Maternal mortality rates in Ghana 2
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Maternal mortality rates in Ghana are high, with over 99% of maternal deaths occurring in developing countries like Ghana. Access to healthcare is more limited in rural areas of Ghana, where 63% of Ghanaians live, and pregnant women may have to walk long distances to reach care. Efforts are being made to increase the number of skilled birth attendants visiting remote villages to help reduce mortality. Complications from unsafe abortions also contribute to 11% of maternal deaths in Ghana. Achieving the UN Millennium Development Goals for maternal healthcare by 2015 will require coordinated efforts across sectors.
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This document provides an overview of maternal healthcare in Guatemala. It notes that Guatemala has a high maternal mortality rate compared to other Latin American countries, with indigenous women at especially high risk. The leading cause of maternal death in Guatemala is postpartum hemorrhage. While efforts have been made to improve access and cultural sensitivity of care for indigenous communities, healthcare resources and spending remain very limited. Simulation-based training for healthcare providers is recommended to help address preventable causes of maternal death like postpartum hemorrhage.
10.11648.j.jgo.20150304.11
This study examined the utilization of skilled birth attendance among women in Sidama Zone, Ethiopia. The researchers found that:
1) Only 26.8% of mothers gave birth at a health facility, attended by a skilled birth attendant.
2) Younger age, higher education levels, fewer births, more antenatal care visits, previous facility delivery experience, and greater maternal knowledge were associated with increased use of skilled birth attendance.
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ReferencesHoltz, C. (2017). Global health care Issues and polic.docx
References
Holtz, C. (2017). Global health care: Issues and policies (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett.
· Chapter 11, “Global Use of Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches” (pp. 287-320)
· Chapter 17, “Global Health in Reproduction and Infants” (pp. 465-493)
· Chapter 21, “Health and Health Care in Mexico” (pp. 579-590)
Levine, R. (2007). Case studies in global health: Millions saved. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett.
· Case 6, “Saving Mothers’ Lives in Sri Lanka” (pp. 41–48)
Douglas, M. K., Rosenkoetter, M., Pacquiao, D. F., Callister, L. C., Hattar-Pollara, M., Lauderdale, J., … Purnell, L. (2014). Guidelines for implementing culturally competent nursing care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 25(2), 109–121.
Yeager, K. A., & Bauer-Wu, S. (2013). Cultural humility: Essential foundation for clinical researchers. Applied Nursing Research, 26(4), 251–256.
Saving MotherS’ LiveS in Sri Lanka �
T
he reduction in deaths during pregnancy and
delivery has long been held out as a major
international public health goal, but many
countries have had difficulties making prog-
ress toward it. Most observers now agree that there are
no quick fixes, and that the solution will come with the
strengthening of now-failing health systems in many
poor countries, building up the training of professional
and paraprofessional health workers, improving access
to both basic and higher-level services, and ensuring the
availability of basic medical supplies and medications to
deal with obstetric problems. The case of Sri Lanka dem-
onstrates how rapidly progress can occur when those
fundamental building blocks are in place.
Mothers Shouldn’t Die in Childbirth
Pregnancy and childbirth are natural events and typi-
cally require little or no medical intervention for either
mother or baby. But in about 15 percent of all preg-
nancies, a severe complication affects the woman—for
example, maternal diabetes or dangerously high blood
pressure sets in, excessive bleeding occurs during child-
birth, or the mother suffers from a serious postpartum
Case 6
Saving Mothers’ Lives in Sri Lanka
Geographic area: Sri Lanka
Health condition: in the �950s, the maternal mortality ratio in Sri Lanka was estimated at between 500
and 600 per �00,000 live births.
Global importance of the health condition today: Pregnancy-related complications annually claim the lives
of 585,000 women. Some 99 percent of these deaths take place in developing countries, where women
have a � in 8 chance of dying in their lifetime due to pregnancy-related causes, compared with the � in
4,800 chance in Western europe.
Intervention or program: Beginning in the �950s, the government of Sri Lanka made special efforts to ex-
tend health services, including critical elements of maternal health care, through a widespread rural health
network. Sri Lanka’s success in reducing maternal deaths is attributed to broad access to maternal health
care, which is built upon a ...
Maternal and child health in Ghana: progress, challenges and prospects
Ayaga A. Bawah's presentation to Annual Health Forum of Civil Society Organizations in Health, October 16, 2008, Alisa Hotel, Accra
maternal mortality and neonatal mortality.pptx
Maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity are defined. The leading causes of maternal death are severe bleeding, infections, high blood pressure during pregnancy, and complications during delivery. Nearly 75% of maternal deaths are due to these complications. Skilled care before, during, and after childbirth can prevent many maternal and neonatal deaths by managing and treating complications in a timely manner. However, many women in developing countries do not receive this essential care due to issues of poverty, distance from facilities, lack of information, and inadequate healthcare services. International efforts like the Sustainable Development Goals aim to reduce maternal mortality worldwide by improving access to quality maternal healthcare.
Determinants of the Uptake of Free Maternity Services among Pregnant Mothers ...
Determinants of the Uptake of Free Maternity Services among Pregnant Mothers ...Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore
Over the past decade, Kenya has made tremendous efforts to enhance maternal and child health. Secure maternity policies such as free maternity care are one of the initiatives that have enhanced maternal and child health in all public health facilities. Despite these attempts, public health facilities for maternal and child health are still underused. This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive study design to identify determinants of free maternal health services by evaluating factors determining perceptions and health-seeking behavior of 384 pregnant mothers in Malava Sub-County, Kakamega County. The study used a mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative approaches). Questionnaires were administered to pregnant mothers selected for the study. The study employed a purposive sampling of research participants. Quantitative data were collected using the questionnaire administered by the research assistants whereas qualitative data were collected by the researcher through interview schedules. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using SPSS 23. However, qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. Quantitative data representation was done in terms of frequency and percentages. Analysis of chi-square testing was used to assess the association between the variables of socio-economic and health facilities and the provision of free maternity facilities (p<0.05). The study established that the uptake of free maternal service by pregnant mothers was influenced by their level of primitivism and religious beliefs. In addition, this study found out that 53.8% and 77.7% of the pregnant mothers could not attend antenatal and post-natal care because government facilities were located far away from their residences and they also had less access to some information about free maternal health care. The results of this research would be disseminated to the hospital management team, Sub-Country health management team, County health management team, and other stakeholders, thereby demonstrating reasons for low uptake of free maternity services and helping to strategize for better service delivery. Based on the finding, the study recommends that to improve access to free maternal health care, the county government ought to place health services as close as possible to the community where people live. Secondly, there is a need to embrace the usage of the existing media network to sensitize pregnant mothers to the danger signs and the need to have decision-making powers over their safety. Lastly, hospital management ought to increase the awareness of free maternal health care and to include it among the community priorities during dialog days, action days, and other group discussions. Skilled care during pregnancy
The document discusses maternal health and efforts to reduce maternal mortality. It notes that Millennium Development Goal 5 aimed to reduce maternal mortality by 75% by 2015 but progress has been slow. It provides facts about the high rate of maternal deaths worldwide, especially in developing countries, and discusses causes as well as strategies that have been shown effective in increasing skilled care during childbirth such as professionalizing midwifery, ensuring funding and supplies for skilled care at births, and strengthening community support and referral systems.
Module IIIMaternal Health ______________________________________.docx
Module III
Maternal Health _______________________________________________
Introduction
In the Module we will explore maternal health paying particular attention to global disparities in the support and care mothers around the world get, the factors that promote such disparities, causes of maternal mortality and morbidity, the impact of reproductive patterns on the health of children, and mechanisms to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-and –middle income countries.
At the end of this Module you should be able to articulate the following:
Critical Skills
1. Explain the global trends in maternal health.
2. Identify the key players and they play in promoting maternal health.
3. Be able to identify the causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in the U.S and other countries, particularly developing nations.
4. Explain mechanisms used to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
5. Be familiar with at least two development organizations/NGOs and their work around maternal health.
Maternal Health at a Glance
Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. While most women look forward to motherhood (and their spouses to fatherhood), for too many women, motherhood is a torturous experience associated with suffering, ill-health and even death. It is estimated that about 800 women die from pregnancy- or childbirth-related complications around the world every day. Consider the following few facts about maternal health (WHO):
· Every day, approximately 800 women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth – about 287 000 women in 2010 alone. Most of them died due to preventable cause like not being able to access skilled routine and emergency care.
· The FOUR main maternal mortality causes are: severe bleeding, infections, unsafe abortion, and hypertensive disorders (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia). After delivery bleeding is very serious condition, if unattended, it can kill even a healthy woman within two hours.
· Of the more than 136 million women who give birth a year, about 20 million of them experience pregnancy-related illness after childbirth.
· About 16 million girls aged between 15 and 19 give birth each year, accounting for more than 10% of all births. Complications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among girls 15-19 in developing nations.
· The state of maternal health mirrors the gap between the rich and the poor. Less than 1% of maternal deaths occur in high-income countries. The lifetime risk of dying from complications in childbirth or pregnancy for a woman in the developing world is an average of one in 150 compared to one in 3800 in developed countries. Of the 800 women who die every day,440 live in sub-Saharan Africa, 230 in Southern Asia and five in high-income countries.
· Most maternal deaths can be prevented through skilled care at childbirth and access to emergency obstetric c ...
Choice for women: have your say on a new plan to tackle reproductive, materna...
More than a third of a million women die every year from complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Improving reproductive, maternal and newborn health in the developing world is a major priority for the UK Government. DFID is therefore developing a new business plan.
To inform the plan we are holding a 12 week consultation, which will close on 20 October 2010. We want to hear what people in the UK and around the world have to say on the subject of reproductive, maternal and newborn health. This will help us to understand different viewpoints, how these issues might vary in different countries, and how DFID could work better with partners.
If you want to discuss the consultation with colleagues, partners or users of services, we have created this presentation document to help you stimulate discussion. Once you have gathered responses submit your feedback online or use our template response document and email your comments.
To find out more visit http://www.dfid.gov.uk/choiceforwomen
Safe Motherhood & Maternal Mortality.pptx
The document discusses the World Health Organization's 1987 Safe Motherhood Initiative to reduce maternal mortality. The initiative aimed to reduce maternal deaths by half by 2000 and extended this goal to 2015. It operates through government, non-governmental organizations and other groups to enhance women's health and lives. Nearly 600,000 women between 15-49 die every year from pregnancy complications, 99% occurring in developing countries. Ensuring safe motherhood involves increasing education, prenatal care, nutrition, assisted delivery, emergency services and postnatal care.
Ghia foundation strategy document v4.dec.17.2015 (ab)
GHIA FOUNDATION WAS FOUNDED IN 2013 by a team of kind-heated Professionals.
VISION: A World where women in developing Countries live healthier , longer lives
MISSION – To reduce morbidity and mortality among women in developing Countries by strengthening Health Systems to deliver high quality, comprehensive health services.
Healthy mothers, healthy babies: Taking stock of maternal health - Unicef
Healthy mothers, healthy babies: Taking stock of maternal health - UnicefProf. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
Os cuidados de saúde prestados durante a gravidez salvaguardam o bem-estar da mãe e do feto e proporcionam um bom começo de vida aos bebês. Os custos financeiros de ter um bebê podem ser catastróficos, impedindo as mulheres grávidas de procurar serviços essenciais de saúde materna e colocando em risco a vida das mães e de seus filhos.
De acordo com a análise recentemente divulgada, estima-se que 5 milhões de famílias vivendo na África, Ásia, América Latina e Caribe incorrerão em grandes dificuldades financeiras a cada ano - ou gastos catastróficos em saúde - devido a ausência de cuidados pré-natal e parto. Os gastos com saúde são considerados grandes se excederem 40% dos gastos não essenciais, não alimentares, de um domicílio. Quase dois terços dessas famílias, ou cerca de 3 milhões de famílias, estão na Ásia.
O documento aborda ainda, a epidemia de cesáreas, o casamento infantil, a gravidez na adolescência...
Obrigado e parabéns ao Unicef!
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho Safe motherhood
Improve quality and increase access to family planning and maternal health care services
Educate couples to ensure they have the best chance for a wanted and safe pregnancy
Safe motherhood is one of the important components of Reproductive Health. It means ensuring that all women receive the care they need, to be safe and healthy throughout pregnancy and childbirth. It is the ability of a mother to have safe & healthy pregnancy & child birth.
LANDSCAPE OF MATERNAL CHILD HEALTH IN UGANDA.pptx
Uganda’s population was estimated at 42 million in 2020 and is expected to increase by 5.5 million to reach 48 million by 2025 due to annual population growth rate of 3.4%, among the highest in the world.
Twenty percent of the population live in poverty, and the absolute number remains high at 8.3 million. One in five persons living in poverty (<USD$1/day). Overall, the incidence of rural poverty is more than double that of urban poverty.
The average household size in Uganda is estimated at five persons, and three in every 10 households (31%) are headed by females. Of the 8.3 million households in the country, 72% are in rural areas.
Almost half (49%) of the population is under age 15, and 70% are less than 25. This predominantly young population and rising life expectancy (male: 62.8 years, female 64.5 years) creates an increasing cohort of mothers, newborns, adolescents, adults, and older people needing more Reproductive maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (RMNCAH) services.
NCM-109-INTRODUCTION1.pptx
This document discusses care of mothers and children at risk. It begins by introducing how deaths and disabilities from pregnancy can be prevented through interventions like family planning and quality prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care. It then provides data on risks like poor and young women being more likely to have closely spaced pregnancies. Global and local maternal mortality statistics are presented, identifying the leading causes of death. High risk pregnancies are defined as those with concurrent disorders, complications, or external factors that threaten the health of the mother or fetus. Risk factors are categorized as socio-demographic, occupational, related to being marginalized, and related to infants and children.
NCM-109-INTRODUCTION1.pptx
This document discusses care of mothers and children at risk. It begins by introducing how deaths and disabilities from pregnancy can be prevented through interventions like family planning and quality prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care. It then provides basic data on the risks faced by poor and young mothers, such as closely spaced pregnancies. Statistics are given on maternal deaths in the Philippines and reasons for death. High risk pregnancies are defined as those with concurrent disorders, complications, or external factors that threaten the health of the mother or fetus. Risk factors discussed include socio-demographic factors, occupational hazards, and risks faced by marginalized women and their infants or children.
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Maternal and child health in Ghana: progress, challenges and prospects
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Determinants of the Uptake of Free Maternity Services among Pregnant Mothers ...
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Module IIIMaternal Health ______________________________________.docx
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Choice for women: have your say on a new plan to tackle reproductive, materna...
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Maternal mortality rates in Ghana 2
- 1. Maternal Mortality Rates in Ghana
- 2. Around the world, one mother dies every minute from pregnancy related complications. 50,000 to 100,000 new cases develop each year. (W.H.O) In many parts of Africa and Asia, 1 in 10 will die.(W.H.O)
- 3. Over 99 percent of those deaths occur in developing countries such as Ghana.
- 5. Causes of maternal deaths in Ghana.
- 6. In most developing countries, access to health care services in rural areas is more limited than in urban areas. This issue is of particular significance for Ghana since 63 percent of its population lives in rural areas.
- 7. Line chart showing the differences between rural and urban access to health care services
- 8. Pregnant women may have to walk long distances in order to be attended to in remote villages in particular.
- 9. To reduce the high mortality rate, efforts are being made for skilled attendants to visit patients in remote villages.
- 10. Abortion complications: Maternal mortality is the second most common cause of death among women in Ghana, and more than one in 10 maternal deaths (11%) are the result of unsafe induced abortions. In addition, a substantial proportion of women who survive an unsafe abortion experience complications from the procedure. This suffering is all the more tragic because it is unnecessary: Many women likely turn to unsafe providers or do not obtain adequate post abortion care when it is needed because they are unaware that abortion is legal on fairly broad grounds in Ghana. Complications after abortion
- 11. High Cost of Care Up until the recent introduction of the National Health Insurance Scheme, most women could not afford to be seen by a specialist.
- 12. Donation made to the Tema General Hospital by a team from Empower Ghana on Mother’s day,2011.
- 13. A tour through some of the maternity wards.
- 14. The UN Millennium goals include two aims to be reached in relation to maternal healthcare by 2015: Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five
- 15. There is a need by all to join forces to achieve the Millennium Development Goal regarding maternal mortality rate for Ghana. Everybody has a role to play. Periodic upgrading of the skills of health professionals is vital. Appropriate legislations and policies must form the environment for safe pregnancy and delivery.
Editor's Notes
- Ghana’s maternal mortality rate continues at an unacceptably high level. While maternal mortality figures vary widely by source and are highly controversial, the best estimates for Ghana and other parts of Africa suggest that roughly between 1,400 and 3,900 women and girls die each year due to pregnancy related complications
- Over one hundred potential complications have been associated with induced abortion. “Minor” complications include: minor infections, bleeding, fevers, chronic abdominal pain, gastro-intestinal disturbances, vomiting, and Rh sensitization. The nine most common “major” complications which are infection, excessive bleeding, embolism, ripping or perforation of the uterus, anesthesia complications, convulsions, hemorrhage, cervical injury, and endotoxic shock
- The cost implication and the difficulty in estimating the Maternal Mortality Ratio has lead to confusion over the correct rate for the country. There is a need for increasing the coverage of civil registration and good cause of death attribution. The alternative method of using the direct or indirect sisterhood household survey methods provide imprecise estimates on a reference point some years in the past. It is strongly suggested that all efforts must be put together to obtain a good estimate for the use of policy makers and service providers.