This document discusses lung cancer, including:
1. It is a leading cause of cancer death, with 90% of cases linked to smoking. Smokers have a 10 times higher risk than non-smokers.
2. The main types of lung cancer - small cell, squamous cell, large cell, and adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma is more common in non-smokers.
3. Diagnosis methods include sputum cytology, bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, and imaging scans such as CT, MRI, and PET scans. Management decisions depend on whether the cancer is resectable and the patient's lung function.
Template For Poster Presentation (Tysa)drtanoybose
This study examined the prevalence of microalbuminuria (MAU) in 128 patients with hypertension and its correlation with target organ damage. The results showed that MAU was present in 37.5% of hypertensive patients overall and was more prevalent in older patients and those with longer disease duration. MAU had a positive correlation with duration and severity of hypertension, male sex, obesity, low HDL levels, high LDL levels, and evidence of retinopathy or left ventricular hypertrophy on ECG. The study concludes that MAU is an important early marker of target organ damage in hypertension.
Lung cancer stigma: Causes, Prevalence, Impacts and Conceptual Model Andrea Borondy Kitts
Presentation summary of my MPH class paper on Lung Cancer Stigma: Causes, Prevalence, Impacts and Development of a Lung Cancer Stigma Model to Guide Public Health Interventions
Concurrent versus sequential CTRT in lung cancerAjeet Gandhi
1) Concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy (CTRT) improves survival rates compared to sequential CTRT or radiation therapy alone for inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on evidence from randomized clinical trials.
2) However, concurrent CTRT is also associated with higher treatment-related toxicities like esophagitis and radiation pneumonitis.
3) Whether a patient receives concurrent or sequential CTRT depends on an assessment of their suitability in terms of age, performance status, medical comorbidities, and concerns about enhanced toxicity risks from the concurrent approach. Radiation technique and dosimetric parameters also impact toxicity risks.
This study examined the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in midlife and later cancer risk among nearly 14,000 men. The researchers found that men with high CRF in midlife had a 32% lower risk of lung and colorectal cancer death compared to those with low CRF. Additionally, men who developed cancer but had high CRF showed a 68% reduced risk of death from cardiovascular disease compared to those with low CRF. The results provide support for assessing CRF in preventive healthcare and generating future research on the optimal CRF levels needed to prevent specific cancer types.
What Cancer Patients Need to Know about Cardio-Oncologybkling
This document discusses the link between cancer and cardiovascular disease. It introduces cardio-oncology as a new medical specialty that addresses the cardiovascular effects of cancer therapies to prevent cardiac dysfunction. Many cancer treatments can be cardiotoxic, and cancer survivors often die of cardiac complications rather than cancer recurrence. There are also shared risk factors for cancer and heart disease like smoking, obesity, diabetes, and lack of physical activity. Diet, inflammation, and other biological processes also link the development of the two diseases. Cardio-oncology aims to monitor and manage cardiac risks in cancer patients and survivors.
This document discusses cardio-oncology, which focuses on the cardiovascular side effects of cancer treatments. It provides background on the development of cardio-oncology as a field and explains why cardiovascular disease and cancer are important to discuss together. The document then outlines several possible cardiovascular complications from cancer therapies, including myocardial dysfunction/heart failure, coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, hypertension, thromboembolic disease, and others. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring patients for these side effects during and after treatment.
1) This study analyzed prognostic factors that influence survival in patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma by examining clinical data from 151 patients.
2) Univariate analysis found that factors like older age, poorer performance status, advanced stage, short duration of response to initial therapy, and not achieving complete response were associated with worse survival.
3) Multivariate analysis identified that duration of response to initial therapy and performance status at relapse were the most important predictors of long-term survival, with patients having responses lasting 2+ years or good performance status having longer 5-year survival.
This document discusses cardiotoxicity from chemotherapy, specifically anthracyclines, and its management. It provides a case study of a breast cancer patient with pre-existing cardiac disease receiving chemotherapy. Key points discussed include:
1. Anthracyclines are effective chemotherapy but can cause dose-dependent cardiotoxicity and heart failure.
2. Various modalities can help detect cardiotoxicity early, including echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging, and cardiac biomarkers.
3. While chemotherapy may cause cardiac damage, optimal heart failure therapy can significantly improve cardiac function for many patients.
4. Careful consideration of cardiac risk factors and function is important when choosing chemotherapy regimens and monitoring for toxicity
Template For Poster Presentation (Tysa)drtanoybose
This study examined the prevalence of microalbuminuria (MAU) in 128 patients with hypertension and its correlation with target organ damage. The results showed that MAU was present in 37.5% of hypertensive patients overall and was more prevalent in older patients and those with longer disease duration. MAU had a positive correlation with duration and severity of hypertension, male sex, obesity, low HDL levels, high LDL levels, and evidence of retinopathy or left ventricular hypertrophy on ECG. The study concludes that MAU is an important early marker of target organ damage in hypertension.
Lung cancer stigma: Causes, Prevalence, Impacts and Conceptual Model Andrea Borondy Kitts
Presentation summary of my MPH class paper on Lung Cancer Stigma: Causes, Prevalence, Impacts and Development of a Lung Cancer Stigma Model to Guide Public Health Interventions
Concurrent versus sequential CTRT in lung cancerAjeet Gandhi
1) Concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy (CTRT) improves survival rates compared to sequential CTRT or radiation therapy alone for inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on evidence from randomized clinical trials.
2) However, concurrent CTRT is also associated with higher treatment-related toxicities like esophagitis and radiation pneumonitis.
3) Whether a patient receives concurrent or sequential CTRT depends on an assessment of their suitability in terms of age, performance status, medical comorbidities, and concerns about enhanced toxicity risks from the concurrent approach. Radiation technique and dosimetric parameters also impact toxicity risks.
This study examined the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in midlife and later cancer risk among nearly 14,000 men. The researchers found that men with high CRF in midlife had a 32% lower risk of lung and colorectal cancer death compared to those with low CRF. Additionally, men who developed cancer but had high CRF showed a 68% reduced risk of death from cardiovascular disease compared to those with low CRF. The results provide support for assessing CRF in preventive healthcare and generating future research on the optimal CRF levels needed to prevent specific cancer types.
What Cancer Patients Need to Know about Cardio-Oncologybkling
This document discusses the link between cancer and cardiovascular disease. It introduces cardio-oncology as a new medical specialty that addresses the cardiovascular effects of cancer therapies to prevent cardiac dysfunction. Many cancer treatments can be cardiotoxic, and cancer survivors often die of cardiac complications rather than cancer recurrence. There are also shared risk factors for cancer and heart disease like smoking, obesity, diabetes, and lack of physical activity. Diet, inflammation, and other biological processes also link the development of the two diseases. Cardio-oncology aims to monitor and manage cardiac risks in cancer patients and survivors.
This document discusses cardio-oncology, which focuses on the cardiovascular side effects of cancer treatments. It provides background on the development of cardio-oncology as a field and explains why cardiovascular disease and cancer are important to discuss together. The document then outlines several possible cardiovascular complications from cancer therapies, including myocardial dysfunction/heart failure, coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, hypertension, thromboembolic disease, and others. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring patients for these side effects during and after treatment.
1) This study analyzed prognostic factors that influence survival in patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma by examining clinical data from 151 patients.
2) Univariate analysis found that factors like older age, poorer performance status, advanced stage, short duration of response to initial therapy, and not achieving complete response were associated with worse survival.
3) Multivariate analysis identified that duration of response to initial therapy and performance status at relapse were the most important predictors of long-term survival, with patients having responses lasting 2+ years or good performance status having longer 5-year survival.
This document discusses cardiotoxicity from chemotherapy, specifically anthracyclines, and its management. It provides a case study of a breast cancer patient with pre-existing cardiac disease receiving chemotherapy. Key points discussed include:
1. Anthracyclines are effective chemotherapy but can cause dose-dependent cardiotoxicity and heart failure.
2. Various modalities can help detect cardiotoxicity early, including echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging, and cardiac biomarkers.
3. While chemotherapy may cause cardiac damage, optimal heart failure therapy can significantly improve cardiac function for many patients.
4. Careful consideration of cardiac risk factors and function is important when choosing chemotherapy regimens and monitoring for toxicity
HCC Clinical update and hints from AASLD 2017 guidelines mainly about surveillance, diagnosis and treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma in different stages.
The document discusses three studies related to COPD epidemiology and diagnosis:
1) A study investigating the distribution of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) genotypes in patients hospitalized for non-traumatic rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The study found an increased frequency of the S allele in AAA patients compared to the general population, supporting AATD as a potential risk factor for AAA.
2) A study identifying risk factors for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) in COPD patients using inhaled medications. Female gender, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and higher symptom scores were associated with increased exacerbation risk. Tiotropium use was linked to
We have made great strides in the treatment of cancer. More individuals are surviving a cancer diagnosis, but cancer treatments can have a detrimental impact on cardiovascular health.
Dr. Susan Dent, a medical oncologist who co-founded the first multidisciplinary cardio-oncology clinic in Canada, discussed the importance of optimizing cardiovascular health for patients during and following completion of their cancer treatment.
- The document analyzes prognostic factors that influence survival in patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma based on a retrospective study of 151 patients.
- In univariate analysis, factors like older age, higher stage, poorer performance status, shorter duration of response to first-line therapy, and bone marrow involvement were associated with worse survival.
- Multivariate analysis found that duration of response to first-line therapy and performance status at relapse were the most important factors, with 5-year survival ranging from 33-63% based on duration of response.
This document contains information about sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators that are approved or emerging treatments for multiple sclerosis. It provides a table showing the selectivity of fingolimod, ozanimod, siponimod, and ponesimod for different S1PR subtypes and their association with various cell types. It also summarizes the clinical profiles of fingolimod, ozanimod, siponimod and ponesimod based on clinical trial data, showing their effectiveness in treating relapsing or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis with generally favorable safety profiles.
Cardio-Oncology & Advanced Heart Failure TherapiesAllina Health
This document summarizes a presentation about cardio-oncology at the Minneapolis Heart Institute. It discusses the growing field of cardio-oncology due to improved cancer survival rates and increased risk of cardiovascular side effects from newer cancer therapies. The presentation outlines several chemotherapy agents known to cause cardiotoxicity, as well as risk factors. It then describes the cardio-oncology clinic at MHI, which has expanded to include multiple physicians, nurse practitioners, and a nurse coordinator to closely monitor patients receiving chemotherapy. The clinic aims to prevent and quickly treat any cardiotoxicity through protocols for imaging, medication management, and follow-up care. Statistics on current clinic patients are provided, as well as considerations for referral. Future research initiatives in prevention and
Slides From Hot Topics in NASH:New Strategies for the Diagnosis of NASH.2019hivlifeinfo
Slides From Hot Topics in NASH: New Strategies for the Diagnosis of NASH
xpert faculty present key data on current and emerging NASH treatment options for your patients.
Rita Basu, MD
Wing-Kin Syn, MBChB, PhD, FACP, FRCP
Format: Microsoft PowerPoint (.ppt)
File Size: 3.84 MB
Released: February 11, 2019
Rationale for Bariatric surgery: Medical & Financial Argumentsforegutsurgeon
This document summarizes the rationale for bariatric surgery from both medical and financial perspectives. It provides evidence from several studies that bariatric surgery results in significant and sustained weight loss, resolution of diabetes and other comorbidities in the majority of patients. Cost-effectiveness analyses also indicate that while more expensive initially, bariatric surgery provides better health outcomes and is cost-effective compared to non-surgical weight loss treatments. However, more research is still needed to fully understand long-term impacts and complications.
This document provides an overview of the research process. It defines research and describes the main types as qualitative and quantitative. The key steps in designing and conducting research are outlined, including formulating the research question, selecting an appropriate design, defining variables, sampling, data collection and analysis, and reporting findings. Guidelines for selecting a research topic and writing objectives are also presented. Different study designs - descriptive, analytical, experimental and observational - are explained.
Venous Thromboembolism in the Cancer Patientlarriva
Cancer patients are at an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. There have been several guidelines published on the topic from the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Although they agree on some issues regarding prophylaxis and treatment there are several areas that vary. This presentation covers the varying recommendations and the areas of consensus (yellow boxes) among the guidelines while using a patient case to guide their interpretation.
This study examined the prevalence and predictors of post-stroke disability among 112 Nigerian stroke survivors. The main findings were:
1) The overall degree of post-stroke disability was moderate (43.6%) according to the ICF scale, with higher prevalence in 9 specific items.
2) Increased age significantly predicted higher levels of post-stroke disability, with each additional year of age correlating to a 2% rise in disability.
3) Other factors associated with greater disability included being right hand dominant, having diabetes, and shorter duration since the stroke. Employment post-stroke and hypertension were linked to lower disability.
4) The results provide insight into the burden of post-stroke disability in Nigeria
1) Manuel L. Gonzalez-Garay presented research projects at UTHealth from 2009-2015 investigating rare genetic disorders using next-generation sequencing and metabolomics.
2) An experimental design involved whole exome sequencing of 81 healthy volunteers from the Young Presidents' Organization to explore the practical value and challenges of genomic information for healthy individuals.
3) Analysis of the sequencing data and metabolomics profiles identified several disease-causing variants and metabolic deficiencies, demonstrating the potential for precision medicine approaches in volunteers of normal health.
review of literature for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement and balloon occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration in management of patients with varices hemorrhage
The document summarizes research on active surveillance for prostate cancer. It discusses definitions of clinically significant prostate cancer, criteria for active surveillance candidacy, biomarkers like PSA kinetics and PCA3, and outcomes of patients on surveillance like cancer-specific survival rates and rates of remaining free from intervention. It concludes that active surveillance appears safe in the intermediate term but challenges remain in identifying higher risk disease and validating triggers for intervention.
This document discusses using proteomics and metabolomics techniques to identify biomarkers for early detection of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It describes previous proteomics studies that identified three biomarkers in CSF and interest in cystatin C as a diagnostic biomarker. Metabolomics studies using NMR on CSF have also found 17 relevant metabolites and perturbations in glucose metabolism. The conclusion is that proteomics and metabolomics show promise as techniques for early ALS detection but require further validation studies.
This document discusses guidelines for exercise after a cancer diagnosis. It provides:
1) National guidelines for exercise that reduce lymphedema risk and include strength training, aerobic exercise, and flexibility.
2) Evidence from clinical trials showing strength training reduces lymphedema risk by 50% and flare-ups by 70% while improving strength and function.
3) Recommendations for pre-exercise evaluations to identify limitations and ensure safe exercise for those with cancer treatment effects like lymphedema.
Liver Stiffness Evaluation in DM Type 2, Ng t Hồng Anh- Ng Thiện Hùng.hungnguyenthien
This document summarizes a study evaluating liver stiffness in type 2 diabetes patients using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging. 80 diabetic patients underwent ultrasound to assess liver steatosis and ARFI imaging to measure liver fibrosis. The results found significant fibrosis (stages F2-F3) in 28.75% of patients and severe fibrosis (F4) in 15%. All patients with severe steatosis (S3) had significant or severe fibrosis. ARFI imaging provided a fast, useful method for assessing liver stiffness comparable to transient elastography. The study concludes ARFI should be used to systematically evaluate liver stiffness in diabetic patients to identify fibrosis.
Hepatocellular & Pancreatic CarcinomasRHMBONCO
The document discusses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic cancer, including their epidemiology, risk factors, screening, diagnosis, staging, and management. For HCC, risk factors include hepatitis and other liver diseases, while targeted therapies such as sorafenib have shown efficacy. Surgical resection can cure early HCC but recurrence is common. For pancreatic cancer, risk increases with age and genetic factors, while surgery offers the only chance for cure if the cancer is resectable.
This document discusses primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts. It provides details on the epidemiology, associated conditions, diagnosis, and treatment of PSC. Highlights include that PSC often co-occurs with inflammatory bowel disease, diagnosis involves cholangiography to detect bile duct abnormalities, and treatments like ursodeoxycholic acid and liver transplantation are discussed. The document also describes local data on PSC patients and initiatives to support research and patients through a new Australian Bowel Foundation.
The document discusses the company's plans to launch a new line of smart home devices next year. It details three new products - a smart speaker, smart thermostat, and smart door lock - that will be unveiled at CES and available for purchase in early 2023. The smart speaker will respond to voice commands and allow hands-free control of other smart devices throughout the home.
HCC Clinical update and hints from AASLD 2017 guidelines mainly about surveillance, diagnosis and treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma in different stages.
The document discusses three studies related to COPD epidemiology and diagnosis:
1) A study investigating the distribution of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) genotypes in patients hospitalized for non-traumatic rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The study found an increased frequency of the S allele in AAA patients compared to the general population, supporting AATD as a potential risk factor for AAA.
2) A study identifying risk factors for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) in COPD patients using inhaled medications. Female gender, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and higher symptom scores were associated with increased exacerbation risk. Tiotropium use was linked to
We have made great strides in the treatment of cancer. More individuals are surviving a cancer diagnosis, but cancer treatments can have a detrimental impact on cardiovascular health.
Dr. Susan Dent, a medical oncologist who co-founded the first multidisciplinary cardio-oncology clinic in Canada, discussed the importance of optimizing cardiovascular health for patients during and following completion of their cancer treatment.
- The document analyzes prognostic factors that influence survival in patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma based on a retrospective study of 151 patients.
- In univariate analysis, factors like older age, higher stage, poorer performance status, shorter duration of response to first-line therapy, and bone marrow involvement were associated with worse survival.
- Multivariate analysis found that duration of response to first-line therapy and performance status at relapse were the most important factors, with 5-year survival ranging from 33-63% based on duration of response.
This document contains information about sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators that are approved or emerging treatments for multiple sclerosis. It provides a table showing the selectivity of fingolimod, ozanimod, siponimod, and ponesimod for different S1PR subtypes and their association with various cell types. It also summarizes the clinical profiles of fingolimod, ozanimod, siponimod and ponesimod based on clinical trial data, showing their effectiveness in treating relapsing or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis with generally favorable safety profiles.
Cardio-Oncology & Advanced Heart Failure TherapiesAllina Health
This document summarizes a presentation about cardio-oncology at the Minneapolis Heart Institute. It discusses the growing field of cardio-oncology due to improved cancer survival rates and increased risk of cardiovascular side effects from newer cancer therapies. The presentation outlines several chemotherapy agents known to cause cardiotoxicity, as well as risk factors. It then describes the cardio-oncology clinic at MHI, which has expanded to include multiple physicians, nurse practitioners, and a nurse coordinator to closely monitor patients receiving chemotherapy. The clinic aims to prevent and quickly treat any cardiotoxicity through protocols for imaging, medication management, and follow-up care. Statistics on current clinic patients are provided, as well as considerations for referral. Future research initiatives in prevention and
Slides From Hot Topics in NASH:New Strategies for the Diagnosis of NASH.2019hivlifeinfo
Slides From Hot Topics in NASH: New Strategies for the Diagnosis of NASH
xpert faculty present key data on current and emerging NASH treatment options for your patients.
Rita Basu, MD
Wing-Kin Syn, MBChB, PhD, FACP, FRCP
Format: Microsoft PowerPoint (.ppt)
File Size: 3.84 MB
Released: February 11, 2019
Rationale for Bariatric surgery: Medical & Financial Argumentsforegutsurgeon
This document summarizes the rationale for bariatric surgery from both medical and financial perspectives. It provides evidence from several studies that bariatric surgery results in significant and sustained weight loss, resolution of diabetes and other comorbidities in the majority of patients. Cost-effectiveness analyses also indicate that while more expensive initially, bariatric surgery provides better health outcomes and is cost-effective compared to non-surgical weight loss treatments. However, more research is still needed to fully understand long-term impacts and complications.
This document provides an overview of the research process. It defines research and describes the main types as qualitative and quantitative. The key steps in designing and conducting research are outlined, including formulating the research question, selecting an appropriate design, defining variables, sampling, data collection and analysis, and reporting findings. Guidelines for selecting a research topic and writing objectives are also presented. Different study designs - descriptive, analytical, experimental and observational - are explained.
Venous Thromboembolism in the Cancer Patientlarriva
Cancer patients are at an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. There have been several guidelines published on the topic from the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Although they agree on some issues regarding prophylaxis and treatment there are several areas that vary. This presentation covers the varying recommendations and the areas of consensus (yellow boxes) among the guidelines while using a patient case to guide their interpretation.
This study examined the prevalence and predictors of post-stroke disability among 112 Nigerian stroke survivors. The main findings were:
1) The overall degree of post-stroke disability was moderate (43.6%) according to the ICF scale, with higher prevalence in 9 specific items.
2) Increased age significantly predicted higher levels of post-stroke disability, with each additional year of age correlating to a 2% rise in disability.
3) Other factors associated with greater disability included being right hand dominant, having diabetes, and shorter duration since the stroke. Employment post-stroke and hypertension were linked to lower disability.
4) The results provide insight into the burden of post-stroke disability in Nigeria
1) Manuel L. Gonzalez-Garay presented research projects at UTHealth from 2009-2015 investigating rare genetic disorders using next-generation sequencing and metabolomics.
2) An experimental design involved whole exome sequencing of 81 healthy volunteers from the Young Presidents' Organization to explore the practical value and challenges of genomic information for healthy individuals.
3) Analysis of the sequencing data and metabolomics profiles identified several disease-causing variants and metabolic deficiencies, demonstrating the potential for precision medicine approaches in volunteers of normal health.
review of literature for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement and balloon occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration in management of patients with varices hemorrhage
The document summarizes research on active surveillance for prostate cancer. It discusses definitions of clinically significant prostate cancer, criteria for active surveillance candidacy, biomarkers like PSA kinetics and PCA3, and outcomes of patients on surveillance like cancer-specific survival rates and rates of remaining free from intervention. It concludes that active surveillance appears safe in the intermediate term but challenges remain in identifying higher risk disease and validating triggers for intervention.
This document discusses using proteomics and metabolomics techniques to identify biomarkers for early detection of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It describes previous proteomics studies that identified three biomarkers in CSF and interest in cystatin C as a diagnostic biomarker. Metabolomics studies using NMR on CSF have also found 17 relevant metabolites and perturbations in glucose metabolism. The conclusion is that proteomics and metabolomics show promise as techniques for early ALS detection but require further validation studies.
This document discusses guidelines for exercise after a cancer diagnosis. It provides:
1) National guidelines for exercise that reduce lymphedema risk and include strength training, aerobic exercise, and flexibility.
2) Evidence from clinical trials showing strength training reduces lymphedema risk by 50% and flare-ups by 70% while improving strength and function.
3) Recommendations for pre-exercise evaluations to identify limitations and ensure safe exercise for those with cancer treatment effects like lymphedema.
Liver Stiffness Evaluation in DM Type 2, Ng t Hồng Anh- Ng Thiện Hùng.hungnguyenthien
This document summarizes a study evaluating liver stiffness in type 2 diabetes patients using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging. 80 diabetic patients underwent ultrasound to assess liver steatosis and ARFI imaging to measure liver fibrosis. The results found significant fibrosis (stages F2-F3) in 28.75% of patients and severe fibrosis (F4) in 15%. All patients with severe steatosis (S3) had significant or severe fibrosis. ARFI imaging provided a fast, useful method for assessing liver stiffness comparable to transient elastography. The study concludes ARFI should be used to systematically evaluate liver stiffness in diabetic patients to identify fibrosis.
Hepatocellular & Pancreatic CarcinomasRHMBONCO
The document discusses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic cancer, including their epidemiology, risk factors, screening, diagnosis, staging, and management. For HCC, risk factors include hepatitis and other liver diseases, while targeted therapies such as sorafenib have shown efficacy. Surgical resection can cure early HCC but recurrence is common. For pancreatic cancer, risk increases with age and genetic factors, while surgery offers the only chance for cure if the cancer is resectable.
This document discusses primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts. It provides details on the epidemiology, associated conditions, diagnosis, and treatment of PSC. Highlights include that PSC often co-occurs with inflammatory bowel disease, diagnosis involves cholangiography to detect bile duct abnormalities, and treatments like ursodeoxycholic acid and liver transplantation are discussed. The document also describes local data on PSC patients and initiatives to support research and patients through a new Australian Bowel Foundation.
The document discusses the company's plans to launch a new line of smart home devices next year. It details three new products - a smart speaker, smart thermostat, and smart door lock - that will be unveiled at CES and available for purchase in early 2023. The smart speaker will respond to voice commands and allow hands-free control of other smart devices throughout the home.
This document summarizes cooperation between the EU and Japan on energy and environmental issues. It discusses both the EU and Japanese policies on energy and the environment separately. It then outlines the relations between the EU and Japan, including commercial relations and cooperation on energy and environmental issues. Several political cooperation programs between the EU and Japan aimed at promoting sustainable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are also summarized.
The earthquake that damaged Tokyo in March 2011 was unprecedented for Japan. Manga and anime had often depicted earthquake scenarios similar to what occurred. Some works like Tokyo Magnitude 8.0 and Disaster Report 4 eerily predicted aspects of the disaster. In response, manga artists encouraged readers to have hope for the future. Works now aim to educate children about what happened and promote lighter topics to give readers diversion. The earthquake will significantly impact portrayals in anime and manga going forward.
Ar 1 august132012 710 freeway presentationgoldendog8888
This document summarizes concerns about proposed alternatives for expanding the 710 Freeway that would threaten Pasadena. It argues that freeways create pollution, noise, traffic, divide neighborhoods, reduce property values, and threaten historic areas. It notes that Metro has failed to adequately consider green rail alternatives that could move freight by train rather than trucks. The document requests that the city oppose specific freeway alternatives, investigate impacts of all alternatives, and continue exploring opposition to unnecessary alternatives.
Mariangela Sassi is an Italian professional with experience working in international relations. She has a Master's degree in international communication and has held internships at the European Parliament, Atahotel Executive, UNIONCAMERE, the Italian Chamber of Commerce for Hungary, and the European Commission Representation in Italy. She is proficient in French, English, Spanish and Japanese and has lived and studied abroad in Japan, Spain, the UK, and Ireland. She has strong organizational skills from planning events and enjoys learning about new cultures.
Este documento discute a doença pulmonar intersticial fibrose cística, incluindo sua definição, causas genéticas, sintomas, exames, tratamentos e papel da fisioterapia respiratória. A fibrose cística é uma doença genética que afeta múltiplos órgãos e causa secreções espessas que danificam principalmente os pulmões. O diagnóstico é feito através de testes genéticos e de suor, e o tratamento envolve antibióticos, terapia
Role of Italian Chamber of Commerce during Hungarian Precidency of EU CouncilMariangela Sassi
This document provides an overview of Hungary and its 2011 presidency of the European Union Council. It discusses Hungary's history and entry into the EU, the main agenda items and critical points of its presidency, and the role of the Italian Chamber of Commerce in Hungary (ICCH) in supporting the presidency through conferences, business lunches, and EU-Chamber projects. The ICCH aimed to strengthen economic ties between Hungary and Italy during this period and support Hungary's EU priorities around economic governance, enlargement, energy policy, and other issues.
The Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs (EYE) programme allows aspiring entrepreneurs to gain skills and experience through 1-6 month stays at established companies across the EU. The programme aims to promote growth and internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises. The example is given of an Italian professor who spent 1.5 months at a Hungarian company that makes math learning spheres. This exchange allowed the professor to promote the spheres in Italy and the Hungarian company to export them there. Both participants found the programme very useful for improving and expanding their businesses across borders.
Dorothea Orem was one of America's foremost nursing theorists. She studied nursing in the 1930s and 1940s, earning her BSN and MSN. Orem developed her theory of self-care in the 1960s while working as a director of nursing and for the state health board. Her theory separates nursing into three conceptual theories: self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing system. Orem defined nursing as helping individuals deal with actual or potential self-care deficits. She received many honors for her contributions to the development of nursing theory.
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Dr. Krista Noonan is a medical oncologist specializing in thoracic and genitourinary malignancies at BC Cancer, Surrey Centre. Her research interests focus on thoracic and genitourinary malignancies and health services research. On Thursday, February 27, join Dr. Noonan as she: - Reviews the advancements in systemic therapy in lung cancer over the past decade - Highlights how the advancements in systemic therapy have dramatically improved quality of life and length of life.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) by Dr Kemi DeleKemi Dele-Ijagbulu
Presentation on definition and general overview of COPD, how to differentiate COPD from Asthma, how to make diagnosis of COPD, simple tools for assessment of COPD; available therapeutic options; as well as management of stable COPD, COPD exacerbations and comorbidities
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including the types, causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, staging, treatments, side effects, and nursing management. It discusses the two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC makes up about 80% of cases and includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinomas. Risk factors include smoking and environmental exposures. Signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the tumor. Diagnostic tests include imaging, biopsies, and lab tests. The TNM system is used for staging. Treatments include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, with side effects like
Dr. Frank Sullivan - Early diagnosis of lung cancerpincomm
The document discusses early diagnosis of lung cancer through potential screening programs utilizing low-dose CT scans and blood-based biomarkers. It describes:
1) Current poor outcomes of lung cancer diagnosed at late stages and potential for improved survival if detected earlier. A case study is presented of a patient whose cancer was found too late.
2) Ongoing research into using low-dose CT screening and blood-based biomarkers individually and together to detect lung cancer at earlier stages. Early results from a large Scottish trial combining CT and biomarkers show promising increases in operable cancers detected.
3) Key information needs and roles of primary care physicians in potential future organized lung cancer screening programs, as identified through focus groups in Ontario.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including:
- The four most common causes of lung masses are benign lesions, primary lung cancer, metastatic disease, and lung abscess.
- There are two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, which is most common.
- Symptoms of lung cancer can include cough, breathing problems, weight loss, chest pain, and fatigue, though early-stage cancers may be asymptomatic.
- Diagnostic tests include chest x-rays, CT scans, sputum cytology, bronchoscopy, and biopsies. Staging helps determine prognosis and treatment.
Lung cancer-medical discussion | study martinshaji
A cancer that begins in the lungs and most often occurs in people who smoke. this is a brief study on lung cancer gives a good idea about clinical and pathological aspects of lung cancer
please comment
thank u
1. The patient presented with a swelling in his neck for 2 years that had been gradually increasing in size and causing pain for the past 2 months.
2. Examination and investigations including lymph node biopsy, ultrasound neck, and CT neck revealed metastatic papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.
3. The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy with modified radical neck dissection. Post-operative recovery was unremarkable.
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Define Structure of Cell
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Explain Lung Cancer
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Signs and Symptoms of Lung Cancer
risk factors of Lung cancer
methods used to diagnose lung cancer
treatment given to lung cancer
preventive measures of Lung Cancer
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- A 60 year old smoker presented for a routine physical and was found to have an abnormality on chest x-ray
- The next appropriate test would be a CT scan of the chest with IV contrast to further characterize any lung lesions found on CXR
- A CT-guided biopsy would not be the next test, as further imaging is needed first to identify and stage any potential lung cancer before invasive testing
The best answer is A) CT chest with IV contrast to further evaluate and characterize any lung abnormalities found on CXR before considering an invasive biopsy.
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6. General Concepts Lung Cancer
• Leading death cause from cancer
• 90% Smoking related
• ALL LC are associated w Smoking
• Nonsmoker = Adenocarcinoma
• Smokers = 10 times higher risk than
Nonsmokers
• Smoking Cessation decreases the risk, but
NEVER to a Non Smoker!
• No screening tests
N Engl J Med 2008, 359: 1367-1380
15. MANAGEMENT QUESTIONS AFTER LC
DIAGNOSIS:
• Is the LC Ressectable?
1. Thorax CT
2. MRI
3. PET Scan
• If the LC is ressectable, is the patient a surgical
candidate?
1. PFTs: FEV1> 50%?
• Remember: Many LC are also COPD patients
Lung Cancer screening results: Easily Misunderstaood. Mayo Clin Proc 2007;
82: 14-15 / BTS Guidelines on the selection of patients with Lung Cancer for
surgery. Thorax 2001; 56: 89-108
21. Annotated Bibliography
Clinical Guidelines:
• Alberts WM, American College of Chest Physicians.
Diagnosis and management of lung cancer. ACCP
evidence- based guidelines. Chest 2007; 132: 1S- 422S
Screening
• Survival of patients with stage I Lung Cancer detected of
CT screening. N Engl J Med 2006, 355: 1763-1771
Smoking
• Wilson JF. In the Clinic. Smoking Cessation. Ann
Intern Med 2007; 146:ITC2-1 – ITC2-16
22. THANK YOU
Dr. Marcos Nascimento, Md
UCF Voluntary Professor
www.pulmaosa.com.br
Editor's Notes
Any writer or designer will tell you that 90% of the creative process…
…is destructive.About Health procedures the same happens. -You need to obtain the necessary from the rock to delivery the BEST Art for your patients. So, we will discuss now through some examples what are the 5 necessary things all MDs and NPs need to know about Lung Cancer, which is a very important part of Pulmonary Section.
In other words, Your audience didn’t needto read 6,000 pages dissertation about Lung Cancer.So, the idea here was to give the Necessary things you need to know about Lung Cancer.
The first rule is: Treat General Concepts about LC as a king.
The second rule is: Spread ideas and move people.
Think Bronchogenic Types as the patents of an Company named “ Lung Cancer.” So, we have 4 patents: 1. Small Cell (C) 2. Squamous (C);3. Large Cell (P) 4. Adenocarcinoma (P). Remember: 1 and 2 beginning with “S” from Small/ Squamous “S sound of Central”COMMENTS: 1. SIADH Most common paraneoplastic syndrome in SCLC (5-10% cases). 40-50% can present subclinical SIADH; Finds hyponatremia, Increased urinary excretion of sodium, normal volume status and failure to excrete maximally diluted urine with water change.1.2 Cushing Syndrome 3-7% of the patients w SCLC. But 11-70% can present subclinical; * Clinical features of CS can be masked by anorexia & significant weigh loss. Severe weakness & mineralocorticoids’ effects of edema, hypertension, and hypokalemia (70%) & hyperpigmentation ( 25%), elevated calcitonin + Calciuresis. 3 Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes Neuromyopathies are most common w SCLC. The incidence of NMP of all LC are 10%. 1.4 *** Peripheral Neuropathy Most Common neurologic syndrome in SCLC ( it has a link with Vinca alkaloids & Cis– platinum); **Dementia is the most common encephalopathy in SCLCEaton – Lambert’s clinical picture are very similar to myasthenia gravis, with proximal muscle weakness & easy fatigability. Symptoms are more pronounced at lower extremities difficult to walk, climbing stairs and getting up from a chair. Unlike other Neuromyopathies, EL Syndrome frequently respond the tumor treatment. 2.Parathyroidlike hormone Hypercalcemia is most common from his cause than from skeletal metastases. PTLH Syndrome is UNUSUAL in patients with SCLC. However, if Hypercalcemia is observed in this setting, consider a Squamous cell, or consider coexistent hyperparathyroidism; Pulmonary osteoarthropaty is seen more often in adenocarcinoma( 1- 10% of cases).
Large Cell Carcinoma & Adenocarcinoma the 2 Peripheral ones. Common in non smokers, but it still related to smoking. Bronchoalveolar carcinoma is a special type of Adenocarcinoma of low grade Lung Cancer, but it can occur in multiple sites on the same Lung or involving the both Lungs! It’s very important to remember it because sometimes you are presented to an X-Ray with multiples lesions and you think in infection or metastases but you have also to think in Bronchoalveolar carcinoma!Solitary Pulmonary Nodules (SPNs) are seen on plain chest radiograph, are < 3cm and there are no other associated abnormalities in the x- Ray. 40 – 60% of SPNs in person w < 35y are granulomas or hamartomas. In Older patients, mainly those w smoking story, the key concern is they are maligns..REMEMBER: Although SPNs especially those > 2cm can be definitely diagnosed a malignant by bronchoscopy (> 65% yield) or transthoracic fine needle biopsy ( > 85% yield), it is rare patient who will truly benefit from such an approach. Generally speaking, when SPN os strongly suspect o be malignant, it should be resected both for definitive diagnosis and for cure ( assuming it turns out to be malignant!)
The next Step is: You need to know about the most common symptoms and signals of Lung cancer: 1. Cough ( Most Common) 2. Weight Loss/ Dyspnea 3. Hemoptysis; 4. Hoarseness 5** Recurrent Pneumonia6. SVC Syndrome7. Pancoast Syndrome8. Horner Syndrome9. Effusion
Cough most common symptom. It’s not specific.Hoarseness in a patient with Lung cancer means metastasis to laryngeal nerves and vocal cords! So, it is unresectable this is not a candidate to surgery***Recurrent Pneumonia: A pneumonia that is not making better and repeat its occurrence with cough, and fever Post obstructive Pneumonia, mainly in the medium Lobe can be a carcinoma.SVC Syndrome: The mass is in the right apical area obstructing the Vena cava. Blurry vision, Headache, confusion… This is an Oncologic Emergency! So, you have to call the radiotherapist to radiate the lesion and shrunk the tumor and save the patient.But REMEMBER: if the patient have SVC but no symptoms, as headache, you may have a short window to try make a tissue diagnostic of the tumor. Because if you radiate the lesion you will lost the opportunity of discovering the histologic type of Lung cancer.Pancoast Syndrome Painful neuropathy because the Invasion from the tumor of brachial plexus.Horner Syndrome Obstruction of sympathetic chains : So, the patient presents Myosis, hydrosis and ptosis! All this 3 syndromes are potential treatable. Most Lung Cancer are unresectable at the moment of the diagnosis. Be careful, by definition these 3 syndromes when associated with Lung cancer can be resectable depending on the stage! For example SVC + Hoarseness from the lung cancer = Unresectable. Effusion + Lung Cancer = Most cases are Unresectable Because if the lung cancer goes for outside of the lung it is unresectable!Remember that you can have a patient with pneumonia + effusion, which is caused by pneumonia and not by lung cancer so in this case it can be resectable!
Rule number 4: HowSputum Cytology In 1/3rd of the cases you can make diagnosis. If you have a cancer diagnosis in the SC, end the diagnostic procedureBronchoscopy for CENTRAL “S” LESIONS Squamous/ Small Cell LC.
NeedleBx for peripheral lesions can be done by invasive radiologist or pulmonologist. Most of the Diagnosis can be made for Bronchoscopy and NB.Remember : If a person has a Lung massEffusions: However, the Cytology made after Effusion drainage can be the way for the LC diagnosis. You can obtain 2 answers here: 1)The diagnostic and also 2)stage the LC, because most Effusions associated with Lung Cancer are Unressectable Cancer. Mediastenoscopy is agrressive and is reserved for mediastinal masses that you could not acess by bronchoscopy. Remember that you can obtain other diagnostics beside LC, as Tuberculosis, Sarcoidosis or Lymphoma.
1st question: Is the Lung Tumor Resectable?Look for metastatic lesions in order to know if the LC is ressectable or not.Please, You don’t need to know the all the stage in LC, But you MUST need to Remember the 4 UNRESECTABLE LC possibilities:a) If a patient has LC and has metastatic lesions Outside the Lung anywhere UNRESECTABLEPleura with Effusion UNRESSECTABLEOther Lung UNRESSECTABLEClose to Carina region UNRESSECTABLE*** The only exception is a small lesion of LC in the Lung & a small lesion in the Brain Ressectable!PET Scan: It’s not the way to confirm diagnosis! The PS localizes the glucose uptake, that generally is high and quickly uptake. But,Please be careful about evaluated Lung Mass with Pet Scan, because there are Types of LC that have a slow uptake of glucose, so it gives a false idea that the Pet scan is normal and the lesion is a benign one. The best typical example of slow growing is Bronchoaveolar carcinoma. Please the PET scan is not a way to confirm LC diagnosis! b) If the LC is confined to the Lung, then the LC is resectable! So, what is the next step? A: PFTs is the next step for pre- operatory because you need to know if the patient will support the surgery procedure.A predicted postoperative FEV1 or DLCO < 40% indicates an increased risk for perioperative complications, including death from lung cancer resection. Remember: Because a lot of patients with LC has advanced COPD ( Reduced FEV1), they are not a candidate to LC surgery.
Along the way we’ve discovered… The 5 necessary Rules about Lung Cancer.
…Along this presentation we remember five simple rules that MDs and NPs need to know about Lung Cancer and benefit your patient. But if you really wanna to change the world you have to engage the huge to work to know the LC cure. But now at the present you can also change the world if you engage the Tobacco cessation cause, warning everybody about the risk, mainly the children and their parents because there is no future with smoking!
So these are the rules!
If you give the priority, organize and mobilize yourselves for the quit smoking cause… Maybe you can not change all the world,…. but at least you can change YOUR part of the world!
You can also change the world. (Well, at least your part of the world!)
For more information, go to www.pulmaosa.com.br or email me at drmarcmd@gmail.com.