PRECEDENT STUDY & ANALYSIS

1. Erica: Question 2, Part 2
Question 2, Part 2
ii. How the context, building period and evolution makes the building historicallysignificantand meaningful?
^ (ref.1)
^(ref.2 The Complete Temples ofAncientEgypt,p.g 48)

2. The construction took more than hundred years to complete.The pharaoh who started this construction was
Pharaoh Amenhotep III(1390-1352 B.C) and was completed byPharaoh Tutankhamen(1336-1327
B.C)(ref.1). The temple was continued to developed by other pharaohs such as Rameses IIand also outside
conqueror like Alexander the Great. Besides,granite shrine which is toward the rear was dedicated to
Alexander the Great(ref.3). The long period of construction and the differentdesigns from a few pharaohs
and conqueror made Luxor Temple historicallysignificantand meaningful to the architecture of Egypt.
Reference:
1) Luxor Temple.(n.d.). Retrieved September 22,2015,from http://discoveringegypt.com/luxor-temple/
2) Wilkinson,R. (2000).Growth, Enhancementand Change.In The complete temples ofancientEgypt (p.
48). New York: Thames & Hudson.
3) Luxor Temple in Egypt. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22,2015.

3. Erica: Question 3
Question 3:
i) What is the form, or shape ofthe building?
^ Retrieved from (Ref. 2)

4. ^ Top & Bottom: Retrieved from (ref.1: The Complete Temples ofAncientEgypt)
This is the form and shape ofthe building.The main buildings have flat roofs and the roofs are supported by
the columns.Mostof the Egypt temples consistofcolumns including Luxor Temple.The columns were also
known as papyrus-bud columns(ref.2).Besides,hundreds ofhuman-headed statues are in the sphinx-lined
causewayof Nectanedo I towards the entrance pylons of Luxor Temple.
PAPYRUS-BUD COLUMNS
There are various types of columns.The mostcommon one in Luxor Temple is the Papyrus -bud columns.
Papyrus columns taper upwards from the base decorated with the triangular patterns which represents
stylized stem sheaths.Mostof the columns in Luxor Temple are bud and bell-shaped form.

5. HUMAN-HEADED STATUES
Retrieved from (ref.1 The Complete Temples ofAncientEgypt)
Human-headed statues are one of the famous forms in Egyptian's architecture.The statues connected the
temples ofKarnak and Luxor for over 3 km. This causewaywas used once in a year in a festival. Amun
travelled from Karnak to visit southern dominion.At Luxor Temple,he transformed into Min the God of
Fertility(ref.5).
PYLONS
From left: pylons, 25m obelisk

6. One of the surface of the pylons is carved from the episodes ofthe Battle of Kadesh(Ramesses and his
army defeated the Hittites and their allies).Four sacred baboon who were the firstto greetthe sun in the
morning were carved on the pedestal.Every faces of the obelisk were carved with the titles of Ramesses the
Great. Ramesses established monuments in Luxor dedicated to his father, Amun.
ii) How the form or shape of the building contributes in making the building historicallysignificantand
meaningful?
Luxor temple was made ofstone so that they would lastforever(ref.3). The walls were carved with the
historical scenes.All these scenes were all aboutthe victorious of the pharoah foughtin battles and also
performing rituals with the God and Goddesses.As all the scenes were carved on the walls,it allowed those
archeologists to record such a significanthistoryto the world. The Obelisk,for example,gave us the
information on how Ramesses won in the Battle of Kadesh.
Video of the Luxor Temple(retrieved from YouTube, watch?v=S67pK45JHYg&feature=youtu.be)
References:
1) Wilkinson,R. (2000). The complete temples of ancientEgypt (pp. 55, 166-171).New York: Thames &
Hudson.
2) Luxor Temple.(n.d.). Retrieved September 22,2015,from http://discoveringegypt.com/luxor-temple/
3) The Luxor Temple in Egypt. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22,2015,
from http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-luxor-temple-in-egypt-facts-lesson-quiz.html
4) Luxor Temple Obelisks.(n.d.). Retrieved September 22,2015, from http://discoveringegypt.com/luxor-
temple/luxor-temple-obelisks/
5) We Are Proud Of Our SafeSurf Rating! (n.d.). Retrieved September 22,2015,
from http://www.delange.org/Luxor/EP12.htm