MC SCI 1 Topic 2.pptx
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The document discusses the DepEd framework for teaching science in the Philippines. It emphasizes developing scientific, technological, and environmental literacy among students. The framework focuses on three domains: scientific knowledge including understanding and applying knowledge as well as demonstrating inquiry skills and attitudes; science content covering various topics; and science process skills such as observing and experimenting. It also discusses learning theories that can be applied to science education, such as constructivism, social cognition theory, learning styles, multiple intelligences, and brain-based learning.
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Cognitive Development The last two decades .docx
Cognitive Development
“The last two decades of infancy research have seen dramatic changes in the
way developmental psychologists char
acterize the earliest stages of cognitive
development. The infant, once regarded
as an organism driven mainly by sim
ple sensorimotor schemes, is now seen
as possessing sophisticated cognitive
skills and even sophisticated concepts
that guide knowledge acquisition”
(Madole and Oakes 1999, 263).
“What we see in the crib is the great
est mind that has ever existed, the
most powerful learning machine in
the universe” (Gopnik, Meltzoff, and
Kuhl 1999, 1).
The term cognitive development
refers to the process of growth and
change in intellectual/mental abilities
such as thinking, reasoning and
understanding. It includes the acquisi
tion and consolidation of knowledge.
Infants draw on social-emotional,
language, motor, and perceptual
experiences and abilities for cognitive
development. They are attuned to
relationships between features of
objects, actions, and the physical
environment. But they are particularly
attuned to people. Parents, family
members, friends, teachers, and care
givers play a vital role in supporting
the cognitive development of infants by
providing the healthy interpersonal or
social-emotional context in which
cognitive development unfolds. Caring,
responsive adults provide the base
from which infants can fully engage in
behaviors and interactions that pro
mote learning. Such adults also serve
as a prime source of imitation.
Cultural context is important to
young children’s cognitive develop
ment. There is substantial variation
in how intelligence is defined within
different cultures (Sternberg and
Grigorenko 2004). As a result, dif
ferent aspects of cognitive function
ing or cognitive performance may be
more highly valued in some cultural
contexts than in others. For example,
whereas processing speed is an aspect
of intelligence that is highly valued
within the predominant Western con
ceptualizations of intelligence, “Ugan
dan villagers associate intelligence
with adjectives such as slow, careful,
and active” (Rogoff and Chavajay 1995,
865.). Aspects of intelligence that have
to do with social competence appear to
be seen as more important than speed
��
C
O
G
N
IT
IV
E
D
E
V
E
L
O
P
M
E
N
T
60
in some non-Western cultural contexts
(Sternberg and Grigorenko 2004). Cer
tainly, it is crucial for early childhood
professionals to recognize the role that
cultural context plays in defining and
setting the stage for children’s healthy
cognitive functioning.
Research has identified a broad
range of cognitive competencies and
described the remarkable progres
sion of cognitive development during
the early childhood years. Experts in
the field describe infants as active,
motivated, and engaged learners who
possess an impressive range of cogni
tive competencies (National Research
Council and Institute of ...
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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“The last two decades of infancy research have seen dramatic changes in the
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development. The infant, once regarded
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“What we see in the crib is the great
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understanding. It includes the acquisi
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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MC SCI 1 Topic 2.pptx
- 1. MC SCI 1 Topic 2: TEACHING SCIENCE MARK LAURENCE NUÑEZ, INSTRUCTOR
- 4. The Intended Outcome It emphasizes the need to develop scientific, technological, and environmental literacy among the students.
- 9. Science CONTENT Includes: human body, care and nourishment, plants, animals and other living things, light, energy, environment, water, air, sound, simple machines, weather, rocks, minerals, the earth, magnetism, effect of gravity, and space and planets among many Other topics.
- 10. Science PROCESS SKILLS Includes: observing, communicating, measuring, classifying, inferencing, predicting, identifying and controlling variables, formulating and testing hypotheses, defining operationally, interpreting data, experimenting, and constructing models
- 11. Scientific ATTITUDE Includes: curiosity, imagination, the love of asking questions (inquisitiveness), a desire to solve problems, and respect for scientific methods and values
- 13. ATTRIBUTES NEEDED IN SCIECE (1) an effective communicator
- 14. ATTRIBUTES NEEDED IN SCIECE (2) a critical and creative problem solver
- 15. ATTRIBUTES NEEDED IN SCIECE (3) an informed decision maker
- 16. ATTRIBUTES NEEDED IN SCIECE (4) an innovative or inventive thinker
- 17. ATTRIBUTES NEEDED IN SCIECE (5) a responsible steward of nature.
- 19. LEARNING THEORIES & APPROCHES Constructivism posits that people construct or develop their own local understanding of the world based on their own experiences, beliefs, culture, values, and prior knowledge. This is why this theory is associated with “learning by doing” or “active learning.”
- 20. LEARNING THEORIES & APPROCHES Social Cognition Learning Model or the Social Cognitive Learning Theory says people gain knowledge by observing other people in the context of their interactions with them, their experiences, and through influences by the media.
- 21. LEARNING THEORIES & APPROCHES Learning Style Theory assumes that children have several learning styles but may exhibit a preferred learning style. Some prefer learning through visual, auditory, or tactile kinesthetic ways.
- 22. LEARNING THEORIES & APPROCHES Multiple intelligence theory shows the student strengths, being dominantly (1) logical- mathematical, (2) linguistic, (3) musical, (4) spatial, (5) bodily- kinesthetic, (6) interpersonal, (7) intrapersonal, or (😎 naturalist, or a combination of several of these.)
- 23. LEARNING THEORIES & APPROCHES Brain-based Learning or BBL is a result of the latest findings on how the brain works based on research in neuroscience, psychology, and education. This also includes how the brain learns as it develops while a person grows up and matures physically, cognitively, and socio- emotionally. It has four basic elements: approach, priming, novelty, and motivational strategies. BBL believes in the plasticity of the brain as changes through one’s life.