Opening credits have been used since the early days of film and television to list the prominent people involved in a production. Early silent films used title cards at the beginning and end, while 1936 saw the first use of cut-out figures on a revolving turntable to display credits. The Wizard of Oz in 1939 is also notable for its creative opening credits. Throughout the 1950s to present, opening credits have become more designed works of illustration and graphics to set the tone for productions.

1. HISTORY OF
OPENING
CREDITS
Media studies

2. WHAT ARE THEY?
➤ Opening credits, is a list of the most prominent people
involved in a television broadcast or film, shown at the
beginning of a program or movie.

3. HISTORY
➤ From the beginnings of cinematography, title cards were used in silent films to
begin and end the presentation, the name that appeared was the production
company that was involved.
➤ 1936, John Harkrider created for the Show Boat, cut-out figures on a revolving
turntable carried overhead banners that displayed the opening credits.
➤ The Wizard of Oz in 1939.
➤ In the1947 technicolor film Sinbad the Sailor, the letter of the opening credits
seem to form from coloured water gushing into a fountain.

4. HISTORY
➤ 1937-1981, the disney films released between these years had film related
information in the opening credits. on the contrary the closing credits just had
the phrase: “The End: A Walt Disney Production”. However Mary Poppins was
the first disney film to have long closing credits with the principal cast
members.
➤ 1977, Star Wars only displayed the film title at the start with no opening credits.
➤ Batman Begins (2005) didn’t display the film title until the closing credits.
➤ 1950s till now, the opening credits have been made by illustrations and
contemporary designs.