Madagascar has experienced a fragile political environment since gaining independence from France in 1960, marked by successive government takeovers and sporadic violence. In March 2009, Andry Rajoelina declared himself President with military support, ousting the previous President Marc Ravalomanana. SADC negotiations led to an agreement in September 2011 for new elections in March 2012 and an interim power-sharing government, but Rajoelina's appointment of a prime minister without opposition consent has threatened the agreement. The political system lacks checks on presidential power and faces challenges in upholding democracy and the rule of law.
This document discusses different types of corruption including political, administrative, and professional corruption. Political corruption involves using money and favors to win elections. Administrative corruption occurs when government officials accept bribes, and professional corruption includes practices like producing fake medicines. The document also outlines several Indian laws related to corruption and money laundering. It concludes by suggesting steps to reduce corruption such as politicians focusing on their duties, sealing black money, youth-led activism against corruption, and punishing corrupt individuals.
17 USC § 107 Limitations on Exclusive Rights – FAIR USE
SLAVERY IN AMERICA - EXPOSING THE UNITED STATES' DESPOTISM Government's PRISON System. . .
This is the 06/19/18 EMAIL sent providing a SYNOPSIS on the 06/18/18 Court Matter – In The Municipal Court Of Washington County, Mississippi – Case No. GP10037737 – Involving Cary Cornelius Johnson who WHITE SUPREMACISTS and/or KKKlan Members are engaging in CRIMINAL Acts, WAR Crimes, etc. in efforts of getting Johnson off of the streets to keep him from EXPOSING the 13TH Amendment PRISON Scams and more being carried out by the UNITED STATES’ DESPOTISM Government Empire – In The STATE OF MISSISSIPPI – In WASHINGTON County, Mississippi – In The CITY OF GREENVILLE, Mississippi.
The 13th Amendment PRISON Scams being OPERATED and RUN in the United States of America are a matter of INTERNATIONAL Interests, because they are a THREAT to Domestic and Foreign Governments (as the Utica International Embassy) and are a THREAT to HOMELAND Security as well as the Rights, Privileges and Immunities of SOVEREIGN Citizens (as Cary Cornelius Johnson).
Such abuses by the United States’ DESPOT’s Nazis and/or WHITE Jews/Zionists/Supremacists are COMMON Terrorist/Racist Attacks that are CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, CRIMES AGAINST PEACE, WAR OF AGGRESSION and WAR CRIMES, etc. for which the Utica International Embassy is in a Legal and/or Lawful position to address before the applicable International Tribunals and to seek PROSECUTION as in the NUREMBERG Trials against the United States’ DESPOTISM Government Officials (Executive/Legislative/Judicial) as well as its STATE Government Officials (as in the State of Mississippi), etc.
With Warmest Regards,
UTICA INTERNATIONAL EMBASSY
c/o Interim Prime Minister Vogel Denise Newsome
Post Office Box 31265
Jackson, Mississippi 39286
(888) 700-5056 / (601) 885-3358 / (513) 680-2922
Website: https://uticainternationalembassy.website
Whistleblowing involves exposing wrongdoing to prevent harm. Several Indian whistleblowers exposed corruption but faced threats, arrests, and even death as a result. The Whistleblowers Protection Bill aims to protect those who expose corruption and misuse of power in government. However, whistleblowers still face many hardships, as exposing wrongdoing often damages their careers and personal lives.
Corruption, corporate transparency and open dataChris Taggart
Presentation given by Chris Taggart of OpenCorporates at the Open Knowledge Festival, September 2012, on the importance of open data and corporate transparency in the fight against corruption, fraud, money laundering and organised crime
While everyone supported Anna Hazare's anti-corruption movement, they forgot who caused the situation - corrupt politicians. Ironically, Anna was jailed in the same facility that housed two of the biggest scam accused, Raja and Kalmadi. The document then lists 10 of India's most corrupt politicians, including Suresh Kalmadi and A. Raja who were responsible for Commonwealth Games and 2G spectrum scams respectively, costing the nation hundreds of crores; Mayawati, Lalu Prasad Yadav, Mulayam Singh Yadav and others who have been accused of amassing disproportionate wealth and engaging in nepotism.
The document discusses corruption, defining it as wrongdoing by those in power through illegitimate or unethical means, often involving bribery. It outlines different types of corruption like petty corruption and state capture. Characteristics of corruption include a gap between group and individual interests as well as consent between multiple parties. Globalization is said to both increase corruption risks but also opportunities to address it. The media, governments, and citizens all have roles to play in tackling corruption through transparency, accountability, and civic engagement. Removing corruption requires a combination of anti-corruption laws and agencies as well as a free press and independent judiciary.
This document discusses different types of corruption including political, administrative, and professional corruption. Political corruption involves using money and favors to win elections. Administrative corruption occurs when government officials accept bribes, and professional corruption includes practices like producing fake medicines. The document also outlines several Indian laws related to corruption and money laundering. It concludes by suggesting steps to reduce corruption such as politicians focusing on their duties, sealing black money, youth-led activism against corruption, and punishing corrupt individuals.
17 USC § 107 Limitations on Exclusive Rights – FAIR USE
SLAVERY IN AMERICA - EXPOSING THE UNITED STATES' DESPOTISM Government's PRISON System. . .
This is the 06/19/18 EMAIL sent providing a SYNOPSIS on the 06/18/18 Court Matter – In The Municipal Court Of Washington County, Mississippi – Case No. GP10037737 – Involving Cary Cornelius Johnson who WHITE SUPREMACISTS and/or KKKlan Members are engaging in CRIMINAL Acts, WAR Crimes, etc. in efforts of getting Johnson off of the streets to keep him from EXPOSING the 13TH Amendment PRISON Scams and more being carried out by the UNITED STATES’ DESPOTISM Government Empire – In The STATE OF MISSISSIPPI – In WASHINGTON County, Mississippi – In The CITY OF GREENVILLE, Mississippi.
The 13th Amendment PRISON Scams being OPERATED and RUN in the United States of America are a matter of INTERNATIONAL Interests, because they are a THREAT to Domestic and Foreign Governments (as the Utica International Embassy) and are a THREAT to HOMELAND Security as well as the Rights, Privileges and Immunities of SOVEREIGN Citizens (as Cary Cornelius Johnson).
Such abuses by the United States’ DESPOT’s Nazis and/or WHITE Jews/Zionists/Supremacists are COMMON Terrorist/Racist Attacks that are CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, CRIMES AGAINST PEACE, WAR OF AGGRESSION and WAR CRIMES, etc. for which the Utica International Embassy is in a Legal and/or Lawful position to address before the applicable International Tribunals and to seek PROSECUTION as in the NUREMBERG Trials against the United States’ DESPOTISM Government Officials (Executive/Legislative/Judicial) as well as its STATE Government Officials (as in the State of Mississippi), etc.
With Warmest Regards,
UTICA INTERNATIONAL EMBASSY
c/o Interim Prime Minister Vogel Denise Newsome
Post Office Box 31265
Jackson, Mississippi 39286
(888) 700-5056 / (601) 885-3358 / (513) 680-2922
Website: https://uticainternationalembassy.website
Whistleblowing involves exposing wrongdoing to prevent harm. Several Indian whistleblowers exposed corruption but faced threats, arrests, and even death as a result. The Whistleblowers Protection Bill aims to protect those who expose corruption and misuse of power in government. However, whistleblowers still face many hardships, as exposing wrongdoing often damages their careers and personal lives.
Corruption, corporate transparency and open dataChris Taggart
Presentation given by Chris Taggart of OpenCorporates at the Open Knowledge Festival, September 2012, on the importance of open data and corporate transparency in the fight against corruption, fraud, money laundering and organised crime
While everyone supported Anna Hazare's anti-corruption movement, they forgot who caused the situation - corrupt politicians. Ironically, Anna was jailed in the same facility that housed two of the biggest scam accused, Raja and Kalmadi. The document then lists 10 of India's most corrupt politicians, including Suresh Kalmadi and A. Raja who were responsible for Commonwealth Games and 2G spectrum scams respectively, costing the nation hundreds of crores; Mayawati, Lalu Prasad Yadav, Mulayam Singh Yadav and others who have been accused of amassing disproportionate wealth and engaging in nepotism.
The document discusses corruption, defining it as wrongdoing by those in power through illegitimate or unethical means, often involving bribery. It outlines different types of corruption like petty corruption and state capture. Characteristics of corruption include a gap between group and individual interests as well as consent between multiple parties. Globalization is said to both increase corruption risks but also opportunities to address it. The media, governments, and citizens all have roles to play in tackling corruption through transparency, accountability, and civic engagement. Removing corruption requires a combination of anti-corruption laws and agencies as well as a free press and independent judiciary.
The document discusses prevailing corruption in India and potential remedies. It begins by presenting some alarming statistics about the percentage of Indian citizens who paid bribes according to Transparency International surveys. It then outlines the goal, objectives, and definitions of corruption presented by the speaker. Several types of corruption are defined, including systematic, individual, grand, and petty corruption. Major corruption scams in India like the 2G spectrum scam and Commonwealth Games scam are discussed. Causes of corruption include factors like ineffective legal systems and lack of values in society. Impacts include loss of national wealth and hindrance of development. Potential remedies proposed include strong anti-corruption laws, social audits, and electoral reforms.
The Democratic ticket of President Obama and Vice President Biden won the 2012 U.S. Presidential election over Mitt Romney and Paul Ryan, retaining the White House and Senate for Democrats while Republicans maintained control of the House. President Obama has invited Congressional leaders to the White House to begin negotiations to avoid the fiscal cliff of automatic spending cuts and expiring tax cuts. Lawmakers are also considering an initial disaster relief package of $5 billion for areas affected by Hurricane Sandy. On foreign policy, additional sanctions have been placed on Iran and the U.S. is increasing relief efforts in Syria as the humanitarian crisis worsens despite expanding operations. President Obama will travel to Southeast Asia next week to encourage democratic reforms in Burma.
This document discusses corruption in Pakistan. It outlines that corruption is widespread, particularly in the government and lower levels of the police forces. Pakistan consistently ranks poorly on transparency international's corruption index, scoring 2.5 out of 10 in recent years. Corruption exists in many sectors such as courts, education, healthcare, law enforcement, public utilities, and sports. It discusses some high-profile corruption scandals that have been exposed in Pakistan and efforts being made to address corruption issues.
This document discusses corruption in India. It defines corruption as wrongdoing by those in power through illegitimate or unethical means, often involving bribery. The document outlines several Indian laws related to corruption and describes the types of corruption as political, administrative, and professional. Political corruption involves using money and favors to win elections. Administrative corruption occurs in government offices through bribery of officials. Professional corruption involves fraudulent business practices. The document suggests ways to reduce corruption through education, accountability, computerization, and religious support of anti-corruption efforts.
This document discusses corruption in government and business relations in South Korea. It provides background on the author and defines corruption. It then examines the causes of corruption in Korea, including organizational, social, cultural, and psychological factors. The document analyzes corruption issues during different presidential periods from 1948 to 2014. It concludes that corruption has persisted and eroded institutions in Korea due to the powerful role of large business conglomerates. The current actions taken by the Korean government to combat corruption are also outlined, such as the establishment of the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission and new anti-corruption laws.
1) Corruption is rampant throughout the government and business sectors in Myanmar, hindering investment and economic growth. Petty bribery is common for basic services.
2) Under decades of military rule, corruption enriched the elite while impoverishing citizens. Though a semi-civilian government has implemented reforms since 2011, corruption remains pervasive.
3) Key corrupt sectors include land allocation, the jade industry, oil and gas, logging, and weak rule of law. Police, the judiciary, and customs are also corrupt. Reducing corruption is an ongoing challenge.
Negotiations over the fiscal cliff continued this week with no agreement. The White House offered a proposal including $1.6 trillion in tax increases and $400 billion in entitlement cuts, but Republicans rejected it. Meanwhile, the House passed a bill to increase visas for skilled immigrants, but the White House did not support the narrow scope. At the UN, Palestine was recognized as a non-member observer state over U.S. objections. In Egypt, an Islamist-dominated assembly approved a constitution without opposition input.
Do you know your Liberal Government| Justin Trudeau| May 2019paul young cpa, cga
This document outlines various ethical issues and violations committed by Liberal Party of Canada politicians since they formed government in 2015. It alleges that Prime Minister Trudeau and Finance Minister Morneau were found guilty of violating conflict of interest rules, and that other cabinet ministers like Leblanc and MPs like Jowhari made questionable decisions. The document argues the Liberals have not lived up to their promises of open and accountable government.
This document discusses corruption in India, defining it as the misuse of power or lack of integrity for dishonest gain. It outlines several major corruption scandals in India involving politicians and bureaucrats, such as the 2G spectrum scam and Commonwealth Games scam, estimating billions of rupees lost. The types and impacts of corruption on the economy are described. Steps taken by the Indian government to reduce corruption are also summarized, including the Right to Information Act and actions of anti-corruption organizations.
Why prostitution should not be legalizedMikeTaylor341
The topic on the authenticity of prostitution as a subject of legislative action has ignited heated debate since the 1980s. Various countries around the globe such as the Germans and the Dutch have legalized prostitution and decriminalized its channels including brothels and pimps, effectively making commercial sex working a viable legal employment option.
This document outlines the key aspects of corruption including what it is, types of corruption, causes and consequences. It discusses petty corruption such as bribery at a small scale versus grand corruption at a high political or administrative level. Causes mentioned include lack of leadership, oversight and autonomy. Consequences include loss of wealth and rise in crimes. Cures proposed are promoting public interest, transparency, investigative agencies and leaders with integrity. The Right to Information Act is also summarized as enabling citizens to access government documents and information.
Corruption is widespread in the Philippines and takes many forms, from petty bribery to grand corruption among political leaders. All levels of government are affected, and political parties and elections are especially prone to corruption due to their high costs and patronage-based nature. In response, the country has implemented anti-corruption laws and institutions, and civil society actively works to address corruption. However, entrenched cronyism continues to undermine reform efforts. International donors also support capacity building for anti-corruption in the Philippines.
This document summarizes corruption in India, including its definition, causes, forms, types, laws, consequences, and examples of major corruption scams. Corruption is defined as the misuse of public power for private gain. The main causes outlined are lack of management, economic instability, weak leadership, and diminishing social values. Major forms include bribery, embezzlement, fraud, and extortion. Types consist of political, administrative, and professional corruption. Several laws aimed at corruption are also mentioned. The consequences discussed are loss of wealth, hindered development, and increased poverty, crime, and social issues. Examples of significant corruption scams in India involving billions of rupees are also provided.
Corruption exists in many forms across both the public and private sectors in India. It is widespread in government offices, politics, healthcare, education, and public works projects. Common types of corruption include bribery, nepotism, skimming of public funds, and abuse of power for private gain. This corruption has significant negative effects, including poor services, unequal treatment, reduced investment and growth, and lack of trust in government. Several efforts have been made to reduce corruption in India, but it remains a persistent and complex issue.
Rapid urbanization is putting pressure on water resources in many cities around the world. As populations grow and demand increases, many cities are exceeding their local water supplies. UNESCO promotes integrated urban water management and sustainable solutions to help address issues like water scarcity, pollution, and adapting to climate change impacts. The short film "Water in Cities" aims to illustrate challenges and encourage innovative approaches UNESCO is pursuing with countries to develop strategies for sustainable urban water management.
A Summary of the first 5 years of the IGF visualized through text clouds.Zoely Mamizaka
This document provides text clouds that illustrate the frequency of words found in transcripts from the five annual Internet Governance Forum meetings held between 2006 and 2010. The text clouds show the most common words from each individual meeting as well as an overall text cloud combining all words from all five meetings, with larger text sizes indicating higher frequency.
TEDWomen will explore how women are reshaping the future as powerful change agents and idea champions globally. Speakers from diverse backgrounds will share ideas on women's impact in developing nations through microloans and in Western industries through generations of educated women. The event will examine who women leaders are, the ideas they champion, and how women are transforming the future. TEDWomen aims to create a global dialogue on women's thinking, work, communication, learning and leadership.
Foro primer bloque teoria de la seguridadMao Sierra
Las organizaciones han identificado nuevos riesgos relacionados con la seguridad de la información como ataques a hardware y firmware, ransomware, dispositivos wearables sin protección, automóviles conectados, almacenes de datos robados, ataques a través de empleados y servicios en la nube. Han dado una alta importancia a la seguridad de la información para mitigar estos riesgos y proteger sus sistemas e información confidencial. La seguridad de la información es fundamental para ayudar a las organizaciones a cumplir sus objetivos estrat
Guía metodológica para la planificación estratégica enMao Sierra
Este documento presenta una guía metodológica para la planificación estratégica en PYMES del sector servicios en Colombia basada en el Balanced Scorecard. Explica las características de las PYMES colombianas y el sector servicios, así como conceptos clave como misión, visión, matriz DOFA y Balanced Scorecard. Luego, detalla los pasos de la guía metodológica, incluyendo la definición de objetivos, indicadores y el mapa estratégico para ayudar a las PYMES a implementar una planificación estratég
El documento describe los nuevos riesgos y retos en seguridad de la información detectados por las organizaciones, incluyendo ataques a hardware, ransomware, wearables, automóviles, almacenes de datos robados, y ataques a través de empleados. Las compañías ven la seguridad de la información como una alta prioridad para proteger datos, software y hardware. La seguridad ayuda a cumplir objetivos estratégicos a través de funciones centralizadas o distribuidas de seguridad. El documento se refiere a una empresa de tama
The document discusses prevailing corruption in India and potential remedies. It begins by presenting some alarming statistics about the percentage of Indian citizens who paid bribes according to Transparency International surveys. It then outlines the goal, objectives, and definitions of corruption presented by the speaker. Several types of corruption are defined, including systematic, individual, grand, and petty corruption. Major corruption scams in India like the 2G spectrum scam and Commonwealth Games scam are discussed. Causes of corruption include factors like ineffective legal systems and lack of values in society. Impacts include loss of national wealth and hindrance of development. Potential remedies proposed include strong anti-corruption laws, social audits, and electoral reforms.
The Democratic ticket of President Obama and Vice President Biden won the 2012 U.S. Presidential election over Mitt Romney and Paul Ryan, retaining the White House and Senate for Democrats while Republicans maintained control of the House. President Obama has invited Congressional leaders to the White House to begin negotiations to avoid the fiscal cliff of automatic spending cuts and expiring tax cuts. Lawmakers are also considering an initial disaster relief package of $5 billion for areas affected by Hurricane Sandy. On foreign policy, additional sanctions have been placed on Iran and the U.S. is increasing relief efforts in Syria as the humanitarian crisis worsens despite expanding operations. President Obama will travel to Southeast Asia next week to encourage democratic reforms in Burma.
This document discusses corruption in Pakistan. It outlines that corruption is widespread, particularly in the government and lower levels of the police forces. Pakistan consistently ranks poorly on transparency international's corruption index, scoring 2.5 out of 10 in recent years. Corruption exists in many sectors such as courts, education, healthcare, law enforcement, public utilities, and sports. It discusses some high-profile corruption scandals that have been exposed in Pakistan and efforts being made to address corruption issues.
This document discusses corruption in India. It defines corruption as wrongdoing by those in power through illegitimate or unethical means, often involving bribery. The document outlines several Indian laws related to corruption and describes the types of corruption as political, administrative, and professional. Political corruption involves using money and favors to win elections. Administrative corruption occurs in government offices through bribery of officials. Professional corruption involves fraudulent business practices. The document suggests ways to reduce corruption through education, accountability, computerization, and religious support of anti-corruption efforts.
This document discusses corruption in government and business relations in South Korea. It provides background on the author and defines corruption. It then examines the causes of corruption in Korea, including organizational, social, cultural, and psychological factors. The document analyzes corruption issues during different presidential periods from 1948 to 2014. It concludes that corruption has persisted and eroded institutions in Korea due to the powerful role of large business conglomerates. The current actions taken by the Korean government to combat corruption are also outlined, such as the establishment of the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission and new anti-corruption laws.
1) Corruption is rampant throughout the government and business sectors in Myanmar, hindering investment and economic growth. Petty bribery is common for basic services.
2) Under decades of military rule, corruption enriched the elite while impoverishing citizens. Though a semi-civilian government has implemented reforms since 2011, corruption remains pervasive.
3) Key corrupt sectors include land allocation, the jade industry, oil and gas, logging, and weak rule of law. Police, the judiciary, and customs are also corrupt. Reducing corruption is an ongoing challenge.
Negotiations over the fiscal cliff continued this week with no agreement. The White House offered a proposal including $1.6 trillion in tax increases and $400 billion in entitlement cuts, but Republicans rejected it. Meanwhile, the House passed a bill to increase visas for skilled immigrants, but the White House did not support the narrow scope. At the UN, Palestine was recognized as a non-member observer state over U.S. objections. In Egypt, an Islamist-dominated assembly approved a constitution without opposition input.
Do you know your Liberal Government| Justin Trudeau| May 2019paul young cpa, cga
This document outlines various ethical issues and violations committed by Liberal Party of Canada politicians since they formed government in 2015. It alleges that Prime Minister Trudeau and Finance Minister Morneau were found guilty of violating conflict of interest rules, and that other cabinet ministers like Leblanc and MPs like Jowhari made questionable decisions. The document argues the Liberals have not lived up to their promises of open and accountable government.
This document discusses corruption in India, defining it as the misuse of power or lack of integrity for dishonest gain. It outlines several major corruption scandals in India involving politicians and bureaucrats, such as the 2G spectrum scam and Commonwealth Games scam, estimating billions of rupees lost. The types and impacts of corruption on the economy are described. Steps taken by the Indian government to reduce corruption are also summarized, including the Right to Information Act and actions of anti-corruption organizations.
Why prostitution should not be legalizedMikeTaylor341
The topic on the authenticity of prostitution as a subject of legislative action has ignited heated debate since the 1980s. Various countries around the globe such as the Germans and the Dutch have legalized prostitution and decriminalized its channels including brothels and pimps, effectively making commercial sex working a viable legal employment option.
This document outlines the key aspects of corruption including what it is, types of corruption, causes and consequences. It discusses petty corruption such as bribery at a small scale versus grand corruption at a high political or administrative level. Causes mentioned include lack of leadership, oversight and autonomy. Consequences include loss of wealth and rise in crimes. Cures proposed are promoting public interest, transparency, investigative agencies and leaders with integrity. The Right to Information Act is also summarized as enabling citizens to access government documents and information.
Corruption is widespread in the Philippines and takes many forms, from petty bribery to grand corruption among political leaders. All levels of government are affected, and political parties and elections are especially prone to corruption due to their high costs and patronage-based nature. In response, the country has implemented anti-corruption laws and institutions, and civil society actively works to address corruption. However, entrenched cronyism continues to undermine reform efforts. International donors also support capacity building for anti-corruption in the Philippines.
This document summarizes corruption in India, including its definition, causes, forms, types, laws, consequences, and examples of major corruption scams. Corruption is defined as the misuse of public power for private gain. The main causes outlined are lack of management, economic instability, weak leadership, and diminishing social values. Major forms include bribery, embezzlement, fraud, and extortion. Types consist of political, administrative, and professional corruption. Several laws aimed at corruption are also mentioned. The consequences discussed are loss of wealth, hindered development, and increased poverty, crime, and social issues. Examples of significant corruption scams in India involving billions of rupees are also provided.
Corruption exists in many forms across both the public and private sectors in India. It is widespread in government offices, politics, healthcare, education, and public works projects. Common types of corruption include bribery, nepotism, skimming of public funds, and abuse of power for private gain. This corruption has significant negative effects, including poor services, unequal treatment, reduced investment and growth, and lack of trust in government. Several efforts have been made to reduce corruption in India, but it remains a persistent and complex issue.
Rapid urbanization is putting pressure on water resources in many cities around the world. As populations grow and demand increases, many cities are exceeding their local water supplies. UNESCO promotes integrated urban water management and sustainable solutions to help address issues like water scarcity, pollution, and adapting to climate change impacts. The short film "Water in Cities" aims to illustrate challenges and encourage innovative approaches UNESCO is pursuing with countries to develop strategies for sustainable urban water management.
A Summary of the first 5 years of the IGF visualized through text clouds.Zoely Mamizaka
This document provides text clouds that illustrate the frequency of words found in transcripts from the five annual Internet Governance Forum meetings held between 2006 and 2010. The text clouds show the most common words from each individual meeting as well as an overall text cloud combining all words from all five meetings, with larger text sizes indicating higher frequency.
TEDWomen will explore how women are reshaping the future as powerful change agents and idea champions globally. Speakers from diverse backgrounds will share ideas on women's impact in developing nations through microloans and in Western industries through generations of educated women. The event will examine who women leaders are, the ideas they champion, and how women are transforming the future. TEDWomen aims to create a global dialogue on women's thinking, work, communication, learning and leadership.
Foro primer bloque teoria de la seguridadMao Sierra
Las organizaciones han identificado nuevos riesgos relacionados con la seguridad de la información como ataques a hardware y firmware, ransomware, dispositivos wearables sin protección, automóviles conectados, almacenes de datos robados, ataques a través de empleados y servicios en la nube. Han dado una alta importancia a la seguridad de la información para mitigar estos riesgos y proteger sus sistemas e información confidencial. La seguridad de la información es fundamental para ayudar a las organizaciones a cumplir sus objetivos estrat
Guía metodológica para la planificación estratégica enMao Sierra
Este documento presenta una guía metodológica para la planificación estratégica en PYMES del sector servicios en Colombia basada en el Balanced Scorecard. Explica las características de las PYMES colombianas y el sector servicios, así como conceptos clave como misión, visión, matriz DOFA y Balanced Scorecard. Luego, detalla los pasos de la guía metodológica, incluyendo la definición de objetivos, indicadores y el mapa estratégico para ayudar a las PYMES a implementar una planificación estratég
El documento describe los nuevos riesgos y retos en seguridad de la información detectados por las organizaciones, incluyendo ataques a hardware, ransomware, wearables, automóviles, almacenes de datos robados, y ataques a través de empleados. Las compañías ven la seguridad de la información como una alta prioridad para proteger datos, software y hardware. La seguridad ayuda a cumplir objetivos estratégicos a través de funciones centralizadas o distribuidas de seguridad. El documento se refiere a una empresa de tama
Keeping track - UNEP : From Rio to Rio+20 (1992-2012) Zoely Mamizaka
- Evidence of human-caused climate change has strengthened, with global temperatures, sea levels, and carbon dioxide levels rising sharply.
- Awareness of biodiversity loss has grown, with over 28,000 species now threatened with extinction.
- Issues around chemicals, waste, and pollution have become more pressing as industrialization and consumption have increased globally.
- The scale of global challenges like energy, water, and food security has expanded rapidly with continuing population and economic growth.
- New technologies like the internet, smartphones, and renewable energy have transformed societies and economies around the world.
- International environmental law
Attention, ce message peut être perturbant à regarder
Pour une fois, bravo les publicitaires
Superbe collecte d’annonces pour des grandes causes à transmettre largement, tout le monde peut en prendre sa part!
This document summarizes the World Alzheimer Report 2011, which examines the benefits of early diagnosis and intervention for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Key findings include that most people living with dementia have not received a formal diagnosis, resulting in a "treatment gap" where many do not receive available care, treatment or support. The report recommends promoting earlier diagnosis through improved healthcare services and interventions shown to be effective in earlier stages of dementia, such as certain drugs and caregiver support. This could help lift the stigma of dementia and improve quality of life for those with the disease and their caregivers.
The Ultimate Travel Guide to Hawaii Island Hopping in 2024adventuressabifn
island hopping in Hawaii. This magical place offers a number of experiences, as each island has its own charm. Do you love adventure? Then, hike through volcanoes or kayak along an amazing coastline. If you want relaxation, then Hawaii is perfect because it has the most amazing beaches. In this blog, I will help you make an itinerary for your Hawaii Island Hopping. Every island offers something special. The Big Island offers some of the most perfect volcanoes as well as stargazing. Maui will pamper you with beaches and luxury. Kauai has some of the most lush rainforests with dramatic cliffs, and Oahu can offer a taste of city life and historical significance.
Beyond the mountains, a tour in Nepal reveals a vibrant tapestry of cultural heritage. The Kathmandu Valley, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, boasts an array of ancient temples, stupas, and palaces. Durbar Squares in Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan are treasure troves of medieval art and architecture.
Explore Architectural Wonders and Vibrant Culture With Naples ToursNaples Tours
Discover the historical gems and vivid culture of Naples with our guided tours. From the vivid narrow streets of Spaccanapoli to the ancient ruins of Pompeii, the city offers a mixed bag of adventurous experiences. Book your tickets today https://www.naples.tours/ and experience the best of Naples!
Discovering Egypt A Step-by-Step Guide to Planning Your Trip.pptImperial Egypt
Travelling to Egypt is like stepping into a time capsule where the past and present coexist, offering a unique blend of history, culture, and stunning landscapes.
See more: https://imperialegypt.com/tour-packages/
What Challenges Await Beginners in SnowshoeingSnowshoe Tahoe
Discover the exhilarating world of snowshoeing through our presentation, highlighting the challenges faced by beginners. From physical exertion to technical finesse and braving harsh winter conditions, each step in the snow brings new obstacles and unforgettable adventures. Embrace the challenge and conquer the winter wonderland with confidence!
Ibiza, situated in the Balearic Islands, stands out as a destination that encompasses everything: stunning landscapes, hidden gems to explore, a vibrant social scene, rich cultural life, and exceptional gastronomy. Opting for ‘Ibiza Rent A Boat’ to experience an unforgettable vacation on the White Island is certainly worthwhile, prompting a deeper exploration of the unique and fascinating aspects of Ibiza.
How To Change Your Name On American Airlines Aadvantage.pptxedqour001namechange
American Airlines permits passengers to change/correct names on their AAdvantage account. Also, you can request a name change both online via a web portal and offline over the phone. For further information on how to change your name on American Airlines Advantage, get in touch with the airline’s customer service. Also, you can reach out to a consolidation desk at +1-866-738-0741 for quick assistance.
What Outdoor Adventures Await Young Adults in Montreal's Surrounding NatureSpade & Palacio Tours
Experience Montreal's vibrant culture and thrilling outdoor adventures. From hiking scenic trails at Mont-Saint-Bruno to kayaking the Saint Lawrence River, there's something for every adventurous young adult. Explore street art, camp under the stars, and immerse yourself in nature's beauty just beyond the city's bustling streets.
Un viaje a Buenos Aires y sus alrededoresJudy Hochberg
A travelogue of my recent trip to Argentina, most to Buenos Aires, but including excursion to Iguazú waterfalls, Tigre, and Colonia del Sacramento in Uruguay
Nature of the task 1. write a paragraph about your trip to dubai and what ar...solutionaia
1. write a paragraph about your trip to dubai and what are the facts responsible for the heavy rainfall in dubai that caused havec ?
2. mention any five major tourist attaction of dubai
Mathematics: a student a visit her family her father converted Rs. 1,15,000 inr currency for dubai airport theexpedite in the trip is given below
1. Curreny name of India and dubai
2. Conversions amount
3. Total Converted amount
4. cost of food
5. cost of sightseeing
6. cost of shoping
7. cost of saving
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Madagascar country brief - States in Transition - IDASA
1. SITO
States In Transition
Observatory
www.statesintransition.org
Country Brief | Madagascar
November 2011
Madagascar was declared an autonomous state within the French community in 1958
and gained full independence in 1960. A history of successive government takeovers
and sporadic violence has resulted in a fragile political and economic environment. In
March 2009, Andry Rajoelina, the mayor of Antananarivo, declared himself President
of the High Transitional Authority of Madagascar (HAT), with the support of the military.
The ousted President, Marc Ravalomanana, resigned on 17 March 2009, and is living
in exile in South Africa. SADC-mediated negotiations between the HAT and opposition
parties ended with an accord being signed on 17 September 2011. The Road Map
allows President Ravalomanana to return to Madagascar, and sets a timeline for new
elections. An interim power-sharing agreement was established, whereby Rajoelina will
remain president until elections are held in March 2012, and a new transitional govern-
ment will be selected. This agreement has heightened hope for the future of democracy
in Madagascar, but has already met with obstacles. On 28 October 2011, Rajoelina
named Omer Beriziky as the new prime minister, without the consent of opposition par-
ties as required by the Road Map. Ravalomanana’s party has stated that it may with-
draw from negotiations due to Beriziky’s un-consensual appointment. On 21 November
2011, Rajoelina named a new government, which the opposition immediately rejected
as illegal. It remains to be seen how, and if, elections will be held in March 2012.
Political Environment
The political environment in Madagascar has been marked by a struggle for control. Politi-
cal transitions have been associated with popular protests, disputed elections, two military
coups and an assassination. In 1975, Didier Ratsiraka came to power in a military coup
and, barring a short period in the early 1990s, ruled until 2001. In the 2001 presidential
elections both he and Marc Ravalomanana claimed victory. Following eight months of spo-
radic violence and economic disruption, the High Constitutional Court undertook a recount
in April 2002 and named Ravalomanana president. Although Ravalomanana’s re-election in
2006 was met with concern over the worsening standard of living, he and his party Tiako I
Madagasikara (TIM) dominated the political environment between 2002 and 2009.
Politics in Madagascar have also been marred by ethnic divisions. Ethnic tensions between
the coastal Betsimisaraka tribe of former President Didier Ratsiraka, and the highland Me-
rina tribe of recently deposed President Ravalomanana, have often polarised debates, fuel-
ling violent anti-government demonstrations that paralyzed state institutions.
In early 2009, Andry Rajoelina, former mayor of Antananarivo, led a series of protests
against the then-President Marc Ravalomanana on the basis of his autocratic style of gov-
ernment. Having come under immense pressure and losing the support of the military;
President Ravalomanana resigned in March 2009 and assigned his powers to a military
council. The military then conferred the presidency on Rajoelina for a “maximum period of
24 months”. International and local stakeholders viewed this as unconstutional and saw the
change in power as a coup d’état. The EU froze donor aid to the country, and Madagascar
was suspended from the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the African
Union (AU).
www.idasa.org
2. As the self-appointed President of the High Transitional Authority (HAT), Rajoelina pledged
that presidential elections would be held by October 2010, following a constitutional ref-
erendum and revision of the electoral code. This pledge was not fulfilled, however, and no
elections have been held since the HAT seized power.
Major Political Parties
While there are 160 political parties in Madagascar, three major political parties receive the
support of more than 80% of the population. These parties, I Love Madagascar (TIM), As-
sociation for the Rebirth of Madagascar (AREMA) and National Union for Development and
Democracy (UNDD), are led by ousted President Ravalomanana, former President Ratsiraka,
and former President Zafy, respectively. In addition, Rajoelina’s Young Malagasy Determined
(TGV) party has played an important role in the political arena since the coup in 2009.
Other Key Political Stakeholders
International and regional stakeholders in Madagascar include the UN, the AU, SADC, the
International Organisation of the Francophonie (IOF), and the Indian Ocean Commission
(IOC). Envoys from these organisations are committed to ongoing negotiation around the
adoption of a Road Map towards elections. SADC in particular has played an important role
in the Road Map negotiation process, and has been involved in attempts to restore democ-
racy in Madagascar since the 2009 coup. The Council of Christian Churches is involved
in mediation attempts between Rajoelina and Ravalomanana, as well as providing social
services to Malagasy citizens.
France’s role is also worth considering given that strong Franco-Malagasy ties that were es-
tablished post-independence. This relationship was strained by France’s unhurried recogni-
tion of Ravalomanana’s government in 2002. This mutual distrust deepened with France’s
continuous involvement in Madagascar’s affairs, and criticism by French economic players
based in Madagascar of Ravalomanana as an entrepreneur-president. Although France never
officially endorsed the HAT, it was reluctant to condemn the 2009 coup. French President
Nicolas Sarkozy has been quoted as saying that Ravalomanana bore some responsibility for
the coup. France has been widely criticised by the US State Department, European govern-
ments and the AU for its involvement in Malagasy politics.
Democracy
Separation of Powers
The Malagasy constitution is modelled on the French presidential system, and there are
concerns regarding the lack of checks and balances to the centralised and personal power
of the President and the executive branch. In 2009, for example, Rajoelina issued a decree
proclaiming a state of emergency in Madagascar, and simultaneously suspended the Senate
and National Assembly. The legislative branch is relatively weak. The bicameral Parliament
has limited oversight functions, and is unable to initiate legislation. With power consolidated
in the executive branch, the legislature remains an ineffectual mechanism for tempering the
power of the presidency.
There are serious constraints to the independence of the judiciary. The Minister of Justice is
both the supreme administrative and disciplinary head of the judges, and judges are seen as
being members of the established middle class who block changes and tend to preserve the
neo-patrimonial privileges of their class or group.
The High Constitutional Court has made several judgements that seem heavily influenced
by the executive. For example, when Ravalomanana signed an order dissolving government
and granting full powers to a military directorate, the directorate was mandated with host-
ing a national conference to discuss and draft possible amendments to the constitution, to
review the electoral code, and to organise elections within two years. The military directorate
immediately passed these powers to Rajoelina, who asked the High Constitutional Court
3. to determine the validity of Ravalomanana’s initial decree, and the military’s subsequent
divestment of its mandate to Rajoelina. The High Constitutional Court endorsed both orders
and declared Rajoelina the President, despite outcry from legal scholars, civil society, and
regional and international stakeholders, who saw the situation as an unconstitutional coup.
The HAT authorities have subsequently regularly interfered with the functioning of the Mala-
gasy judiciary. For example, they ordered the release of detainees already condemned for se-
rious human rights violations and set up institutions to carry out arrests and conduct investi-
gations in lieu of the police and office of the prosecutor. On 28 August 2011, Ravalomanana
and eight other people were sentenced in abstentia to life imprisonment and hard labour for
their alleged involvement in the unlawful killings of supporters of Rajoelina. This judgement
was criticized by members of the Malagasy Bar Association as being politically-motivated.
Civic Participation
The Constitution guarantees civil rights, including the freedom of association and the free-
dom of expression. While the Constitution guarantees freedom of assembly, it requires prior
information be provided to the competent administrative authority before a demonstration
takes place. In practice, the authorities interpret this provision as a requirement of prior
authorisation and consistently oppose the demonstrations which express opinions contrary
to those of the state.
Freedom of expression, while enshrined in the Constitution, is frequently usurped by the
security sector. Moreover, radio and TV broadcasting remain under state control, and journal-
ists and editors tend to self-censor since the state has repeatedly threatened those consid-
ered to be too critical.
Further concern has been raised over the lack of civic engagement in Madagascar. This has
been attributed to poverty, a shrinking middle class, and the secular disenfranchisement of
active civic participation work.
Economic Situation
Madagascar was once considered one of the more prosperous African nations, but eco-
nomic mismanagement and recurrent crises in the past few decades have meant that annual
growth averaged only 0.5 percent recently, compared with a population growth of about 2.8
percent.
Over 70% of the Malagasy population lives below the poverty line. The economy is based
largely on agriculture, particularly the export of coffee, vanilla, cloves and, with the help of
French investments, sugar. In addition to agriculture, mining plays an integral role in the
economy. Chromate, graphite, and mica are exported, along with various gems. Private
mining interests have been invited to develop Madagascar’s gold deposits. There has also
been renewed interest in Madagascar’s oil potential since large amounts were discovered in
2005.
Madagascar’s rich biodiversity has been seen as an opportunity for potential development
and the government has invested in establishing an ecotourism sector. Nevertheless, govern-
ment efforts to strengthen the market economy have been erratic and corruption and political
instability continue to constrain growth.
In the mid-1990s, Madagascar abandoned its socialist economic policies in favour of the
World Bank and IMF-led policies of privatisation and liberalisation which were intended to
place the country on a slow and steady growth path. The stagnation which occurred during
the 1991-1996 period was followed by five years of solid economic growth until the politi-
cal crisis of December 2001 brought economic activity across most of the country to a halt.
Following the 2002 political crisis, the government, with the support of international finan-
cial institutions and the donor community, worked to develop a new policy course and gain
business confidence. The Malagasy government presented its ambitious recovery plan at
the World Bank’s “Friends of Madagascar” conference in Paris. Donor countries displayed
4. their confidence by undertaking to provide $1 billion of financial assistance over a period of
five years, and between 2002 and 2008 measured improvements to social, economic and
governance indicators were noted.
The political crisis that erupted in early 2009, however, continues to have significant impli-
cations for the economic situation. It has led to increased fragility, poverty and social dis-
tress. Due to the unconstitutionality of the coup, a large portion of international aid, which
represents 40% of the budget and 75% of the public investment programme, has been with-
drawn. Madagascar’s economic recovery is closely linked to foreign aid, and until the politi-
cal crisis has been resolved, it is likely that Malagasy economic growth with remain stunted.
Malagasy Road Map to Elections
SADC has been instrumental in facilitating the drafting of a Road Map to re-establish de-
mocracy in Madagascar. In mid-2009, international mediators brokered a power-sharing
agreement between rival camps, but the deal failed to materialise and Rajoelina later for-
mally abandoned it. A new Constitution was endorsed following a referendum in November
2010, but elections have not yet been held – they were initially scheduled for late 2010,
then postponed until 2011, and again postponed until March 2012.
Nevertheless, progress was made on 17 September 2011 when all but one of the main
Malagasy political parties agreed to a Road Map that allows for the return of Ravalomanana
and the selection of an interim cabinet in the run-up to the elections. Whilst there has been
no immediate word on the lifting of sanctions and aid suspensions imposed on Madagascar,
the Road Map has been recognised by the international community. On 18 October 2011,
the premier and Cabinet tendered their resignations so that a transitional government could
be selected in November ahead of the elections. On 28 October 2011, Rajoelina named
Omer Beriziky as prime minister, without the consent of opposition parties as required by
the Road Map. Ravalomanana’s party has stated that it may now pull out of the negotiations
to restore democracy in Madagascar due to Beriziky’s unconsensual appointment. Further
consternation arose on 21 November 2011 when Rajoelina announced the members of the
transitional government; the opposition parties immediately issued statements claiming that
his appointments were illegal.
It remains to be seen whether the Road Map will materialise into credible elections and the
re-establishment of stability and democracy in Madagascar.
Opportunities and Threats
The opportunity to once again establish stability and transform Madagascar into a thriving
African democracy brings with it the chance to re-energise the economy and work towards
addressing the numerous development challenges that plague the country. Nevertheless the
negotiations have proved to be challenging and there is no guarantee that the Road Map
will generate a successful partnership and credible results. The rejection of the new interim
government and of the appointment of a new prime minister by opposition leaders does not
bode well for the successful implementation of the Road Map, scheduled for ratification on
30 November 2011.
The history of Madagascar’s political situation is a cause for concern and the success of this
transformation will depend on the active participation of both the signatories and regional
bodies. It is imperative that the focus of the next 12 months is not solely on establishing
democracy but also on successfully sustaining it in the years to come.
5. References
Amnesty International, ‘Madagascar: Urgent Need for Justice,’ (2010), available: http://
www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AFR35/001/2010/en/6e05b73b-1337-4a57-b80b-
4c6d3e7fef61/afr350012010en.pdf, accessed 23 November 2011.
Reuters, ‘Madagascar names new government, opposition rejects,’ (21 November 2011),
available: http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/madagascar-names-new-government-opposi-
tion-rejects/, accessed 23 November 2011.
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