1. The document describes the operations and processes at Medco Singa CPP, an LNG processing facility in South Sumatra. It separates and purifies natural gas from four wells.
2. The CPP consists of several gas processing units including separation, acid gas removal, and dehydration systems. It also has supporting utilities like thermal fluid and water treatment systems.
3. The raw gas from the wells is processed to meet specifications for delivery to PGN, including reducing CO2 levels from 38% to 4% and H2S from 0.03% to 4 ppm. This is achieved through amine absorption and membrane units in the acid gas removal section.
Economics of ammonia production from offgasesVK Arora
This document discusses opportunities for producing ammonia from hydrogen-rich off-gas streams from various petrochemical processes. As ethane cracking increases in the US and Middle East, these cracker plants produce large volumes of hydrogen-rich off-gas that can be used to power ammonia plants. Several process options are reviewed for utilizing these off-gases in ammonia production, including PSA, nitrogen wash, and secondary reforming. A case study evaluates the economics of using off-gases from ethane crackers, propane dehydrogenation plants, and methanol plants to power ammonia facilities in the US Gulf Coast and Middle East. Producing ammonia from these off-gases can provide environmental benefits through reduced nitrogen oxide
F E R T I L I Z E R I N D U S T R Y L E C T U R E 1Rishi Yadav
The document discusses the fertilizer industry and the manufacturing of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizers. It explains that nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are essential nutrients for plant growth. Ammonia is synthesized from natural gas and used to produce nitrogen fertilizers like ammonium nitrate. Phosphoric acid is made from phosphate rock and used in phosphorus fertilizers. The different components are granulated, blended, and bagged to produce composite NPK fertilizer. Modern fertilizer production aims to synthesize ammonia and manufacture NPK fertilizers efficiently using optimized reactor designs and processes.
The hot tests at the Temelin Nuclear Power Plant in the Czech Republic were completed. The tests involved heating the primary coolant circuit to various temperature levels up to 280°C and testing the operation of systems and equipment. Some issues with leaks and instrumentation systems arose during testing and required repairs. After addressing the issues, the hot testing program was fully completed by early April 2000, marking an important milestone in the commissioning of the plant's first reactor unit.
PRESENTATION-Commissioning Experiences on Ammonia and Urea projects- Independ...Mumin HACIMUSALAR
This document provides an overview of the author's experience commissioning six ammonia and urea plants between 2002-2014 in various countries. It summarizes the key milestones and timelines for pre-commissioning and commissioning each plant. The time from start of pre-commissioning to first urea production ranged from 8 to 19 months. Most projects experienced delays, with the delay period ranging from 2 to 17 months compared to original targets. Factors contributing to delays included issues providing natural gas and obtaining necessary permits.
This book covers design of high Pressure equipment and developments, Process flow diagram of different section of Ammonia, Urea and others fertilizers .Fundamentals of ammonia urea plant trouble shooting risk assessment corrosion in different vessels and remedies. This book is useful for Engineers and Sr. Managers for plant commissioning and trouble shooting and Engineering Students. This book contains about 51 tables and 144 useful diagram and chart graphics etc. Detail description of ammonia/CO2 stripping process and new developments. Design Parameters of High pressure vessel and comparison. Study of corrosion for various equipments and control. How to control corrosion by changing of equipments material.
Brief desccription of ammonia & urea plants with revampPrem Baboo
This document provides an overview of the proposed revamp of the existing ammonia and urea plants at the Vijaipur fertilizer complex in India. The revamp aims to increase the capacity of the ammonia and urea plants through various energy saving measures. It will increase the ammonia capacity of Line I by 150 MTPD to 1750 MTPD and Line II by 225 MTPD to 1864 MTPD. The urea capacity of Line I will increase to 3030 MTPD and Line II to 3231 MTPD. A 450 MTPD carbon dioxide recovery plant will also be installed to meet the additional CO2 needs of the urea plants. The revamp aims to enhance self
P & i diagram and tagging philosphy forPrem Baboo
The document discusses Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) which are diagrams used in process industries to show piping, equipment, instrumentation and process flow. It provides details on the components of P&IDs such as abbreviations, instrument symbols and tagging philosophies. It also includes examples of equipment lists and coding systems used for P&IDs.
This document provides steps for starting up a urea production plant using the Saipem process. It describes conducting sealing tests, purging sections with nitrogen, heating equipment, charging ammonia, and feeding ammonia and carbon dioxide into the reactor while monitoring pressures and temperatures. The goal is to reach stable operating conditions for urea production. Diagrams are included to illustrate the reactor, separators, decomposers, and other key equipment involved in the startup process.
Economics of ammonia production from offgasesVK Arora
This document discusses opportunities for producing ammonia from hydrogen-rich off-gas streams from various petrochemical processes. As ethane cracking increases in the US and Middle East, these cracker plants produce large volumes of hydrogen-rich off-gas that can be used to power ammonia plants. Several process options are reviewed for utilizing these off-gases in ammonia production, including PSA, nitrogen wash, and secondary reforming. A case study evaluates the economics of using off-gases from ethane crackers, propane dehydrogenation plants, and methanol plants to power ammonia facilities in the US Gulf Coast and Middle East. Producing ammonia from these off-gases can provide environmental benefits through reduced nitrogen oxide
F E R T I L I Z E R I N D U S T R Y L E C T U R E 1Rishi Yadav
The document discusses the fertilizer industry and the manufacturing of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizers. It explains that nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are essential nutrients for plant growth. Ammonia is synthesized from natural gas and used to produce nitrogen fertilizers like ammonium nitrate. Phosphoric acid is made from phosphate rock and used in phosphorus fertilizers. The different components are granulated, blended, and bagged to produce composite NPK fertilizer. Modern fertilizer production aims to synthesize ammonia and manufacture NPK fertilizers efficiently using optimized reactor designs and processes.
The hot tests at the Temelin Nuclear Power Plant in the Czech Republic were completed. The tests involved heating the primary coolant circuit to various temperature levels up to 280°C and testing the operation of systems and equipment. Some issues with leaks and instrumentation systems arose during testing and required repairs. After addressing the issues, the hot testing program was fully completed by early April 2000, marking an important milestone in the commissioning of the plant's first reactor unit.
PRESENTATION-Commissioning Experiences on Ammonia and Urea projects- Independ...Mumin HACIMUSALAR
This document provides an overview of the author's experience commissioning six ammonia and urea plants between 2002-2014 in various countries. It summarizes the key milestones and timelines for pre-commissioning and commissioning each plant. The time from start of pre-commissioning to first urea production ranged from 8 to 19 months. Most projects experienced delays, with the delay period ranging from 2 to 17 months compared to original targets. Factors contributing to delays included issues providing natural gas and obtaining necessary permits.
This book covers design of high Pressure equipment and developments, Process flow diagram of different section of Ammonia, Urea and others fertilizers .Fundamentals of ammonia urea plant trouble shooting risk assessment corrosion in different vessels and remedies. This book is useful for Engineers and Sr. Managers for plant commissioning and trouble shooting and Engineering Students. This book contains about 51 tables and 144 useful diagram and chart graphics etc. Detail description of ammonia/CO2 stripping process and new developments. Design Parameters of High pressure vessel and comparison. Study of corrosion for various equipments and control. How to control corrosion by changing of equipments material.
Brief desccription of ammonia & urea plants with revampPrem Baboo
This document provides an overview of the proposed revamp of the existing ammonia and urea plants at the Vijaipur fertilizer complex in India. The revamp aims to increase the capacity of the ammonia and urea plants through various energy saving measures. It will increase the ammonia capacity of Line I by 150 MTPD to 1750 MTPD and Line II by 225 MTPD to 1864 MTPD. The urea capacity of Line I will increase to 3030 MTPD and Line II to 3231 MTPD. A 450 MTPD carbon dioxide recovery plant will also be installed to meet the additional CO2 needs of the urea plants. The revamp aims to enhance self
P & i diagram and tagging philosphy forPrem Baboo
The document discusses Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) which are diagrams used in process industries to show piping, equipment, instrumentation and process flow. It provides details on the components of P&IDs such as abbreviations, instrument symbols and tagging philosophies. It also includes examples of equipment lists and coding systems used for P&IDs.
This document provides steps for starting up a urea production plant using the Saipem process. It describes conducting sealing tests, purging sections with nitrogen, heating equipment, charging ammonia, and feeding ammonia and carbon dioxide into the reactor while monitoring pressures and temperatures. The goal is to reach stable operating conditions for urea production. Diagrams are included to illustrate the reactor, separators, decomposers, and other key equipment involved in the startup process.
A furnace convection section model was developed to analyze why furnaces at an ethylene plant were underutilized. Analysis of furnace operation history and an on-site model validated with plant data identified that throughput was limited by high metal temperatures in the convection section. A test run using the model increased furnace throughput by 20% and identified bottlenecks. Recommendations to introduce steam flow helped control temperatures and further increase capacity.
This document summarizes a design project for a fixed bed catalytic reactor. It includes an executive summary highlighting the economic and environmental benefits of the project. The design basis and constraints are outlined. Environmental considerations like mist formation and corrosion are addressed. The design was optimized using software tools, and equipment was sized. Capital costs were estimated for the reactor and other plant equipment based on mechanical designs and cost data. Appendices provide detailed calculations and specifications for the reactor design and equipment.
In the plant, ammonia is produced from synthesis gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen in the ratio of approximately 3:1. Besides these components, the synthesis gas contains inert gases such as argon and methane to a limited extent. The source of H2 is demineralized water and the hydrocarbons in the natural gas. The source of N2 is the atmospheric air. The source of CO2 is the hydrocarbons in the natural gas feed. Product ammonia and CO2 is sent to urea plant. The present article intended the description of ammonia plant for natural gas based plants and the possible material balance of some section.
The document discusses CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) and its role in carbon capture and storage (CCS). It provides an overview of CO2-EOR, noting that it can provide a business case for CCS if the CO2 is from anthropogenic sources and stored permanently. The Global CCS Institute is conducting various activities to better understand and support CO2-EOR projects, including a thematic program, workshops, and an EOR project to be completed mid-year. Legal and regulatory hurdles for transitioning CO2-EOR projects to dedicated storage exist but can be addressed.
Environment management and advanced waste treatment system in nitrogenious fe...Prem Baboo
The paper intended to the standpoint of harmful emissions typical nitrogen-based fertilizer plants producing ammonia and urea plants using the advanced available technologies. The critical emission points are established and analyzed. Several possible actions have been taken in order to minimize the emissions are presented.The method is low cost and at the same time enhances the fertilizer value of sewage sludge. It therefore has a large potential of competing with more established methods of sanitization.
If the material of liner changed with 2RE 69 or Duplex material instead of SS316(urea grade), then passivation air can be reduced, resulting the energy saving because the inerts vented from M.P section and loss of ammonia and problem of pollution. To enhance capacity and energy of the existing plant the internals like vortex mixture and HET may be changed the capacity may increase up to 10-15%.HET, you can changed with super cup.The CO2 and feed top of the vortex mixture nozzle and Ammonia plus carbamate feed from side of the vortex mixture. In the mixing area the initial dispersion of gas and formation of liquid – gas mixture are performed.
About Oriental Nicco - EPC Service ProvidersJigar Patel
This presentation will provide you with a detailed insight into the working practices of Oriental Nicco, our core competencies, fields of expertise as well as the various sectors we have serviced and the projects commissioned for them. It also contains details pertaining to the various certifications we have and the collaborations we have been a part of, both nationally and internationally.
High pressure vessel leakage in urea plantsPrem Baboo
In urea plant ammonium carbamate solution is very corrosive; all metals have corrosion problems with ammonium carbamate and the corrosion problems increase with temperature, a ten degree Celsius rise in temperature doubles the corrosion rate to the point where the duplex steel is no longer acceptable. The material plays a very important role in Urea plants. The space between the reactor liner and the shell is most often empty and employs various methods of detecting a leak ranging from conductivity measurements. Vacuum leak detection system, pressure leak detection system etc. Titanium, SS316L (urea grade), 2 RE-69 etc.) Over the years that can resist ammonium carbamate corrosion. Materials plays very important role in any industry. Selection of material is vital at design stage itself ,Wrong selection of material may lead to catastrophic failures and outage of plants & even loss of Human lives, Right selection of material leads to long life of plant. In the latest plants specialty duplex materials are used for liner. The actual reactor has been constructed using a variety of materials, e.g. Zirconium, Vessel inside a protective liner. This paper intended study of number of leakage in the HP loop vessels, e.g. Zirconium, Vessel inside a protective liner. This paper intended study of number of leakage in the HP loop vessels, e.g. Reactor, Stripper, Carbamate condenser etc. How to detect leakage and troubleshooting during detection and attending the leakages.
This document describes an ammonia plant with three urea plants. It summarizes the key details of each plant including their commissioning dates, capacities, and revamp history. It then provides details on the ammonia and urea production processes, including descriptions of the main units involved at each stage of production from natural gas feedstock to the final urea product. Process diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the key components and flow of materials through the plant.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The document provides information about Uhde's ammonia process technology. It discusses Uhde's extensive experience designing and building ammonia plants dating back to 1928. Key aspects of the Uhde ammonia process are described, including modifications to reduce energy consumption in steam reforming, CO2 removal using aMDEA, and a high-conversion ammonia synthesis unit using a three-bed radial flow reactor design. The document also provides process details and performance figures for recent large-scale Uhde ammonia plants.
The document discusses removing ammonia from storm water through a stripping process. Key points:
1) Ammonia exists primarily as unionized NH3 above pH 10, allowing for easier removal. A pilot plant achieved over 90% removal at pH 11.
2) Mass and energy balances were performed on a simplified process involving preheating, alkalization with NaOH, and stripping ammonia with air in a column. Less than 20 ppm ammonia remained.
3) Hazards were analyzed through HAZOP. Key risks involved pressure buildup, which can be mitigated with flow and pressure controls. Maintaining proper pH is important for robust ammonia removal.
Veera Babu Gollapalli is applying for a position as a Process Operator or Panel Operator with over 8 years of experience working in ammonia plants and utilities in India and Saudi Arabia. He has a Bachelor's degree in Chemistry and is proficient in plant operations, pre-commissioning, commissioning, and maintenance activities. His responsibilities have included operating equipment across various plant sections including reforming, synthesis, refrigeration, and more. He is skilled in operating systems like compressors, turbines, heat exchangers, and other process equipment.
This document provides a summary of an individual's qualifications for an operator role. It outlines 8.5 years of experience as an operator in India and Saudi Arabia, including experience operating ammonia plants and utilities. Educational qualifications include a Bachelor's degree in chemistry. Responsibilities have included operating equipment in areas like reforming, acid gas removal, refrigeration, and distillation. Safety training and qualifications are also mentioned. The individual is seeking an operator role utilizing their experience.
This document summarizes a new process for converting coal to ammonia using Kellogg Brown & Root's (KBR) Transport Reactor Integrated Gasifier (TRIG) technology. The process involves:
1. Gasifying coal using KBR's TRIG technology to produce syngas. The syngas is then purified through steps like acid gas removal.
2. Compressing the purified syngas and feeding it into an ammonia synthesis loop to produce ammonia using a conventional KBR ammonia process.
3. Recovering the ammonia produced and refrigerating it for storage or transport.
The paper provides details on the major unit operations in the coal gasification and ammonia
A case study of thinning of ng (natural gas) injection line in mp section bef...Prem Baboo
In urea plant Medium pressure Inerts gases recover HRU burner in Captive Power Plant. The inserts containing useful fuel in the form of Hydrogen & Methane about 40-45% volume percentage of total inerts. This inerts also containing Oxygen because the passivation air is given in carbon Dioxide compressor suction line for passivation of Reactor vessel and all downstream Stainless Steel vessel. In the presence of Oxygen there are chances of explosive mixture of Hydrogen and Oxygen in exit of MP section final vent line, to overcome this dangerous situation natural gases are added in the MP section before MP condenser so that the range of explosive can be avoided. These gases Hydrogen & Methane come with carbon Dioxide gas from Ammonia plant, carbon Dioxide about 0.5-0.7 % and Methane about 0.08 to0.1%. But we have seen after implementation of this scheme, frequent leakage was observed from inlet flange as well as heavy erosion was noticed in the inside surface of vapour inlet line and flange. Erosion was noticed from NG injection point and extended downstream up to nozzle flange in elliptical pattern. Material of construction of the process piping is A312 TP -316 L (Cr-18%, Ni-12%, Mo-2.0%, N-0.2%, and C-0.03%) which is compliable as per basic licenser. Hence frequent thinning of the pipe wall nearing injection point is due to sudden expansion of natural gas. In order to minimize pipe wall erosion phenomenon near NG injection point an alternative arrangement of NG injection extending the 1” NG line up to center of the vapour inlet line has been implemented and location of injection also changed as fig.-3.
1. The document outlines the objectives and presentation outlines for a final year design project to establish a stearic acid production plant with an annual capacity of 100,000 MT in Indonesia.
2. The key objectives are to develop the process flow diagram and engineering design for the plant, perform process integration and economic analyses, and ensure the plant's design complies with environmental and safety regulations.
3. The presentation will include sections on the design of equipment, process control and instrumentation, process integration, environmental considerations, economic analysis, and plant safety and layout.
The document discusses monitoring programs for critical equipment in ammonia plants to improve reliability and uptime. It outlines key performance indicators to monitor for various units, such as the primary reformer, secondary reformer, and shift converters. Monitoring parameters like temperatures, pressures, emissions and efficiencies can help identify problems early before catastrophic failures and keep the plant running optimally.
This document summarizes some key teachings from the Bhagavad Gita. It advises not worrying about the past or future, as the present moment is all that exists. It notes that we come into the world with nothing and will leave with nothing, as our bodies are temporary but the soul is eternal. It encourages dedicating all actions to God to find freedom from fear and sorrow.
While teachers impart knowledge to students, they themselves continue learning through the act of teaching. Seneca recognized that the process of instructing others strengthens one's own understanding, as even those who teach find themselves learning. Teachers grow in wisdom by sharing what they know with their students.
A furnace convection section model was developed to analyze why furnaces at an ethylene plant were underutilized. Analysis of furnace operation history and an on-site model validated with plant data identified that throughput was limited by high metal temperatures in the convection section. A test run using the model increased furnace throughput by 20% and identified bottlenecks. Recommendations to introduce steam flow helped control temperatures and further increase capacity.
This document summarizes a design project for a fixed bed catalytic reactor. It includes an executive summary highlighting the economic and environmental benefits of the project. The design basis and constraints are outlined. Environmental considerations like mist formation and corrosion are addressed. The design was optimized using software tools, and equipment was sized. Capital costs were estimated for the reactor and other plant equipment based on mechanical designs and cost data. Appendices provide detailed calculations and specifications for the reactor design and equipment.
In the plant, ammonia is produced from synthesis gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen in the ratio of approximately 3:1. Besides these components, the synthesis gas contains inert gases such as argon and methane to a limited extent. The source of H2 is demineralized water and the hydrocarbons in the natural gas. The source of N2 is the atmospheric air. The source of CO2 is the hydrocarbons in the natural gas feed. Product ammonia and CO2 is sent to urea plant. The present article intended the description of ammonia plant for natural gas based plants and the possible material balance of some section.
The document discusses CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) and its role in carbon capture and storage (CCS). It provides an overview of CO2-EOR, noting that it can provide a business case for CCS if the CO2 is from anthropogenic sources and stored permanently. The Global CCS Institute is conducting various activities to better understand and support CO2-EOR projects, including a thematic program, workshops, and an EOR project to be completed mid-year. Legal and regulatory hurdles for transitioning CO2-EOR projects to dedicated storage exist but can be addressed.
Environment management and advanced waste treatment system in nitrogenious fe...Prem Baboo
The paper intended to the standpoint of harmful emissions typical nitrogen-based fertilizer plants producing ammonia and urea plants using the advanced available technologies. The critical emission points are established and analyzed. Several possible actions have been taken in order to minimize the emissions are presented.The method is low cost and at the same time enhances the fertilizer value of sewage sludge. It therefore has a large potential of competing with more established methods of sanitization.
If the material of liner changed with 2RE 69 or Duplex material instead of SS316(urea grade), then passivation air can be reduced, resulting the energy saving because the inerts vented from M.P section and loss of ammonia and problem of pollution. To enhance capacity and energy of the existing plant the internals like vortex mixture and HET may be changed the capacity may increase up to 10-15%.HET, you can changed with super cup.The CO2 and feed top of the vortex mixture nozzle and Ammonia plus carbamate feed from side of the vortex mixture. In the mixing area the initial dispersion of gas and formation of liquid – gas mixture are performed.
About Oriental Nicco - EPC Service ProvidersJigar Patel
This presentation will provide you with a detailed insight into the working practices of Oriental Nicco, our core competencies, fields of expertise as well as the various sectors we have serviced and the projects commissioned for them. It also contains details pertaining to the various certifications we have and the collaborations we have been a part of, both nationally and internationally.
High pressure vessel leakage in urea plantsPrem Baboo
In urea plant ammonium carbamate solution is very corrosive; all metals have corrosion problems with ammonium carbamate and the corrosion problems increase with temperature, a ten degree Celsius rise in temperature doubles the corrosion rate to the point where the duplex steel is no longer acceptable. The material plays a very important role in Urea plants. The space between the reactor liner and the shell is most often empty and employs various methods of detecting a leak ranging from conductivity measurements. Vacuum leak detection system, pressure leak detection system etc. Titanium, SS316L (urea grade), 2 RE-69 etc.) Over the years that can resist ammonium carbamate corrosion. Materials plays very important role in any industry. Selection of material is vital at design stage itself ,Wrong selection of material may lead to catastrophic failures and outage of plants & even loss of Human lives, Right selection of material leads to long life of plant. In the latest plants specialty duplex materials are used for liner. The actual reactor has been constructed using a variety of materials, e.g. Zirconium, Vessel inside a protective liner. This paper intended study of number of leakage in the HP loop vessels, e.g. Zirconium, Vessel inside a protective liner. This paper intended study of number of leakage in the HP loop vessels, e.g. Reactor, Stripper, Carbamate condenser etc. How to detect leakage and troubleshooting during detection and attending the leakages.
This document describes an ammonia plant with three urea plants. It summarizes the key details of each plant including their commissioning dates, capacities, and revamp history. It then provides details on the ammonia and urea production processes, including descriptions of the main units involved at each stage of production from natural gas feedstock to the final urea product. Process diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the key components and flow of materials through the plant.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The document provides information about Uhde's ammonia process technology. It discusses Uhde's extensive experience designing and building ammonia plants dating back to 1928. Key aspects of the Uhde ammonia process are described, including modifications to reduce energy consumption in steam reforming, CO2 removal using aMDEA, and a high-conversion ammonia synthesis unit using a three-bed radial flow reactor design. The document also provides process details and performance figures for recent large-scale Uhde ammonia plants.
The document discusses removing ammonia from storm water through a stripping process. Key points:
1) Ammonia exists primarily as unionized NH3 above pH 10, allowing for easier removal. A pilot plant achieved over 90% removal at pH 11.
2) Mass and energy balances were performed on a simplified process involving preheating, alkalization with NaOH, and stripping ammonia with air in a column. Less than 20 ppm ammonia remained.
3) Hazards were analyzed through HAZOP. Key risks involved pressure buildup, which can be mitigated with flow and pressure controls. Maintaining proper pH is important for robust ammonia removal.
Veera Babu Gollapalli is applying for a position as a Process Operator or Panel Operator with over 8 years of experience working in ammonia plants and utilities in India and Saudi Arabia. He has a Bachelor's degree in Chemistry and is proficient in plant operations, pre-commissioning, commissioning, and maintenance activities. His responsibilities have included operating equipment across various plant sections including reforming, synthesis, refrigeration, and more. He is skilled in operating systems like compressors, turbines, heat exchangers, and other process equipment.
This document provides a summary of an individual's qualifications for an operator role. It outlines 8.5 years of experience as an operator in India and Saudi Arabia, including experience operating ammonia plants and utilities. Educational qualifications include a Bachelor's degree in chemistry. Responsibilities have included operating equipment in areas like reforming, acid gas removal, refrigeration, and distillation. Safety training and qualifications are also mentioned. The individual is seeking an operator role utilizing their experience.
This document summarizes a new process for converting coal to ammonia using Kellogg Brown & Root's (KBR) Transport Reactor Integrated Gasifier (TRIG) technology. The process involves:
1. Gasifying coal using KBR's TRIG technology to produce syngas. The syngas is then purified through steps like acid gas removal.
2. Compressing the purified syngas and feeding it into an ammonia synthesis loop to produce ammonia using a conventional KBR ammonia process.
3. Recovering the ammonia produced and refrigerating it for storage or transport.
The paper provides details on the major unit operations in the coal gasification and ammonia
A case study of thinning of ng (natural gas) injection line in mp section bef...Prem Baboo
In urea plant Medium pressure Inerts gases recover HRU burner in Captive Power Plant. The inserts containing useful fuel in the form of Hydrogen & Methane about 40-45% volume percentage of total inerts. This inerts also containing Oxygen because the passivation air is given in carbon Dioxide compressor suction line for passivation of Reactor vessel and all downstream Stainless Steel vessel. In the presence of Oxygen there are chances of explosive mixture of Hydrogen and Oxygen in exit of MP section final vent line, to overcome this dangerous situation natural gases are added in the MP section before MP condenser so that the range of explosive can be avoided. These gases Hydrogen & Methane come with carbon Dioxide gas from Ammonia plant, carbon Dioxide about 0.5-0.7 % and Methane about 0.08 to0.1%. But we have seen after implementation of this scheme, frequent leakage was observed from inlet flange as well as heavy erosion was noticed in the inside surface of vapour inlet line and flange. Erosion was noticed from NG injection point and extended downstream up to nozzle flange in elliptical pattern. Material of construction of the process piping is A312 TP -316 L (Cr-18%, Ni-12%, Mo-2.0%, N-0.2%, and C-0.03%) which is compliable as per basic licenser. Hence frequent thinning of the pipe wall nearing injection point is due to sudden expansion of natural gas. In order to minimize pipe wall erosion phenomenon near NG injection point an alternative arrangement of NG injection extending the 1” NG line up to center of the vapour inlet line has been implemented and location of injection also changed as fig.-3.
1. The document outlines the objectives and presentation outlines for a final year design project to establish a stearic acid production plant with an annual capacity of 100,000 MT in Indonesia.
2. The key objectives are to develop the process flow diagram and engineering design for the plant, perform process integration and economic analyses, and ensure the plant's design complies with environmental and safety regulations.
3. The presentation will include sections on the design of equipment, process control and instrumentation, process integration, environmental considerations, economic analysis, and plant safety and layout.
The document discusses monitoring programs for critical equipment in ammonia plants to improve reliability and uptime. It outlines key performance indicators to monitor for various units, such as the primary reformer, secondary reformer, and shift converters. Monitoring parameters like temperatures, pressures, emissions and efficiencies can help identify problems early before catastrophic failures and keep the plant running optimally.
This document summarizes some key teachings from the Bhagavad Gita. It advises not worrying about the past or future, as the present moment is all that exists. It notes that we come into the world with nothing and will leave with nothing, as our bodies are temporary but the soul is eternal. It encourages dedicating all actions to God to find freedom from fear and sorrow.
While teachers impart knowledge to students, they themselves continue learning through the act of teaching. Seneca recognized that the process of instructing others strengthens one's own understanding, as even those who teach find themselves learning. Teachers grow in wisdom by sharing what they know with their students.
This document discusses maximizing profitability of PET production lines through world-scale process design and operations. Some key points:
- PET line sizes have increased dramatically over the past decade from 200 tons/day to 800-1000 tons/day due to economies of scale lowering costs from $900/ton to $200/ton.
- Maximizing equipment utilization, minimizing downtime, maintaining product quality, and efficient grade changes are critical for reducing costs of production.
- Modern solid-state polymerization (SSP) lines are designed for continuous operation like melt plants through preventative maintenance, isolation capabilities, and high-purity nitrogen environments.
- Proper management of process bottlenecks and optimization of
The document summarizes a model of the sheet molding process used to produce poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Key points:
- The process involves polymerization first in a batch reactor, then transferring the prepolymer to a mold where further polymerization occurs.
- A computer model was developed to simulate the non-isothermal polymerization in the mold and how temperature variations affect monomer conversion and molecular weight properties.
- The model accounts for spatial temperature gradients in the mold due to heat transfer limitations, as well as volume contraction during polymerization.
- Simulation results showed high monomer conversion in the mold interior due to heat retention, but the wall temperature needs to increase later
This short Latin phrase document promotes taking action over just using words. It suggests that what is done is more important than what is said. Deeds or actions should speak louder than mere words alone.
Syarwan 2009 T E U N G K U C H I K D I T I R O H P S Tobe SentYose Rizal
Tulisan ini membahas hubungan antara Teungku Chik Di Tiro, pahlawan perang Aceh melawan Belanda, dengan Hikayat Prang Sabi, karya sastra yang ditulis untuk mendukung perjuangannya. Hikayat ini dipercaya ditulis oleh Teungku Chik Pante Kulu untuk memberi semangat kepada Teungku Chik Di Tiro. Teungku Chik Di Tiro gugur dalam perang melawan Belanda pada 1891 namun perjuangannya dilanjutkan
Peraturan Gubernur ini membahas pengelolaan air limbah domestik di DKI Jakarta. Dokumen ini menjelaskan kondisi saat ini di mana sebagian besar rumah tangga mengelola limbah dengan septic tank dan hanya 15% yang menggunakan IPAL. Dampaknya adalah pencemaran tanah dan air. Peraturan ini mengatur kewajiban pengelolaan limbah, persyaratan teknis, dan peran masyarakat untuk mencegah pencemaran.
This document provides details on the process for producing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at a plant. It first introduces CMC and how it is produced through a reaction of monochloroacetic acid with cellulose. It then describes the various process units involved, including a tank farm for storing raw materials, a cellulose preparation area for grinding cellulose, and production lines for technical and purified CMC. Each production line involves various steps like reaction, washing, drying, and packaging. Utilities are also described for supplying materials like steam and water to the various process units.
Phoenix park gas processors ltd presentationVeno Seebaran
Phoenix Park Gas Processors Ltd. was formed in 1989 by NGC, ConocoPhillips, and Pan West Engineers to process and export natural gas liquids from Trinidad and Tobago. The company conditions and cools the gas through various stages to separate out propane, butane, natural gasoline and methane. Major equipment includes heat exchangers, a turbo expander, and fractionation columns. Operators work 12-hour shifts continuously to monitor the plant and equipment from the control room. PPGPL's processing capabilities have positioned Trinidad and Tobago as a major exporter of natural gas derivatives.
This document provides information about the Process and Plants Department of an oil and gas company. It discusses the department's mission to process hydrocarbons and maintain product supply while ensuring safety and teamwork. It then details the various processing facilities and stages used to separate finished petroleum products from raw inputs. The document continues by outlining the department's plant capacities, types of plants, manpower details, key functions and priorities to maximize efficiency through optimized operations and maintenance practices.
The document provides information about NTPC, a power generation company in India. It discusses the FGUTPS power plant, which has a generation capacity of 1050MW across 5 units. The document then summarizes the key components and processes involved in a thermal power plant, including the coal handling plant, switchyard equipment, generators, transformers, water treatment, boilers, turbines, and turbine governing systems. It provides details on the functions, components, and processes within each subsystem that are required to generate and transmit electricity at a thermal power station.
The Spanish Egyptian Gas Company (SEGAS) liquefied natural gas complex in Damietta, Egypt exports LNG to Spain. The complex began operations in 2004 and exports LNG from its single train facility, which was the first of its kind in Egypt. The gas exported is used in Spain's new gas-fired power stations. The complex is owned by various Spanish and Italian companies along with Egyptian state entities. It has an initial capacity of 5 million tonnes per year. Plans were considered for a second train but were delayed due to issues securing sufficient gas supplies.
This document presents a case study and methods to re-establish a condemned boiler. It includes an introduction, contents listing, acknowledgements, abstract on the Hindustan Storage & Distribution Company where the boiler is located, specifications and diagrams of the boiler, scope of dismantling and repair work, results of dismantling, scope of work after renovation including flue gas analysis and boiler tuning.
This document summarizes the start-up of the world's largest ammonia plant in Bontang, Indonesia with a nameplate capacity of 2,000 metric tons per day. Some key milestones included mechanical completion in January 2000, first ignition of reformers in January 2000, and completion of performance testing in May 2000. The plant layout was optimized for efficiency and utilized proven ammonia production technologies. It achieved a low specific energy consumption of 6.89 Gcal/MT of ammonia produced.
This document summarizes the start-up of the world's largest ammonia plant in Bontang, Indonesia with a nameplate capacity of 2,000 metric tons per day. Some key milestones included mechanical completion in January 2000, first ignition of reformers in January 2000, and completion of performance testing in May 2000. The plant layout was optimized for efficiency and utilized proven ammonia production technologies. It achieved a low specific energy consumption of 6.89 Gcal/MT of ammonia produced.
The document summarizes the start-up of the world's largest ammonia plant in Bontang, Indonesia with a nameplate capacity of 2,000 metric tons per day. Key points include:
- The plant was a joint venture between Mitsui, Tomen Corp., and PT Talang Gumbaru Andhika and used Haldor Topsoe technology.
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries constructed the plant over 34 months, achieving mechanical completion in January 2000 and completing performance tests in May 2000.
- The compact design integrated waste heat recovery and utilized local natural gas and seawater to achieve low energy consumption.
Final internship refinery Presentation (1).pptxAdisanu
This document provides an overview of Indian Oil Corporation and its Panipat Refinery in India. Some key points:
- Indian Oil is India's largest oil and gas company, operating 11 refineries with a total capacity of 80.7 MMTPA.
- The Panipat Refinery is one of Indian Oil's refineries. It has a capacity of 15 MMTPA and processes various grades of crude oil.
- The refinery houses several secondary processing units like catalytic reforming units, hydrocracking units, and sulfur recovery units to upgrade the quality of products.
An exclusive in-depth look at the latest technology trends on natural refrigerants CO2, ammonia and hydrocarbons by Prof. Jiangping Chen, Shanghai Jiaotong University.
Ramgarh Gas Thermal Power Plant (RGTPP) Traning ReportIshan Khandelwal
This document provides an overview of the Ramgarh Gas Thermal Power Plant (RGTPP) in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India. It discusses the plant's installed capacity, fuel source, water supply, transmission lines, and operational performance from 2006-2013. It also describes the plant's three development stages that increased capacity to 220.5 MW total. The document provides details on the plant's combined cycle process using gas turbines and a heat recovery steam generator to power a steam turbine. It includes an introduction to the key equipment used in the gas turbine, steam turbine, and common support systems.
EDI SY SEM 2 - Mid Sem Review ppt.pptxKhaireSushom
1) The document describes a laboratory experiment to showcase a Hampson–Linde dual pressure liquefaction system to liquefy methane gas.
2) Key objectives are to increase the liquefaction cycle energy efficiency, reduce energy requirement for gas compression, and maximize liquefied gas yield.
3) A simulation model of the dual pressure system is created involving compressors, heat exchangers, expanders, and separators. The simulation output indicates the system can liquefy around 10% of the input methane at optimal conditions.
This document analyzes the operation of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit integrated with biomass gasification, a Stirling engine, and heat storage. The system was modeled and two cases were analyzed: case A with constant chemical energy input and variable heat and power outputs, and case B with constant 10 kW electric output and variable chemical energy input. Results showed the electric power, useful heat outputs, and overall efficiencies varied based on the Stirling engine exhaust gas cooling temperature difference. Further analysis of heat storage optimization could improve the economic performance of integrating different systems.
This training report provides an overview of Akhilesh Kumar's training at various ONGC facilities in the Ahmedabad asset, including the Gas Collection Station in Kalol, Gas Compression Plant in Kalol, GGS-VII in Kalol, Central Tank Farm in Nawagam, and Desalter Plant in Nawagam. The report describes the objectives, processes, equipment and facilities at each location. It highlights key components like manifolds, scrubbers, separators, storage tanks, valves, compressors, pumps, vessels, and electrical systems. The concise report aims to familiarize technical students with operations and equipment commonly used across ONGC's surface facilities.
Design and Development of Small Scale VAR System by Using Exhaust Gas of IC E...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using waste heat from an internal combustion (IC) engine exhaust to power an absorption refrigeration system for vehicle air conditioning. The researchers conducted an experiment on a 4-cylinder diesel engine and measured exhaust temperatures from 85-223°C under different loads. They calculated that 101 kJ/min of heat is carried away in the exhaust gases. The document then reviews previous studies on using exhaust heat for vehicle air conditioning and absorption refrigeration systems. It also presents heat load calculations for a vehicle cabin, showing a total cooling load of around 2,154 kJ needed between 10am-4pm. The goal is to use the waste exhaust heat to meet this cooling load through an absorption refrigeration system
Venkateshwara Power Projects Pvt Ltd (a part of Mahadik Group) is established
in 2019 to set up a greenfield distillery in Bedikhal in Chikodi Taluk in Belgaum
district of Karnataka. The project involves setting up of a 90 klpd molasses-based
distillery. The project cost is estimated at Rs. 1073.0 million. The main objective
of this plant is to produce Ethanol and generation of electricity.
Mohammed Nasser Khalfan ALMuzahmi has over 12 years of experience in the oil and gas industry, currently working as a Gas Plant Production lead and control room supervisor in Oman. He has extensive experience managing gas processing operations including acid gas removal, refrigeration, compression, and pipeline metering. He is proficient in process optimization, risk analysis, and implementing management of change systems.
The document provides an overview of a delayed coker unit that will be installed at a refinery. It describes the purpose of delayed coking as upgrading heavy petroleum residue into valuable distillates and petroleum coke. Key aspects of the delayed coker process, equipment and operating parameters are outlined, including the fractionator, coke drums, gas conditioning systems, heaters and product yields.
This document provides an overview of Pertamina's oil refining process. It discusses (1) the main refining processes including distillation, treating, conversion and quality improvement processes, (2) the configuration of Pertamina's refineries, (3) feed specifications including types of crude oil, and (4) product specifications. It notes that future challenges include increasing reliability, optimizing production, meeting regulations, and reducing costs in the face of changing crude prices, performance standards, product regulations and environmental protection requirements.
This short document consists of three words "DIN Do It Now" which appear to be an acronym or motto advocating for taking immediate action without delay on tasks or projects. The document is copyrighted and sourced from the businessballs.com website suggesting its context relates to business or self-improvement.
Surat Al-Lahab (Surat 111) menjelaskan tentang Abu Lahab, paman Nabi Muhammad SAW yang sangat menentang dakwahnya. Surat ini memperingatkan bahwa Abu Lahab dan istrinya akan binasa karena perbuatannya, dan akan masuk neraka. Surat pendek ini menjadi pelajaran bagi mereka yang menentang agama Allah.
This document provides a summary of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) industry. It describes the conventional melt/solid-state polymerization technology used to produce PET as well as some alternative processes. Emerging technologies like Eastman's Integrex process are also discussed. Production cost estimates are given for different technologies. Finally, the document analyzes supply and demand trends in key markets like the US, Europe, and China.
The document is a process flow diagram for a proposed biodiesel plant. Raw materials like waste cooking oil, animal fats and processed fatty acid distillate are pre-treated and purified. They are then processed using a transesterification reaction with methanol and KOH catalyst to produce biodiesel and glycerine. The biodiesel undergoes further purification and quality control. Byproducts like glycerine and fertilizers are also produced. Effluents are treated in wastewater and sludge treatment systems before being discharged.
1) Polyester plant design and engineering is becoming more competitive as new companies enter the market, particularly in China, where domestic Chinese engineering capabilities are growing.
2) Traditional large engineering companies still dominate the largest plants at 800 tons/day or more, while new companies have increased their market share and can build plants up to 600 tons/day.
3) There is a trend toward simplifying polyester processes by reducing the number of steps to cut costs, with some new technologies achieving savings of up to 21% in conversion costs.
Thermochemical Processing Of Biomass BrownYose Rizal
The document discusses four thermochemical pathways for converting biomass to renewable fuels and bioproducts: (1) gasification followed by catalytic synthesis of alcohols and hydrocarbons, (2) fast pyrolysis producing bio-oil and char, (3) syngas fermentation using microbes to produce alcohols and acids, and (4) fermenting sugars extracted from bio-oil. Each approach is outlined along with its advantages and disadvantages compared to biochemical and other thermochemical methods. Research teams at Iowa State University are working to develop these thermochemical biorefinery technologies.
1) Cooling tower water quality must be carefully managed to prevent problems like scale formation, corrosion, and biological fouling.
2) Left unattended, the water can support biological growth and corrode or scale equipment. Proper treatment includes monitoring cycles of concentration and blowing down water to control solids levels.
3) Poor water maintenance leads to reduced efficiency from scale, corrosion from deposits, and biological fouling of the cooling tower fill. Water treatment strategies include controlling cycles, inhibiting scale and corrosion, and biocide addition.
This document provides an introduction to polymers (plastics) including:
1) Plastics have only been commonly available for about 100 years but have had an enormous impact on manufacturing and product design.
2) Plastics can be categorized as natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic depending on their source and production method. The most common plastics today are synthetic.
3) Early plastics included natural materials like shellac as well as early semi-synthetic materials like celluloid and bakelite. These paved the way for truly synthetic plastics to be developed in the 1900s and proliferate after World War 2.
The document provides guidance on maintaining the mechanical aspects of cooling towers to keep them running efficiently. It outlines important inspection and maintenance procedures for key components like motors, gear reducers, drive shafts, fans, and water flow paths. Regular inspection and maintenance of these parts is essential to prevent operational problems, downtime, and system failures.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
1. CHAPTER II
MEDCO SINGA CPP DESCRIPTION
2.1. OPERATIONS and PROCESS
LNG processing facility Singa Central Processing CPP is the operating phase of the separation and
purification of natural gas from four (4) existing wells in field. STAGEs of processing operations of gas flow
from the well done aims to meet the specifications of the desired gas by Perusahaan Gas Negara (PGN)
unit area of South Sumatra. Production capacity at Singa Field CPP each well by 30 MMSCFD.
1. the Gas processing Unit Singa CPP consists of:
a. Gas Gathering System,
b. Separation System
c. Acid Gas Removal System
d. Dehydration Unit System,
e. Thermal Unit Oxidasi,
f. Sales Gas Pipeline and Pagardewa Receiving Facilities
2. Supporting Utilities Unit consisting of:
g. the Thermal Fluid System,
h. Closed Drain System.
i. Water Treatment Unit * Fire Water,
j. Produced Water/Disposal
k. Unit Power generators, Diesel Fuel System
Specification of gas supplied from wells and processed at the Processing Unit based on gas composition
of Singa CPP Wells. is as follows:
Pressure psig 1270
Temperature F 250
Component
Methane (% mol) 61.20
Ethane (% moll) 0.17
2. Propane (% mol) 0.01
i-Butane (% mol) 0.01
CO2 (% vol) 38.41
N2 (% mol) 0.03
H2S (% mol) 0.035
H2O (% mol) -
Molar Flow
93
MMSCFD
(Dry
Basis) HP
Case
Tabel-1 Gas Supplied Specification
2.2 Specifications Gas Products‐Gas products from Singa CPP sent to Surrender Station Pagardewa must
meet specifications request buyer, in this case the Perusahaan Gas Negara (PGN). The flow of gas products
received by PGN through terminal facilities at Pagardewa acceptance is as follows:
Pressure psig 1050
Temperature F 98.5
HC dew Point,
max. pada
1050psig
oF 55
Methane %-mol 96.2693
Ethane %-mol 0.2778
Propane %-mol 0.0165
i-Butane %-mol 0.0165
CO2 %-vol 4
N2, max. %-mol 5
H2S, max. ppm-vol 4
H2O Lb/MMSCF 8
3. Molar Flow
50
MMSCFD
HP Case
Sources of gas well production comes from four well with the amount of 116.8 MMSCFD at a temperature
of 250 ° F and 375 psig pressure with specification as aforesaid. Each of the well done analysis of
composition and condensate content periodically, alternating for 4 hours with Test Separator. The Gas
produced from the well production is that the corrosive gas elements due to its high content of CO2. Of
the four streams of gas wells walked into the gathering system or system of manifold. There are 3 manifold
or header for which the supply of gas flow from the well came in, the first a header/manifold blowdown
serves to transfer or release pressure in the system when the primary process occurs the excesses of
pressure or problems on the gas plant. The System is equipped with a blowdown valve (BDV) to cope with
emergencies. the BDV on blowdown line will open automatically and siphon the gas to the Flare
KNOCKOUT Drum, so on gas flow to the Flares, while the shutdown valve (SDV) on line main process will
close so that no gas was flowing into the gas plant. Second is the manifold/header for on‐site sampling
routine. The Gas flows into the separation tank test 31‐MBD‐102 after through the inlet separator 31‐
MBD‐127 and water cooler blower 31‐201. Manifold/header to‐3 or called with production manifold, here
also passed inlet gas flow separator tank 31‐MBD‐127, water cooler blower 31‐201 and production
separator. The inlet separator 31‐MBD‐126 and 31‐MBD‐109, flushing occurs due to the high‐pressure
flow of gas towards lower pressure causing the liquid phase separation occurs in the gas phase. Phase
liquid in the gas so we refer to as condensate, containing heavy hydrocarbon and water. The condensate
is accommodated in the inlet separator 31‐MBD‐127, test separator 31‐MBD‐102 and production
separator 31‐MBD‐101 each vessel have a level controller for controlling the level/flow unit condensate
Produced Water Disposal System. The gas Separation Unit output feedback to CO2 Removal with the
condition of the process:
Pressure 1235 psig 1055 psig
Temperature 119.3 oF 119.3 oF
Component % mole % mole
Methane 61.1923 61.1788
Ethane 0.1700 0.1699
Propane 0.0100 0.0100
i-Butane 0.0100 0.0100
CO2 38.2936 38.2928
N2 0.0300 0.0300
H2S 0.0346 0.0346
H2O 0.2595 0.2739
Standard Gas
Flow
93
MMSCFD
HP Case
90
MMSCFD
LP Case
5. of the flow of the lean amine in transferred to the Amine Charcoal Filter 35‐JANG‐109 and Amine
Particulate After filter‐35‐JANG‐111 to take contaminant particles and later transferred to both
Amine Absorber using pump 35‐PBA‐334A/B.
3. Acid Gas System
Acid gas out of the flash column on 12 psig and 161 oF and cooled with condenser 35‐HAL‐203 to
temperature 140 oF. The flow out of the condenser is a mixture of water and acid, into the
accumulator 30‐MBD‐109 which served as a gas‐liquid separator. Acid gas passing through the
accumulator to the Thermal Oxidizer (T‐Ox). The water that goes into the bottom of the
accumulator flow Flash Column using a reflux pump 35‐PBA‐332A/B. Acid gas is burned inside
the chimney Thermal Oxidizer before safely and in accordance with the gas quality emissions
government regulation role to be released into the atmosphere through the vent stack.
A. Antifoam Injection System
Antifoam Injection System was installed to minimize Antifoam injection of foam (foam) in the
amine system. Flow injection antifoam are:
• Suction of the Reflux Pumps (35‐PBA‐332A/B)
• Suction of Rich Pumps (35‐PBA‐333A/B)
• Suction of Lean Pumps (35‐PBA‐334A/B)
B. Membrane Unit
STAGE I Membrane Pre Treatment System of gas filter Gas Feed 45 MILLION towards the
membrane unit and the rest flows to the amine unit. The Feed gas at 1230 psig and 119 0F entered
the tube side of the Gas/Gas Exchanger 35‐HBG‐281 in the chill to the temperature of the gas
residue 88 oF Membrane Skid Package STAGE I. A Gas has on the chill in the First STAGE Filter
Coalescer 35‐MAJ‐175 to eliminate the water and the condensed hydrocarbons. Vapor at 1223
psig and 87oF streamed to the First STAGE Electrical Heater 35‐NAP‐681 to raise the temperature
to 109 oF. The Feed gas is then transferred to the First STAGE Guard bed 35‐MBA‐182 and First
STAGE Particle Filter 35‐JANG‐183 for the first.
B.1. STAGE I Membrane Skid Package Each membrane is made up of four skids of bank with 7
pieces of tube, membrane tube has four nozzle: A nozzle the inlet feed‐gas. ‐One nozzle for
residual gas outlet. ‐Two nozzle to permeate outlet gas. Separex membrane elements made from
cellulose acetat which has two layers: the thick micro porous layer and a thin active layer on top
of the micro porous layer. The Feed gas into the tube membrane and distributed into membrane
meliwati high pressure channel spacer. Along the way the gas inside the tube membrane, CO2,
H2S, and other materials which are highly permeable to quickly penetrate the membrane to reach
into a permeate channel spacer. Components permeate this move with spiral patterns in a tube
to permeate tube. Components with such a small permeable methane power missed in high
pressure channel spacer next element flows into or out of the membrane tube, go to residual
header. The flow of incoming feedback flow freely from the element to the element on the eve
of the U‐cup seal installed in upstream side of each element. Each tip out the covered with epoxy
membrane elements. The Feed gas enters Membrane Skid Package STAGE I in 1210 psig and
109oF. Unit membrane lowers CO2 and H2S from the gas feed 38.4 mole% down to 4% mole and
H2S 346 ppm‐v down to 18 ppm‐v, each producing gas 24.7 MMSCFD. Then the gas is heated by
Gas/Gas Exchanger 35‐HBG‐281 up to 111 oF. Due to the high content of H2S is still high, mounted