts listed and how they connect to one another. You will need to know a number of things regarding Cultural Awareness, High vs. Low Context Cultures, and Verbal vs. Non-Verbal, Conversational Taboos, and Interaction Ethical/Unethical awareness, and connecting the objectives. “Low context language is where things are fully spelled out or made explicit where there is also considerable dependence on what is actually being said or written (Gibson, 2002).” Western cultures tend to be inclined more toward low context language while Eastern and
Southern cultures are more inclined to use high context language (LeBaron, 2003).“High context language is whereby communicators assume a great deal of commonality of opinions and knowledge so that not much is made explicit (Novinger, 2001).” In other words, communication is in indirect ways. It is of crucial importance for business individuals venturing overseas to learn more about the business culture and etiquette present in countries such as Mexico, China, United Arab Emirates and Israel as they are not the same as the American business culture.
International Business Communication
Understanding other cultures tend to greatly enh ...
METROPOLITAN PLANNING ANDENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESn May 2008, the N.docxandreecapon
METROPOLITAN PLANNING AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
n May 2008, the Nobel Prize–winning economist Paul Krugman was in Berlin, and
he wrote an Op-Ed piece for the New York Times that began, “I have seen the future,
and it works.” He went on to extol “this marvelous urban environment” with its pitchperfect
public transportation servicing medium height high-rise buildings embedded
in a larger urban-scape of commercial service establishments and green areas. He then
commented: “It’s the kind of neighborhood in which people don’t have to drive a lot,
but it’s also a kind of neighborhood that barely exists in America, even in big metropolitan
areas. Greater Atlanta has roughly the same population as greater Berlin—but
Berlin is a city of trains, buses and bikes, while Atlanta is a city of cars, cars and cars.”
The Nobel Prize winner is speaking here not as an objective scientist, but as another
tourist from America, and one who subscribes to the subjective bias against suburban
sprawl. As any other observant visitor to Berlin can attest, he leaves out other aspects of
the experience: the mixed groups of drug addicts loitering around select public places
including open-air heroin users and speed freaks; Nazi skinheads roaming the very
community transportation corridors Krugman lauds; sectors of the city that could be
called slums in the American style, except that the housing is better maintained and
the streets are cleaner; and, despite the popularity of Berlin, an increasing and denser
development of the region outside the city for the kind of single-family homes that are
most characteristic of the United States and that he seems to dislike despite the fact
that he probably lives in one back in Princeton, N.J., where he is a professor.
To be sure, Krugman has an excellent point and his comparison between Berlin
and Atlanta is well taken. However, any tourist comparing American and European
urban development patterns for public consumption, such as this Op-Ed columnist,
must be held responsible for pointing out the single most important reason for the
contrast. Simply put, European cities have fought sprawl and have a more “rational”
public mode of living that includes clustered high-rises and efficient public transportation
precisely because in Europe planners have political power and leverage over
land use built by profit seekers. America has nothing comparable because Americans
321
I
dislike public housing and government planning and are generally opposed to government
regulation and intervention. The fundamental ideological divide between these
societies could not be more different. Witness the frustrating and irrational response
average U.S. citizens have made in opposition to government-sponsored health insurance
during the summer of 2009. European countries adopted universal health care,
in contrast, scores of years ago. At about the same time, in the post–World War II era,
they also sanctioned local and national planning schemes for housing and ...
Methods of Moral Decision Making REL 330 Christian Moralit.docxandreecapon
Methods of Moral Decision Making
REL 330 Christian Morality
Acquisition of Christian Based Ethical Truth comes from:
1. Written Revelation – the Bible
2. Natural Law
· Human reason is capable of divine ethical truth.
· Human kind made in the image of God is therefore capable of understanding ethical standards revealed in nature.
· Natural tendency for self-preservation, avoidance of pain, defense of children.
3. The Church - A. Narrative component : Stories and images,
B. Normative component: Rules/guidelines
C. Church functions to assist with character development by teaching,
through community, and imagination (raises to new acute awareness &
understanding)
How we decide is a matter of style:
Rule-Based or Deontological Theories of Ethics (Rule or duty based)
A. Divine Command/Absolutism –
Our behavior, actions and moral decisions are based on God’s will.
How do we determine the will of God?
Based on our experience of God and our understanding of the nature of
God.
God is good. We need an understanding of what the Good is.
Do we follow God’s command out of fear or out of love?
Which is more important the rule or the intention?
The problem with moral decision making arises when in a particular situation one needs to choose between protecting one’s own life and the life of another. Complex situations in our nuclear age make it difficult to determine the greater good or the lesser of two evils in many cases.
B. Immanuel Kant’s “Categorical Imperative” - another of the deontological or rule based theories of ethics that may help in ethical reasoning-
His theory states “Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.” Also persons are not to be a means to an end. (Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, 1785; cited in Rachels, 115)
C. Social Contract Theories- a belief that moral judgments are simply conventions determined by a particular society. How this works is evident in the “Peace Child.”
D. Critical Realism- is a method thatasserts that our knowledge of the world refers to the-way-things-really-are, but in a partial fashion which will necessarily be revised as that knowledge develops. Critical Realism attempts to find the real good through dialogue and reason between the ideal rule or norm and the reality of the present world.
Teleological or goal-based theories of Ethical Reasoning- (Also known as consequentialism)
A. Ethical Egoism- a moral act is what benefits me.
B. Utilitarianism- a moral act is what causes the greatest amount of happiness for the most people concerned, i.e.,
· Right actions are those with best consequences.
· In assessing “best consequences” the amount of happiness or unhappiness caused is the only relevant consideration.
· Each person’s welfare is equally important
C. Emotivism- moral judgments ar ...
METHODS TO STOP DIFFERENT CYBER CRIMES .docxandreecapon
METHODS TO STOP DIFFERENT CYBER CRIMES 1
Methods to Stop Different Cyber Crimes
People must be well-informed regarding internet scams and certain vulnerabilities, which permit them to occur sooner or later. With education, they will be in a situation to help in prevention of such scams successfully (Hynson, 2012). It is imperative for people to be familiar with attempts of cybercrimes and to comprehend correct solutions in internet practices and solutions. People will learn with education how to put into practice proper security protocols. When they develop into social media savvy people and when they learn how to safe guard their computer devices, cybercriminals will encounter multiple layers of security, which will limit their illegal activities substantially.
Firewalls have the capability to protect users and their network devices against cyber criminals in the first instance of a attempted breach (Lehto,2013). A firewall monitors the interchange between a local network or the internet and a user’s computer. The firewall should be enabled through the security software or a router. Cybercriminals will be unable to use the interchange traffic to install malware, which is intended to compromise the user’s network and computer. If more people would use firewalls, hackers would be at a chief disadvantage due to being unable to navigate deeper into a system to obtain sensitive information and eventually, cybercrime would be lessened for a time.
Users need to analyze their operating and online systems continually so they can resolve vulnerabilities (Hynson, 2012). Internal accounting information or protocols, which lead to financial information or bank statements, should be checked on a regular basis in order to recognize the risks and mitigate them accordingly. It is very difficult for people to curb the flow of cybercrimes if they are ignorant of the risks in which they face or the weaknesses, which exist within their systems.
One successful way of slowing the actions of cyber criminals is by acting like them. This requires law enforcement agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to assign special undercover agents to gain access to clubs or groups of cyber criminals so they can investigate their steps (Hynson, 2012). The investigation method will become more effective by identifying the source of the problem and in developing a stronger strategy to cripple the efforts of the criminals.
Cyber criminals can hack into systems without difficulty when they encounter uncomplicated passwords. Users should use passwords with at least 10 or more characters so they can amplify the complexity of logging into the computer system (Lehto, 2013). It also helps top add in capital letters and special characters to increase the complexity of a password. In addition, different accounts should have dissimilar ID’s or password combinations to avoid giving hackers ac ...
Mexico The Third War Security Weekly Wednesday, February 18.docxandreecapon
Mexico: The Third War
Security Weekly Wednesday, February 18, 2009 - 13:23 Print Text Size
By Fred Burton and Scott Stewart
Mexico has pretty much always been a rough-and
-tumble place. In recent years, however, the
security environment has deteriorated rapidly, and
parts of the country have become incredibly
violent. It is now common to see military
weaponry such as fragmentation grenades and
assault rifles used almost daily in attacks.
In fact, just last week we noted two separate
strings of grenade attacks directed against police
in Durango and Michoacan states. In the
Michoacan incident, police in Uruapan and Lazaro Cardenas were targeted by three grenade attacks during a 12-hour period.
Then on Feb. 17, a major firefight occurred just across the border from the United States in Reynosa, when Mexican
authorities attempted to apprehend several armed men seen riding in a vehicle. The men fled to a nearby residence and
engaged the pursuing police with gunfire, hand grenades and rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs). After the incident, in which
five cartel gunmen were killed and several gunmen, cops, soldiers and civilians were wounded, authorities recovered a 60 mm
mortar, five RPG rounds and two fragmentation grenades.
Make no mistake, considering the military weapons now being used in Mexico and the number of deaths involved, the country
is in the middle of a war. In fact, there are actually three concurrent wars being waged in Mexico involving the Mexican drug
cartels. The first is the battle being waged among the various Mexican drug cartels seeking control over lucrative smuggling
corridors, called plazas. One such battleground is Ciudad Juarez, which provides access to the Interstate 10, Interstate 20 and
Interstate 25 corridors inside the United States. The second battle is being fought between the various cartels and the Mexican
government forces who are seeking to interrupt smuggling operations, curb violence and bring the cartel members to justice.
Then there is a third war being waged in Mexico, though because of its nature it is a bit more subdued. It does not get the
same degree of international media attention generated by the running gun battles and grenade and RPG attacks. However, it
is no less real, and in many ways it is more dangerous to innocent civilians (as well as foreign tourists and business travelers)
than the pitched battles between the cartels and the Mexican government. This third war is the war being waged on the
Mexican population by criminals who may or may not be involved with the cartels. Unlike the other battles, where cartel
members or government forces are the primary targets and civilians are only killed as collateral damage, on this battlefront,
civilians are squarely in the crosshairs.
The Criminal Front
There are many different shapes and sizes of criminal gangs in Mexico. While many of them are in some way related to the
drug cartels, others have various types of c ...
Mercy College Principles of Management
Professor Tormey
Shadow-A-Company Term Project
The EXACT POWERPOINT sequence or order for your report should be as follows:
1. The Company’s Name
2. The Company’s Logo
3. The Company’s Mission Statement
4. Is the company living up to its stated objectives
5. What additional businesses should this company possibly explore entering?
6. The Company’s three (3) main competitors
7. A picture of, and the name of, the following: the Chairman, the President, the CEO and the CFO
8. The Stock Symbol and Exchange that it is traded on
9. The company’s recent stock price
10. The number of company employees worldwide
11. The location of the company’s corporate headquarters (city/state only)
12. The company’s yearly sales for 2012 in billions of dollars
13. The company’s yearly profit for 2012 in millions/billions of dollars
14. The company’s…STRENGTHS
15. The company’s…WEAKNESSES
16. The company’s…OPPORTUNITIES
17. The company’s…THREATS
18. Several of the company’s STAR product’s and or division’s
19. Several of the company’s CASH COW product’s and or division’s
20. The company’s QUESTION MARK’S product’s and or division’s
21. The company’s DOG product’s and or division’s
22. IMPORTANTLY… a statement from EACH student of exactly what each of you have learned while completing this research project
Shadow-A-Company Analysis
A process by which a student evaluates the products and businesses making up their assigned company.
Portfolio AnalysisPurpose of portfolio analysis:
Resources are directed toward more profitable businesses while weaker ones are phased out or dropped.Standard portfolio analysis evaluates SBUs on two important dimensions:
Attractiveness of SBU’s market or industry.
Strength of SBU’s position within that market or industry.
Figure 2.2:
The BCG Growth-Share Matrix
BCG Growth-Share MatrixStars: High-share of high-growth market.
Strategy: Build into cash cow via investment.Cash cows: High-share of low-growth market.
Strategies: Maintain or harvest for cash to build STARS.Question marks: Low-share of high-growth market.
Strategies: Build into STAR via investment OR reallocate funding and let slip into DOG status.Dogs: Low-share of low-growth market.
Strategies: Maintain or divest.
Figure 2.7:
SWOT Analysis
Mercy College Principles of Management
Professor Tormey
Shadow-A-Company Term Project
Each student will be assigned a specific company to closely monitor and study throughout the duration of the semester.
On our final class meeting date, you will be required to s ...
MGMT 301 EOY Group” Case Study and Power Point Presentation G.docxandreecapon
MGMT 301 EOY “Group” Case Study and Power Point Presentation Grade Sheet-
Group Name: _____________________________ Time of class__________________
Total Paper should be 8-10 pages in length- this includes preliminary or prefatory section
No indentations for paragraphs- single spacing with double spacing in-between paragraphs
APA citations need to be used as your guide for citing reference material!
Preliminary or prefatory section- (this section has different page numbering, ii,iii,etc)
Title Page
Page ii-Table of Contents/ and List of Illustrations/Figures/Tables (10 points) ________
Page iii- Executive Summary- use bullets/ and bold headings (10 points) ________
Body of Paper and Analysis of Case Study and Questions and Answers – (starts w/page 1)
Page 1- Introduction- Starts on Page 1 and is at least ¼ to ½ page (5 points) ________
Page Numbering- After Introduction start your research paper…
Body of paper should be 5-8 pages in length
Research used in your paper
You will need to use at least “Five” different research cites! (50 points)________
You need to include “Five” different areas of analysis
Example: Motivation, Communication, Leadership, etc. (Chapters from your book)
Two Charts or Graphs in body of paper (5 points each) (10 points)________
They both need to be properly cited! (Heading)( Figure 1 or 2)(Source: citation)
Recommendation/Conclusion – (10 points)________
Reference Page- cite all you references on a separate sheet (5 points)________
100 POINTS TOTAL_________________
Points to be deducted in each category:
Poor: Headings, Sub-Heading or lack of Bold Headings (5 points)_________
Poor: Grammar- Sentence Structure - Formatting of Paragraphs (5 points)_________
Poor: Citation of your research material (10 points)_________
WRITTEN PAPERWORTH 100 POINTS TOTAL _______________
Power point Presentation - NOT MORE THAN 10 MINUTES!- Please do voice-over or camera
(Call eCampus or Tech-help or blackboard for assistance with your power point presentation)
Appropriate Business Attire for Presentation--points will be taken off for poor attire
Was there an opening statement? (10 points) ________
Clear - Easy to read - Eye appealing (10 points) ________
Not more than 7 lines per slide and 7 words in a line on a slide
Did you engage your audience?
Voice, clarity, clarity, volume, speed, poise and confidence (10 points) ________
Two graphs in your presentation- must be cited correctly (10 points)________
Was there a conclusion slide and statement? (10 points__________
Points will be taken off if:
Speed of presentation, (too fast or too slow) (up to 5 points) ________
“UHMS” and “H’S” – (1 point for every 10)________
POWER POINTWORTH 50 POINTS TOTAL________
ENTIRE PAPERWORTH 150 POINTS TOTAL__________
CASE
3 Building a Coali ...
MGMT 464New Manager’s Case Study Case Analysis Worksheet #.docxandreecapon
MGMT 464
New Manager’s Case Study
Case Analysis Worksheet #2
Team Case Analysis Session 2: Enable Others To Act (Principle # 4)
Enabling others to act has two main components [1] fostering collaboration, and [2] strengthening others.
In your small groups, discuss and document your group’s response to the following questions. Upload your typed document into one of your group member’s D2L dropbox by the assigned due date on your course schedule. Be sure to include on your worksheet all group member names. If present in class, all group members will receive the same grade for this case analysis assignment (maximum 30 pts). Group peer evaluations will be used to determine overall individual group member participation points for both these case discussions (maximum 15 pts).
1. In what specific ways did Mark create a climate of distrust?
2. In what ways did Mark fail to “set the example” in his work role? What was the impact of his failure to be a good role model for his employees?
3. What type of relevant information and resources did he not share with his employees? What was the impact?
4. In what ways had the former supervisor built his employees’ sense of competence? How did Mark later undermine the employees’ sense of competence?
5. In what ways did the employees demonstrate accountability before Mark took over?
6. What kind of expectations of his employees did Mark communicate, and how did this become a self-fulfilling prophecy (The Pygmalion Effect)?
7. What employee obstacles were apparent in the case that Mark ignored? What actions could he have taken to remove these obstacles?
8. In what sense did the employees have a sense of job meaning and impact before Mark arrived? How did Mark’s actions lead to a decreased sense of job meaning and impact for the employees?
9. What would you have done differently with this group of employees in terms of empowerment and fostering collaboration?
Problems: Answer each question
1. A quality control expert is called in to determine whether a newly installed machine is meeting quality standards in producing a particular cotton cloth according to the specifications set by the manufacturer. The mean warp-breaking strength of this particular cotton cloth has been established to be 66 pounds. A random sample of 36 pieces of cotton cloth is obtained from a production run on this machine. The results of the sample reveal a mean warp-breaking strength of 64.5 pounds and a standard deviation of 5 pounds. Can the quality control expert make the decision that the cotton produced on the new machine meets the warp-breaking specification of the manufacturer at the .05 level of significance?
2. The personnel director of a large insurance company is interested in reducing the turnover rate of data processing clerks in the first year of employment. Past records indicate that 25% of all new hires in this area are no longer employed at the end of one year. Extensive new training approaches are im ...
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
Manifest-Version: 1.0
.classpath
PriorityQueue.classpublicsynchronizedclass PriorityQueue {
Heap q;
public void PriorityQueue(int, java.util.Comparator);
public Object peek();
public Object remove();
void add(Object);
boolean isEmpty();
public int size();
}
PriorityQueue.javaPriorityQueue.javaimport java.util.Comparator;
publicclassPriorityQueue<E>{
Heap q;
/**
*PriorityQueue initializes the queue.
*
* @param initialCapacity an int that is the heaps initial size.
* @param comparator the priority of various imputs.
*/
publicPriorityQueue(int initialCapacity,Comparator<?super E> comparator){
q=newHeap(initialCapacity,comparator);
}
/**
* Peek, returns the next item in the queue without removing it.
*
* If it is empty then null is returned.
* @return the next item in the queue.
*/
public E peek(){
if(q.size()==0){
returnnull;
}
return(E) q.findMax();
}
/**
* This removes the first item from the queue.
*
* It returns null if the queue is empty.
* @return the first item in the queue.
*/
public E remove(){
if(q.size()==0){
returnnull;
}
return(E) q.removeMax();
}
/**
* This adds item to the queue
* @param item that is added to the queue.
*/
void add(E item){
q.insert(item);
}
/**
* isEmpty returns if the queue is empty or not.
*
* @return boolean if the queue is empty or not.
*/
boolean isEmpty(){
if(q.size()!=0){
returnfalse;
}
returntrue;
}
/**
* size returns the size of the queue.
*
* @return int the size of the queue.
*/
publicint size(){
return q.size();
}
}
ArithmeticExpression.classpublicsynchronizedclass ArithmeticExpression {
BinaryTree t;
java.util.ArrayList list;
String equation;
void ArithmeticExpression(String) throws java.text.ParseException;
public String toString(BinaryTree);
public String toPostfixString(BinaryTree);
void setVariable(String, int) throws java.rmi.NotBoundException;
public int evaluate(BinaryTree);
}
ArithmeticExpression.javaArithmeticExpression.javaimport java.rmi.NotBoundException;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Stack;
/**
* ArithmeticExpression takes equations in the form of strings creates a binary
* tree, and can return either the regular or postfix equation. It also allows
* them to be calculated.
*
*
* Extra Credit:
* ** it can handle spaces or no spaces in the string inputted. ** it can return
* regular or postfix notation
*
* @author tai-lanhirabayashi
*
*/
publicclassArithmeticExpression{
BinaryTree t;
ArrayList list;
String equation;
/**
* ArithmeticExpression is the construction which takes in a space
* delimitated equation containing "*,/,+,-" symbols and converts it into a
* binary tree.
*
* If the expression is not valid it will throw a ParseException. This is ...
Menu Management Options· · APRN504 - 5886 - HEALTH POLICY .docxandreecapon
Menu Management Options
·
·
APRN504 - 5886 - HEALTH POLICY AND LEADERSHIP - Spring2016
· Home Page
· Announcements
· Syllabus
· Discussions
· Weekly news update
· Assignments
· Sign up Wiki
· Writing Information
· Groups
· Week One
· PowerPoint Week #1
· PowerPoints Week #1
· Week Two: Information
· Week Three
· PowerPoint:Week #3 Policy
· PowerPoint-Communication
· PowerPoint: SS
· Week Four
· PowerPoint: Finances
· PowerPoint-Ethics
· Week Five
· Week Six
· Week Seven
· Week Eight
· PowerPoint: Lobbying
· Week Nine
· PowerPoint:Workplace
· Week Ten
· Week Eleven
· PowerPoint:Centers
· PP: Putting it Together
· Week Twelve
· Week Thirteen
· Week Fourteen
· Week Fifteen
· APA Links
· Help
· Tools
PowerPoint Week #1
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Content
·
Social Determinants of Health
·
One view of the ACA
·
Another view of ACA
Remember South Carolina did NOT take the Medicaid expansion.
·
South Carolina and Medicaid
·
The IOM and Nursing
· Nursing and Politics
·
Mentoring
·
The Difference in Political Philosophy
·
Policy Process
GRADING RUBRICS:
Journals: The Journals should be a synopsis of ALL your required readings and PowerPoints. These papers are three to six pages long and include a reference page. Tell me what you learned. Failure to cover any aspect of the information will result is loss of points. APA format is required so remember your title page. The required APA textbook has examples from pages 41-59. Spelling and grammar issues will result in loss of points. Late Submissions: Minus 10 points/day.
Forum: Discussion Board
Organize Forum Threads on this page and apply settings to several or all threads. Threads are listed in a tabular format. The Threads can be sorted by clicking the column title or the caret at the top of each column. More Help
Content
Top of Form
This is a 'post-first' discussion forum.
There are currently 18 threads in this forum. Join the conversation by creating a thread!
Create Thread
Forum Description
Introduce yourself. Tell us your background and what track you are currently in. Have you had any experience with politics, leadership or political events? What do you hope to gain from this course? What are your concerns about taking a hybid course? What do you wish other people knew about you? Where do you hope to be five years from now? What has been your experience in a Political Group (ANA, SCNA, ANCC, ACNP, SCMA, Republican Party, Democratic Party, etc) and the role they play in politics? Inform us of what district you live in, who is your current represenative and senator for your district. A meaningful response to two classmates and facilitation of a dialog is an expectation for the discussion board. You can not post "I agree" or "I disagree". A discussion is like a ball being tossed back and forth. If you ask questions of your classmates you facilitate dialog. The discussion Boards are open for two weeks and close on Sundays at 11:59 pm. Do not wait until the last minute to post becaus ...
MGMT 673 Problem Set 51. For each of the following economic cond.docxandreecapon
MGMT 673 Problem Set 5
1. For each of the following economic conditions, place an X in the table to indicate the appropriate range in the Aggregate Supply Curve
Condition
Keynesian
Intermediate
Classical
Unemployment is above the historical average
The nation’s factories are running at capacity
Any increase in GDP will be accompanied by high inflation
The nation is suffering through a severe recession
A mid-point in the business cycle expansion phase
GDP can increase without an increase in the Price Index
2. Many exogenous factors can cause a shift in the Aggregate Supply Curve. For each of the following factors, place an X in the table to indicate how the AS curve would shift.
Factor
AS shift right
(increase in AS)
AS shift left
(decrease in AS)
World oil prices increase substantially
Environmental Protection Agency enacts broad pollution restrictions
Business taxes are reduced
Internal combustion engine fuel efficiencies are greatly increased
Adverse winter weather persists for months more the normal
New restrictions slow immigration
Federal minimum wage is increased by 30%
3. Earlier we learned that Demand, which we now call Aggregate Demand, is comprised of 4 components: Consumption (C), Investment (I), Government spending (G), and Net Exports (NE). Any exogenous factor that increases any of the component(s) will also increase Aggregate Demand. For each of the following, place an X to indicate the component affected and an R (increase) or and L (decrease) to show whether the AD curve shifts Right or Left. Consider only the primary effect.
Factor
C
I
G
NE
R or L
Real interest rate decreases
Consumers and executives become more confident in the economic future
The stock market rises
China’s economic growth slows
Congress increases spending for in the current fiscal year
Tariffs are imposed by many countries to protect domestic employment
The US Import/Export bank eliminates guarantees for loans to foreign airlines to purchase Boeing aircraft
Congress enacts tax incentives for firms purchasing new equipment and facilities
4. For each of the following government economic actions, place an X in the table to indicate whether the action is fiscal or monetary policy.
Action
Monetary
Fiscal
Taxes are increased on the wealthiest 1% of households
The Fed purchases Mortgage-backed securities (MBS)
The US Treasury borrows money to finance increased government spending
The federal government provides a rebate to first time home buyers
The President signs and enacts the Affordable Care Act
The Fed promises to keep interest rates near zero for an extended time
5. For each of the following government actions, insert the original and shifted AD curve. Insert an arrow to show the shift in the AD curve. Here’s an example:
GDP
Price
Index
Real GDP
AS
a. While in a steep recession, the federal government enacts a stimulus program of increased spending and r ...
Mental Illness Stigma and the Fundamental Components ofSuppo.docxandreecapon
Mental Illness Stigma and the Fundamental Components of
Supported Employment
Patrick W. Corrigan, Jonathon E. Larson, and Sachiko A. Kuwabara
Illinois Institute of Psychology
Purpose/Objective: The success of supported employment programs will partly depend on the endorse-
ment of stigma in communities in which the programs operate. In this article, the authors examine 2
models of stigma—responsibility attribution and dangerousness—and their relationships to components
of supported employment—help getting a job and help keeping a job. Research Method/Design: A
stratified and randomly recruited sample (N � 815) completed responses to a vignette about “Chris,” a
person alternately described with mental illness, with drug addiction, or in a wheelchair. Research
participants completed items that represented responsibility and dangerousness models. They also
completed items representing 2 fundamental aspects of supported employment: help getting a job or help
keeping a job. Results: When participants viewed Chris as responsible for his condition (e.g., mental
illness), they reacted to him in an angry manner, which in turn led to lesser endorsement of the 2 aspects
of supported employment. In addition, people who viewed Chris as dangerous feared him and wanted to
stay away from him, even in settings where people with mental illness might work. Conclusions/
Implications: Implications for understanding supported employment are discussed.
Keywords: stigma, supported employment, discrimination
The disabilities of serious mental illness can block people from
obtaining important life goals, including a good job. Several kinds
of vocational rehabilitation programs have emerged to address
work-related disabilities. Some of these approaches are known as
train-place strategies (Corrigan & McCracken, 2005). Through an
education-based strategy, in train-place programs, participants
must learn prevocational and work readiness skills before they are
placed in work settings. These work settings are often sheltered;
that is, the job is “owned” by a rehabilitation agency, which can
protect participants from stressors (Corrigan, 2001). Alternatively,
supported employment is place-train in orientation. People are
placed in real-world work and subsequently provided training and
support to address problems as they emerge, thereby helping a
person to maintain a regular job. The latter group has dominated
recent supported employment models for people with psychiatric
disabilities (Bond et al., 2001; Bond, Becker, Drake, & Vogler, 1997).
Some forms of supported employment recommend rapid placement
of people in work settings of interest to them (Becker & Drake, 2003).
Unlike train-place programs, supported employment does not
try to protect people with disabilities from the work world (Cor-
rigan, 2001; Corrigan & McCracken, 2005). Instead, providers
offer direct support in vivo. This kind of approach is more suc-
cessful in communities where the intent of supported ...
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5. Copy and paste the disclosure note that relates to Taxation. (Note - not the one that appears in Significant Accounting Policies)
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Mexico, Page 1 Running Head MEXICO’S CULTURAL, ECONOMI.docx
1. Mexico, Page 1
Running Head: MEXICO’S CULTURAL, ECONOMICAL, AND
POLITICAL STATE
Mexico’s Cultural, Economical, and Political State
For
Firms Pursuing Business In or With Mexico
By
Kashmala Khan
For
Athena Miklos, Professor
ECN 2025-102947
Tuesdays and Thursdays, 10:00-11:20 AM
College of Southern Maryland
La Plata, Maryland
November 15, 2012
2. Mexico, Page 2
Summary
Before a firm does business in Mexico it is imperative to
understand the achievements
and pitfalls of its cultural, economic, and political forces.
Although Mexico has improved
substantially with its technological development, investment
policies, foreign exchange policies,
and tariffs, it still has significant pitfalls when it comes to
honoring contracts, legal framework,
and enforcing laws.
The cultural forces of Mexico are largely dependent on social
structure. Mexicans respect
authority and look to those above them for guidance and
decision-making. This makes it
important to know which person is in charge, and leads to an
authoritarian approach to decision-
making and problem solving. Since 92.7% of the total
population in Mexico speaks Spanish
3. only, it will be beneficial to learn Spanish or have a translator
at hand at all times. Shared culture
makes it easier to market and sell goods and services.
The economic forces in Mexico offer both favorable and
unfavorable qualities. Mexico is
currently the second largest export market for U.S. goods. Some
of the greatest achievements of
economic forces include physical infrastructures,
telecommunication systems, production
capabilities, and technology. The unfavorable qualities of the
economic forces include high
employment rate and unskilled labor.
The political forces in Mexico also play a great role in
opportunities and pitfalls. The
opportunities include efficient settlements to disputes and
reasonable trade regulations and
standards. The pitfalls include wars and terrorism caused by the
drug wars and cartels.
There are numerous opportunities for firms in the Textiles and
Clothing industry of
Mexico. A firm should be knowledgeable about the cultural
differences in Mexican people in
4. Mexico, Page 3
order to undergo business successfully. A firm should also be
aware of the potential profit
Mexico has to offer, as well as the potential problems. To
conclude from this research, U.S.
firms should enter the Textiles and Clothing industry in Mexico
because there are a lot of
opportunities and the Mexican economy will further expand in
the near future.
Mexico, Page 4
Introduction
5. This paper will review and relay the most recent information
regarding Mexico’s cultural,
economic, and political forces. The objective of this paper is to
assist firms who are interested in
entering the Textiles and Clothing industry in Mexico by
portraying the opportunities, issues,
and pros and cons of doing business in Mexico. The Social
Process Triangle Model was used to
analyze the environment. As a whole, it represents the big
picture of modern Mexico’s Textiles
and Clothing industry. The triangle is divided into three sub-
triangles, which are the Cultural
Forces, Economic Forces, and the Political Forces.
The sub-triangle, Cultural Forces, will discuss the cultural
forces that are contributing to
Mexico’s social process. This consists of factors such as
population, education, social structure,
family roles, the basis for a value system, and customs that are
practiced in Mexico. The sub-
triangle, Economic Forces, will discuss Mexico’s economic
forces that affect its social process.
This includes factors such as GDP, the selling of U.S. goods
and services, distribution systems,
6. financial services, capital resources, property ownership and the
workforce. Lastly, the sub
triangle, Political Forces, will portray the political forces that
influence Mexico’s social process.
This will include factors such as balance of payments, political
stability, trade regulations and
standards, laws regarding trade and commerce, Government
procurement, corruption, and
foreign trade controls. The information from this paper will
determine the outlook for firms
wanting to do business in the Textiles and Clothing industry of
Mexico.
Cultural Forces
Mexico is the eleventh most populous country in the world. The
population count in
Mexico is 114,975,406 people. Among the population, 27.8%
are between the ages of 0-14,
Mexico, Page 5
65.5% are between the ages of 15-64, and 6.7% are age 65 and
over. The median age in Mexico
is 27.4 years (CIA, 2012). According to this population data,
currently there are not as many
7. people that live up to be over the age of 65 years old. The urban
population consists of 78% of
the total population (CIA, 2012). Mexico City is the second-
largest urban agglomeration in the
Western Hemisphere, after Sao Paulo (Brazil), but before New
York-Newark (US). The
populations in the major cities in Mexico are 19.319 million in
Mexico City; 4.338 million in
Guadalajara; 3.838 million in Monterrey; and 2.278 million in
Puebla. With a growth rate of
1.086%, the population has remained essentially unchanged for
several years. Mexico’s birth rate
is 18.87 births out of 1,000 population and its death rate is 4.9
deaths out of 1,000 population
(CIA, 2012).
Mexico currently has a literacy rate of 86.1%, where literacy is
defined as those age 15
and over who can read and write. 86.9% of the males and 85.3%
of the female populations in
Mexico are literate (CIA, 2012). An average citizen spends 14
years in school from primary to
tertiary education. The net enrollment ratio for both males and
females in primary school is 94%.
8. The net enrollment ratio in secondary schools for males is 71%
and 72% for females. In tertiary
education, such as, College, University, and Vocational School,
females have a higher net
enrollment ratio than the males. The net enrollment in tertiary
schools for males is 36% and 46%
for females (UIS Statistics, 2010). This shows that the women
go further in education than the
men in this society.
Mexico is broadly a middle class society. Steady economic
growth rates, more open and
competitive markets, and the smaller families that result from
sharply declining fertility rates are
responsible for the country’s expanding, prosperous middle
class (Foreign Affairs, 2012). The
family is at the centre of the Mexican social structure. Mexican
society and business are highly
Mexico, Page 6
stratified and vertically structured. Mexicans emphasize
hierarchical relationships and the people
respect authority and look to those above them for guidance and
decision-making. It would be
9. disrespectful to break the chain of hierarchy. Furthermore, rank
is important, and those above
you in rank must always be treated with respect. This makes it
important to know which person
is in charge, and leads to an authoritarian approach to decision-
making and problem solving.
Mexicans are very aware of how each individual fits into each
hierarchy, be it family, friends or
business (Kwintessentials, 2010). The family roles in Mexico
are the same throughout Mexican
culture.
First, Mexicans consider it their duty and responsibility to help
family members.
Secondly, mothers are greatly revered, but their role may be
seen as secondary to that of their
husband. Outside of the major cosmopolitan cities, families are
still generally large. The
extended family is as important as the nuclear family since it
provides a sense of stability. Most
Mexican families are extremely traditional, with the father as
the head, the authority figure and
the decision-maker (Kwintessentials, 2010). Religion in Mexico
is dominated by Roman
10. Catholics, which consists of 76.5% of the total population.
However, 5.2% is Protestant, 1.1% is
Jehovah's Witnesses, other is 0.3%, unspecified is 13.8%, and
people with no religion make up
3.1% of the population (CIA, 2012).
Customs in Mexico consist of a meeting etiquette, gift-giving
etiquette, dining etiquette,
and business etiquette. Meeting etiquettes included waiting until
invited before using a Mexican's
first name; women pat each other on the right forearm or
shoulder in greeting situations; and men
shake hands every time they meet with each other until they
know that person well. Gift-giving
etiquettes include bringing a gift such as flowers or sweets
when invited to a Mexican’s house,
and if you receive a gift, open it and react enthusiastically.
Dining etiquettes include keeping
Mexico, Page 7
your hands visible while eating and leaving some food on your
plate after a meal. Business
etiquettes include making business appointments at least 2
weeks in advance and having all
11. written material available in both English and Spanish
(Kwintessentials, 2010).
According to all of the information about Mexico’s cultural
forces, there many
conclusions that can be made for the outlook of business in the
Textiles and Clothing industry in
Mexico. First, a large population will be able to meet the labor
demands of the firm. Secondly,
many unskilled workers will lead to lower wages and more
profit as well as increased training
costs. Thirdly, since 92.7% of the population speaks Spanish
only, firms should have means of
interpreting Spanish. Additionally, firms should observe
Christian holidays and local traditions
because of the dominance in religion in Mexico. Furthermore,
firms should organize their
company with a top down management style. As a result, shared
culture will allow firms to more
easily market and sell their products.
Economic Forces
Mexico is the world’s fifteenth largest economy when measured
at market exchange
rates, and twelfth when using purchasing power parity. With
12. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at
USD 14,800 per capita and a real growth rate of 4%, Mexico has
a purchasing power parity of
USD 1.683 trillion. Mexico also has an official exchange rate of
USD 1.155 trillion (CIA, 2012).
GDP composition by sector consists of agriculture 3.8%,
industry 34.2%, and services 62%
(CIA, 2012). The selling of U.S. goods and services can be
advertised on billboards, featured on
internet campaigns, or firms can use direct marketing methods.
The direct marketing methods
include, radio, T.V. commercials, telemarketing, postal mail,
email, internet consulting, and the
use of databases.
Mexico, Page 8
In Mexico’s physical infrastructure, the country is open to
foreign investment. The
Mexican government has been actively seeking an increase in
private involvement in
infrastructure development in numerous sectors, including
transport, communications, and
13. environment. Improvement in the national infrastructure is seen
as a key element to
strengthening economic competitiveness and attracting
investment to disadvantaged regions of
the country. In July 2007, President Calderon presented the
National Infrastructure Program
2007-2012. A key aspect of this program is to increase private
investment through means of
Service Lending Projects (public-private partnerships) and
concessionary schemes. In 2011, the
Public-Private Associations Law was approved by the lower
house of Congress; the Senate had
approved the law in October 2010.
The Public-Private Partnership Law allows the government to
enter into infrastructure
and service provision contracts with private companies for up to
40 years. The law provides
more legal certainty to private investors by equally distributing
risks, facilitates access to bank
loans, and harmonizes existing state public-partnership models
under a single federal law (2012
Investment Climate Statement, 2012). Mexico’s well-developed
infrastructure enables the
economy’s productivity and consists of 1,724 airports (249
14. paved runways), 1 heliport, 17,166
km railways, 366,095 km roadways, and 2,900 waterways (CIA,
2012).
The Telecommunication Systems in Mexico are highly
developed systems undergoing
expansion and privatization. Long-distance telephone calls go
via mix of microwave and
domestic satellite links with 120 ground stations (2012
Investment Climate Statement, 2012).
Demand still exceeds supply for new telephones in homes, but
the situation is improving. There
are international calls via five satellite ground stations and
microwave links to the United States.
Mexico allows up to 49 percent FDI in companies that provide
fixed telecommunications
Mexico, Page 9
networks and services. There are more than 600 medium wave
amplitude modulation (AM)
stations, privately owned and 22 shortwave AM stations. There
are more than 1,400 radio
stations, most that are privately owned (CIA, 2012).
15. The exchange rate in Mexico, Mexican pesos per US dollar, is
12.423 (CIA, 2012).
Inflation continues to cause the devaluation of the peso. This is
good for Mexican exports but not
so good for foreign imports into Mexico. The Commercial bank
prime lending rate is 4.92%
(CIA, 2012), and the Central bank discount rate is 4.5% (CIA,
2012). The inflation rate went
from being 4.2% in 2010 to 3.4% in 2011; therefore, inflation is
going down. Mexico has
numerous production capabilities. The natural resources in
Mexico include petroleum, silver,
copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, and timber. Exports from
Mexico include manufactured
goods, oil and oil products, silver, fruits, vegetables, coffee,
and cotton. Mexico’s agricultural
products include corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton,
coffee, fruit, tomatoes; beef, poultry,
dairy products and wood products. The industries operating in
Mexico are food and beverages,
tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum, mining, textiles,
clothing, motor vehicles,
consumer durables, and tourism (CIA, 2012).
Mexico’s technology includes geothermal energy production,
16. nanotechnology, solar
technology, telephones, broadcast media, and the internet.
Mexico has the third greatest
geothermal energy production in the world which uses natural
resources to conduct electricity.
Nanotechnology is utilized in many of Mexico’s industries. For
instance, the clothing industry is
currently using embedded nanoparticles to create stain-repellent
khakis ("Current
Nanotechnology Applications," 2012). Solar technology is being
used in Mexico in order to
create Green Parking lots that will shelter cars from the vibrant
Mexican sun and allow for the
production of renewable energy (Sarah, 2012). The number of
telephone main lines in use are
Mexico, Page 10
19.684 million and the mobile cellular telephones in use are
94.565 million (CIA, 2012).
Broadcast media includes many TV stations and more than
1,400 radio stations, most that are
privately owned. There are 15.165 million internet hosts and
31.02 million internet users (CIA,
17. 2012).
Firms considering business with Mexico should know that they
have favorable property
ownership and establishment rights. Within a zone of 100
kilometers from the border or 50
kilometers from the coast, a foreigner cannot acquire the direct
ownership of land. These areas
are known as Restricted or Prohibited Zones. The purchase of
non-residential property can be
achieved through a Mexican corporation, which, under certain
conditions, can be 100% foreign-
owned (Foreign Ownership of Property, 2012). Mexico has a
labor force of 49.17 million people.
The labor force in agriculture is 13.7%, industry 23.4%, and
services 62.9%. The unemployment
rate is 5.2% (CIA, 2011). Underemployment may be as high as
25%.
According to all of the information about Mexico’s economic
forces, there many
conclusions that can be drawn for the future of business venture
in the Textiles and Clothing
industry in Mexico. First, there’s a large market for economic
growth, which creates many
18. opportunities for firms. Secondly, extensive land transportation
will allow firms to easily
transport products and receive materials. Thirdly, high interest
rates will make it difficult for
many firms to obtain loans. Furthermore, the variety of
industries allows many different firms
the opportunity to seek business ventures in Mexico. In
addition, the high unemployment (and
underemployment) rate means firms will have an abundance of
labor. Therefore, if there is high
underemployment it means that, there is skilled labor that is
underutilized and can be hired at a
reasonable rate.
Mexico, Page 11
Political Forces
Mexico’s balance of payments is of great importance to firms
wanting to do business
there. Last year, Mexico’s exports amounted to USD 349.7
billion and its imports totaled USD
350.8 billion. Its current account balance in 2011 was USD
8.789 billion, up from USD 3.094
19. billion in 2010. Its capital account was USD 229.88 billion in
2011, and its reserve of foreign
exchange and gold was USD 149.3 billion in December 2011
(CIA, 2012).
In Mexico, expropriation is governed by international law.
Firms are not allowed to
expropriate property except for a public purpose and on a non-
discriminatory basis.
Expropriation requires rapid fair market value compensation
including accrued interest. There is
currently war and terrorism occurring in Mexico. The Mexican
president declared war on the
country’s drug cartels. The cartels make kidnappings, torture,
and beheadings common
(Shootouts in Mexican Border, 2012). This is a huge problem
for Mexico because it ruins its
society. It causes corruption of police and government.
Any firm wanting to do business with Mexico should
understand its trade regulations and
standards. Pursuant to the terms of the NAFTA, on January 1,
2003, Mexico eliminated tariffs on
all remaining industrial and most agricultural products imported
from the United States. On
January 1, 2008, Mexico eliminated remaining tariffs and tariff-
20. rate quotas on all U.S.
agricultural exports. On March 18, 2009, in response to the U.S.
cancellation of the United
States-Mexico Cross Border Trucking Demonstration Project,
Mexico imposed retaliatory tariffs
on 89 types of U.S. goods totaling about USD 2.4 billion in
exports from 40 U.S. states.
Retaliatory tariffs ranged from 5 percent on a few goods,
including hams and toilet paper, to 25
percent on some cheeses (Foreign Trade Barriers, 2012). There
are a few non-tariff trade barriers
Mexico, Page 12
in Mexico. First, minimum estimated prices, also referred to as
a “reference price,” no longer
affect goods other than used cars. Second, certain sensitive
products must obtain an import
license for which the difficulty varies according to the nature of
the product. Third, commercial
samples of controlled products shipped by courier are also
subject to these regulations. In the
case of liquid, gas or powdered products, as of June 2008, they
are no longer eligible to be
21. shipped by courier, even in small quantities (Trade Regulations
and Standards, 2011).
In accordance with intellectual property protection, Mexico
was listed on the Priority
Watch List in the 2011 Special 301 report. The report noted
Mexico’s improved enforcement
efforts, but noted that overall piracy and counterfeiting rates
remain high. Cooperation among
enforcement issues has continued to improve, but coordination
at the sub-federal level remains
weak. Concerns also remained over enforcement procedures and
the inconsistent issuance of
deterrent penalties. The United States welcomed Mexico’s
passage of legislation in 2009 that
would provide the Mexican Attorney General’s office and
certain Mexican enforcement officials
with ex officio authority to prosecute intellectual property
rights (IPR) infringement (Foreign
Trade Barriers, 2012).
Pursuant to antitrust, Mexican President Felipe Calderon,
seeking to strengthen
competition among companies, proposed bigger fines and jail
time for antitrust violations. The
22. country needs more competition to promote investment.
Calderon proposed fines of as much as
10 percent of revenue and possible jail time for colluding on
prices. He also proposed fines of as
much as 8 percent of revenue for "relative monopoly practices,"
or restrictions such as
exclusivity agreements that keep new competitors from entering
an industry. About 30 percent of
consumer spending goes to markets with a lack of competition,
causing Mexicans to spend 40
percent more than they would with better enforcement of
antitrust rules (Erik & Harrison, 2010).
Mexico, Page 13
The Transparency and Access to Public Government
Information Act, the country's first
freedom of information act, went into effect in June 2003 with
the aim of increasing government
accountability. Mexico's 31 states have passed similar freedom
of information legislation that
mirrors the federal law and meets international standards in this
field. Five years after its
passage, transparency in public administration at the federal
23. level has noticeably improved, but
access to information at the state and local level has been slow
(Bureau of Western Hemisphere
Affairs, 2012). Courts are fully available for foreign investors
in the event of investment
disputes. Chapter Eleven of NAFTA contains provisions
designed to protect cross-border
investors and facilitate the settlement of investment disputes.
Investors may initiate arbitration
against the NAFTA Party under the Arbitration Rules of the
United Nations Commission on
International Trade Law or the Arbitration Rules of the
International Centre for Settlement of
Investment Disputes (Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs,
2012). Pursuant to the investment
climate in Mexico, in 2010, U.S. investors accounted for 27.6
percent of all FDI in Mexico,
benefiting 23,360 companies. U.S. FDI was largely concentrated
in the manufacturing (46
percent) and commercial (19 percent) sectors. Despite Mexico's
relatively open economy, a
number of key sectors in Mexico continue to be characterized
by a high degree of market
concentration (Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs, 2012).
24. Pursuant to government procurement, the Mexican government
uses several “electronic
government” Internet sites to increase the transparency of
government processes and to provide
guidelines for the conduct of government officials (Foreign
Trade Barriers, 2012). Corruption is
pervasive in almost all levels of Mexican government and
society. In 2008, Calderon launched
"Operacion Limpieza," investigating and imprisoning alleged
corrupt government officials in
enforcement agencies. In 2010, the Mexican Congress
considered legislation to prevent the use
Mexico, Page 14
of money from organized crime groups in elections. The bill has
not yet passed, but Congress
will most likely take the law up again in 2011 (Bureau of
Western Hemisphere Affairs, 2012).
For foreign exchange controls, there are no controls on the
transfer of U.S. dollars. Profits can be
sent or brought back freely.
According to all of the information about Mexico’s political
25. forces, there many
conclusions that can be made for the outlook of business in the
Textiles and Clothing industry in
Mexico. First, the United States and Mexico have strong trade
ties so it will be easier to start and
continue doing business in Mexico than compared to other
countries. Secondly, drug wars may
limit the scope to which firms can do business in Mexico.
Thirdly, few tariff restrictions allow
firms to conduct business on a larger international scale
meaning more potential customers and
potential profits. Furthermore, corruption may hurt firms who
participate in unfavorable business
endeavors or hurt firms who pose as tough competition.
Additionally, lack of competition in
some sectors could provide a great opportunity to firms.
Opportunities/Threats
Mexico possesses many opportunities for firms seeking
business there. First, trade
between the United States and Mexico totals almost USD 850
million per day. Secondly, a
national infrastructure plan offers key projects in power, oil and
gas, airports, water supply and
26. water treatment. In addition, there are many market sectors that
show much promise including
agribusiness, auto parts and services, telecommunications
equipment and much more. Lastly,
shared culture makes it easier to market and sell goods and
services. Threats from doing business
in Mexico include the devaluation of the peso, high interest
rates that makes it difficult to get
loans and drug cartels which cause violence and insecurity in
areas (especially near border). The
Mexico, Page 15
economy thrives on the success of the U.S. economy, so if the
economy in the United States is
down then so is the economy in Mexico.
Conclusion
The reliance of Mexico’s economy on that of the United States
provides many
opportunities for firms who want to enter the Textiles and
Clothing industry. In Mexico, firms
have access to many factors of production needed to be
successful. The large population of
27. unskilled workers combined with lower minimum wages means
Mexico can produce
goods/services at a lower opportunity cost-comparative
advantage. The shared culture of the
United States and Mexico allows firms to more easily market
and sell their products.
Mexico, Page 16
References
2012 Investment Climate Statement. (2012, June). Retrieved
October 3, 2012, from
http://www.state.gov/e/eb/rls/othr/ics/2012/191197.htm
Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs. (2012, June 25). U.S.
Relations With Mexico Fact
Sheet. Retrieved October 3, 2012, from
28. http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35749.htm
Central Intelligence Agency. (2012, September 20). CIA World
Fact Book: Mexico.
Retrieved October 3, 2012, from
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-
factbook/geos/mx.html
Current Nanotechnology Applications. (2012, May 22).
Retrieved October 3, 2012,
from http://www.nanotech-now.com/current-uses.htm
Erik, J., & Harrison, C. Mexico's Calderon Seeks Stronger
Antitrust Law, Bigger Fines for
Violators. Retrieved October 3, 2012, from
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-04-
05/mexico-s-calderon-seeks-stronger-antitrust-law-bigger-fines-
for-violators.html
Foreign Affairs. (2012, June). Retrieved October 3, 2012, from
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/137588/luis-de-la-calle-
and-luis-rubio/mexico-a-
middle-class-society-poor-no-more-developed-not-yet
Foreign Ownership of Property in Mexico. (2012). Retrieved
October 3, 2012, from
http://www.blueroadrunner.com/ownprop.htm
29. Foreign Trade Barriers. (n.d.). Retrieved October 3, 2012, from
http://www.ustr.gov/about-us/press-office/reports-and-
publications/2012-1
http://www.state.gov/e/eb/rls/othr/ics/2012/191197.htm
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35749.htm
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-
factbook/geos/mx.html
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-
factbook/geos/mx.html
http://www.nanotech-now.com/current-uses.htm
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-04-05/mexico-s-
calderon-seeks-stronger-antitrust-law-bigger-fines-for-
violators.html
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-04-05/mexico-s-
calderon-seeks-stronger-antitrust-law-bigger-fines-for-
violators.html
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/137588/luis-de-la-calle-
and-luis-rubio/mexico-a-middle-class-society-poor-no-more-
developed-not-yet
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/137588/luis-de-la-calle-
and-luis-rubio/mexico-a-middle-class-society-poor-no-more-
developed-not-yet
http://www.blueroadrunner.com/ownprop.htm
http://www.ustr.gov/about-us/press-office/reports-and-
publications/2012-1
Mexico, Page 17
Macmillan Reference USA. (2001). Mexico: Countries and
Their Cultures. Retrieved
October 3, 2012, from
31. Parking Lot’. Retrieved October 3, 2012, from
http://mexicotoday.org/article/cutting-
edge-solar-technology-used-jalisco-mexico%E2%80%99s-new-
%E2%80%98green-
parking-lot%E2%80%99
Shootouts in Mexican border city leave 9 dead. (2012,
November 4). Retrieved November 8,
2012, from
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in-mexican-
border-city-leave-dead/
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-
etiquette/mexico-country-profile.html
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-
etiquette/mexico-country-profile.html
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/mexico/unemployment-rate
http://www.bis.org/review/r121002f.pdf?ql=1
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used-jalisco-mexico%E2%80%99s-new-%E2%80%98green-
parking-lot%E2%80%99
http://mexicotoday.org/article/cutting-edge-solar-technology-
used-jalisco-mexico%E2%80%99s-new-%E2%80%98green-
parking-lot%E2%80%99
http://mexicotoday.org/article/cutting-edge-solar-technology-
used-jalisco-mexico%E2%80%99s-new-%E2%80%98green-
parking-lot%E2%80%99
http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2012/11/04/shootouts-
in-mexican-border-city-leave-dead/
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age=eng&BR_Country=4840
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Compliance-Trade-Regulations-and-Standards-in-Mexico.html
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ReportId=121&IF_Language=eng&BR_Country=4840
http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/document.aspx?
ReportId=121&IF_Language=eng&BR_Country=4840
Macroeconomics
ECN 2025-102947
Kashmala Khan
33. October 23, 2012
Page 1
Mexico
I. SUMMARY
II. INTRODUCTION
A. The Social Process Triangle Model was used to analyze the
environment. As a
whole, it represents the big picture of modern Mexico’s Textiles
and Clothing
industry. The triangle is divided into three sub-triangles, which
are the Cultural
Forces, Economic Forces, and the Political Forces.
III. CULTURAL FORCES
A. Population
1. Count is 114,975,406 as of July 2012
2. Urban Population: 78% of total population
3. Speak Spanish only: 92.7%
B. Growth Rate
1. Mexico’s growth rate is 1.086% as of 2012
2. Mexico’s birth rate is 18.87 births out of 1,000 population as
of 2012
3. Mexico’s death rate is 4.9 deaths out of 1,000 population as
of July 2012
C. Literacy
1. Age 15 and over can read and write
2. The total population for literacy is 86.1%
3. Broken down is Male: 86.9% and Female: 85.3%
34. D. Education
1. An average citizen spends 14 years in school (primary to
tertiary education)
a) Male: 14 years
b) Female: 14 years
2. Primary school (Elementary School) Net enrollment ratio:
a) Male: 94% (2010)
b) Female: 94% (2010)
3. Secondary school (Middle to High School) Net enrollment
ratio:
a) Male: 71% (2010)
b) Female: 72% (2010)
4. Tertiary school (College, University, Vocational School) Net
enrollment ratio:
a) Male: 36% (2010)
b) Female: 46% (2010)
5. The education expenditure is 4.8% of GDP (2007)
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E. Social Structure
1. Mexico is broadly a middle class society.
35. 2. Steady economic growth rates, more open and competitive
markets, and the
smaller families that result from sharply declining fertility rates
are
responsible for the country’s expanding, prosperous middle
class
3. The family is at the centre of the social structure
4. Mexican society and business are highly stratified and
vertically structured.
5. Mexicans emphasize hierarchical relationships.
6. People respect authority and look to those above them for
guidance and
decision-making.
7. Rank is important, and those above you in rank must always
be treated with
respect.
8. This makes it important to know which person is in charge,
and leads to an
authoritarian approach to decision-making and problem solving.
9. Mexicans are very aware of how each individual fits into
each hierarchy--be it
family, friends or business.
10. It would be disrespectful to break the chain of hierarchy.
F. Family Roles
1. Mexicans consider it their duty and responsibility to help
family members.
2. Outside of the major cosmopolitan cities, families are still
generally large.
3. The extended family is as important as the nuclear family
36. since it provides a
sense of stability.
4. Most Mexican families are extremely traditional, with the
father as the head,
the authority figure and the decision-maker.
5. Mothers are greatly revered, but their role may be seen as
secondary to that of
their husband.
G. Basis for Value System
1. Religion: Roman Catholic 76.5%, Protestant 5.2%
(Pentecostal 1.4%, other
3.8%), Jehovah's Witnesses 1.1%, other 0.3%, unspecified
13.8%, none 3.1%
(2000 census)
2. Ethnic Groups: Mestizo (Amerindian-Spanish) 60%,
Amerindian or
predominantly Amerindian 30%, white 9%, other 1%
H. Customs
1. Mexico has a meeting etiquette, gift giving etiquette, dining
etiquette, and
business etiquette.
2. Meeting etiquette:
a) When greeting in social situations, women pat each other on
the right
forearm or shoulder, rather than shake hands
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b) Men shake hands until they know someone well, at which
time they
progress to the more traditional hug and backslapping.
c) Wait until invited before using a Mexican's first name
3. Gift giving etiquette:
a) If invited to a Mexican's house, bring a gift such as flowers
or sweets.
b) Gift-wrapping does not follow any particular protocol.
c) Do not give marigolds as they symbolize death.
d) Do not give red flowers as they have a negative connotation.
e) White flowers are a good gift, as they are considered
uplifting.
f) Gifts are opened immediately.
g) If you receive a gift, open it and react enthusiastically.
4. Dining etiquette:
a) If you are invited to a Mexican's home: arrive 30 minutes late
in most
places because arriving on time or early is considered
inappropriate.
b) At a large party, you may introduce yourself.
c) At a smaller gathering, the host usually handles the
introductions.
d) Always keep your hands visible when eating. Keep your
wrists resting on
38. the edge of the table.
e) Do not sit down until you are invited to and told where to sit.
f) Do not begin eating until the hostess starts.
g) Only men give toasts.
h) It is polite to leave some food on your plate after a meal.
5. Business etiquette:
a) Business appointments are required and should be made at
least 2 weeks
in advance. Reconfirm the appointment one week before the
meeting.
b) Reconfirm the meeting again once you arrive in Mexico and
make sure
that the secretary of the person you will be meeting knows how
to contact
you.
c) It is important that you arrive on time for meetings, although
your
Mexican business associates may be up to 30 minutes late.
d) Have all written material available in both English and
Spanish.
e) Agendas are not common. If they are given, they are not
always followed.
I. What does this mean for the industry you selected wanting to
do business in
this country?
1. Large population will be able to meet the labor demands of
the firm
2. Many unskilled workers will lead to lower wages and more
profit as well as
39. increased training costs
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3. Since 92.7% of the population speaks Spanish only, firms
should have means
of interpreting Spanish
4. Firms should observe Christian holidays and local traditions
5. Firms should organize their company with a Top down
management style.
6. Shared culture will allow firms to more easily market and sell
their products
IV. ECONOMIC FORCES
A. GDP
1. Purchasing power parity:
a) USD $1.683 trillion (2011)
b) USD $1.619 trillion (2010)
c) USD $1.534 trillion (2009)
2. Official Exchange Rate: USD $1.155 trillion (2011)
3. Real Growth Rate:
a) 4% (2011)
b) 5.5% (2010)
c) -6.3% (2009)
40. 4. Per Capita (PPP):
a) USD $14,800 (2011)
b) USD $14,400 (2010)
c) USD $13,900 (2009)
5. Composition by Sector:
a) Agriculture: 3.8%
b) Industry: 34.2%
c) Services: 62% (2011)
B. Selling U.S. Goods and Services
1. Advertise on billboards
2. Internet campaigns
3. Broadcast media: many TV stations and more than 1,400
radio stations, most
are privately owned
4. Direct marketing methods:
a) Radio
b) T.V. commercials
c) Telemarketing
d) Postal mail
e) Email
f) Internet consulting
g) Databases
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41. C. Distribution Systems
1. Physical Infrastructure
a) Open to foreign investment
b) The Mexican government has been actively seeking an
increase in private
involvement in infrastructure development in numerous sectors,
including
transport, communications, and environment.
c) Improvement in the national infrastructure is seen as a key
element to
strengthening economic competitiveness and attracting
investment to
disadvantaged regions of the country.
d) In July 2007, President Calderon presented the National
Infrastructure
Program 2007-2012. A key aspect of this program is to increase
private
investment through means of Service Lending Projects (public-
private
partnerships) and concessionary schemes.
e) In 2011, the Public-Private Associations Law was approved
by the lower
house of Congress; the law had been approved by the Senate in
October
2010.
f) The Public-Private Partnership Law allows the government to
enter into
infrastructure and service provision contracts with private
42. companies for
up to 40 years. The law provides more legal certainty to private
investors
by equally distributing risks, facilitates access to bank loans,
and
harmonizes existing state public-partnership models under a
single federal
law.
g) 1,724 airports (249 have paved runways)
h) 1 heliport
i) Pipelines: gas 16,594 km; liquid petroleum gas 2,152 km; oil
7,499 km;
oil/gas/water 4 km; refined products 7,264 km; water 33 km
j) Railways: 17,166 km
k) Roadways: 366,095 km (132,289 km are paved)
l) Waterways: 2,900 km
m) Merchant Marine: 52 (bulk carrier 5, cargo 3, chemical
tanker 11,
liquefied gas 3, passenger/cargo 10, petroleum tanker 17, roll
on/roll off 3)
n) Ports and Terminals: Altamira, Coatzacoalcos, Lazaro
Cardenas,
Manzanillo, Salina Cruz, Veracruz
2. Telecommunication Systems
a) Mexico allows up to 49 percent FDI in companies that
provide fixed
telecommunications networks and services
b) Highly developed system undergoing expansion and
privatization
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Kashmala Khan
October 23, 2012
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c) Long-distance telephone calls go via mix of microwave and
domestic
satellite links with 120 ground stations.
d) International calls via five satellite ground stations and
microwave links to
United States.
e) Demand still exceeds supply for new telephones in homes,
but situation
improving
f) More than 600 medium wave amplitude modulation (AM)
stations,
privately owned and 22 shortwave AM stations
g) More than 1,400 radio stations, most are privately owned
h) Almost 300 television stations, most organized into two
national networks
D. Financial Services
1. Currency Stability & Exchange Rate Mechanisms
a) Exchange rate-Mexican pesos per US dollar
(a) 12.423 (2011)
(b) 12.636 (2010)
(c) 13.514 (2009)
44. (d) 11.016 (2008)
(e) 10.8 (2007)
b) Inflation continues to cause the devaluation of the peso. This
is good for
Mexican exports but not so good for foreign imports into
Mexico.
2. Interest Rates
a) Commercial bank prime lending rate: 4.92% (2011)
b) Central bank discount rate: 4.5% (2009)
3. Inflation Rate
a) 3.4% (2011) – Inflation is going down
b) 4.2% (2010)
E. Capital Resources
1. Production Capabilities
a) Natural resources: petroleum, silver, copper, gold, lead, zinc,
natural gas,
timber
b) Exports: manufactured goods, oil and oil products, silver,
fruits,
vegetables, coffee, cotton
c) Agricultural products: corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans,
cotton, coffee,
fruit, tomatoes; beef, poultry, dairy products; wood products
d) Industries: food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and
steel,
petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer
durables,
tourism
45. Macroeconomics
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October 23, 2012
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2. Technology
a) Mexico has the third greatest geothermal energy production
in the world
b) Nanotechnology: the clothing industry is currently using
embedded
nanoparticles to create stain-repellent khakis
c) Solar technology: “Green parking lots”
d) Telephones- main lines in use: 19.684 million (2011)
e) Telephones- mobile cellular: 94.565 million (2011)
f) Internet hosts: 15.165 million (2010)
g) Internet users: 31.02 million (2009)
F. Property Ownership
1. Within a zone of 100 kilometers from the border or 50
kilometers from the
coast, a foreigner cannot acquire the direct ownership of land.
a) These areas are known as Restricted or Prohibited Zones
2. The purchase of non-residential property can be achieved
through a Mexican
corporation which, under certain conditions, can be 100%
foreign-owned
a) An agreement is signed that says the corporation is subject to
46. Mexican law
and the owners will not invoke the laws of their parent country
b) The real estate must be registered with the Foreign Affairs
Ministry and be
used for non-residential activities
c) In other words under the above conditions foreigners can
directly acquire
properties for tourist, commercial and industrial use.
G. Workforce
1. Labor force: 49.17 million (2011)
2. Labor force by occupation:
a) Agriculture: 13.7%
b) Industry: 23.4%
c) Services: 62.9%
3. Unemployment rate:
a) 5.2% (2011)
b) 5.4% (2010
4. Underemployment may be as high as 25%
H. What does this mean for the industry you selected wanting to
do business in
this country?
1. Large market for economic growth (many opportunities for
firms)
2. Extensive land transportation will allow firms to easily
transport products and
receive materials
3. High interest rates will make it difficult for many firms to
47. obtain loans
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Kashmala Khan
October 23, 2012
Page 8
4. The variety of industries allows many different firms the
opportunity to seek
business ventures in Mexico
5. The high unemployment (and underemployment) rate means
firms will have
an abundance of labor
6. If there is high underemployment it means that, there is
skilled labor that is
underutilized and can be hired at a reasonable rate.
V. POLITICAL FORCES
A. Balance of Payments
1. Balance of Trade
a) Exports: USD $349.7 billion (2011)
b) Imports: USD $350.8 billion (2011)
2. Current Account
a) USD $8.789 billion (2011)
b) USD $3.094 billion (2010)
3. Capital Account
a) USD $229.88 billion (2011)
48. b) USD $220.12 billion (2010)
4. Reserve Account
a) USD $149.3 billion (2011)
b) USD $120.5 billion (2010)
B. Political Stability
1. Expropriation
a) Not allowed to expropriate property except for a public
purpose and on a
non-discriminatory basis
b) Governed by international law
c) Require rapid fair market value compensation including
accrued interest
2. War/Terrorism
a) Mexican president declared war on the country’s drug cartels
b) The cartels make kidnappings, torture, and beheadings
common
c) Causes corruption of police and government
C. Trade Regulations & Standards
1. Tariffs
a) Pursuant to the terms of the NAFTA, on January 1, 2003,
Mexico
eliminated tariffs on all remaining industrial and most
agricultural
products imported from the United States.
b) On January 1, 2008, Mexico eliminated remaining tariffs and
tariff-rate
quotas on all U.S. agricultural exports.
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October 23, 2012
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c) On March 18, 2009, in response to the U.S. cancellation of
the United
States-Mexico Cross Border Trucking Demonstration Project,
Mexico
imposed retaliatory tariffs on 89 types of U.S. goods totaling
about USD
$2.4 billion in exports from 40 U.S. states.
d) Retaliatory tariffs ranged from 5 percent on a few goods,
including hams
and toilet paper, to 25 percent on some cheeses.
2. Non-tariff Trade Barriers
a) Minimum estimated prices, also referred to as a “reference
price”, no
longer affect goods other than used cars
b) Certain sensitive products must obtain an import license for
which the
difficulty varies according to the nature of the product.
c) Commercial samples of controlled products shipped by
courier are also
subject to these regulations.
d) In the case of liquid, gas or powdered products, as of June
2008, they are
50. no longer eligible to be shipped by courier, even in small
quantities.
D. Laws Regarding Trade/Commerce
1. Intellectual Property Protection
a) Mexico was listed on the Watch List in the 2011 Special 301
report.
b) The report noted Mexico’s improved enforcement efforts, but
noted that
overall piracy and counterfeiting rates remain high.
c) Cooperation among enforcement issues has continued to
improve, but
coordination at the sub-federal level remains weak.
d) Concerns also remained over enforcement procedures and the
inconsistent
issuance of deterrent penalties.
e) The United States welcomed Mexico’s passage of legislation
in 2009 that
would provide the Mexican Attorney General’s office and
certain Mexican
enforcement officials with ex officio authority to prosecute
intellectual
property rights (IPR) infringement.
2. Antitrust
a) Mexican President Felipe Calderon, seeking to strengthen
competition
among companies, proposed bigger fines and jail time for
antitrust
violations. The country needs more competition to promote
51. investment
b) Calderon proposed fines of as much as 10 percent of revenue
and possible
jail time for colluding on prices. He also proposed fines of as
much as 8
percent of revenue for "relative monopoly practices," or
restrictions such
as exclusivity agreements that keep new competitors from
entering an
industry.
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Kashmala Khan
October 23, 2012
Page 10
c) About 30 percent of consumer spending goes to markets with
a lack of
competition, causing Mexicans to spend 40 percent more than
they would
with better enforcement of antitrust rules
3. Transparency
a) The Transparency and Access to Public Government
Information Act, the
country's first freedom of information act, went into effect in
June 2003
with the aim of increasing government accountability.
b) Mexico's 31 states have passed similar freedom of
52. information legislation
that mirrors the federal law and meets international standards in
this field.
c) Five years after its passage, transparency in public
administration at the
federal level has noticeably improved, but access to information
at the
state and local level has been slow.
4. Dispute Settlement
a) Chapter Eleven of NAFTA contains provisions designed to
protect cross-
border investors and facilitate the settlement of investment
disputes.
b) Investors may initiate arbitration against the NAFTA Party
under the
Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on
International
Trade Law ("UNCITRAL Rules") or the Arbitration (Additional
Facility)
Rules of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment
Disputes
("ICSID Additional Facility Rules").
5. Investment Climate
a) In 2010, U.S. investors accounted for 27.6 percent of all FDI
in Mexico,
benefiting 23,360 companies.
b) U.S. FDI was largely concentrated in the manufacturing (46
percent) and
commercial (19 percent) sectors.
53. c) Despite Mexico's relatively open economy, a number of key
sectors in
Mexico continue to be characterized by a high degree of market
concentration.
d) For example, telecommunications, electricity, television
broadcasting,
petroleum, beer, cement, and tortillas feature one or two or
several
dominant companies (some private, others public) with enough
market
power to restrict competition.
E. Government Procurement
1. The Mexican government uses several “electronic
government” Internet sites
to increase the transparency of government processes and to
provide
guidelines for the conduct of government officials.
2. In March 2011, the Mexican Senate approved President
Calderon’s Federal
Anti-Corruption in Government Contracting initiative, which
would impose
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October 23, 2012
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54. penalties against national or foreign individual and legal
entities for irregular
conduct (including bribes) during their direct or indirect
participation in
federal government procurement.
F. Corruption
1. Corruption is pervasive in almost all levels of Mexican
government and
society.
2. In 2008, Calderon launched "Operacion Limpieza,"
investigating and
imprisoning alleged corrupt government officials in
enforcement agencies.
3. In 2010, the Mexican Congress considered legislation to
prevent the use of
money from organized crime groups in elections. The bill has
not yet passed,
but Congress will most likely take the law up again in 2011.
G. Foreign Exchange Controls
1. No controls on transfer of U.S. dollar
2. Profits can be sent or brought back freely
H. What does this mean for the industry you selected wanting to
do business in
this country?
1. U.S. and Mexico have strong trade ties so it will be easier to
start and continue
doing business in Mexico than compared to other countries
2. Drug wars may limit the scope to which firms can do
business in Mexico
55. 3. Few tariff restrictions allow firms to conduct business on a
larger international
scale meaning more potential customers and potential profits
4. Corruption may hurt firms you participate in unfavorable
business endeavors
or firms who pose as tough competition
5. Lack of competition in some sectors could provide a great
opportunity to
firms
VI. OPPORTUNITIES/THREATS – For U.S. firms in this
industry doing business
with this country
A. Opportunities
1. Trade between U.S. and Mexico totals almost USD $850
million per day
2. National infrastructure plan offers key projects in power, oil
and gas, airports,
water supply and water treatment
3. Many market sectors that show much promise including
agribusiness, auto
parts and services, telecommunications equipment and much
more
4. Shared culture makes it easier to market and sell products
and services
B. Threats
1. Devaluation of peso
2. High interest rates makes it difficult to get loans
3. Drug cartels cause violence and insecurity in areas
56. (especially near border)
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Kashmala Khan
October 23, 2012
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4. The economy thrives on the success of the U.S. economy, so
if the economy
in the U.S. is down than so is the economy in Mexico
VII. CONCLUSION
A. The reliance of Mexico’s economy on that of the U.S.
provides many
opportunities for firms
B. Firms have access to many factors of production needed to be
successful
C. The large population of unskilled workers combined with
lower minimum wages
means Mexico can produce goods/services at a lower
opportunity cost-
comparative advantage
D. The shared culture of the U.S. and Mexico allows firms to
more easily market and
sell their products
57. Name 1
Name
ECN 2025.102947
T/Th 10:00 – 11:20 AM
I. Summary:
II. Introduction:
A. Will use social process triangle as a model to identify and
explain the different cultural, political, and
economic forces in the country of Vietnam as they relate to the
sugar industry
III. Cultural Forces:
A. Population:
1. 91,519,289 as of July 2012
2. 89,000,000 (UN, 2011)
3. 82,689,518 as of July 2008
B. Growth Rate:
1. Population:
a. 1.054% est. 2012
2. Birth Rate
a. 16.83 per 1000 people
58. 3. Mortality rate
a. 5.95 per 1000 people
C. Literacy:
1. Total population: 94%
a. Male: 96.1%
b. Female: 92%
D. Education:
1. Skill Level:
Name 2
a. The proportion of labor force with higher education is still
low compared to other East
Asian countries
b. 22 percent of firms have a shortage of workers with adequate
skills and education.
2. Educational Expenditures:
a. 5.3% of GDP (2008)
3. School Life Expectancy:
a. Total: 10 years
59. b. Male: 11 years
c. Female: 10 Years
4. Higher Education:
a. Beyond the reach of the majority
b. The overall state of the physical and social sciences is poor
due to a lack of funding
E. Social Structure:
1. Organized into classes and castes
a. Majority is poor
2. Symbols of Social Stratification
a. motorcycle
b. mobile phone
c. refrigerators
d. televisions
e. video players
f. gold jewelry
g. imported luxury goods:clothing, liquor
3. Gender roles and status
a. Women
60. Name 3
i. perform most of the essential tasks for running the household
ii. dominate the business of petty trading
iii. often secretaries or waitresses, occupying lower level
service positions
b. Men
i. perform the majority of public activities, such as business,
political office or
administration, and occupations that require extended periods
away from home
ii. control the most prestigious religious roles
iii. physically demanding activities like plowing and raking are
mostly performed
by men.
F. Family Roles
1. Family
a. Life revolves around the family
b. Consists of extended family as well as nuclear
c. Father is head of family
61. d. Authority within the household is exercised by the eldest
male although his wife will
often have an important say in family matters.
e. Residence in most homes is organized around the male line
i. Sons stay in the parent's home, and after marriage their brides
move in with
them
ii. The eldest son will usually remain in the home, while
younger sons might leave
to set up their own household a few years after marriage
f. Women of all generations tend to such matters as cooking,
cleaning, and caring for
children, though these responsibilities tend to fall on the
younger wives
2. Inheritance
Name 4
a. General custom is for the eldest son to inherit the parental
home and the largest portion
of the family property, particularly land
b. Younger sons will often inherit some land or other items,
62. such as gold
c. In rare cases daughters receive small items
d. Many parents like all of their children to receive something
in order to prevent discord
G. Value System
1. Based on Confucianism
2. The concept of face is very important
3. Collectivism
a. The individual is seen as second to the group
4. Hierarchy
a. Age and status important
b. The oldest person in a group is greeted or served first
5. Etiquette
a. Polite behavior is highly valued
b. important for the young to show respect to elders
c. People of different genders, especially if they are not married
or related, should not
have physical contact
d. In general woman are expected to maintain greater decorum
than men by avoiding
63. alcohol and tobacco, speaking quietly, and dressing modestly
H. Customs
1. Food consumption is a vital part of ritual celebrations
a.held feasts after the conduct of rites dedicated to village
guardian spirits
b. Feasts held after weddings and funerals remain large and
have increased in size
c. popular feast items are pork, chicken, and vegetable dishes
served with rice
Name 5
d. Feasts are socially important because they provide a context
through which people
maintain good social relations
2. The most important ritual event in Vietnamese society is the
celebration of the Lunar New
Year
3. The first and fifteenth of every month in the twelve month
lunar year are also important
occasions for rites to ancestors, spirits, and Buddhist deities.
4. the fifteenth of the third lunar month when family members
64. clean ancestral graves
5. The vast majority of Vietnamese hold that a person's soul
lives on after death
6. All rituals associated with death have a tremendous moral
significance in Vietnamese society
I. Industry
1.There is a large population of workers from which to hire,
although they are not very skilled.
This would mean training may be necessary, however since
Vietnam is still mainly agricultural,
most of the population may have agricultural knowledge.
IV. Economic Forces
A. GDP
1. GDP figures
a. $303.8 billion USD (2011)
b. $286.9 billion USD (2010)
c. $268.7 billion USD (2009)
2. Official exchange rate
a. $122.7 billion USD (2011)
3. Real growth rate
65. b. Targeting in the 5% range in 2012
a. 4 % in the first quarter of 2012
b. 5.9% (2011)
Name 6
c. 6.8% (2010)
d. 5.3% (2009)
4. Per capita
a. $3,400 USD (2011)
b. $3,300 USD (2010)
c. $3,100 USD (2009)
5. Composition by sector
a. Agriculture: 22%
b. Industry: 40.3%
c. Services: 37.7%
6. Investment
a. 34.6% (2011)
7. Taxes and other revenue
66. a. 26.7% (2011)
8. Public debt
a. 57.3% (2011)
b. 57.1% (2010)
9. Military expenditures
a. 2.5% (2005)
10. State owned enterprises produce around 40% of GDP
B. Selling US Goods and Services
1. Different methods for establishing a business exist
a. Agent or Distributor
b. Establish an Office
c. Franchise
Name 7
d. Direct Marketing
e. Joint Ventures/Licensing
f. Selling to the Government
g. Electronic Commerce
67. 2. Pricing
a. Vietnamese consumers expect to pay a premium for a foreign
label or brand, in
practice, the actual number of consumers who are willing to pay
the higher price is
limited.
b. One important pricing cycle to note is linked to the Christmas
Holiday and the Lunar
New Year “Tet” celebration
3. Selling Factors/Techniques
a. Rely on marketing, branding and a reputation for quality,
safety and reliability.
b. Awareness of brands comes from word of mouth, the Internet,
market promotions and
advertising.
c. Geography is a key factor in segmenting
d. Foreign companies in Vietnam utilize trade fairs, product
seminars, product
demonstrations, and point-of-sales materials, as well as print
and broadcast advertising
e. Successful brands typically must adapt to local tastes,
particularly consumer goods
68. f. Detailed product information in the Vietnamese language
should be provided to agents
and distributors, and companies to establish websites in
Vietnamese
h. Hands-on involvement is required to achieve commercial
success in Vietnam
4. Trade Promotions and Advertising
a. More than 1,000 domestic ad companies, of which about 700
are operating in Ho Chi
Minh City
Name 8
b. Many foreign brand managers make heavy investments in
television advertising
campaigns.
i. Over 90 percent of Vietnam’s urban population own
televisions.
c. There are over 400 newspapers and other publications in
Vietnam
d. Outdoor advertising ranges from billboards and signboards to
public transport,
building walls, bus stations, and wash and service stations,
69. e. Radio advertising is not yet widely used for product
promotion, but radio ad volume is
growing.
C. Distribution systems
1. Physical infrastructure
a. Airports
i. 44 total
ii. 37 with paved runways
1. 9 with over 3,047 m
2. 6 between 2,438 to 3,047 m
3. 13 between 1,524 to 2,437 m
4. 9 between 914 to 1,523 m
iii. 7 without paved runways
1. 1 between 1,524 to 2,437 m
2. 3 between 914 to 1,523 m
3. 3 with less than 914 m
b. Heliports: 1
c. Pipelines
i. 28 km for condensate
70. ii. 10 km for condensate/gas
Name 9
iii. 216 km for gas
iv. 206 km for refined products
d. Railways
i. 2,632 km
e. Roadways
i. Total: 180,549 km
ii. Paved: 133,899 km
iii. Unpaved: 46,650 km
f. Waterways
i. 17,702 km
ii. 5,000 km navigable up 1.8m draft
iii. 6 major ports
2. Telecommunication system
a. Much effort is being made to modernize the
Telecommunication system
71. b. Government controls all broadcast media
c. 9 television channels, law limits access to satellite TV, but
many able to access through
home satellite equipment
d. 6 radio stations
D. Financial Services
1. Currency stability & Exchange Rate Mechanisms
a. Exchange Rates (Dong per US dollar)
i. 20,509.75 (2011)
ii. 18,612.92 (2010)
iii. 17,799.6 (2009)
iv. 16,548.3 (2008)
Name 10
v. 16,119 (2007)
2. Interest Rates
a. 16.95% as of 31 December 2011
b. 13.135% as of 31 December 2010
3. Inflation
72. a. has fallen for the ninth consecutive month — from a peak of
23 percent in August 2011
to 8.3 percent in May 2012.
b. 18.7% (2011)
c. 10% (2010)
E. Capital Resources
1. Production capabilities
a. Growing industrial climate
2. Technology
a. Industrialization of industries
b. Computers
c. Factories
F. Property Ownership
1. Government does not recognize private land ownership
G. Workforce
1. 46.48 million (2011)
2. By occupation
i. Agriculture: 48%
73. ii. Industry: 22.4%
iii. Services: 29.6%
3. Unemployment Rate
Name 11
i. 2.3% (2011)
ii. 2.9% (2010)
H. Industry
1. There is high inflation
2. Low unemployment rate
3. Most people work in agriculture
4. Does not have a very good infrastructure
V Political Forces
A. Balance of payments
1. Balance of trade
a. Exports
i. $95.32 billion USD in 2011
ii. $72.19 billion USD in 2010
74. b. Imports
i. $97.83 billion USD in 2011
ii. $77.34 billion USD in 2010
2. Current Account
a. -$1.896 billion USD in 2011
b. -$4.287 billion USD in 2010
3. Vietnam is currently the 45th largest export market for U.S.
goods.
4. The stock of U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam
was $623 million in 2010 (latest
data available), up from $525 million in 2009.
B. Political Stability
1. Expropriation
a. No recent instances of expropriation reported
Name 12
2. War/Terrorism
a. Large measure of stability since the late 1970s
C. Trade regulation & standards
75. 1. Tariffs
a. Vietnam significantly reduced its tariff rates
b. The vast majority of U.S. exports now face tariffs of 15
percent or less
c. High tariffs on selected products remain
i. The Ministry of Finance raised ten tariff lines up to their
WTO ceiling rates
1. Shelled walnuts from 20 percent to 30 percent
2. Tomato ketchup and other tomato sauces from 30 percent to
35 percent
3. Tobacco from 30 percent to 50 percent
4. Cast iron from 32 percent to 36 percent
2. Non-tariff trade barriers
a. Vietnam has eliminated many quantitative restrictions on
imports and other non-tariff
measures, such as quotas, bans, permits, prior authorization
requirements, licensing
requirements, or other restrictions having the same effect
D. Laws regarding trade/commerce
1. Intellectual property protection
a. Has made progress, but enforcement efforts have not kept
76. pace with rising levels of
IPR infringement and piracy in the country
b. Piracy rates for software are estimated to be 82%.
2. Antitrust
a. Government owns the majority of businesses
3. Transparency
Name 13
a. The evolving nature of regulatory regimes and commercial
law in Vietnam, combined
with overlapping jurisdiction among Government ministries,
often result in a lack of
transparency, uniformity and consistency in Government
policies and decisions on
commercial projects.
b. Corruption and administrative red tape within the
Government has led to a lack of
transparency and has been a vast challenge for Governmental
consistency and
productivity.
c. Vietnam has improved its process for making and publicizing
77. laws, particularly with
major national laws and regulations
4. Dispute settlement
a. Hierarchy of Vietnamese courts includes: (1) Supreme Court;
(2) Provincial Courts;
and (3) District Courts.
b. Parallel to the court systems is the People’s Procuracy, which
is responsible for
supervising the operation of judicial authorities. The People’s
Procuracy can protest a
judgment or ask for a review of a case
c. Has a system of independent arbitration centers
5. Investment climate
a. Investors often find poorly developed infrastructure, high
start-up costs, arcane land
acquisition and transfer regulations and procedures, and a
shortage of skilled personnel.
b. Financial markets remain weak and poorly regulated
c. The banking sector is underdeveloped
d. The Vietnamese stock market includes two stock exchanges:
Ho Chi Minh City Stock
78. Exchange (HOSE) and Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX)
E. Government procurement
Name 14
1. Vietnam's 2006 Law on Procurement provides for greater
transparency in procurement
procedures
2. Decentralization of procurement decision making to the
ministries, agencies, and local
authorities; appeal processes; and enforcement provisions.
F. Corruption
1. Corruption and administrative red tape within the
Government have led to a lack of
transparency and has been a vast challenge for Governmental
consistency and productivity.
2. Corrupt officials illegally sell land-use rights or seize it for
personal uses
G. Foreign exchange controls
1. Foreign exchange regulations of Vietnam require all
transactions within the country and
between Vietnam residents
79. 2. The laws also prescribe the number and type of transactions
which the FIE can conduct in
foreign currencies. Frequently conducted transactions include
payment for purchases of goods
and services from individuals and organizations outside
Vietnam.
H. Industry
1. Relatively peaceful; good business environment
2. Slowly eliminating tariffs
3. No ownership of land
VI. Opportunities/ Threats
1. Advertising remains heavily regulated by the Vietnamese
Government
2. The overriding factor in pricing for the Vietnam market is
the low level of per capita income.
3. Financial markets remain weak and poorly regulated
4. Competition from State Owned Enterprises
5. High inflation
6. Communist government strictly regulates everything
Name 15
80. VII. Conclusion
1. Vietnam has many benefits
2. It also has drawbacks
3. Overall, the sugar industry should do well
Krystie Oliver
ECN 2025-110239
Term Paper References
References
Dyson, J. (n.d.). Philippines garment exporters seeking SAVE
act. Retrieved October 4, 2013, from http://www.just-
style.com/analysis/philippines-garment-exporters-seeking-save-
act_id117307.aspx
Industry stats: Philippines vs United States. (n.d.). In Industry
stats: Philippines vs United States. Retrieved October 4, 2013,
from http://www.nationmaster.com/compare/Philippines/United-
States/Industry
Larano, C. (n.d.). Energy Chief worries about electricity amid
Philippine growth. Retrieved October 4, 2013, from
http://blogs.wsj.com/searealtime/2013/09/09/energy-chief-
worries-about-electricity-amid-philippine-growth/
Overview of Philippines textile industry. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 4, 2013, from http://www.bharattextile.com/textile-
statistics/ph.php
Philippines Economy Profile 2013. (n.d.). Retrieved October 4,
2013, from
http://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/economy_profile.html
The phillipines. (n.d.). Retrieved October 4, 2013, from
http://www.ustr.gov/sites/default/files/2013%20NTE%20Philipp
ines%20Final.pdf
Phillipines. (n.d.). Retrieved October 4, 2013, from
81. http://www.state.gov/p/eap/ci/rp/
Phillipines. (n.d.). Retrieved October 4, 2013, from
https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-
statements/press-release-archive-2006/statement-on-cia-
website-enhancement.html
Reveilhac, P. (n.d.). Electricity and the cost of doing business
in the Philippines. Retrieved October 4, 2013, from
http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/philippines/documents/page_c
ontent/electricityanddoingbusiness.pdf
Textiles, Apparel & Sporting Goods. (n.d.). Retrieved October
4, 2013, from http://export.gov/industry/apparel/index.asp
Thomasson, S. C. (Ed.). (n.d.). The philippines: Textile and
apparel industry on the mend. Retrieved October 4, 2013, from
http://www.textileworldasia.com/Articles/2013/March/Jan_Feb_
March_issue/Country_Profile_The_Philippines.html
PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS I
ECN 2025
SOCIAL PROCESS TRIANGLE OUTLINE
I. SUMMARY
II. INTRODUCTION – Discuss the use of the Social Process
Triangle as your model
III. CULTURAL FORCES
A. Population
B. Growth rate
C. Literacy
D. Education
1. Skill level
E. Social structure
F. Family roles
82. G. Basis for value system
H. Customs
I. What does this mean for firms in your industry wanting to do
business in this country?
IV. ECONOMIC FORCES
A. GDP
B. Marketing – Sales, Promotion, Advertising, etc.
C. Distribution systems
1. Physical infrastructure
2. Telecommunication systems
D. Financial services
1. Currency stability & Exchange Rate Mechanisms
2. Interest rates
3. Inflation
E. Capital resources
1. Production capabilities
2. Technology
F. Property ownership
G. Workforce
H. What does this mean for firms in your industry wanting to do
business in this country?
V. POLITICAL FORCES
A. Balance of payments
1. Balance of trade
a) Export
b) Import
2. Current Account
3. Capital Account
83. 4. Reserve Account
B. Political stability
1. Expropriation
2. War/Terrorism
C. Trade regulations & standards
1. Tariffs
2. Non-tariff trade barriers
D. Laws regarding trade/commerce
1. Intellectual Property Protection
2. Antitrust
3. Transparency
4. Dispute settlement
5. Investment climate
E. Government procurement
F. Corruption
G. Foreign exchange controls
H. What does this mean for firms in your industry wanting to do
business in this country?
VI. OPPORTUNITIES/THREATS – For U.S firms in your
industry doing business with or in this country
VI. CONCLUSION
RESEARCH PAPER
ATHENA MIKLOS, PROFESSOR
Governments develop and support economic systems that they
believe will give their society a
84. competitive advantage and worldwide recognition as a viable
global force. Every country's social system is
comprised of three components: cultural forces, economic
forces, and political forces. These dynamic
forces are in constant motion and prove to be a challenge to
firms entering foreign markets.
Today, a firm's competitive environment is not confined to its
national borders. Firms try to achieve
greater market share and gain competitive advantage by selling
in global markets. In order to be
successful, firms must fully understand the countries with which
they do business. To do this, firms develop
strategy based on an analysis of the environment in the foreign
country.
To help you understand this very contemporary economic
concept and apply it to global advantage,
you are required to submit a research paper that examines the
cultural, economic, and political forces in a
country of your choice. You are not permitted to use a country
where English is the primary language
spoken. India is the only exception to this. After examining
these forces, you must identify the challenges
or opportunities that firms face when trying to do business in
these countries and make recommendations
to firms entering these markets.
You may work in teams or individually to research then submit
a term paper. Teams or individuals
must select a country to research by the end of the 3rd week of
classes. A list of at least 10 references will
be submitted by the end of the 6th week of classes and an
outline by the end of the 10th week of classes.
Your final paper is due by the end of the 13th week of classes.
Check course schedule to confirm firm due
85. dates. For each component not submitted, 10 points will be
subtracted from the final term paper
before it is graded. Therefore, it is possible for a team or
individual to lose up to 30 points on the term
paper before it is submitted.
Each team or individual will submit a typewritten term paper.
Make sure you have two copies of
the paper, one to turn in and one for your own files. You may
put a copy on your hard drive but make sure
you also have it on a flash or floppy drive in addition to your
hard copies. The term paper must consist of
no more than 20 typewritten pages, 15 pages for an individual,
and will include a title page, a running head,
a header, a summary, and a list of at least 10 references. I will
go over specific details in class and give
you handouts that will help.
Use the format presented in the Publication Manual of the
American Psychological Association
(APA). Copies of this are available at the Campus Bookstore
and are also available in the La Plata
Campus Library. It is not necessary to purchase a copy. I will
go over general APA information in class.
You must, however, examine the manual for specifics.
FOLLOW THE FORMAT VERY CAREFULLY. A
TOTAL OF TEN (10) POINTS WILL BE SUBTRACTED FOR
NOT USING THE APA FORMAT. The
specific due date appears on the Tentative Schedule of
Assignments attached to this syllabus.
The final typewritten paper should include a running head,
headers, and headings as indicated in
the outline that will be given to you at a later time. See the
APA manual for information regarding running
heads, headers, and headings. Additional specifications will be
86. discussed in class. PAY ATTENTION AND
ATTEND CLASS ON THAT DAY!!!!!!!!!!!
You must reference approved magazines and newspapers. The
Wall Street Journal, the
Economist, the U.S. News & World Report and the New York
Times are highly recommended references.
Make sure that your references are diverse. I will approve
them. You may not use Wikipedia or
encyclopedias. Your best bet is to use periodicals and journals.
No books are permitted unless I
specifically approve them. Information in books are too old.
Remember, business is a dynamic filed and
not static. It is ever changing and your research must reflect
that.
Those working in teams will have the opportunity to evaluate
each other’s team performance.
While the term paper will receive one grade, your individual
grade will be a combination of the term paper
grade and your team's evaluation of your achievements and
participation. The paper grade will represent
80% of your grade and your team evaluation will represent 20%
of your grade. A copy of how your peers
will grade you is attached to your syllabus. Do not use this
form. I will make copies of forms for you to use
at the end of the semester. Team member evaluations are kept
confidential. Also, you may fire team
members no later than the last day of mid-semester week. This
should give an unemployed member time
to either do an individual term paper or find another team. In
addition, you may choose to be on a team in
any section I teach. Therefore, your individual course section is
irrelevant.
If you choose to do an individual paper you are responsible for
87. a 10 minute classroom presentation
of your findings and conclusions. You will then respond to a
five minute question/answer period. For
individuals choosing this option, 20% of the grade will be based
on the presentation and 80% of the grade
will be based on the written component. Take this presentation
seriously. Your papers will be corrected
and returned before your presentations. Therefore, you must
make changes to your presentation based on
my comments. Dress appropriately. You must use 3x5 note
cards. DO NOT READ YOUR PAPER TO
THE AUDIENCE. This will result in a failing grade. Make
sure you have at least two visuals to stress
important points. A copy of how you will be graded during the
presentation is attached to this document.
Read it very carefully. It is the basis for your grade.
Finally, while this is not a grammar class, I will be looking at
your grammar and mechanics. I
usually go over some of this during a class period at the
beginning of the semester. I am especially
concerned that students cannot make the distinction between
singular and plural. We will go over this in
class. If you do not make the distinction in your final paper, I
will subtract 1 point for each error. For
example, the United States is a country and is singular. If you
refer to it, you may not say “they decided to
evoke Special 301 status.” Instead you should say, “It decided
to evoke Special 301 status.”
I. SUMMARYII. INTRODUCTION – Discuss the use of the
Social Process Triangle as your modelIII. CULTURAL
FORCESA. PopulationB. Growth rateC. LiteracyD. Education1.
88. Skill levelE. Social structureF. Family rolesG. Basis for value
systemH. CustomsI. What does this mean for firms in your
industry wanting to do business in this country?IV. ECONOMIC
FORCESA. GDPB. Marketing – Sales, Promotion, Advertising,
etc.C. Distribution systems1. Physical infrastructure2.
Telecommunication systemsD. Financial services1. Currency
stability & Exchange Rate Mechanisms2. Interest rates3.
InflationE. Capital resources1. Production capabilities2.
TechnologyF. Property ownershipG. WorkforceH. What does
this mean for firms in your industry wanting to do business in
this country?V. POLITICAL FORCESA. Balance of payments1.
Balance of tradea) Exportb) Import2. Current Account3. Capital
Account4. Reserve AccountB. Political stability1.
Expropriation2. War/TerrorismC. Trade regulations &
standards1. Tariffs2. Non-tariff trade barriersD. Laws regarding
trade/commerce1. Intellectual Property Protection2. Antitrust3.
Transparency4. Dispute settlement5. Investment climateE.
Government procurementF. CorruptionG. Foreign exchange
controlsH. What does this mean for firms in your industry
wanting to do business in this country?VI.
OPPORTUNITIES/THREATS – For U.S firms in your industry
doing business with or in this countryVI. CONCLUSION
MACROECONOMICS TERM PAPER
TERM PAPER SPECIFICS
Governments develop and support economic systems that they
believe will give their society a
competitive advantage and worldwide recognition as a viable
global force. Every country's social system
89. is comprised of three components:
These dynamic forces are in constant motion and prove to be a
challenge to firms entering foreign
markets.
Today, a firm's competitive environment is not confined to its
national borders. Firms try to achieve
greater market share and gain competitive advantage by selling
in global markets. In order to be
successful, firms must fully understand the countries with which
they do business. To do this, firms
develop strategy based on an analysis of the environment in the
foreign country.
To help you understand this dynamic economic environment and
apply it to secure a global advantage,
you are required to submit a research paper that examines the
cultural, economic, and political forces in a
country of your choice based on an industry you selected in
prior courses. You are not permitted to use a
country where English is the primary language spoken. India is
the only exception to this. After
examining these forces, you must identify the challenges or
opportunities that firms face when trying to do
business in these countries and make recommendations to
industry firms entering these markets.
You must select a country to research. The due date is
identified in the course schedule. On the due
90. date you will submit a Topic Statement telling me which
country you have selected, why you chose it, and
what you expect to learn from the project. You should also
identify your industry. Hopefully you believe it
will be successful in that country. For example, you would not
select the beer industry and try to enter the
market in Saudi Arabia. Also, if you select a developing
country, like Kenya, your industry should be
agriculture or heavy equipment.
A list of at least 10 references will be submitted as well as an
outline as designated by the due dates. I
will provide you with seven (7) required references and a
generic outline. You will fill in the outline
specifics. Your final paper’s due date is designated in the
course schedule. Be sure to check the course
schedule to confirm firm due dates. For each component not
submitted, 10 points will be subtracted
from the final term paper before it is graded. Therefore, it is
possible for you to lose up to 30 points on
the term paper before it is submitted.
You will submit your typed term paper through a BlackBoard
drop box. Make sure you have at least one
hard copy of your paper. Keep it for your personal files. You
should put a copy on your hard drive but
make sure you also have it on a flash drive or, CD in addition to
your hard copy. The term paper must
consist of no more than 15 typewritten pages and will include a
title page, a running head, a header, a
summary, and a list of at least 10 references. Page one is your
cover page. Page 2 and possibly 3 is
your summary. Page 15 is your reference page. That takes up 3
91. and probably 4 of your pages.
Remember, you cannot write a summary until your entire paper
is written.
Use the format presented in the Publication Manual of the
American Psychological Association (APA).
Copies of this are available at the Campus Bookstore and are
also available in the La Plata Campus
Library. It is not necessary to purchase a copy. I will try to
guide you through this process. You must,
however, examine the manual for specifics. FOLLOW THE
FORMAT VERY CAREFULLY. A TOTAL
OF TEN (10) POINTS WILL BE SUBTRACTED FOR NOT
USING THE APA FORMAT. The specific
due date appears on the Tentative Course Schedule as part of
this syllabus.
Thus, this project will consist of the following components:
at (Use
NoodleTools)
You must reference approved magazines and newspapers. The
Wall Street Journal, the Economist, the
New York Times, the New York Post, the Washington Times,
the Washington Post, Bloomberg News,
Britebart.com and the U.S. News & World Report are
considerations. You are required to use the
USTR's National Trade Estimate for 2013. Make sure that your
references are diverse. This will keep
you from a skewed perspective of what is happening. You may
92. not use Wikipedia, blogs, or
encyclopedias. Your best bet is to use periodicals and journals.
No books are permitted unless I
specifically approve them. Information, in books, is too old.
Remember, business is a dynamic field and
not static. It is ever changing and your research must reflect
that. In addition to the USTR’s National
Trade Estimate for 2013, I am providing you with the following
required references:
1. USTR’s National Trade Estimate for 2013 -
http://www.ustr.gov/about-us/press-
office/reports-and-publications/2013/NTE-FTB
2. Country Commercial Guide -
http://www.buyusainfo.net/adsearch.cfm?search_type=int&load
nav=no
3. State Department (select the Fact Sheet and if available the
Library of Congress Country
Study) - http://www.state.gov/misc/list/
4. CIA World Fact Book -
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
5. Un Data: A World of Information - http://data.un.org/
6. Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands – This book is on reserve at the
library
7. Gale Group -
http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itweb/la32265?id=la32265 (this
is available at the
CSM library. When you get there click proceed and the click on
the “Gale Group Reference
Library.” Click on Nation and the World. Click on Countries
and Their Cultures. In the
93. search bar to your right, type in your country’s name and find
the publication that discusses
your country’s culture only. Everything else is too old to use.
8. kwintessential.com -
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/country-profiles.html
I provided you with the links above for these sites. Use only
two of the following three links: Kiss, Bow,
or Shake Hands; The Gale Group, and kwintessential. If you
need some help, let me know.
Finally, while this is not a grammar class, I will be looking at
your grammar and mechanics. I am
especially concerned that students cannot make the distinction
between singular and plural. If you do not
http://www.ustr.gov/about-us/press-office/reports-and-
publications/2013/NTE-FTB
http://www.ustr.gov/about-us/press-office/reports-and-
publications/2013/NTE-FTB
http://www.buyusainfo.net/adsearch.cfm?search_type=int&load
nav=no
http://www.state.gov/misc/list/
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
http://data.un.org/
http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itweb/la32265?id=la32265
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/country-profiles.html
make the distinction in your final paper, I will subtract 1 point
for each error. For example, the United
States is a country and is singular. If you refer to it, you may
not say “they decided to evoke Special 301
status.” Instead you should say, “It decided to evoke Special