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MedicalGas جامعه 21 سبتمر زايدالقيري .pptx
- 2. Medical Gases > SUPERVISEDby: Dr.bandr Presented by: Zayed Al-Qiri
- 3. • We breathe earth’satmosphere composed of : • Nitrogen (78%) • Oxygen (21%) • Carbon Dioxide (0.03%) • Argon and trace gases (0.93%) • Neon, Xenon, Krypton and Deon MEDICAL GASES
- 4. Medical –Gas measurement Thefollowing formulae enable conversions between these units : • 1 atm = 760 mm Hg (torr) • 1 mmHg = 1 torr • cm H2O × 0.7355 = mm Hg (torr) • mm Hg (torr) ÷ 0.7355 = cm H2O • cm H2O × 0.098 = kPa • kPa ÷ 0.098 = cm H2O • mm Hg × 0.1333 = kPa • kPa ÷ 0.1333 = mm Hg • mm Hg ÷ 760 = atm • atm × 14.7 = lb/in2 (psi)
- 5. Medical –Gas Storage •After deciding the medical-gas services to be provided at the facility, • The engineer should determine the storage capacity and the pipe sizing required and possible locations for the source.
- 6. Oxygen (O2) • Severalfactors must be known when estimating the monthly consumption of oxygen in new or existing healthcare facilities: 1.Type of medical care provided. 2. oxygen outlets or 3. Numberof patient beds. 4. Future expansion of facility. 5. In existing facilities, approximateconsumption.
- 7. • Fractional Distillation •Physical Separation • Nitrogen Molecular sieve • Semi-Permeable membrane How Oxygen is produced
- 9. Compression of Air Drying Separating Purifying Airbuffer tank Cleaning Cooling Storage Gas 1. Liquid 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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- 13. Types Medical Gases 1.Oxygen 2. Carbon Dioxide 3. Helium 4. Nitrous Oxide 5. Nitric Oxide 6. Nitrogen 7. Carbon Monoxide
- 14. Properties of CommonGases • Chemical symbol • Molecular weight • Color, odor, taste • Physical state • Critical temperature, boiling point • Combustion characteristics
- 16. Oxygen uses inRespiratory Care: ◇ diagnostic and therapeutic purposes : > Diagnostically : it is used as a source gas to calibrate respiratory care monitoring equipment > Therapeutic : used in concentrations greater than ambient air to treat and/or prevent the manifestations or symptoms of hypoxia.
- 25. Compressed Air • Isthe same mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and argon. • Is piped in to all modern hospitals • Used to power pneumatically powered equipment • Some situations (patients are C02 retainers) when oxygen is contraindicated
- 26. Cyclopropane • Strictly ananesthesia gas • Cyclopropane is explosive , colourless gas used in medicine since 1934 as a general anesthetic. Cyclopropane is nonirritating to mucous membranes and does not depress respiration. Induction of and emergence from cyclopropane anesthesia are usually rapid and smooth.
- 27. Ethylene Oxide • •Used to gas sterilize medical equipment • •Useful for equipment that can’t handle high temperatures or immersion in water
- 28. Oxygen Storage Tanks –Liquid Tanks - Gas
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- 30. Types and colorsof cylinders
- 31. Other Oxygen TankMarkings
- 32. Large Oxygen SupplySystem • To stay in liquid form, O2 is stored in large stand tanks at relatively low pressure (<250 psig)
- 33. Small Bank ofCylinders • It is used to supply O2 from a central location in small facilities or to supply specialty gases, such as N2O, to operating rooms
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- 35. Liquid vs Gas •Insulated – Liquid • Solid metal – Gas • Large continuous demand – Liquid • Small portable – Liquid or tank • Tanks act differently if they contain gas or liquid • No accurate gauge on liquid tank content
- 36.
- 37. Liquid Oxygen • Constantlylosing oxygen despite insulation • Needs pressure and insulation for cold temperature (-118oC) • Low pressure (200 psi) • Large system has vaporizers fins to help with heat transfer when liquid turns to gas (frozen year round) • Small system is great
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- 40. Storage and Deliveryof Medical Gases Medical Gas Pipeline System (MGPS)
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- 42. What Is CentralMedical Gas Distribution System ? • Medical Gas Distribution System is a central supply system tosupply a medical gas (O2, N2O, N2), medical air, and medical vacuum to each ward of hospital safely and convenientlythrough a central supply piping from medical gas supply sources. • The system has a thoroughgoing color coordination according to the kind of gas.
- 45. Continuous system • Isdesigned so that there is a main supply reservoir that is refilled. • The Continuous system has one supply that provides gas to the piping system.
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- 47. • The Alternatingsystem employs two sources to provide gas to the piping system Alternating system
- 48. Advantages Of CentralizedMedical Gas Delivery System • No distressing sign of oxygen cylinder at bed side. • Elimination of noise produced be their movement. • Protection of sterile areas from contamination caused by use and movement of cylinder. • Uninterrupted and clean gas supply at each workstation. • Safe And Relief System. 1. • Effective use of space. Additionally, it is economically advantageous and hygienic.
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- 51. The components shouldbe in accordance with the 15 7396, as quality of these components are very vital in ensuring that oxygen pipeline system is able to meet the expectations
- 52.
- 53. Sources • Sources aresupplies that produce the flow of medical gases through piping networks. The four main sources for medical gases are: 1.Bulky Systems. 2.Manifold Systems. 3.Medical Air Treatment. 4.Systems Vacuum Pumps
- 54. Bulky Systems 1. •It consists of special insulated vessels, vaporizers, and regulators 2. • Oxygen, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide are supplied to large hospitals in cryogenic tanks
- 55. Manifold Systems 1. •It consists of high-pressure cylinders on 2 banks, one is back up to other. 2. • The main control panel is installed for primary and secondary regulators,pressure regulators and warning lamps.
- 56. Medical Air TreatmentSystems 1. • These are 2 or more compressors equipped with a receiver, derivers, regulators, filters, dew point monitors, and carbon dioxide alarms.
- 57. Vacuum Pumps 1. •Vacuum pumps are mechanized devices that create a negative pressurein the piping system 2. • A reservoir tank is used for storage to permit cycling on and off
- 58. Warning and AlarmingSystems •The 2 main alarm systems are 1. Master alarm 2. Area alarm
- 59. • Master alarmmonitors the main gas lines and sources conditions Master alarm
- 60. Area alarms • Areaalarms are found on alarm panels and their function is to monitor the condition of specific critical care area
- 61. Outlets and Inlets •The final delivery points are color coded,incorporating either the diameter index safety system or are of the quick connect type available in two varieties: • Diamond • Chemetron Diamond Chemetron
- 62. Piped Distribution System •Main lines pipe connecting the source to riser or branches lines or both • Risers vertical pipe line connecting the main lines with branch lines at various levels • Branch line that service a room or rooms • Pipes are made of copper • Oxygen pipe lines have ½ inch outer diameter .
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- 68. Cylinder manifolds A manifoldis a pipe with several openings, in this case connected to cylinders supplying pipeline oxygen, nitrous oxide or Entonox.
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- 70. Color Coding For GasPipelines
- 71. Color Coding ForGases In MGPS according to ISO- cylindercolour-coding
- 73. Types of terminalunit Wall mounted
- 74.
- 75. > WALL TYPEOUTLET CPS TYPE OUTLET
- 76. > WALL TYPEOUTLET NSV TYPE OUTLET
- 77. > Ceiling column( retractable )
- 78. > Motor drivenceiling column
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- 80. > CEILING TYPEOUTLET
- 81.