This document contains a presentation by Group 5 on metabolic acidosis. It includes: - An overview of metabolic acidosis, which is caused by a build-up of acids in the blood when the kidneys cannot remove enough acid. - Signs and symptoms like headache, sleepiness, confusion, and shortness of breath. - Interventions like monitoring blood pressure, assessing level of consciousness, providing seizure precautions, and replacing fluids. - Independent interventions like monitoring heart rate and rhythm. Dependent interventions like administering sodium bicarbonate or lactate intravenously. Interdependent interventions like monitoring respiratory status and blood gases closely.

1. PRESENTATION BY GROUP 5
Acidosis
Metabolic

2. • What is it?
• Signs and symptoms
• Interventions
• Rationales
Key points

3. Metabolic acidosis is caused by a build-
up of too many acids in the blood. This
happens when your kidneys are unable to
remove enough acid from your blood.
"Doctors will say
they were caused
by acids"
Chapter 1
Normal Range
Metabolic Acidosis
Severe/Acute
Metabolic Acidosis
22-29 mEq/L
12- 22 mEq/L
<12 mEq/L

4. Kidneys.
What a pair.
“But how can
we catch them
early on?”

5. symptoms
signs &
THE
Chapter 2

6. • Headache
• Sleepiness
• Confusion
• Loss of Consciousness
• Coma

7. • Shortness of breath
• Coughing

8. • Seizures
• Weakness

9. • Arrythmia
• Increased heart rate

10. • Nausea
• Vomiting

11. • Diarrhea

12. nursing
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
Chapter 3
interventions

13. independent

14. Monitor Blood Pressure (BP)
Assess LOC and note progressive changes in
neuromuscular status
Provide seizure or coma precautions
and bed in low position, use of side
rails, frequent observation.
Monitor heart rate and rhythm

15. Observe for altered respiratory
excursion, rate, and depth.
Assess skin temperature, color, capillary refill
Auscultate bowel sounds, measure
abdominal girth as indicated.
Monitor I&O closely and weigh daily,
test and monitor urine pH

16. Provide oral hygiene with sodium bicarbonate
washes, lemon, glycerine swabs.
Monitor and graph serial ABGs, Monitor serum
electrolytes, especially potassium.
Replace fluids, as indicated
depending on underlying etiology:
D5W/saline solutions.

17. dependent

18. Sodium bicarbonate or lactate or saline IV
Potassium chloride
Phosphate
Calcium

19. Administer exchange resins
and/or assist with dialysis as
indicated.

20. interdepende
nt

21. Monitor respiratory system and ABG's
closely (If values are too bad, patient
may need intubation)
Assist with identification and treatment of
the underlying cause of metabolic acidosis.
Assist medical technologist for blood
extraction due to ABG monitoring and
other blood chemistry.

22. Modifying diet, Coordinating with
a dietitian and an attending
physician for any changes in the
diet.
Monitor urine pH, then refer to attending Physician
for any changes from normal. Coordinate with
laboratory for continuous monitoring as ordered.

23. Metabolic
Acidosis
PRESENTED BY GROUP 5
CAYAO, MARK
GARAS, BIEN
PAGULAYAN, RALPH
KIMAYONG, RAIN
LICUANAN, DANAH
RAMOS, ALTHEA
RARANG, RAISHA

24. Questions?