MDT-GIT - PowerPoint presentation lecture
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1. Liver biopsy was first performed in the late 19th century and has since been refined and used more widely. It remains an important diagnostic and prognostic tool.
2. Liver biopsy indications include diagnosing liver disease when blood tests and imaging are inconclusive, assessing fibrosis stage and prognosis, and assisting treatment decisions.
3. The most common type is percutaneous biopsy, though transjugular and laparoscopic biopsies are also used. Percutaneous biopsy can be blind or imaged-guided.
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1. The patient presented with persistent fever and abdominal pain and was diagnosed with infectious enterocolitis, likely caused by rotavirus. Imaging showed colitis of the ascending colon with suspected perforation and abscess formation.
2. Gastrointestinal perforation requires full-thickness injury to the bowel wall and can result from various medical and surgical causes. Clinical features depend on the location and contents released.
3. Management involves IV fluids, antibiotics, and surgery to repair the perforation site for patients with signs of peritonitis or worsening symptoms. Some perforations can be managed non-operatively with antibiotics if the perforation is contained.
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- Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Incidence and mortality rates vary globally, with higher rates in East Asia.
- Diagnosis involves detailed history, physical exam, and appropriate investigations including endoscopy with biopsy, imaging studies, and blood tests. Early diagnosis remains challenging due to non-specific symptoms.
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This document discusses various causes of acute abdominal pain, including non-specific abdominal pain (34%), acute appendicitis (28%), acute cholecystitis (10%), small bowel obstruction (4%), perforated peptic ulcer (3%), pancreatitis (3%), and diverticular disease (2%). It describes the pathophysiology of visceral, parietal, and referred pain. It provides details on localized pain patterns from various abdominal organs and conditions. It also outlines the important history, physical exam findings, and initial investigations for evaluating a patient with acute abdominal pain.
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2. Sobia, a 40-year old female, presented with anal pain and weight loss. Examination found a polypoidal growth in the rectum. Investigations confirmed adenocarcinoma.
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1. Liver biopsy was first performed in the late 19th century and has since been refined and used more widely. It remains an important diagnostic and prognostic tool.
2. Liver biopsy indications include diagnosing liver disease when blood tests and imaging are inconclusive, assessing fibrosis stage and prognosis, and assisting treatment decisions.
3. The most common type is percutaneous biopsy, though transjugular and laparoscopic biopsies are also used. Percutaneous biopsy can be blind or imaged-guided.
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1. The patient presented with persistent fever and abdominal pain and was diagnosed with infectious enterocolitis, likely caused by rotavirus. Imaging showed colitis of the ascending colon with suspected perforation and abscess formation.
2. Gastrointestinal perforation requires full-thickness injury to the bowel wall and can result from various medical and surgical causes. Clinical features depend on the location and contents released.
3. Management involves IV fluids, antibiotics, and surgery to repair the perforation site for patients with signs of peritonitis or worsening symptoms. Some perforations can be managed non-operatively with antibiotics if the perforation is contained.
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This morbidity and mortality case report discusses an elderly woman with renal cell carcinoma and multiple medical issues who presented with worsening fatigue and elevated liver enzymes. She was admitted for further workup and had a liver biopsy complicated by hemorrhagic shock and abdominal compartment syndrome requiring multiple blood transfusions and procedures. She ultimately died of multi-organ failure within 4 days of admission. Key discussion points included whether the biopsy was necessary, indications and contraindications, improving post-procedure care, and considering alternatives to the biopsy for this high-risk patient.
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A 60-year-old man presented with urinary symptoms including dysuria, nocturia, poor stream, urgency and frequency, and pain. Examination found an enlarged, nodular prostate. Investigations showed an enlarged prostate measuring 6.2x5.8x5.8cm with normal lab results. The patient underwent a TURP procedure which found a high-grade small cell neuroendocrine tumor with perineural invasion.
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A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with urinary frequency and abdominal bloating. Examination revealed a large cystic and firm mass in her pelvis. Transvaginal ultrasound and CT scan confirmed a 4.5x5.0x7.5cm complex right pelvic mass and elevated CA-125 level of 622 U/ml. She underwent exploratory laparotomy involving a hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and omentectomy to optimally debulk the tumor, followed by chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel to further treat and prevent recurrence of ovarian cancer.
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Early Diagnosis Of Gastric Carcinoma
- Gastric carcinoma was first described in Western literature in the 11th century. Surgical resection for gastric cancer was first performed in the late 19th century.
- Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Incidence and mortality rates vary globally, with higher rates in East Asia.
- Diagnosis involves detailed history, physical exam, and appropriate investigations including endoscopy with biopsy, imaging studies, and blood tests. Early diagnosis remains challenging due to non-specific symptoms.
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This document discusses various causes of acute abdominal pain, including non-specific abdominal pain (34%), acute appendicitis (28%), acute cholecystitis (10%), small bowel obstruction (4%), perforated peptic ulcer (3%), pancreatitis (3%), and diverticular disease (2%). It describes the pathophysiology of visceral, parietal, and referred pain. It provides details on localized pain patterns from various abdominal organs and conditions. It also outlines the important history, physical exam findings, and initial investigations for evaluating a patient with acute abdominal pain.
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MDT-GIT - PowerPoint presentation lecture
- 1. MDT-GIT CONSULTANTS -DR NYAMHUNGA , DR CHIBONDA REGISTRAR - DR NF NCUBE
- 2. Clinical Presentation • 48/F ,Ms GM , HIV positive on HAART since 2006 • March 2024 presented with acute abdominal pain • USS scan showed an inflamed appendix • Emergency appendectomy done • Pathology showed an appendiceal tumor • Follow up CT imaging noted multiple sub centimeter lymph nodes • Positive family history of malignancy , brother diagnosed of Colon CA • 2nd degree relatives diagnosed of other malignancies
- 3. Physical Examination • KPS - 100% • JACCOL • Right lower quadrant abdominal scar • Healed supra pubic scar • no masses , no tenderness • rest of system examination unremarkable
- 4. Bloods • FBC -WCC-5.80 Hb-14.1 Plt-234 MCV -86.5 ANC -1.65 • U& E s - Na -143 K-3.6 Urea-2.81 Creat-60.2 EgFR- 60 • Ca19.9-10.8 • CEA -1.341
- 5. Review • Pathology • Radiology • Surgical review • Discussion