The document summarizes the male reproductive system. It identifies the main organs - the external genital organs of penis and scrotum, and internal genital organs of testes, epididymis, vas deferens, and accessory glands. It describes the functions of each organ and traces the pathway of sperm cells from production in the testes through storage in the epididymis and transport via the vas deferens during ejaculation through the urethra. The document also explains spermatogenesis, the process of sperm cell formation, and ejaculation, which involves muscular contractions that expel semen from the penis.
Reproductive system
Anatomy of male and female reproductive system, Functions of male and female
reproductive system, sex hormones, physiology of menstruation, fertilization,
spermatogenesis, oogenesis, pregnancy and parturition
Reproductive system
Anatomy of male and female reproductive system, Functions of male and female
reproductive system, sex hormones, physiology of menstruation, fertilization,
spermatogenesis, oogenesis, pregnancy and parturition
1. Spermatogenesis (Spermatocytogenesis, Spermiogenesis, Spermiation, Shape and function of cells inside the Testis, Semen and sperm structure, Sperm journey after synthesis to outside)
Human reproduction is any form of sexual reproduction resulting in human fertilization. It typically involves sexual intercourse between a man and a woman. During sexual intercourse, the interaction between the male and female reproductive systems results in fertilization of the woman's ovum by the man's sperm.
The reproductive system is a collection of internal and external organs — in both males and females — that work together for the purpose of procreating. Due to its vital role in the survival of the species,reproductive system is among the most important systems in the entire body
This can be very useful in Anatomy and physiology coursework as well as for students who are preparing for their examinations at the college introductory level.
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1. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
• Organs
• Functions
• Pathway of Sperm Cells
Joey Richard V. Dio
B S Accountancy 2
2. OBJECTIVES
1. Identify the structures and major organs
of the male reproductive system and
describe their functions.
2. Trace the pathway of the sperm cells in
the organ system.
4. Male Reproductive System
• Consists of a number sex organs that are a
part of the human reproductive process.
• Produces, stores and releases the male
gametes, or sperm.
*gametes- a sex cell
5. MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
External Genital
Organs
1. Penis
2. Scrotum
Internal Genital
Organs
1. Testis
2. Epididymis
3. Vas Deferens
4. Accessory Glands
a. Seminal Vesicles
b. Prostate Gland
c. Bulbourethral Glands
8. Penis
The penis is the organ by
which the sperm is
introduced into the
female.
It contains spongy tissue
that becomes turgid and
erect when filled with
blood.
9. • Erectile Tissues
– Corpus spongiosum – is
the mass of spongy tissue
which surrounds urethra
and involves in erection by
allowing rushing of blood
into it
– Corpus cavernosa – is
one of a pair of songe-like
regions of erectile tissue
which contains most of the
blood in the penis during
penile erection
Cont...
10. • Urethra – a tube within the
penis that conveys semen
out of the body during
ejaculation.
• Glans – the rounded, highly
sensitive head of the penis.
• Prepuce – a fold of skin,
covering the head of the
penis.
Cont...
11. Scrotum
A pouch of skin formed
from the lower part of the
abdominal wall.
The scrotum keeps the
testes at a temperature
slightly cooler than body
temperature.
13. Testis (plural testes)
The testes are the two-
oval shaped male organs
that produce sperm and
hormone testosterone.
*Testosterone- the primary
male sex hormone
14. Cont…
Each testis is made of
tightly coiled structures
called seminiferous
tubules.
Among tubules are cells
that produce
testosterone.
15. Epididymis
The epididymis is a tightly
coiled tubes against the
testicles.
It acts as maturation and
storage place for sperm. Adult human testicle with
epididymis:
A. Head of epididymis,
B. Body of epididymis,
C. Tail of epididymis, and
D. Vas deferens
16. Vas Deferens (Ductus Deferens)
The vas deferens is a thin
tube that starts from the
epididymis to the urethra
in the penis.
They transport sperm
from the epididymis in
anticipation of ejaculation.
17. a. Seminal Vesicles
b. Prostate Gland
c. Bulbourethral Glands
These glands produce
nourishing fluids for the
sperms that enter the
urethra.
Accessory glands
18. Seminal Vesicles
The Seminal Vesicles are
sac-like structures attached
to the vas deferens at one
side of the bladder.
They produce a sticky
yellowish fluid that
contains fructose.
19. Prostate Gland
The Prostate Gland
surrounds the ejaculatory
ducts at the base of the
urethra, just below the
bladder.
The Prostate Gland is
responsible for making the
production of semen, a liquid
mixture of sperm cells,
prostate fluid and seminal
fluid.
20. Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper’s gland)
The Bulbourethral Glands
are two small glands
located on the sides of the
urethra just below the
prostate gland.
These glands produce a
clear, slippery fluid that
empties directly into the
urethra.
21. REVIEW:
• The main function of the Male Reproductive
System is to produce sperm cells and deliver
them to the female reproductive system.
• It consists of external and internal genital
organs which are essential for the continuous
reproduction of life.
22. SPERM
• Function:
– To move and carry genetic
information to the egg.
• Structure:
– Head: The large head
region of the sperm that
contains DNA.
– Midpiece: The narrow
middle part of the cell that
contains mitochondria.
– Tail: The wavelike motion
of the flagellum propels
the sperm forward.
26. Process:
• Diploid cells that begin the process are located
near the outer wall of the tubules.
These cells multiply constantly by mitosis, and
each day about 3 million of them differentiate
into primary spermatocytes, the cells that
undergo meiosis.
27. • Meiosis I of a primary spermatocyte produces
secondary spermatocytes, each with the
haploid number of chromosomes (n=23).
The cells are still in their duplicated state, each
consisting of two identical chromatids.
Process:
28. • Meiosis II then forms four cells, each with the
haploid number of single-chromatid
chromosomes.
Process:
29. • A sperm cell develops by differentiation of
each of these haploid cells and gradually
pushed toward the center of the seminiferous
tubule.
From there, it passes into the epididymis, where
it matures, becomes motile, and is stored until
ejaculation.
Process:
31. EJACULATION
Ejaculation is the discharge of semen from the
penis.
During orgasm, the semen is forcefully expelled
from the body by strong muscular contractions of
sperm ducts.
33. Process:
• At the peak of sexual arousal, muscles in the
epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland,
and vas deferens contract.
At the same time, a sphincter muscle at the base
of the bladder contracts, preventing urine from
leaking into the urethra from the bladder.
Another sphincter also contracts, closing off the
entrance of the urethra into the penis.
34. • In the second stage of ejaculation, the
expulsion stage, the sphincter at the base of
the penis relaxes, admitting semen into the
penis.
Simultaneously, a series of strong muscle
contractions around the base of the penis and
along the urethra expels the semen from the
body.
Process:
36. REVIEW:
The pathway of the sperm in the male
reproductive system are the following:
(arrange in chronological order)
Testes Epididymis
Vas
Deferens
Ejaculatory
Duct
Urethra
38. EVALUATION TEST
1. The mitochondrion is located in which part
of the sperm cell?
a) Head
b) Midpiece
c) Tail
d) Acrosome
Answer: B
39. 2. In which organ of the human male does
the mature sperm stored for a time?
a) Testis
b) Epididymis
c) Vas Deferens
d) Accessory Glands
Answer: B
EVALUATION TEST
40. 3. Arrange the following organs in the correct
sequence for the travel of sperm:
epididymis, testis, urethra, vas deferens.
a) Testis – urethra – epididymis – vas deferens
b) Epididymis – testis – urethra – vas deferens
c) Testis – epididymis – vas deferens – urethra
d) Epididymis – vas deferens – testis – urethra
Answer: C
EVALUATION TEST
