11. MAR APRMAY MAYJUN JUNJUL JULAUG SEP SEPOCT OCTNOV NOVDEC DECJAN FEB
2013 20142014 2015
Public Input
& Research Master Planning
MPC + Uptown
Houston + HPARD
Interview Process
Programming
& Public Input
DesignTeam
Selection
MAR APRJAN FEB
We are here
AUG
GuidingPrinciples
Presentation
PublicMeeting
InitialDesignConcepts
PublicMeeting
FinalDesignPresentation
PublicMeeting
WhatGoesWhere
12. PUBLIC INPUT
GUIDING PRINCIPLES
RESEARCH
Berg Oliver (Ecology)
John Jacob (Soils)
Hunt Design (Wayfinding)
Sherwood Design Engineers
(Civil Engineering)
Susan Turner Associates (History)
The Lighting Practice (Lighting)
ETM Associates (O & M)
Ecotech Panel
Memorial Park Conservancy
Uptown TIRZ
Houston Parks and Recreation
Department
CLIENT INPUT
PUBLIC INPUT
GUIDING PRINCIPLES
RESEARCH
Berg Oliver (Ecology)
John Jacob (Soils)
Hunt Design (Wayfinding)
Sherwood Design Engineers
(Civil Engineering)
Susan Turner Associates (History)
The Lighting Practice (Lighting)
ETM Associates (O & M)
Ecotech Panel
Memorial Park Conservancy
Uptown TIRZ
Houston Parks and Recreation
Department
CLIENT INPUT
PUBLIC INPUT
GUIDING PRINCIPLES
RESEARCH
Berg Oliver (Ecology)
John Jacob (Soils)
Hunt Design (Wayfinding)
Sherwood Design Engineers
(Civil Engineering)
Susan Turner Associates (History)
The Lighting Practice (Lighting)
ETM Associates (O & M)
Ecotech Panel
Memorial Park Conservancy
Uptown TIRZ
Houston Parks and Recreation
Department
CLIENT INPUT
13. ENGAGING HOUSTONIANS IN THE MASTER PLAN PROCESS
The master planning
team has engaged 2,950
participants in public
process via public
meetings, online input,
and focused workshops.
860 participants
Joined seven public meetings
1,829 participants
Engaged online
258 participants
Joined twenty focused workshops
14. A PARK FOR ALL HOUSTONIANS
A recent survey of 774 runners using Memorial
Park showed that people had come from 134
different zip codes, all across Houston to use
the park.
15. RECONNECT...
the land, waterways, trails, people, and memories.
CONSOLIDATE...
compatible uses together in appropriate areas.
RESTORE...
the ecology of the park and our connection to it.
ENHANCE...
the overall park experience and its amenities.
TEND...
the land and our cultural history, and through responsible management, maintain balance.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES
18. EXISTING CONDITION: IMPACTED PARK
Legend
Water features
Previously Impacted areas
Altered Buffalo Bayou
Image: 2010 Aerial Photograph; Data: aerial, Berg Oliver, Susan Turner Associates
19. VISION: LIMIT AREAS OF FUTURE IMPACT TO THOSE ALTERED BY PAST DEVELOPMENT
Legend
Previously Impacted areas
Cultural Resources
Image: 2010 Aerial Photograph; Data: aerial, Berg Oliver, Susan Turner Associates
20. EXISTING CONDITION: PROGRAM AREAS SMALL AND FRAGMENTED
Legend
Active recreation
Arboretum and Nature Center
Urban Wilderness (trail use)
Picnic Area
Image: 2010 Aerial Photograph; Data: aerial, Berg Oliver, Susan Turner Associates
21. VISION: COHESIVE PARK PROGRAM AND EXPERIENCES
Legend
Active recreation
Urban wilderness (trail use)
Arboretum and Nature Center
Relocated active recreation
Historical Resources
Dispersed picnic areas
Image: 2010 Aerial Photograph; Data: aerial, Berg Oliver, Susan Turner Associates
22. EXISTING CONDITION: CORRIDOR ROADBLOCKS & SCATTERED PROGRAM
Riparian Forest
Pine-Hardwood Forest
Pine-Hardwood Savannah
Native Prairie
Naturalized Golf Course
Ponds and Stream Corridors
Wet Savannah and Pairie
Bog Areas
Legend
Riparian Forest
Pine-Hardwood Forest
Pine-Hardwood Savannah
Native Prairie
Naturalized Golf Course
Ponds and Stream Corridors
Wet Savannah and Pairie
Bog Areas
Legend
23. The design seeks to reconnect
ecological corridors. Continuous
flows of water, wildlife, and plant
communities will be restored
through restoration of four
habitat types:
1. Riparian forests
2. Pine/Hardwood Forests
3. Savannah landscapes
4. Discrete Native Prairie
VISION: PROPOSED PLANT COMMUNITY RESTORATION
Riparian Forest
Pine-Hardwood Forest
Pine-Hardwood Savannah
Native Prairie
Naturalized Golf Course
Ponds and Stream Corridors
Wet Savannah and Pairie
Bog Areas
Legend
25. The park's vegetation has
changed from a dominant
composition of forest to
savannah.
While this marks a radical
shift from the past 50 years,
it is beginning to return to a
landscape that would have
been familiar to the Karankawa:
one that is more resilient to
fluctuating weather patterns and
more hospitable to a diverse mix
of fauna.
EXISTING VEGETATION - ONGOING BERG OLIVER SITE INVESTIGATION (ENVIRO. SCIENTISTS)
Savannah
Forest
Prairie
Legend
26. The design team has been
working with local ecological
consultant Berg Oliver
Associates to refine this
vision and define the steps
that it would take to make the
restoration a reality.
VISION: PROPOSED PLANT COMMUNITY RESTORATION
Riparian Forest
Pine-Hardwood Forest
Pine-Hardwood Savannah
Native Prairie
Naturalized Golf Course
Ponds and Stream Corridors
Wet Savannah and Pairie
Bog Areas
Legend
28. I-610/KatyFreeway
Buffalo Bayou
Buffalo Bayou
River Oaks Country Club
ADVANCED ECOLOGY'S INITIAL VEGETATION ASSESSMENT
Overstory canopy trees over 6" diameter trunk at breast height
Old Archery Range (OAR) Hogg Bird Sanctuary
29. Midstory Species 12’ - 25’
Understory Species < 12 feet
exotic
invasives
native
invasives
natives
Overstory Species > 25’
native invasives
exotic
invasives
native
exoticinvasives
native
invasives
natives: <0.25%
A.E.L. (ADVANCED ECOLOGY, LTD) INITIAL INVASIVE SPECIES ASSESSMENT
30. Austin
Beaumont
Brownsville
McAllen
Bryan
Corpus Christi
Galveston
Houston
Lake Charles
Laredo
Lufkin
San
Antonio
Victoria
Temple
Big Thicket
National Preserve
Padre Island
National Seashore
Matamoros
Reynosa
Kingsville
Kerrville
e
Llano
34
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
32c
29e
33b
35e
35e33f
33f
33f
33f
30b
33c
33b
30c
33b
35f
35f35b35f32b
32b
34a
34a
33e
33b
34a
34g
33b
34c
34c
34c
34c
32c
32b
34g
34a
34a
31c
31a
34h
34a
34h
31d
31d
34b
34h
34h
34i
34i
34i
34d
34e
34f
32a
34h
34h
34b
32c
33b
33c
32c
34a
Colorado
ver
Neches
River
Guadalupe
S
an
Antoni
o
River
River
River
River
a River
BrazosRiver
Grande
G U L F O F M E X I C O
N ue
ces
River
LagunaMadre
Lake
Livingston
ReservoirSam Rayburn
Res.
Lake
Conroe
Matagorda Bay
Galveston
Bay
Falcon
Reservoir
re
Pedernales
River
o River
Navasota
River
SabineRiver
Frio
R iver
ON
26°
27°
28°
29°
30°
31°
SCALE 1:2 500 000
60102030 120 mi0
120 240 km0204060
this region are mostly Mollisols with shallow
by juniper-oak savanna and mesquite-oak sa
wildlife. Hunting leases are a major source
vegetation patterns on the Edwards Plateau
browsers, and in the absence of fire, Ashe jun
3 2 . T e x a s B l a c k l a
The Texas Blackland Prairies form a disju
predominantly prairie potential natural vegeta
and marl parent materials. Unlike tallgrass p
Mollisols. Dominant grasses included little blu
of cropland than adjacent regions; pasture and
industrial uses. Typical game species include
Less than one percent of the original vegetation remains in the T
several small parcels across the region. A transitional prairie typ
shown here. These remnant prairies contain imperiled plant com
many bird species and other fauna. Restoration activities in som
prescribed burning, haying, and bison grazing. Photo: Lee Stone,
The Llano Uplift (30b) contains rocks that are distinctly differen
Edwards Plateau. Exposed pink crystalline granite, such as Enc
domelike hills that often contain unique plant communities.
Austin
Beaumont
Brownsville
McAllen
Bryan
Corpus Christi
Galveston
Houston
Lake Charles
Laredo
Lufkin
San
Antonio
Victoria
Temple
Big Thicket
National Preserve
Padre Island
National Seashore
Matamoros
Reynosa
Kingsville
Kerrville
e
Llano
34
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
32c
29e
33b
35e
35e33f
33f
33f
33f
30b
33c
33b
30c
33b
35f
35f35b35f32b
32b
34a
34a
33e
33b
34a
34g
33b
34c
34c
34c
34c
32c
32b
34g
34a
34a
31c
31a
34h
34a
34h
31d
31d
34b
34h
34h
34i
34i
34i
34d
34e
34f
32a
34h
34h
34b
32c
33b
33c
32c
34a
Colorado
ver
Neches
River
Guadalupe
S
an
Antoni
o
River
River
River
River
a River
BrazosRiver
Grande
G U L F O F M E X I C O
N ue
ces
River
LagunaMadre
Lake
Livingston
ReservoirSam Rayburn
Res.
Lake
Conroe
Matagorda Bay
Galveston
Bay
Falcon
Reservoir
re
Pedernales
River
o River
Navasota
River
SabineRiver
Frio
R iver
ON
26°
27°
28°
29°
30°
31°
SCALE 1:2 500 000
60102030 120 mi0
120 240 km0204060
this region are mostly Mollisols with shallow
by juniper-oak savanna and mesquite-oak sa
wildlife. Hunting leases are a major source
vegetation patterns on the Edwards Plateau
browsers, and in the absence of fire, Ashe jun
3 2 . T e x a s B l a c k l a
The Texas Blackland Prairies form a disju
predominantly prairie potential natural vegeta
and marl parent materials. Unlike tallgrass p
Mollisols. Dominant grasses included little blu
of cropland than adjacent regions; pasture and
industrial uses. Typical game species include
Less than one percent of the original vegetation remains in the T
several small parcels across the region. A transitional prairie typ
shown here. These remnant prairies contain imperiled plant com
many bird species and other fauna. Restoration activities in som
prescribed burning, haying, and bison grazing. Photo: Lee Stone,
The Llano Uplift (30b) contains rocks that are distinctly differen
Edwards Plateau. Exposed pink crystalline granite, such as Enc
domelike hills that often contain unique plant communities.
PRINCIPAL AUTHORS: Glenn E. Griffith (Dynamac Corporation), Sandra A. Bryce (Dynamac Corporation),
James M. Omernik (USGS), Jeffrey A. Comstock (Indus Corporation), Anne C. Rogers (TCEQ), Bill Harrison
(TCEQ), Stephen L. Hatch (Texas A&M University), and David Bezanson (Natural Area Preservation Association).
COLLABORATORS AND CONTRIBUTORS: Philip A. Crocker (USEPA), Art Crowe (TCEQ), Micheal Golden
(NRCS), Susan Casby-Horton (NRCS), James Greenwade (NRCS), Conrad Neitsch (NRCS), Shannen S. Chapman
(Dynamac Corporation), Augie De La Cruz (TCEQ), Kevin Wagner (Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board
[TSSWCB]), Richard Egg (TSSWCB), Alan J. Woods (Oregon State University), Clark Hubbs (University of
Texas), David L. Certain (The Nature Conservancy) and Thomas R. Loveland (USGS).
REVIEWERS: Charles T. Hallmark (Texas A&M University), Gordon Linam (Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department [TPWD]), Milo Pyne (NatureServe), Judy Teague (NatureServe), and Raymond C. Telfair II (TPWD).
CITING THIS POSTER: Griffith, G.E., Bryce, S.A., Omernik, J.M., Comstock, J.A., Rogers, A.C., Harrison, B.,
Hatch, S.L., and Bezanson, D., 2004, Ecoregions of Texas (color poster with map, descriptive text, and photographs):
Reston, Virginia, U.S. Geological Survey (map scale 1:2,500,000).
This project was partially supported by funds from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region VI, Regional Applied Research Effort
Austin
Oklahoma City
Santa Fe
Abilene
Albuquerque
Amarillo
Beaumont
Brownsville
McAllen
Bryan
Carlsbad
Corpus Christi
Dallas
Del Rio
El Paso
Fort Smith
Fort
Worth
Galveston
Hot Springs
Houston
Lake Charles
Laredo
Las Cruces
Longview
Lubbock
Lufkin
Midland
Nacogdoches
Odessa
Pecos
Roswell
San Angelo
San
Antonio
Sherman
Shreveport
Texarkana
Clovis
Tulsa
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Temple
Wichita
Falls
Ciudad Juarez
Guadalupe Mtns.
National Park
Big Thicket
National Preserve
Padre Island
National Seashore
Big Bend
National Park
Matamoros
Reynosa
Nuevo Laredo
Ciudad Acuña
Arlington
Denton
Paris
Big Spring
Kingsville
Brownwood
Fort Stockton
Kerrville
Norman
Lawton
Uvalde
Llano
25
26
39
22
38
23
23
23
23
37
36
35
35
34
23
29
27
25
26
21
21
24
40
28
35
33
37
39
24
25e 26a
26a
25b
26a
26a
26d
25i
27h
26c
26c
27h
26b
26b
27h
26b
25j
27i
35g
35g
29b
29b
29c
35c
35c
35c
35a
33a
29d
35c
26b
32a
25j
27h
26b
33d
33d
33d
33d
35a
27j
33f
33f
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
35b
25j
35a
26b
29f
33d
25k
26b
25j
33f
32c
32c
35a
30d
24a
29e
24b
24a
23b
23a
24a
30d
33b24c
24d
24d
35e
35e
24e
24e
24c
24c
30a
24c
24d
24b
24b
24e
33f
33f
33f
33f
30b
33
c
33b
30c
24b
33b
35f
35f
24d
24b
35b35f32b
24c 24a
32b
34a
34a
33e
33b
34a
34g
33b
34c
34c
34c
34c
31b
32c
32b
34g
34a
34a
31c
31a
34h
34a
34h
31d
31d
31d
34b
34h
34h
34i
34i
34i
34d
34e
34f
24d
24d
24d
32a
24d
24c
24d
24d
34h
34h
34b
32c
33b
33
c
35c
25b
24d
35a
35c
32c
24b
34a
Colorado
Sabine
Trin
ityRiver
Neches
River
River
Guadalupe
Peco
s
River
Canadian
River
S
an
Antoni
o
River
River
River
R
io
Red River
Red
River
Leon
River
Llano
River
San Saba River
BrazosRiver
R
io
Grande
Grande
G U L F O F M E X I C O
Lake
Arrowhead
N ue
ces
River
LagunaMadre
Cim
arron
Riv
er
Arkansa
s
R iver
Lake
Livingston
Toledo Bend
ReservoirSam Rayburn
Res.
Lake
Conroe
Matagorda Bay
Galveston
Bay
Cedar
Creek
Res.
Lake
Tawakoni
Lewisville
Lake
Falcon
Reservoir
Lake
Texoma
LagunaMadre
Lake
Meredith
Amistad
Reservoir
Laguna de
Guzmán
Pedernales
River
Colorado River
Br
azos
River
Canadian
River
Navasota
River
SabineRiver
Wichi
ta
River
Paluxy
River
Frio
R iver
RiverSulphur
Pecos
River
KANSAS
OKLAHOMA
ARKANSAS
LOUISIANA
MISSOURI
COLORADO
NEWMEXICO
UN
ITED
ST
AT
ES
MEX
ICO
NUEV
O
LE
ON
TA
M
AU
LI
PA
S
COAHUILA
CH
IH
UAHUA
107°
107°
106°
106°
105°
105°
104°
104°
103°
103°
102°
102°
101°
101°
100°
100° 99°
99°
98°
98°
97°
97°
96°
96°
95°
95°
94°
94°
93°
25° 25°
26° 26°
27° 27°
28° 28°
29° 29°
30° 30°
31° 31°
32° 32°
33° 33°
34° 34°
35° 35°
36° 36°
37° 37°
SCALE 1:2 500 000
Albers equal area projection
Standard parallels 27˚ 30' N and 34˚ 30' N
60102030 120 mi0
120 240 km0204060
23 Arizona/New Mexico Mountains
23a Chihuahuan Desert Slopes
23b Montane Woodlands
24 Chihuahuan Deserts
24a Chihuahuan Basins and Playas
24b Chihuahuan Desert Grasslands
24c Low Mountains and Bajadas
24d Chihuahuan Montane Woodlands
24e Stockton Plateau
25 High Plains
25b Rolling Sand Plains
25e Canadian/Cimarron High Plains
25i Llano Estacado
25j Shinnery Sands
25k Arid Llano Estacado
26 Southwestern Tablelands
26a Canadian/Cimarron Breaks
26b Flat Tablelands and Valleys
26c Caprock Canyons, Badlands, and Breaks
26d Semiarid Canadian Breaks
27 Central Great Plains
27h Red Prairie
27i Broken Red Plains
27j Limestone Plains
29 Cross Timbers
29b Eastern Cross Timbers
29c Western Cross Timbers
29d Grand Prairie
29e Limestone Cut Plain
29f Carbonate Cross Timbers
30 Edwards Plateau
30a Edwards Plateau Woodland
30b Llano Uplift
30c Balcones Canyonlands
30d Semiarid Edwards Plateau
31 Southern Texas Plains
31a Northern Nueces Alluvial Plains
31b Semiarid Edwards Bajada
31c Texas-Tamaulipan Thornscrub
31d Rio Grande Floodplain and Terraces
32 Texas Blackland Prairies
32a Northern Blackland Prairie
32b Southern Blackland Prairie
32c Floodplains and Low Terraces
33 East Central Texas Plains
33a Northern Post Oak Savanna
33b Southern Post Oak Savanna
33c San Antonio Prairie
33d Northern Prairie Outliers
33e Bastrop Lost Pines
33f Floodplains and Low Terraces
34 Western Gulf Coastal Plain
34a Northern Humid Gulf Coastal Prairies
34b Southern Subhumid Gulf Coastal Prairies
34c Floodplains and Low Terraces
34d Coastal Sand Plain
34e Lower Rio Grande Valley
34f Lower Rio Grande Alluvial Floodplain
34g Texas-Louisiana Coastal Marshes
34h Mid-Coast Barrier Islands and Coastal Marshes
34i Laguna Madre Barrier Islands and Coastal Marshes
35 South Central Plains
35a Tertiary Uplands
35b Floodplains and Low Terraces
35c Pleistocene Fluvial Terraces
35e Southern Tertiary Uplands
35f Flatwoods
35g Red River Bottomlands
Level III ecoregion
Level IV ecoregion
County boundary
State boundary
International boundary
2 77
1
1
4
9
3
11
17
78
50
18 47
5352
17
57
56 62
13
67
67
19
6
5
25
62
44
21
57
54
7
64
55 70
69
63
27
27
72
20 40
40
1
45
26
71
65
28
22
39
66
68
8
73
73
74
63
29
6 38
25
37
36
35
23
32
49
46
48
50
51
23
24
79
33
10
15 41
58
42
43
59
83
58
60
42
17
82
58
84
65
66
61
16
81
12
14
80
1 Coast Range
2 Puget Lowland
3 Willamette Valley
4 Cascades
5 Sierra Nevada
6 Southern and Central California
Chaparral and Oak Woodlands
7 Central California Valley
8 Southern California Mountains
9 Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills
10 Columbia Plateau
11 Blue Mountains
12 Snake River Plain
13 Central Basin and Range
14 Mojave Basin and Range
15 Northern Rockies
16 Idaho Batholith
17 Middle Rockies
18 Wyoming Basin
19 Wasatch and Uinta Mountains
20 Colorado Plateaus
21 Southern Rockies
22 Arizona/New Mexico Plateau
23 Arizona/New Mexico Mountains
29 Cross Timbers
30 Edwards Plateau
31 Southern Texas Plains
32 Texas Blackland Prairies
33 East Central Texas Plains
34 Western Gulf Coastal Plain
35 South Central Plains
36 Ouachita Mountains
37 Arkansas Valley
38 Boston Mountains
39 Ozark Highlands
40 Central Irregular Plains
41 Canadian Rockies
42 Northwestern Glaciated Plains
43 Northwestern Great Plains
44 Nebraska Sand Hills
45 Piedmont
46 Northern Glaciated Plains
47 Western Corn Belt Plains
48 Lake Agassiz Plain
49 Northern Minnesota Wetlands
50 Northern Lakes and Forests
51 North Central Hardwood Forests
52 Driftless Area
57 Huron/Erie Lake Plains
58 Northeastern Highlands
59 Northeastern Coastal Zone
60 Northern Appalachian Plateau
and Uplands
61 Erie Drift Plain
62 North Central Appalachians
63 Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain
64 Northern Piedmont
65 Southeastern Plains
66 Blue Ridge
67 Ridge and Valley
68 Southwestern Appalachians
69 Central Appalachians
70 Western Allegheny Plateau
71 Interior Plateau
72 Interior River Valleys and Hills
73 Mississippi Alluvial Plain
74 Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
75 Southern Coastal Plain
76 Southern Florida Coastal Plain
77 North Cascades
78 Klamath Mountains
79 Madrean Archipelago
Level III Ecoregions of the Conterminous United States
2 5 . H i g h P l a i n s
Higher and drier than the Central Great Plains (27
Great Plains (43) to the north, much of the High
Grama-buffalograss is the potential natural veget
savanna to the south, and taller grasses to the east
wheat and sorghum and the southern limit of sprin
3 0 . E d w a r d s P l a t e a
This ecoregion is largely a dissected limestone pla
regions by a sharp fault line. The region contains
substrate) and resulting underground drainage, str
this region are mostly Mollisols with shallow and
by juniper-oak savanna and mesquite-oak savann
wildlife. Hunting leases are a major source of
vegetation patterns on the Edwards Plateau. It i
browsers, and in the absence of fire, Ashe juniper
3 4 . W e s t e r n G u l f C o
The principal distinguishing characteristics of the
vegetation. Inland from this region the plains are o
of these characteristics, a higher percentage of the
are the principal crops. Urban and industrial land u
3 2 . T e x a s B l a c k l a n
The Texas Blackland Prairies form a disjunct
predominantly prairie potential natural vegetation
and marl parent materials. Unlike tallgrass prairie
Mollisols. Dominant grasses included little blueste
of cropland than adjacent regions; pasture and fora
industrial uses. Typical game species include mou
P
ar
th
of
N
Barrier islands, peninsulas, bays, lagoons, marshes, estuaries, and flat
34. The region has been greatly modified. About 35 percent of the stat
of its industrial base, commerce, and jobs are located within 100 miles
half of the United States’ chemical and petroleum production is locate
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Less than one percent of the original vegetation remains in the Texas B
several small parcels across the region. A transitional prairie type at th
shown here. These remnant prairies contain imperiled plant communit
many bird species and other fauna. Restoration activities in some of th
prescribed burning, haying, and bison grazing. Photo: Lee Stone, City of
The Llano Uplift (30b) contains rocks that are distinctly different from
Edwards Plateau. Exposed pink crystalline granite, such as Enchanted
domelike hills that often contain unique plant communities.
Much of the surface water in Ecoregion 25 in the Texas Panhandle occ
that form in small depressions. Many of these shallow recharge wetlan
modified or converted to cropland or feedlot uses. Photo: Loren M. Smit
S
po
G
gr
tr
to
B
T
bu
ty
E
ar
m
su
lo
sp
w
er
gr
th
gr
Literature Cited:
Bailey, R.G., Avers, P.E., King, T., and McNab, W.H., eds., 1994, Ecoregions and subregions of the United States
(map) (supplementary table of map unit descriptions compiled and edited by McNab, W.H., and Bailey, R.G.):
Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, scale 1:7,500,000.
Bryce, S.A., Omernik, J.M., and Larsen, D.P., 1999, Ecoregions - a geographic framework to guide risk
characterization and ecosystem management: Environmental Practice, v. 1, no. 3, p. 141-155.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation Working Group, 1997, Ecological regions of North America - toward a
common perspective: Montreal, Quebec, Commission for Environmental Cooperation, 71 p.
Gallant, A.L., Whittier, T.R., Larsen, D.P., Omernik, J.M., and Hughes, R.M., 1989, Regionalization as a tool for
managing environmental resources: Corvallis, Oregon, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/3-
89/060, 152 p.
McMahon, G., Gregonis, S.M., Waltman, S.W., Omernik, J.M., Thorson, T.D., Freeouf, J.A., Rorick, A.H., and
Keys, J.E., 2001, Developing a spatial framework of common ecological regions for the conterminous United
States: Environmental Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 293-316.
Omernik, J.M., 1987, Ecoregions of the conterminous United States (map supplement): Annals of the Association
of American Geographers, v. 77, no. 1, p. 118-125, scale 1:7,500,000.
Omernik, J.M., 1995, Ecoregions - a spatial framework for environmental management, in Davis, W.S., and Simon,
T.P., eds., Biological assessment and criteria-tools for water resource planning and decision making: Boca Raton,
Florida, Lewis Publishers, p. 49-62.
Omernik, J.M., Chapman, S.S., Lillie, R.A., and Dumke, R.T., 2000, Ecoregions of Wisconsin: Transactions of the
Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, v. 88, no. 2000, p. 77-103.
U.S. Department of Agriculture-Soil Conservation Service, 1981, Land resource regions and major land resource
areas of the United States: Agriculture Handbook 296, 156 p.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2003, Level III ecoregions of the continental United States (revision of
Omernik, 1987): Corvallis, Oregon, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-National Health and Environmental
Effects Research Laboratory, Map M-1, various scales.
Wiken, E., 1986, Terrestrial ecozones of Canada: Ottawa, Environment Canada, Ecological Land Classification
Series no. 19, 26 p.
Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity
of environmental resources. They are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research,
assessment, management, and monitoring of ecosystems and ecosystem components. By
recognizing the spatial differences in the capacities and potentials of ecosystems, ecoregions
stratify the environment by its probable response to disturbance (Bryce and others, 1999). These
general purpose regions are critical for structuring and implementing ecosystem management
strategies across federal agencies, state agencies, and nongovernment organizations that are
responsible for different types of resources within the same geographical areas (Omernik and
others, 2000).
The approach used to compile this map is based on the premise that ecological regions are
hierarchical and can be identified through the analysis of the spatial patterns and the composition
of biotic and abiotic phenomena that affect or reflect differences in ecosystem quality and
integrity (Wiken 1986; Omernik 1987, 1995). These phenomena include geology, physiography,
vegetation, climate, soils, land use, wildlife, and hydrology. The relative importance of each
characteristic varies from one ecological region to another regardless of the hierarchical level. A
Roman numeral hierarchical scheme has been adopted for different levels of ecological regions.
Level I is the coarsest level, dividing North America into 15 ecological regions. Level II divides
the continent into 52 regions (Commission for Environmental Cooperation Working Group
1997). At level III, the continental United States contains 104 ecoregions and the conterminous
United States has 84 ecoregions (United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA]
2003). Level IV, depicted here for the State of Texas, is a further refinement of level III
ecoregions. Explanations of the methods used to define the USEPA’s ecoregions are given in
Omernik (1995), Omernik and others (2000), and Gallant and others (1989).
Ecological and biological diversity of Texas is enormous. The state contains barrier islands and
coastal lowlands, large river floodplain forests, rolling plains and plateaus, forested hills, deserts,
and a variety of aquatic habitats. There are 12 level III ecoregions and 56 level IV ecoregions in
Texas and most continue into ecologically similar parts of adjacent states in the U.S. or Mexico.
The level III and IV ecoregions on this poster were compiled at a scale of 1:250,000 and depict
revisions and subdivisions of earlier level III ecoregions that were originally compiled at a
smaller scale (USEPA 2003; Omernik 1987). This poster is part of a collaborative project
primarily between USEPA Region VI, USEPA National Health and Environmental Effects
Research Laboratory (Corvallis, Oregon), Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ),
and the United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service
(NRCS). Collaboration and consultation also occurred with the United States Department of the
Interior-Geological Survey (USGS)-Earth Resources Observation Systems Data Center, and with
other State of Texas agencies and universities.
The project is associated with an interagency effort to develop a common framework of
ecological regions (McMahon and others, 2001). Reaching that objective requires recognition of
the differences in the conceptual approaches and mapping methodologies applied to develop the
most common ecoregion-type frameworks, including those developed by the United States Forest
Service (Bailey and others, 1994), the USEPA (Omernik 1987, 1995), and the NRCS (U.S.
Department of Agriculture-Soil Conservation Service, 1981). As each of these frameworks is
further refined, their differences are becoming less discernible. Regional collaborative projects
such as this one in Texas, where some agreement has been reached among multiple resource
management agencies, are a step toward attaining consensus and consistency in ecoregion
frameworks for the entire nation.
Ecoregions of Texas
Memorial Park sits within the West
Gulf Coastal Plain which spans
the entire US coast from Texas to
Louisiana. This ecosystem has
a unique palette of plants and
characteristics.
The Nature Conservancy counts
it as one of earth’s most diverse
and valuable ecosystems with
more than 30 species of plants
per square meter.
ECOREGION: TEXAS’ WESTERN GULF COASTAL PLAIN
32. The cool, dense shade from the diverse mix of trees cre-
ate the unique character of the bottomland forests of the
bayou. A limited mix of invasive species dominate the
understory, obscuring views, native plants, and the rich
biological diversity of a healthy forest. The soil is mark-
edly sandier, and coupled with the controlled water flow
from Barker ’s and Addicks reservoirs, the river banks are
steep, unstable, and highly erosive. A lack of grasses and
shrubs at the water’s edge is evident.
A dense mature mixed bottomland hardwood forest will
continue to dominate the majority of the riparian corridor
(Populus deltoides, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Platanus oc-
cidentalis, Quercus phellos, Q. pagoda, Q. texana, Fraxi-
nus caroliniana, Diospyros virginiana. Nyssa sylvatica with
some Pinus taeda). Invasives will be removed, allowing
for a more transparent healthier and more diverse under-
story. The forest floor on shallower slopes will be loosely
populated with ferns (Lorinseria areolata, and Onoclea
sensibilis), limited shade-tolerant and water-loving grass-
es and other perennials (Elymus Canadensis, Dichanthe-
lium dichotomum var. ensifolium, and Chasmanthium
sessiliflorum, Desmanthus illinoensis, Hymenocallis liri-
osme, Iris virginica, Eupatorium serotinum, Mitchella re-
pens L., Lobelia cardinalis, and Erigeron philadelphicus)
will be re-established (Tripsacum dactyloides, Dichan-
thelium dichotomum var. ensifolium, and Chasmanthium
sessiliflorum), perennials (Hymenocallis liriosme, Iris virg-
inica, Eupatorium serotinum, Mitchella repens L., Lobelia
puberula, and Erigeron philadelphicus) and select shrubs
(Indigo miniata, Sambucus canadensis, Bidens albaaris-
tosa, and Agarista populifolia).
On the banks approaching and adjacent to the water’s
edge , obligate and facultative wetland grasses (Equise-
tum, Elocharis montana, Juncus rowmerianus, Tripsacum
dactyloides, Tridens strictus, Paspalum floridanum, and
Panicum hemitomon) will become more dense, provid-
ing critical cover, nesting habitat, and forage for wildlife.
Shrubs and understory canopy trees will serve a similar
purpose and help stabilize slopes (Betula nigra, Celtis
laevigata, Cyrilla racemiflora, and Crataegus opaca).
This area will not have a regular understory manage-
ment regime, but it will require a regular regime of inva-
sive species control. Dead wood will be left undisturbed,
standing or fallen, for wildlife habitat, except where it en-
croaches on trails and program areas, proving a risk to
people.
Existing Condition
Design Vision
RIPARIAN CORRIDORS: EXISTING VS. RESTORED
33. RIPARIAN CORRIDORS RESTORED ECOLOGY SECTION
Panicum hemitomon / Maidencane
Juncus rowmerianus / Black Needlerush
Scirpus pungens / American Bullrush
Eleocharis montana / Knotty Spike-Rush
Salix nigra / Black Willow Quercus phellos / Willow Oak Agarista populifolia / Wax Mertle
Celtis laevigata / Sugarberry or Sugar Hickory
Lorinseria areolata / Chain Fern Persea borbonia / Red Bay Eupatorium serotinum / Boneset
Scirpus validus / Soft-stem Bullrush
Tridens strictus / Long-Spike Tridens
Sambucus canadensis / Elderberry Quercus pagoda / Cherrybark Oak Bidens alba / Romerillo
Carya texana / Black hickory
Onoclea sensibilis / Sensitive Fern Betula nigra / River Birch Callicarpa americana / Beautyberry
Acer negundo / Box Elder
Cyrilla racemiflora / Swamp Titi Platanus occidentalis / American Sycamore Sambucus canadensis / Elderberry
Fraxinus pennsylvanica / Green Ash
Dryopteris marginalis / Common Wood Fern Quercus texana / Texas Red Oak Bidens alba / Romerillo
16 ft.
32 ft.
48 ft.
64 ft.
34. C
RESTORED BARRANCOS & RIPARIAN EDGES
Typical Section
Locations in Memorial Park & Section Key
35. The upper reaches of the Bayou riparian corridor as well
as the ravines that stretch into the park, “barrancos” are
characterized by their steep slopes, sandy soil, and di-
verse well-drained mixed hardwood forest. Many bike
and pedestrian trails currently crisscross along and
through these slopes, exacerbating an already unstable
soil condition. The understory is dominated by invasive
species.
At this edge where the well-drained slope nears the ter-
race flats and the dense forest from the bayou begins to
open up, trees transition to hardwood and pine species
that can withstand periods of drought and inundation.
Overstory canopy trees (Acer negundo, Liquidamber
styraciflua, Magnolia grandiflora, Pinus tTaeda and echi-
nata, Ulmus alata and nigra, and Quercus michauxiii)
and understory trees (Asimina triloba, Cornus drummon-
diisp., Diospyros virginianaCarpinus caroliniana, Cratae-
gus drummondii and marshallii) will become dominant
features of this landscape as understory invasives are
cleared out to expose their unique character and quality
of light.
On average, the ground plane will consist of 25% shrubs
and 25% herbaceous plants. This loose and scattered
shade-tolerant shrub layer will provide wildlife habitat
and forage and to stabilize these sandy and highly ero-
sive slopes (Agarista populifolia, Callicarpa aAmericana,
Phlox divaricata,Rubus trivialis). The establishment of a
native shrub palette will be important for when invasives
are removed to minimize disturbance.
With more pine straw on the forest floor and dappled
sunlight, only certain grasses and other perennials
(Chasmanthium latifolium and sessiliflorum, Elymus vir-
ginicus, Paspalum plicatum, and Eupatorium perfoliatum-
serotinum Mitchella repens L., and Dryopteris marginalis),
and ferns (Dryopteris marginalis, Lorinseria areolata, and
Onoclea sensibilis) will thrive here.
Design Vision
BARRANCOS & RIPARIAN EDGES: EXISTING VS. RESTORED
Existing Condition
36. BARRANCO RESTORED ECOLOGY SECTION
Ulmus alata / Winged Elm
Quercus michauxii / Swamp Chestnut Oak
Asimina triloba / Pawpaw
Carpinus caroliniana / American hornbeam
Salix nigra / Black Willow
Acer negundo / Box Elder
Liquidamber styraciflua / Sweetgum
Crataegus mollis / Downy Hawthorne
Quercus nigra / Water oak
Crataegus marshallii / Parsley Hawthorne
Gleditsia triacanthos / Honey Locust
Fraxinus caroliniana / Carolina Buckthorn
Betula nigra / River Birch
Nyssa sylvatica / Black Tupelo
Platanus occidentalis / American Sycamore
Celtis laevigata / Sugarberry or Sugar Hickory
Cyrilla racemiflora / Swamp Titi
Populus deltoides / Cottonwood
Crataegus opaca/ Mayhaw
Persea borbonia / Red Bay
Ulmus crassifolia / Cedar Elm
Dryopteris marginalis/ Common Wood Fern Dichanthelium dichotomum / Delicate Panicum Juncus rowmerianus / Black Needlerush Panicum anceps / Beaked Panicum
Onoclea sensibilis / Sensitive Fern Tridens strictus / Long-Spike Tridens Panicum hemitomon / Maidencane Paspalum plicatulum / Brownseed Paspalum
Lorinseria areolata / Chain Fern Chasmanthium latifolium / Inland Sea Oats Paspalum floridanum / Florida Paspalum Dichanthelium dichotomum / Delicate Panicum
16 ft.
32 ft.
48 ft.
64 ft.
80 ft.
38. The steep sandy slopes of the bayou and barrancos give
way quickly to the flat broad terrace of Memorial Park.
Other disparate patches of pine-hardwood forest have
become established across the site over the past 100
years.
The vegetative composition of this forest is currently a
jumbled mix of incredibly dense invasive species in the
understory and pine and hardwood trees that are hard
to spot. Many of the trees were badly damaged during
the most recent drought and hurricane. Some have been
removed and others remain standing.
These woods will range in density from 150 trees per
acre closest to the riparian corridor to more open at 100
trees per acre on the edges that border savannah. The
dominance of pine or hardwood trees will depend on the
type of soil. Those that are pine-dominant, (Pinus taeda
and to be established Pinus echinata) will be scattered
with stands/motts of dry-mesic hardwoods (Carya spp.;
Quercus alba, falcata, virginiana, prinus and stellata;
Morus rubra; Celtis occidentalis; Sassafrass albidium;
Liquidambar styraciflua, Catalpa bignonoides and Tilia
Caroliniana).
On average, the ground plane will consist of 25% shrubs
and 25% herbaceous plants. Shrubs will tend to be loose
in structure and planted in odd groupings of 3-5 (Agarista
populifolia, Callicarpa Americana, Rubus trivialis). Peren-
nials will be planted similarly and en masse (Amsonia
illustris, Cooperia drummondii, Desmanthus illinoensis,
Conoclinium coelestinumDryopteris marginalis, and
Mitchella repens L.). Grasses will be diverse in species
and follow a similar form and distribution as perennials
(Tripsacum dactyloides, Elymus virginicus L., Chasman-
thium sessiliflorum, Muhlenbergia capillaris, Schizachy-
rium scoparium, Panicum virgatum) as will ferns (Pteridi-
um aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. pseudocaudatum, Dryopteris
marginalis).
Clearing of brush on a bi- or triennial basis will be neces-
sary in this landscape to keep the forest floor open and to
keep hardwoods from becoming too dense. A rigorous
invasive species management regime will be necessary.
Design Vision
PINE-HARDWOOD FOREST: EXISTING VS. RESTORED
Existing Condition
39. PINE-HARDWOOD FOREST RESTORED ECOLOGY SECTION
Pinus echinata / Short-Leaf PineLeucothoe populifolia / Florida Leucothoe Eupatorium serotinum / Boneset
Crataegus texana / Texas Hawthorn
Cooperia drummondii / Rain LillyQuercus falcata / Southern Red Oak
Quercus prinus / Chestnut Oak
Muhlenbergia capillaris / Gulf MuhleyQuercus alba / White oak
Quercus stellata / Post Oak
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus / Coral Berry
Sassafras albidum / Sassafras
Quercus stellata / Post OakCarya illinoensis / Pecan
Itea virginica / Sweetspire Onoclea sensibilis / Sensitive Fern
Schizachyrium scoparium / Little BluestemRubus trivialis / Dewberry
Celtis occidentalis / Hackberry
Quercus virginiana / Southern Live OakMorus rubra / Red Mulberry
Pinus taeda / Loblolly PineAgarista populifolia / Florida Hobblebush Mitchella repens L. / Partridgeberry
Catalpa bignonoides / Southern Catalpa
Amsonia illustris / Showy Blue StarQuercus alba / White Oak
Andropogon ternarius Michx. / SplitbeardQuercus falcata / Southern Red Oak Callicarpa americana / Beautyberry
Tilia caroliniana / Carolina Basswood
Quercus prinus / Chestnut OakCarya ovata / Shagbark Hickory
16 ft.
32 ft.
48 ft.
41. Over the past 60 years, most of the flat terrace of Me-
morial Park has become densely forested. Before this
time, Camp Logan and the Reinermans, coastal prairie
with pine-hardwood savannahs would have dominated
this landscape. The recent drought and hurricane were
destructive natural forces here; however, their clearing
effect has left a density of trees that resembles earlier
prairie-savannah typologies. While some patches have
been cleared of, many areas with standing dead wood,
dead brush, and invasives remain that require thinning,
clearing, and scrubbing.
The pine-hardwood savannah of Memorial Park will be-
come one of its most defining landscape typologies. It
will be the intersection of the rich native prairie with clus-
ters of pine trees and hardwood motts. The tree palette
will typically mirror the pine-hardwood forest with the oc-
casional addition of Carya illinoinesis (the State tree of
Texas) and Juglans nigra. Long views through the grass-
lands will punctuate otherwise loosely wooded areas. On
average, there will be about 50 trees per acre; although
this is misleading as the trees will be in clusters, leav-
ing significant open areas. Shrubs will comprise 20% of
the ground plane while herbaceous plants will comprise
70%.
The grasses and forbs in this complex will resemble
those in the prairie in their diversity, type, and distribu-
tion. Grasses (Sorgastrum nutans, Schizachyrium sco-
parium, Panicum virgatum, Muhlenbergia capillaris, Ely-
mus virginicus L., Briza minor, Agrostis hyemalis) and
perennials (Erigeron philadelphicus, Mimosa strigillosa,
Chanaecrista fasciculata, Cooperia drummondii, Des-
manthus illinoensis, Digitaria cognataGaillardia pulchella,
Asclepias logiflora and verticillata, Mimosa nuttallii, Phlox
drummondii, Rudbeckia hirta, Indigo miniata, and Salvia
azurea) will be tolerant of periods of both drought and in-
undation. They will require bi-annual mowing (or burning
if possible) as well as regular invasive species control.
These areas are not intended to be occupied like lawns.
While occasional foot traffic is anticipated, paths winding
through them with small gathering areas are how they will
be experienced.
Design Vision
PINE-HARDWOOD SAVANNAH: EXISTING VS. RESTORED
Existing Condition
42. PINE-HARDWOOD SAVANNAH RESTORED ECOLOGY SECTION
Desmanthus illinoensis / Illinois Bundleflower Leptochloa dubia / Green sprangletop
Briza minor / Little Quaking Grass
Panicum virgatum / Switchgrass
Quercus prinus / Chestnut Oak
Tilia caroliniana / Carolina Basswood
Panicum virgatum / Switchgrass
Sorgastrum nutans / Yellow Indiangrass
Pinus taeda / Loblolly Pine
Crataegus texana / Texas Hawthorn
Mimosa nuttallii / Nuttall’s Sensitive-Briar
Phlox drummondii / Drummond’s Phlox
Salvia azurea / Blue Sage
Erigeron philadelphicus / Daisy fleabane
Andropogon ternarius Michx. / Splitbeard Bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium / Little Bluestem
Asclepias verticillata / Wholred Milkweed Chasmanthium sessiliflorum / Longleaf Uniola
Gaillardia pulchella / Indian Blanket Briza minor / Little Quaking Grass
Agrostis hyemalis / Spring Bentgrass Quercus stellata / Post Oak Elymus virginicus L. / Virginia Wildrye
Pinus echinata / Short-Leaf Pine Mimosa strigillosa / Powderpuff
Baccharis halimifolia / Eastern False Willow Rudbeckia hirta / Black-eyed SusanSorgastrum nutans / Yellow Indiangrass
16 ft.
32 ft.
48 ft.
44. There are some areas of the park maintained as native
prairie adjacent to Memorial Drive and the railroad. The
intent is for these to remain and be maintained in perpe-
tuity. There is a good existing mix of grasses and peren-
nials.
In other areas where prairie will exist but currently does
not, the landscape is overrun by invasive shrubs; occuld-
ing the presence of native grasses or has recently been
cleared and scrubbed after the recent loss of trees.
The prairie landscape of the West Gulf Coastal Plain is
the dominant typology in this ecosystem. The area that
will be dedicated in the park to return to this landscape
type is predominantly around the heart of the park at
the land bridge. It will connect to H.A.N.C.’s prairie and
spread southward toward the bayou and in limited part
north along the railroad.
There will be only 5-10 trees per acre, such as Juglans
nigra, Quercus virginiana and Q. falcata, that will be the
same dry-mesic species of both the savannah and pine-
hardwood forest. Oaks will be the dominant species, and
the lack of competition for sunlight will allow them to grow
to full size and form, making them sculptural treasures of
the park. Their maintenance will be critical for this reason.
Shrubs and flowering perenials (Indigo miniata, Coreop-
sis lanceolata, Desmanthius illinoensis, and Dalea pur-
pea) primarily along trails, roadsides,and the railroad)
will take up 20% of the ground plane and will provide
excellent habitat for butterflies for the public to view while
80% of the ground plane will be grasses and other forbs.
The species makeup and maintenance regime for this
complex will be similar to those in the savannah grass-
land (specifically Andropogon geradii, Panicum virgatum,
Schizachrium scoparium, and Sorgastrum nutans. Within
the Native Praire, Bouteloua curtipendula will be estab-
lished, as it is the State Grass of Texas).
Standing and fallen dead wood, when not a threat to
people, will be left for wildlife habitat. People will experi-
ence this landscape on foot, on bike, and car with long
views through grasses and to distant savannahs.
Design Vision
NATIVE PRAIRIE: EXISTING VS. RESTORED
Existing Condition
45. NATIVE PRAIRIE RESTORED ECOLOGY SECTION
Agrostis hyemalis / Spring Bentgrass
Baccharis halimifolia / Eastern False Willow
Elymus virginicus L. / Virginia Wildrye
Asclepias verticillata / Wholred Milkweed
Rudbeckia hirta / Black-eyed Susan
Sorgastrum nutans / Yellow Indiangrass
Pinus echinata / Short-Leaf Pine
Quercus virginiana / Southern Live Oak
Panicum virgatum ‘Cloud Nine’ / Cloud Nine Switchgrass
Briza minor / Little Quaking Grass
Leptochloa dubia / Green sprangletop
Asclepias longifolia / Florida Milkweed
Salvia azurea / Blue Sage
Andropogon ternarius / Splitbeard Bluestem
Pinus taeda / Loblolly Pine
Quercus alba / White oak
Schizachyrium scoparium / Little Bluestem
Panicum virgatum / Switchgrass
Sorgastrum nutans / Yellow Indiangrass
Gaillardia pulchella / Indian Blanket
Amsonia illustris / Showy Blue Star
Schizachyrium scoparium / Little Bluestem
Quercus falcata / Southern Red Oak
Andropogon / Broomsedge
16 ft.
32 ft.
48 ft.
46. RESTORED WET PRAIRIE & SAVANNAH
Typical Section
Locations in Memorial Park & Section Key
D
47. There are a number of seasonally and perennially wet
areas within the park. Their state and official designation
remain unknown during the master plan process. Further
exploration of these areas for any design work will be
necessary.
Wet prairie and savannahs, like official wetlands, are criti-
cal to wintering and migrating wildlife as places to nest,
rest, and forage as well as general ecosystem function.
These areas flood seasonally. They will be important for
naturally-occurring stormwater detention. They may be
important areas for educating the public about the func-
tion and importance of wetlands and wet areas and their
place in Texas ecology. Boardwalks and interpretive ar-
eas may intersect with these landscape types.
They have different soil and water properties, and be-
cause of this, their vegetation varies from more dry ar-
eas. They contain more facultative and facultative wet-
land forbs and grasses (Panicum anceps, Paspalum
plicatulum, Paspalum floridanum, Elocharis montana,
Scirpus pungens, Scirpus validus, eg.) and can harbor
trees and shrubs that don’t mind wet feet (Taxodium dis-
tichum, Platanus occidentalis, Nyssa aquatic and sylvat-
ica, Quercus texana, eg.)
The structural characteristics of both the wet savannah
and wet prairie will resemble their dry counterparts in
number of plants per acre.
Design Vision
WET PRAIRIE & SAVANNAH: EXISTING VS. RESTORED
Existing Condition
48. WET PRAIRIE & SAVANNAH RESTORED ECOLOGY
Lythrum alatum / Lance-Leaf Loosestrife
Lobelia puberula / Downy Lobelia
Tridens strictus / Long-Spike Tridens
Nyssa aquatica / Water Tupelo
Dichanthelium dichotomum / Delicate Panicum Betula nigra / River Birch
Paspalum floridanum / Florida PaspalumTripsacum dactyloides / Eastern Gama Grass Nyssa sylvatica / Black Tupelo
Panicum hemitomon / Maidencane
Juncus rowmerianus / Black Needlerush
Scirpus pungens / American Bullrush
Crataegus opaca / Mayhaw
Fraxinus caroliniana / Carolina Buckthorn
Rhexia mairiana L. / Meadowbeauty Sabal minor / Dwarf Palmetto
16 ft.
32 ft.
48 ft.
Paspalum plicatulum / Brownseed Paspalum
Taxodium distichum / Bald Cypress
Panicum anceps / Beaked Panicum Quercus texana / Texas Red Oak
Persea borbonia / Red Bay
Eleocharis montana / Knotty Spike-Rush Scirpus validus / Soft-stem Bullrush
49. Catalpa bignonoides | Southern Catalpa
F, S
Carya illinoensis | Pecan
F, S, P
Acer negundo | Box Elder
R, B
Quercus falcata | Southern Red Oak
F, S, P
Quercus virginiana | Southern Live Oak
F, S, P
Sassafras albidum | Sassafras
F, S, P
Carya ovata | Shagbark Hickory
F, S, P
Celtis occidentalis | Hackberry
F, S, P
Morus rubra | Red Mulberry
F, S, P
Quercus alba | White oak
F, S, P
Quercus prinus | Chestnut Oak
F, S, P
Quercus stellata | Post Oak
F, S, P
Tilia caroliniana | Carolina Basswood
F, S
Obligate Upland (UPL)
Facultative Upland (FACU)
Facultative (FAC)
Diospyros virginiana | Common
Persimmon F, R
Gleditsia triacanthos | Honey Locust
R
Liquidamber styraciflua | Sweetgum
R
Magnolia grandiflora | Southern
Magnolia F, R
PLANT PALETTE EXAMPLE (TREES)
51. 338 spaces
20 spaces
90 spaces
292 spaces
216 spaces
20 spaces
22 spaces
34 spaces
28 spaces
120 spaces
228 spaces
50 spaces
48 spaces
76 spaces
75 spaces
484 spaces
177 spaces
54 spaces
90 spaces
11 car spaces
5 bus spaces
56 spaces
83 spaces
106 spaces
185 spaces
PROPOSED PARKING
Dispersed parking lots
provide improved access
to park activities. Parking
along Memorial Loop Road is
removed, allowing for two way
traffic and a more park-like
feeling. Discrete parking areas
now provide access to all parts
of the site.
The proposed parking design
provides greater than
30% increase in parking
capacity.
Existing
Proposed
Legend
52. Harris County Metropolitan Transit Authority
is currently reconfiguring bus routes to serve
as a grid-based system. Their goal is to
create easier point-to-point access between
all parts of the city. Many lines will have
increased frequencies, and weekend service
will be as frequent as weekday service. One
source: Houston Metro Draft Reimagined Transit Network Map
Northwest Transit Hub Detail
0.9 mi walk from Northwest Transit
Hub to Memorial Park; source:
Google Maps
of the cities largest hubs--the Northwest
Transit Center--will be less than a mile north
of the NW entrance at Memorial Drive.
The design team is conducting a traffic
study that is in progress.
HOUSTON TRANSIT SYSTEM REIMAGINING
NW Transit Center
Memorial Park
53. EXISTING TRANSIT
Existing 60 minute bus route
Existing 30 minute bus route
Existing 15 minute bus route
Bus stops
Legend
54. 15-minute interval bus routes
rather than 30-minute intervals
running through and adjacent to
the park as well as better stops
would provide better access to
the park for all Houstonians.
PROPOSED TRANSIT CONNECTIONS
Existing 60 minute bus route
Existing 30 minute bus route
Existing 15 minute bus route
Proposed bus stop
Increased frequency route
Existing Bus stops
Legend
Pedestrian connections
55. The transit vision for the park is
to create hubs where parking,
bus stops, and B-Cycle bike
share stations are clustered
to allow easy transitions from
public transit to on-site bicycle
use.
Proposed 15 min bus route
Existing 60 min bus route
Existing 30 min bus route
Existing 15 min bus route
Bus hub
Bike parking
Existing Bus stops
Legend
B-Cycle station
Pedestrian connections
PROPOSED TRANSIT/BIKE CONNECTIONS
56. SHEET NUMBER
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNED BY
NO.
REVIEWED BY
DRAWN BY
PROJECT NUMBER
DATE
DATE REVISION
JLP
JLP
DPC
M03-14037-00
PROJECT NAME
MEMORIAL
PARK
P:M03201414072-01MemorialParkTrafficStudyTrafficCadTrafficM03-14072-01-FIGURES.dwgMar03,2015-9:50am
W A L TE R P . M O O RE A N D A S S O CI A TES , IN C .
1 3 0 1 M c K I N N E Y , S U ITE 1100
H O U S T O N , TE X A S 77010
P H ON E : 7 1 3 . 6 3 0 .7300 F AX : 7 1 3 . 6 3 0.7396
Copyright C WALTER P. MOORE AND ASSOCIATES, INC.2015
FEBRUARY 2015
N.T.S.
FIGURE 2
2012 HISTORICAL
VOLUMES (FROM
GOOGLE EARTH)
10,000 VEHICLES PER DAY
45,000 VEHICLES PER DAY
2,000 VEHICLES PER DAY
1,000 VEHICLES PER DAY
5,000 VEHICLES PER DAY
55,000 VEHICLES PER DAY
57. Project Name:
Sheet No.
Sheet Title:
WPMA P.N.:
Date:
Designed by:
Drawn by:
P:M03201414072-01MemorialParkTrafficStudyTrafficCadTrafficM03-14072-01-FIGURES.dwgMar03,2015-9:50am
W A L T E R P . M O O R E A ND A S S OC IA TE S , I NC .
1 3 0 1 M c K I N N E Y , S UITE 1100
H O U S T O N , T E XA S 77010
P H O NE : 7 1 3 . 6 3 0 . 7 300 F AX : 7 1 3 . 6 3 0 . 7396
Copyright C WALTER P. MOORE AND ASSOCIATES, INC.2015
Drawn by:
MEMORIAL PARK
MARCH 2015
BAB
DPC
N.T.S.
LEGEND:
- UNDER CAPACITY
(LOS A - LOS C)
- AT CAPACITY
(LOS D - LOS E)
- OVER CAPACITY
(LOS F OVER)
X
X
X
-ADJUSTEDEXISTING
-BACKGROUND
-PROPOSED
AA A
AM
AA A
PM
CC C
AM
AA A
PM
XX X
LEVEL OF SERVICE COMPARISON
60. ECOLOGICAL STORMWATER MANAGEMENT: OVERALL PLAN
Objective:
To cleanse stormwater
pavement runoff to remove most
pollutants prior to discharge into
harvesting ponds or the Bayou.
Ecological Stormwater Goals:
1. Cleanse the first inch of
stormwater runoff from all
pavement surfaces
2. Manage stormwater using
Low Impact Development (LID)
methods to the extent possible
3. Design irrigation systems to
use the cleansed, harvested
water
4. Enhance the ecological
restoration of the park using the
stormwater system
Collection Ponds
Existing Streams
Treatment Pond
Conveyance Swales
Legend
Detention Areas
61. ECOLOGICAL STORMWATER MANAGEMENT: BALLFIELDS
Objective:
To cleanse stormwater
pavement runoff to remove most
pollutants prior to discharge into
harvesting ponds or Bayou.
Ecological Stormwater Goals:
1. Install parking lot bio-swales
to intercept surface sheet flows
2. Install parking lot bio-swales
to intercept surface sheet flows
3. Provide water harvesting
pond for irrigation source in this
area
4. Provide detention storage
as required to reduce outlet
flow rate to less than existing
conditions
Collection Ponds
Existing Streams
Conveyance Swales
Legend
63. EXISTING WATER USE
MAJOR IRRIGATION USE:
Golf Course: 59 million gal/yr
(= 181 acres covered by 1 foot of water)
Polo Field: 10 million gal/yr
(= 30 acres covered by 1 foot of water)
Sports Field: 16 million gal/yr
(= 48 acres covered by 1 foot of water)
Lesser water use areas
Existing Streams
Largest water use
Legend
64. STORMWATER REUSE STRATEGY
Objective:
Reduce park potable water
irrigation use with rain water
collected on site (and north of
the park)
Watershed Phases:
Water collection from the
following watersheds will offset
irrigation demand as modeled:
GC1 = 48% golf course demand
GC1+GC2 = 54% golf course
demand
GC1+GC2+GC3 = 100% golf
course demand
Ballfields = 50% offset
Eastern Glades = 75% offset
Collection Ponds
Existing Streams
Treatment Pond
Legend
Golf Course Watersheds
Eastern Glades Watershed
Ballfields Watershed
66. 1” = 1000’
500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
Running Center and Timing Track
Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Memorial Groves
Rugby Pitch
Sports Complex
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Land Bridge
Bayou Wilds
MASTER PLAN
67. 500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Memorial Groves
Rugby Pitch
Sports Complex
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Bayou Wilds
Running Center and Timing Track
Land Bridge
500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Course
Memorial Groves
Rugby Pitch
Sports Complex
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Bayou Wilds
Running Center and Timing Track
Land Bridge
WOODWAY
WEST
MEMORIAL
ARNOT
EAST
MEMORIAL
WASHINGTON / WESTCOTT
MAIN ENTRANCES
85. PARKING LOT CROSSING
CONNECTIONONLYTHROUGHSLT
CONNECTION ON NORTH SIDE OF ROAD ONLY THROUGH SLT
Multi Use Trail
Bridle Trails
Arboretum Trails
Outer Loop
Tex-DOT Trail
Cycle Track (picnic loop)
Seymour Lieberman Trail
1000’0’ 2000’
EXISTING TRAIL NETWORK
91. (Left) Ateliereen Tower, Dalfsen Holland
(Top) Precedent: Dinton Pastures Nature Playground, Wokingham UK
(Bottom) Precedent: Cow Hollow nature playground, San Francisco CA
PRECEDENT PROJECTS
95. Running Center and Timing Track
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Memorial Groves
Rugby Pitch
Sports Complex
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Family Recreation Area
Land Bridge
Running Center and Timing Track
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Memorial Groves
Rugby Pitch
Sports Complex
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Family Recreation Area
Land Bridge
BAYOU BREAKS TRAILS
BAYOU BREAKS TRAILS
500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
98. AERIAL ECOLOGICAL CONNECTIONS
Waterfowl Flyways of North America Boreal Bird Flyways of North America
Image: University of Texas Library, Boreal Songbird Institute
Houston
Houston
104. 500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
Running Center and Timing Track
Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Memorial Groves
Rugby Pitch
Sports Complex
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Bayou Wilds
500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
Running Center and Timing Track
Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Memorial Groves
Rugby Pitch
Sports Complex
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Bayou Wilds
EASTERN GLADES
EASTERN GLADES
105. GENERAL PLAY AREA
BASEBALL ECT.
GARDEN
BRIDAL PATHS &
WALKS THROUGH
NATIVE WOODS
RIVER OAKS COUNTRY CLUB
NURSERYPRIVATEPROPERTY
PRESENT PROPERTY LINE
APPROXIMATE LOCATION
OF GOLF COURSE
Cultivated Garden
Presumed High-Use Areas
Presumed Lower-Use Areas
Legend
PARK'S FOUNDING MASTER PLAN
1924 Proposed Entry &
Gardens, golf course, and
scenic roads by Hare & Hare
Landscape Architects.
Approved during the time of
the park's founders.
Although many parts of the
plan were never built, the
proposed organization of
spaces remain relevant and
culturally significant.
107. (Left) Precedent: Villa Borghese, Rome, Italy
(Above) Precedent: Forsyth Park, Savannah, GA
(Above) Precedent: Prospect Park, Brooklyn, NY
PRECEDENT PROJECTS
117. Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Rugby Pitch
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Bayou Wilds
Running Center & Timing Track
Land Bridge
Sports Complex
Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Rugby Pitch
OAR
Cycle Track and Trails
Bayou Wilds
Running Center & Timing Track
Land Bridge
Sports Complex
500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
MEMORIAL GROVES
MEMORIAL GROVES
118. Memorial Groves Pine Planting
Large Group Picnic Area
Existing Motts
Picnic Areas
SLT
Multi-use trail
Memorial Loop Drive
Parallel Parking and Accessway
Golf Course
09
09
08
08
07
07
06
06
05
05
05
04
04
03
03
03
02
02
02
02
01
01
1” = 250’
125’0’ 250’ 500’
PLAN - MEMORIAL GROVES PINE PLANTING
119. (Left) Precedent: pine grove
(Top) Hardberger Park picnic area, San Antonio, TX
(Bottom) Existing Camp Logan latrine foundation, Memorial Park
PRECEDENT PROJECTS
126. (Left) Precedent: Central Park Trail bridge, New York, NY
(Top) Precedent: Equestrian trails
(Bottom) Precedent: hard surface cycle track
PRECEDENT PROJECTS
128. Trailhead
Hogg Bird Sanctuary
Maintenance Area
Eastern Glades
Fitness Center/Natatorium
Tennis Center
Golf Course
Rugby Pitch
Bayou Wilds
Cycle Track and Trails
Running Center & Timing Track
Land Bridge
Sports Complex
Memorial Grove
OAR
OLD ARCHERY RANGE (OAR)
1” = 1000’
500’0’ 1000’ 2000’
134. ¥
¥
Project Objectives:
To restore a section of Hogg
Bird Sanctuary by removing
exotic invasive plants and
replanting with appropriate
native species to create healthy
habitat for birds and other
wildlife.
To educate the Houston
community about habitat
restoration and its importance to
birds.
GARDEN CLUB OF HOUSTON HOGG BIRD PROJECT (IN PROGRESS)