The earthquake that damaged Tokyo in March 2011 was unprecedented for Japan. Manga and anime had often depicted earthquake scenarios similar to what occurred. Some works like Tokyo Magnitude 8.0 and Disaster Report 4 eerily predicted aspects of the disaster. In response, manga artists encouraged readers to have hope for the future. Works now aim to educate children about what happened and promote lighter topics to give readers diversion. The earthquake will significantly impact portrayals in anime and manga going forward.

1. A JAPANESE DISASTER: THE EARTHQUAKE THROUGH MANGA AND ANIME
The earthquake that damaged Tokyo and the north-eastern part of Japan the last
11th
March is definitely an extraordinary and unprecedented event both for its
incredible intensity and for the fact that Japan has been always considerate well-
advanced in the seismic prevention so anyone have should never imagined the
occurrence of a so catastrophic event.
Due to the widely known seismic nature of its territory, Japan has a deepen
culture of earthquakes and its inhabitants are well prepared to face this kind of
emergencies by Bousai, the Japanese Civil Protection. This education has
produced the composed reaction of the Japanese people, which impressed the
entire world during the days following the disaster.
The culture of drama and of earthquakes in particular, is typical of videogames,
manga and anime, the Japanese comics and cartoons. Violence is an element that
historically characterizes manga and anime whose protagonists are warriors,
robots and monsters involved in bloody battles with futuristic weapons. Stories
are extremely realistic and describe a society very similar to the Japanese one,
which the readers can be easily identify.
For this reason, it is possible to develop an analysis on two levels: on one hand,
how some anime and manga have foreseen the earthquake; on the other hand,
the initiatives promoted by their authors after the event.
From the first point of view, it could be useful to mention as examples of this
phenomenon Tokyo Magnitudo 8.0, Hakuryū Legend and Disaster Report 4 that
have described in detail events similar to the recent ones.
The first one is a 2009 animated TV series that narrates the destruction of Tokyo
and its neighbourhood due to a very strong earthquake (8.0 Richter degrees)
through the eyes of Mirai and Yuki, two little brothers respectively 11 and 7
years old. The events are surprisingly similar to the real ones but without
references to the tsunami and the nuclear disaster.

2. Much more realistic is Disaster Report 4 a Playstation game whose protagonist is
a reporter who have to survive to a big earthquake in the city where he is
working: buildings oscillate, fires break out everywhere and a tsunami menaces
the population. It is even more striking because it was forthcoming in those
days.
The nuclear crisis is the theme of Hakuryū Legend a manga whose main
character is the Genshiryoku Mafia (nuclear power mafia) in the middle of a saga
on the dark side of nuclear industry. In the story, the protagonists fight to avoid
very dangerous nuclear attacks with extremely serious consequences. Due to the
recent events happened in Fukushima, the authors decided to make significant
changes to the story, whose publication will continue on the weekly magazine
Nihonbungeisha.

3. From the second point of view is interesting to analyse the answer of the
mangaoka, the manga authors, to the Tokyo earthquake. They had a univocal
reaction by encouraging the readers and the inhabitants of the affected areas to
not surrender and look to the future. The message is given through the
expressions Ganbatte Kudasai!, Gambare!, Gambarimashou!, which corresponds
to ours Come on!, Good luck!, Go!
A very unusual initiative has been taken by Takehiko Inoue who posted on
Twitter a series of portrays of smiling Japanese people to give a sign of
hope to his fellow countrymen and countrywomen.

4. Another cartoonist, Yutaka Kondo, has described how she survived to the
earthquake through ironic but meaningful images.
Moreover, a group of mangaka are creating a dōjinshi, a comic magazine on the
earthquake with the intention of giving the proceeds in charity. Waiting for the
issue of the dōjinshi in May, the authors have opened a website
(koge.kokage.cc/earthquake/) to collect their works.
Finally, it is important to mention the anime by Kazuko Hachiya aimed to explain
the Fukushima accident to the children. This cartoon describes the nuclear

5. disaster from an educational point of view with a simple language but without
omitting any detail.
Standing to these first expressions of manga and anime after the earthquake, the
authors are moving towards new lighter topics to give to the readers the
possibility to create a diversion and smile in these dramatic moments. The
works addressed to the younger readers will also less emphasize violence while
children will be made aware of what is happening so that in future they will be
better prepared and will learn from this tragic experience.
It is still too early to foreseen the future the future of anime and manga but they
will have a slant completely different from the current one. They will surely
spread a new image of Japan that will give to the rest of the world the possibility
to know further aspects of this complex culture.
Mariangela Sassi
March 2011

6. disaster from an educational point of view with a simple language but without
omitting any detail.
Standing to these first expressions of manga and anime after the earthquake, the
authors are moving towards new lighter topics to give to the readers the
possibility to create a diversion and smile in these dramatic moments. The
works addressed to the younger readers will also less emphasize violence while
children will be made aware of what is happening so that in future they will be
better prepared and will learn from this tragic experience.
It is still too early to foreseen the future the future of anime and manga but they
will have a slant completely different from the current one. They will surely
spread a new image of Japan that will give to the rest of the world the possibility
to know further aspects of this complex culture.
Mariangela Sassi
March 2011