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© Lucas Wenger 2018 Welcome to Strategic Management Week 3 Chapter 2 Review Evaluating a Firm’s External Environment © Lucas Wenger 2018 What is External Environment Analysis? © Lucas Wenger 2018 The Structure-Conduct-Performance Model © Lucas Wenger 2018 Types of Competition Type Q(Firms) Product Type Barriers Perfect Competition ↑∑Firms Homogenous Products ↓Entry/Exit Cost Parity Monopolistic Competition ↑∑Firms Heterogenious Products ↓Entry/Exit Cost CA Oligopoly ↓∑Fims Homogenous Products ↑Entry/Exit Cost CA Monopoly One Firm ↑Entry/Exit Cost CA © Lucas Wenger 2018 Ethics & Strategy • Which of these types of competition is most beneficial to society (social welfare)? • What do we want? (low cost, high quality) • What about innovation • SCP – ID whether competitiveness and intervene – Flipped to learn how to gain competitive advantage – Is that good for society – How do firms create CA/EV (address consumer needs) © Lucas Wenger 2018 General Environment © Lucas Wenger 2018 Demographics & Culture • What do each of these mean? • How predictable are they? • How can they be measured? • How are they relevant to strategic management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Legal/Political & Economic Climate • What do each of these mean? • How predictable are they? • How can they be measured? • How are they relevant to strategic management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Technological Change • How predictable is this? • How can it be measured? • How is it relevant to strategic management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Major International Events • How predictable is this? • How can it be measured? • How is it relevant to strategic management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 There are two parts of the Environment: General (PEST/PESTLE/DPest) & Competitive Source: Ireland, Hitt & Hoskisson 2006 – Copyright Thompson Business & Professional Publishing Q © Lucas Wenger 2018 BUYERS Threat of new entrants MARKET COMPETITORS Bargaining power of customers SUPPLIERS SUBSTITUTES Rivalry among existing firms Bargaining power of suppliers Threat of substitute products or services Source: Porter (1980) POTENTIAL ENTRANTS The Competitive Environment of the Firm and the 5-Forces Framework P, Q © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine whether rivalry is high? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Rivalry is high when: • Industry concentration is low • Competitors are very homogeneous • Little product differentiation exists • Excess capacity and exit barriers are present • Scale economies are high and the ratio of fixed to variable costs is high © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine how high the threat of substitutability is? © Lucas Wenger 2018 The threat of substitutes is high when: • Buyers have a high propensity to substitute • The relative price and performance of substitutes is high © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine whether buyers have a high or low power? ©.
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This document discusses evaluating a company's external environment. It covers:
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External Environmental
Analysis
Learning Objectives
By the time you have completed this chapter, you should be able to do the following:
• Conduct an industry and competitive analysis and understand why it is important.
• Conduct a market analysis and understand why it is important.
• Scan the general environment for any changes or trends that might favor or adversely affect the company.
4
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CHAPTER 4Section 4.1 Industry and Competitive Analysis
Chapter Outline
4.1 Industry and Competitive Analysis
4.2 Market Analysis
4.3 Environmental-Trend Analysis
An analysis of the external environment covers the industry or segment in which the company
competes, its competitors, markets, and other relevant environmental trends and changes. The
purpose is to understand how the company’s relevant environment is changing and might change
in the future—in this sense, “relevant” means anything the company might affect or could be
affected by. Without such an understanding, doing strategic planning becom ...
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The document provides an overview of concepts for understanding market attractiveness and a company's position within an industry value chain. It includes:
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Strategic Management:Business Level Strategies, Corporate level Analysis,
Business level strategies—Porter’s framework of competitive strategies, Conditions, risks and benefits of Cost leadership, Differentiation and Focus strategies,
Strategic Analysis and choice—Corporate level analysis (BCG, GE Ninecell, Hofer’s product market evolution and Shell Directional policy Matrix)
Industry level analysis; Porter’s five forces model, Qualitative factors in strategic choice.
Industry and competitor analysis lec 5
industry, Industry Analysis, Why is Industry Analysis Important? How Industry and Firm-Level Factors Affect Performance, Techniques Available to Assess Industry Attractiveness, Studying Industry Trends
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Src TemplateStandard Recipe CardName of dish:Spanish Vegie Tray BakePortion nos.:50Ref.source:Total Cost:$252.89Portion size.:150Portion Cost:$5.06Sales Price at $20.0030%( Food Cost)Desired Sales Price$16.86Desired Food Cost %30.0%Sales Price$20.00Food Cost %25.3%CommoditiesItemSpecificationWeight kg/l/UnitCost per kg/l/UnitActual costPotatoesBrush5.625Kg$3.00Kg$16.88TomatoesRiped2.025kg$8.67kg$17.56ZuchiniCut into 4cm4.900kg$4.90kg$24.01Red OnionSliced, Round0.355kg$3.50kg$1.24Olive oilExtra virgin0.179lts$10.00lts$1.79Oregano leavesDried0.105kg$256.00kg$26.88Sweet paprika0.052kg$20.00kg$1.040.0$0.000.0$0.00GREEN OLIVE PICADA0.0$0.00Green olivesPitted, rinse0.688kg$13.04kg$8.97Smoked almondsChopped0.750kg$17.50kg$13.13Fresh parsleyFresh0.750kg$187.00kg$140.25GarlicChopped0.050kg$16.67kg$0.83Red wine vinegar0.052lts$6.00lts$0.310.0$0.000.0$0.000.0$0.000.0$0.00Total Cost$252.89Portion Cost$5.06
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SPT 208 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Overview .docx
SPT 208 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
Marketing and advertising are often used interchangeably, yet throughout this course you have learned that marketing is a much larger concept that requires a
strong understanding of consumer behavior, products and services, and often the greater economic environment. Marketing is applicable to every industry and
discipline in one way or another, but within the sport industry we have the chance to see the application of marketing concepts as if under a spotlight due to the
industry’s global reach and importance to society.
Your final project is the creation of an Opportunity and Consumer Analysis. You will select a sport team, individual, facility, or organization as the focus of your
consumer and opportunity analysis. When selecting your area of focus, think about your interests and career aspirations. As you progress through the course,
you will have the opportunity to practice the skills required for this project in several milestone activities. Your final deliverable will include a strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of your selected focus; a consumer analysis; an analysis of successful marketing and media strategies;
and a brief 1-, 3-, and 5-year plan that allows you to explain your intended use of a proven marketing strategy and various media opportunities. Please note that
your Opportunity and Consumer Analysis will be an eligible artifact to include in your program portfolio, as it will highlight your ability to recognize consumer
characteristics and opportunities for brand improvement.
The project is divided into two milestones, which will be submitted at various points throughout the course to scaffold learning and ensure quality final
submissions. These milestones will be submitted in Modules Three and Five. The final Opportunity and Consumer Analysis will be submitted in Module Seven.
This assessment addresses the following course outcomes:
• Analyze consumer behaviors for the influence of political, cultural, and social events on consumer motivation at the local, national, or international
levels within the sport industry
• Illustrate the application of key marketing strategies in successful sport-specific marketing campaigns
• Identify proven marketing strategies that can be successfully applied to specific sport marketing scenarios to attract consumers
• Compare media opportunities for successfully communicating and marketing towards specific consumers within the sport industry
Prompt
Develop a comprehensive Opportunity and Consumer Analysis. Select a sport team, individual, facility, or organization and provide a thorough analysis of the
existing marketing strategies and consumers, and determine an opportunity for greater consumer reach. Outline a brief 1-, 3-, and 5-year plan for the marketing
opportunity.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Marketing Foc.
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This document discusses strategies at the corporate and business unit levels. At the corporate level, strategies determine the mix of industries a firm operates in. Related diversification across industries that share resources performs best. Business unit strategies set missions and competitive advantages. The BCG matrix analyzes market share and industry growth to determine strategies like building, holding, harvesting or divesting business units. Porter's five forces and value chain models identify industry factors and activities that influence competitive advantage.
GETTING STARTED WITH MERGENTACCESSING MERGENT1 Go to t
GETTING STARTED WITH MERGENT
ACCESSING MERGENT
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4 Select “Business & Economics”
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RESEARCHING MERGENT
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}
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Mergent. (2017). Acadia Healthcare Company Details. Retrieved from Mergent Online database.
Mergent. (2017). Acadia Healthcare Company Financials. Retrieved from Mergent Online database.
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LIBRARY
ASHFORD UNIVERSITY
November 2017
http://writingcenter.ashford.edu/
External Environmental
Analysis
Learning Objectives
By the time you have completed this chapter, you should be able to do the following:
• Conduct an industry and competitive analysis and understand why it is important.
• Conduct a market analysis and understand why it is important.
• Scan the general environment for any changes or trends that might favor or adversely affect the company.
4
Belinda Images / SuperStock
CHAPTER 4Section 4.1 Industry and Competitive Analysis
Chapter Outline
4.1 Industry and Competitive Analysis
4.2 Market Analysis
4.3 Environmental-Trend Analysis
An analysis of the external environment covers the industry or segment in which the company
competes, its competitors, markets, and other relevant environmental trends and changes. The
purpose is to understand how the company’s relevant environment is changing and might change
in the future—in this sense, “relevant” means anything the company might affect or could be
affected by. Without such an understanding, doing strategic planning becom ...
Porter-Five-Force-Model.pptx.ppt
Michael Porter developed the Five Forces Model in 1980 to provide a new way to analyze and manage external competitive factors that influence an organization's profitability. The model examines five forces: the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers, the threat of substitutes, and the intensity of rivalry among existing competitors. Analyzing these forces helps organizations identify their competitive position in an industry and shape effective business strategies accordingly.
Porters 5 force Model.pdf
Michael Porter developed the Five Forces Model in 1980 to provide a new way to analyze and manage external competitive factors that influence an organization's profitability. The model examines five forces: the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers, the threat of substitutes, and the intensity of rivalry among existing competitors. Analyzing these forces helps organizations identify their competitive position in an industry and shape their strategy accordingly.
INDUSTRYANALYSIS.pptx
Industry analysis focuses on assessing the potential of an industry. It is important for determining if a niche identified during feasibility analysis is favorable for a new firm. Key questions to answer include whether the industry is accessible, if there are positions that avoid negative attributes, and if underserved markets exist. Both firm-level factors and industry-level factors affect performance, with 8-30% of variation attributed to industry. Techniques for assessment include studying environmental/business trends and using Porter's five forces model of threats of substitutes, new entrants, rivalry among existing firms, supplier power, and buyer power.
Handout_on_Market_Attractiveness.pdf
The document provides an overview of concepts for understanding market attractiveness and a company's position within an industry value chain. It includes:
1. An example value chain for personal computers and questions for analyzing different stages.
2. Porter's Five Forces framework and factors for identifying opportunities and constraints firms face.
3. A taxonomy of market structures ranging from perfectly competitive to winner-take-all based on returns to scale and demand drivers.
4. Frameworks for assessing a company's vantage point based on industry attractiveness and competitive position, and how scope and governance contribute to value.
BLS old.ppt
The document discusses business level strategies and integrated or hybrid strategies. It begins with recapping business level strategies which aim to improve a company's effectiveness, efficiency, quality, innovation and customer responsiveness through cost leadership, differentiation strategies, or a combination. It then discusses integrated or hybrid strategies that simultaneously pursue both cost leadership and differentiation to deliver enhanced customer benefits at a low price while achieving sufficient margins. Examples like Toyota, Canon and Honda are provided that successfully employ a hybrid strategy. The summary concludes by stating the hybrid strategy may become a new trend and further research is needed to investigate its implementation.
Competitive advantage by Porter
This document summarizes Michael Porter's five forces framework for analyzing industry competition and profitability. The five competitive forces are the threat of new entrants, power of suppliers, power of buyers, threat of substitutes, and rivalry among existing competitors. Understanding the industry structure using this framework is essential for effective strategic positioning. The analysis should quantify factors where possible, identify the most salient competitive forces, and consider how changes in one force may impact others over time. Common pitfalls include defining the industry too broadly/narrowly, focusing on fleeting factors rather than structural conditions, and using the framework to label an industry rather than guide strategic choices.
Sm module (2)
This document discusses Porter's five forces model of competitive strategy. It provides details on each of the five competitive forces: the threat of new entry, competitive rivalry, threat of substitution, bargaining power of suppliers, and bargaining power of customers. It explains how these forces shape industry competition and profitability. The document also discusses Michael Porter's development of the five forces framework and how it can be used to analyze industries and improve a firm's competitive position.
Strategic Management:Business Level Strategies, Corporate level Analysis,
Business level strategies—Porter’s framework of competitive strategies, Conditions, risks and benefits of Cost leadership, Differentiation and Focus strategies,
Strategic Analysis and choice—Corporate level analysis (BCG, GE Ninecell, Hofer’s product market evolution and Shell Directional policy Matrix)
Industry level analysis; Porter’s five forces model, Qualitative factors in strategic choice.
Industry and competitor analysis lec 5
industry, Industry Analysis, Why is Industry Analysis Important? How Industry and Firm-Level Factors Affect Performance, Techniques Available to Assess Industry Attractiveness, Studying Industry Trends
Similar to © Lucas Wenger 2018Welcome to Strategic ManagementWeek 3.docx (20)
GETTING STARTED WITH MERGENTACCESSING MERGENT1 Go to t
GETTING STARTED WITH MERGENTACCESSING MERGENT1 Go to t
Strategic Management:Business Level Strategies, Corporate level Analysis,
Strategic Management:Business Level Strategies, Corporate level Analysis,
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SPT 208 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Overview .docx
SPT 208 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
Marketing and advertising are often used interchangeably, yet throughout this course you have learned that marketing is a much larger concept that requires a
strong understanding of consumer behavior, products and services, and often the greater economic environment. Marketing is applicable to every industry and
discipline in one way or another, but within the sport industry we have the chance to see the application of marketing concepts as if under a spotlight due to the
industry’s global reach and importance to society.
Your final project is the creation of an Opportunity and Consumer Analysis. You will select a sport team, individual, facility, or organization as the focus of your
consumer and opportunity analysis. When selecting your area of focus, think about your interests and career aspirations. As you progress through the course,
you will have the opportunity to practice the skills required for this project in several milestone activities. Your final deliverable will include a strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of your selected focus; a consumer analysis; an analysis of successful marketing and media strategies;
and a brief 1-, 3-, and 5-year plan that allows you to explain your intended use of a proven marketing strategy and various media opportunities. Please note that
your Opportunity and Consumer Analysis will be an eligible artifact to include in your program portfolio, as it will highlight your ability to recognize consumer
characteristics and opportunities for brand improvement.
The project is divided into two milestones, which will be submitted at various points throughout the course to scaffold learning and ensure quality final
submissions. These milestones will be submitted in Modules Three and Five. The final Opportunity and Consumer Analysis will be submitted in Module Seven.
This assessment addresses the following course outcomes:
• Analyze consumer behaviors for the influence of political, cultural, and social events on consumer motivation at the local, national, or international
levels within the sport industry
• Illustrate the application of key marketing strategies in successful sport-specific marketing campaigns
• Identify proven marketing strategies that can be successfully applied to specific sport marketing scenarios to attract consumers
• Compare media opportunities for successfully communicating and marketing towards specific consumers within the sport industry
Prompt
Develop a comprehensive Opportunity and Consumer Analysis. Select a sport team, individual, facility, or organization and provide a thorough analysis of the
existing marketing strategies and consumers, and determine an opportunity for greater consumer reach. Outline a brief 1-, 3-, and 5-year plan for the marketing
opportunity.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Marketing Foc.
Ssalinas_ThreeMountainsRegionalHospitalCodeofEthics73119.docxR.docx
Ssalinas_ThreeMountainsRegionalHospitalCodeofEthics73119.docx
Running head: CODE OF ETHICS 1
CODE OF ETHICS 4
Three Mountains Regional Hospital Code of Ethics
Sharlene Salinas
Professor Bradshaw
HSA4210
July 31, 2019
Three Mountains Regional Hospital Code of Ethics
Progressive developments in science and technology in the 20th century contributed to advances in healthcare and medicine that have helped many lives. Healthcare professionals are confronted with ethical dilemmas and moral questions as the context in which healthcare is provided keeps on changing. Healthcare specialists are required to be dedicated to excellence within their professional practice of promoting community, organizational, family, and individual health. Healthcare code of ethics provides a platform for shared professional values (Wocial & Tarzian, 2015). It is the responsibility of healthcare specialists to reach the best possible standards of conduct and to encourage these ethical practices to those with whom they work together. Healthcare professionals are facing challenges as the context in which healthcare is provided keeps on changing.
The Three Mountains Regional Hospital code of ethics will clarify the roles and responsibilities within the healthcare profession. The code of ethics will also guide the healthcare professionals on addressing common ethical questions. With 15,000 admissions annually, the Three Mountains Regional Hospital requires a code of ethics that will guide the healthcare professionals in the hospital in dealing with such a capacity. Healthcare professionals from the hospital will be defined by their purpose but not their job description (Turner & Epstein, 2015). The proposed code of ethics will inform individual decision-making when faced with ethical situations within a given relationship or role at the Three Mountains Regional Hospital.
Ethics are an essential part of healthcare, and they should provide value in practical situations. The proposed code of ethics will provide a structure and shape to the Three Mountains Regional Hospital’s environment and summarize the healthcare organization’s ethical position. The code of ethics will describe the ethical attitude shared by healthcare workers at Three Mountains Regional Hospital, and it will be valuable and influential on the success of the healthcare organization. The mission of the code of ethics is to guide the hospital is leading the way to a healthier community through the provision of quality care.
Code of Ethics
· Uphold the policies of the Three Mountains Regional Hospital (Merry & Walton, 2017).
· Protect the intellectual, physical, and electronic property of the hospital (Hoppe & Lenk, 2016).
· Promote a healthy, secure, and safe working environment (Merry & Walton, 2017).
· Act responsibly and honestly by avoiding perceived or actual conflicts of interest (Merry & Walton, 2017).
· Protect and respect the privacy and confidentiality of all individuals and informat.
Spring 2020Professor Tim SmithE mail [email protected]Teach.docx
Spring 2020
Professor: Tim Smith E mail: [email protected]
Teaching Assistant: Ray Kim E mail [email protected]
Office hours: PLF South 113 TBA
EVOLUTION OF ROCK
MCY 127
Course Description:
This general education course is a study of the birth and evolution of the music form of Rock and Roll. It is a study of both the historical and musical elements of rock with a focus on the performers and the songs in the genre. Some of the objectives for this course include:
Increasing awareness of the wide range of musical styles that “add up” to form rock
Provide insight on the cultural evolution of rock and how it applies to society
Study how technological advances have influenced both the performers and composers in rock
Prerequsites:
None
Required text:
None
Required listening: Spotify playlist MCY127TS
Course Requirements and Grading:
Test 1 20%
Midterm exam 25%
Test 3 20%
Final exam 25%
Essay on live musical performance 10%
Essay assignment will consist of attending a live musical performance at the Frost School of Music (or approved off campus performance). At the conclusion of the performance, you will obtain signatures of two or more participants. You will compose an essay that will summarize the performance (ensemble, repertoire, etc.). You will compare and/or contrast the performance with details we have studied in class. The essay should be two to three pages long, computer printed, double spaced, and stapled. It will be due on Thursday, November 19.
Conduct and rules:
Rock and roll is a joyous art form. I intend for the class to be a fun and learning environment. I hope to engage you as adults, not as adolescents. However, inappropriate language or behavior to one another will not be tolerated, and will result in the student facing disciplinary action and potential removal from the class. You are adults. I am not your baby-sitter. If you fail to attend class regularly, you will find it much more difficult to excel in the course. SHOW UP AND PAY ATTENTION! It will make your life easier in the long run. Plagiarism on your essay will not be acceptable, and will result in the loss of 10% of your final grade. Cheating is rampant. While I will make every effort to curb the options students might have to copy one another on tests, I can’t stop it completely. I will have assistance from the Honor Council on test days, and cheating will result in a zero on that test. None of you can afford this. I truly believe that if you will engage the material, come to the lectures, and actively listen to the required listening material, you will not find a need to cheat.
If you are feeling overwhelmed by any of the material, please make an appointment to meet with me during office hours.
Lectures and listening:
Each class will consist of a lecture and a period of listening to music appropriate to that lecture. The music played in class will be made available to you through Blackboard in addition. You will be responsible for the material presented.
Spring 2020 – Business Continuity & Disaster R.docx
Spring 2020 – Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery Planning (ISOL-632-50)
Incident Management
S no
Disaster Type
Plans & Precautions
Initial Action
Stabilization Strategy
1
Thunderstorm
2
Floods
3
Tornadoes
4
Severe weather such as blizzard
5
Hurricanes
6
Explosion such as bomb threats
.
Sports Business Landscape Graphic OrganizerContent.docx
This document outlines key aspects of careers in the sports business industry including content providers, distribution channels, goods and service providers, common job titles, typical training and education requirements, standard job roles and responsibilities, average salary outlooks, current job availability in various locations, and overall job outlooks along with potential pros and cons of different positions.
Spring 2020Carlow University Department of Psychology & Co.docx
Spring 2020
Carlow University
Department of Psychology & Counseling
Professional Counseling Program
LGBT Lives Cultures & Theories
PRC-742-G1, PY-235-DA, WS-237-DA
3 Credits; No Prerequisites
Course Syllabus- Spring 2020
Wednesday’s 6:00pm-8:30pm
Instructor: Michelle Colarusso, Ph.D., LPC, NCC Office: TBD
Cell phone: 724-396-9769 E-mail: [email protected]
Office hours: By appointment only Location: Antonian Hall 403
Carlow's Mission Statement
The mission of Carlow University, a Catholic liberal arts university, is to involve persons, primarily women, in a process of self-directed, lifelong learning which will free them to think clearly and creatively, to discover and to challenge or affirm cultural and aesthetic values, to respond reverently and sensitively to God and others, and to render competent and compassionate service in personal and professional life.
Course Description
This course will address issues related to counseling gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender clients. These include issues of sexual identity development, coming out, homophobia and heterosexism, family and relationship issues, multicultural issues, youth, aging, spirituality, HIV/AIDS, and substance abuse as well as ethical and professional issues in working with gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender clients through affirmative counseling/therapy.
Learning Outcomes and Assessment
What students will learn
How students will learn it
How students will demonstrate learning
Impact dominant culture has on LGBT individuals
Readings, Experiential Activities, Class Discussions
Class Participation, Reflection Journals, Exam
Multifaceted issues facing specific LGBT populations
Readings, Experiential Activities, Class Discussions
Class Participation, Reflection Journals, Exam
Familiarize themselves with theories of identity development
Readings, Experiential Activities, Class Discussions
Class Participation, Reflection Journals, Exam
Affirmative counseling/therapy and their knowledge and skill in providing it.
Readings, Experiential Activities, Class Discussions
Class Participation, Reflection Journals, Exam
Variety of counseling issues that have particular relevance to LGBT clients.
Readings, Experiential Activities, Class Discussions
Class Participation, Reflection Journals, Exam
Access to local and national resources available to assist in work with LGBT clients.
Readings, Experiential Activities, Class Discussions
Class Participation, Reflection Journals, Exam
Course Requirements and Resources
Methods of Involvement & Examination
Methods of Instruction
Classes will consist of didactic and experiential elements, including lectures, large and small group discussions, modeling, structured role-plays and simulations, live or video demonstrations, and student presentations in class and on CelticOnline/Schoolology. Primary methods include lecture/discussion, readings, and a variety of experiential exercises. Students will immurse themselves into the LGBTQ Cul.
SPOTLIGHT ON STRATEGY FOR TURBULENT TIMESSpotlight ARTWORK.docx
SPOTLIGHT ON STRATEGY FOR TURBULENT TIMES
Spotlight ARTWORK Tara DonovanUntitled, 2008, polyester film
HBR.ORG
What Is
the Theory
f ̂ Fiof
y
Firm?
Focus less on competitive advantage and more on growth
that creates value, by Todd Zenger
f asked to define strategy, most execu-
tives would probably come up with
something like this: Strategy involves
discovering and targeting attractive
markets and then crafting positions that
deliver sustained competitive advan-
tage in them. Companies achieve these
positions by configuring and arranging
resources and activities to provide either
unique value to customers or common
value at a uniquely low cost. This view of strategy as
position remains central in business school curricula
around the globe: Valuable positions, protected from
imitation and appropriation, provide sustained profit
streams.
Unfortunately, investors don't reward senior
managers for simply occupying and defending po-
sitions. Equity markets are full of companies with
powerful positions and sluggish stock prices. The
retail giant Walmart is a case in point. Few people
would dispute that it remains a remarkable firm. Its
early focus on building a regionally dense network
of stores in small towns delivered a strong positional
advantage. Complementary choices regarding ad-
vertising, pricing, and information technology all
continue to support its low-cost and flexibly mer-
chandised stores.
Despite this strong position and a successful stra-
tegic rollout, Walmart's equity price has seen little
growth for most of the past 12 or 13 years. That's be-
cause the ongoing rollout was anticipated long ago,
and investors seek evidence of newly discovered
value—value of compounding magnitude. Merely
sustaining prior financial returns, even if they are
outstanding, does not significantly increase share
price; tomorrow's positive surprises must be worth
more than yesterday's.
Not surprisingly, I consistently advise MBA stu-
dents that if they're confronted with a choice be-
tween leading a poorly run company and leading a
well-run one, they should choose the former. Imag-
ine assuming the reins of GE from Jack Welch in Sep-
tember 2001 with shareholders' having enjoyed a 40-
fold increase in value over the prior two decades. The
expectations baked into the share price of a company
like that are daunting, to say the least.
To make matters worse, attempts to grow often
undermine a company's current market position.
As Michael Porter, the leading proponent of strat-
egy as positioning, has argued, "Efforts to grow blur
June 2013 Harvard Business Review 73
SPOTLIGHT ON STRATEGY FOR TURBULENT TIMES
uniqueness, create compromises, reduce fit, and
ultimately undermine competitive advantage. In
fact, the growth imperative is hazardous to strategy."
Quite simply, the logic of this perspective not only
provides little guidance about how to sustain value
creation but also discourages growth that might in
einy way move a compeiny away from i.
Sport Ticket sales staff trainingChapter 4Sales .docx
Sport Ticket sales staff training
Chapter 4
Sales Staff
Developed not born
Skill set of a seller
Different to skill set of a manager
Sales process
Develop lifelong relationship with purchaser
Best source of increasing business
Upselling
Referrals
Sales Department
Recruit
Train
Develop
Motivate
Retain
Recommendations
Balance in house and outsourced
Communication between sales manager and sales staff
Success celebrations
Gather feedback from sales staff
Recruiting/Hiring
Personality, creativity (intangibles)
Fit with organization
Dress for success (opportunity taken seriously)
Positive attitude
Welcoming personality
Poised/confident (not over confident)
Initiative (carry conversation)
Energy, enthusiasm, commitment
Sales positions
10-20 inside sales staff
Supervisor to staff ratio 1:8
Annual training
New employee training (1 week to 1 month)
Ideal structure
8-16 Part-time
2 ½ months than ready to replace nonperforming FT
6-8 full time season ticket dedicated
3-6 full time group sales dedicated
Self-training
One book per month, mentor, seminars, practice
Sales Culture
Desired outcomes
Effectiveness
Productivity
Stability
Long term growth
Created by the sales manager (leadership)
Orlando Magic three A’s
Action
Visible displays
Find needs, wants, desires of employees
Reward accomplishments
Attitude
Believe in sales staff
Atmosphere
Visible signs of success
gong
Retaining/Motivating
Database management
Lead distribution
Reporting
Evaluation
Satisfy need of employees first
Better able to meet customer needs
Achieve organizational goals
Four types of sales employees
Competitor
Rivalries, win contests
It’s All About me
Recognized as best
Achiever Team Builder
Recognition of achievements, group success
Empathetic Seller
Cultivate relationships, not volume producers
Sales Career
Exploration
Establishment
Maintenance
Disengagement
Employee rate feeling appreciated and informed as top want
Sport Consumer Incentivization
Chapter 3
Incentives
Depend on consumption motives
Items of perceived value that add to offer
Overcome indifference or resistance
Later stage of buying/communication process
Price based incentives
Discounting core product damaging
Contingency based
Consumer action (provide info, prior purchase, etc) prior to price reduction
Attract infrequent customers
8% increase in attendance (top 10, 2004)
“cherry pickers” – only attend with promotion
MLB
14% increase, 2% watering down effect, more is better, weekdays (vs. high attendance – max total entertainment value)
Incentives continued
Rule changes, star players (consumption incentive)
Place based incentives
26 fundamental motives for sport consumption
Primary motives
Achievement
Ordinary runners (sense of accomplishment)
Perfect attendance
Vicarious achievement (enhance self esteem through success of athlete)
Sponsors – increased sales volume, exposure
Craft
Developing or observing physical skill
Winning record – highest predictor of attendance/s.
SPOTLIGHT ARTWORK Do Ho Suh, Floor, 1997–2000, PVC figures, gl.docx
SPOTLIGHT ARTWORK Do Ho Suh, Floor, 1997–2000, PVC figures, glass plates, phenolic sheets, polyurethane resin; modules 100 x 100 x 8 cm
Installation view at Lehmann Maupin Gallery, New York
Why We Love
to Hate HR
...and What HR
Can Do About It
by Peter Cappelli
SPOTLIGHT ON RETHINKING HUMAN RESOURCES
Peter Cappelli is a
professor of management
at the Wharton School and
the author of several books,
including Will College
Pay Off? A Guide to the
Most Important Financial
Decision You’ll Ever Make
(PublicAffairs, 2015).
HBR.ORG
July–August 2015 Harvard Business Review 55
These feelings aren’t new. They’ve erupted now
and in the past because we don’t like being told how
to behave—and no other group in organizational life,
not even finance, bosses us around as systematically
as HR does. We get defensive when we’re instructed
to change how we interact with people, especially
those who report to us, because that goes right to the
core of who we are. What’s more, HR makes us per-
form tasks we dislike, such as documenting problems
with employees. And it prevents us from doing what
we want, such as hiring someone we “just know” is
a good fit. Its directives affect every person in the
organization, right up to the top, every single day.
The complaints also have a cyclical quality—
they’re driven largely by the business context. Usu-
ally when companies are struggling with labor issues,
HR is seen as a valued leadership partner. When
things are going more smoothly all around, manag-
ers tend to think, “What’s HR doing for us, anyway?”
This doesn’t mean that HR is above reproach.
Quite the contrary: It has plenty of room to improve,
and this is a moment of enormous opportunity. Little
has been done in the past few decades to examine the
value of widely used practices that are central to how
companies operate. By separating the effective from
the worthless, HR leaders can secure huge payoffs for
their organizations. But it’s important to understand
HR’s tumultuous history with business leaders and
the economy before turning our attention to what the
function should be doing now and in the future.
The “Personnel” Pendulum
How top executives feel about HR pretty reliably re-
flects what’s going on in the U.S. economy. When the
economy is down and the labor market is slack, they
see HR as a nuisance. But sentiments change when
labor tightens up and HR practices become essential
to companies’ immediate success.
Think back to the Great Depression. People would
put up with nearly anything to stay employed. Line
managers complained that personnel departments
were getting in the way of better performance, which
they thought could be achieved with the “drive” sys-
tem: threatening workers and sometimes even hit-
ting them if they failed to measure up.
Similarly, business leaders didn’t put a lot of
stock in HR during the 2001 and 2008 recessions, be-
cause employees—keenly aware of how replaceable
th.
Sponsorship Works 2018 8PROJECT DETAILSSponsorship tit.docx
Sponsorship Works 2018 8
PROJECT DETAILS
Sponsorship title:
Audi Cup
Duration of sponsorship:
2009-present
Case study entered by:
Audi AG
Sponsor’s industry sector:
Automotive
Rights-holder:
Audi AG (Ownership Platform)
Agency:
brands and emotions GmbH
– Lead Agency, Audi Cup
Other organisations involved in the
planning, activation or evaluation:
FC Bayern Munich;
Several service providers (including event
agency, TV commercialisation,
TV production, etc.).
Campaign summary
Launched in 2009, the year of Audi’s 100th anniversary,
the Audi Cup is a pre-seasonal worldwide football
tournament. Leading teams including FC Barcelona,
Real Madrid and Manchester United meet in Munich
for the biennial Audi Cup during the summer break in
football.
The event is an owned and mainly refinanced
platform by Audi with a strong international media
presence, achieving around 2.5 billion consumer
contacts across television and online media at each
tournament in around 200 countries. With cutting-edge
technologies as an integral part of its staging and
coverage, the event provides a global opportunity to
highlight Audi’s “Vorsprung durch Technik” values.
Planning
Business needs
The Audi Cup provides an ideal platform to present
a strong, resonating connection between top-level
international football and the brand’s “Vorsprung
durch Technik” positioning. Audi has been involved in
international football for over 14 years and the launch
of the Audi Cup in 2009 established a new benchmark
in proprietary sports marketing, creating a whole new
way for Audi to implement its own rights in a highly
controlled and targeted manner.
Taking a “high-tech” approach to the world of
football broadcasting and marketing, the Audi Cup
meets the clear business need for Audi to demonstrate
Audi and the Audi Cup
A u d i a n d t h e A u d i C u p
Sponsorship Works 2018 9
A u d i a n d t h e A u d i C u p
and underpin its core brand proposition as a highly
innovative, technologically advanced automotive
company.
The development and implementation of tools
including the first ever implementation of digital overlay
of led boards in live broadcasting and the first ever live
holographic press conference in sport, a dedicated
chatbot and Alexa Skill and the Audi Player Index, not
only underline Audi’s status as a “high-tech” brand but
genuinely enhance enjoyment of the tournament for
fans, building a truly relevant connection.
Sponsorship selection
Audi’s long association with football, with its focus on
high-profile, global clubs, saw the brand develop from
a classic sponsor to an owner and organiser of various
leading platforms in its own right – the Audi Cup, Audi
Summer Tour and Audi Football Summit. With these
properties and its year-round association with the
game, Audi set itself the goal of elevating its successful
sponsorships into full ownership; Audi shifted from a
host or a marque associated with the.
SPM 4723 Annotated Bibliography You second major proje.docx
SPM 4723
Annotated Bibliography
You second major project for the course will be an annotated bibliography. Instead of writing a
paper, an annotated bibliography requires you to research a particular legal topic or question, of
your choosing, in sports and find academic and law review articles that address that topic. You
will develop a question about a legal topic in sports and find seven law review articles to
summarize. Each article summary should be 300-350 words in length and should both explain
the contents of the article and its relevance to your question or topic. The summaries should be
written in your own words. You are required to select law review articles using LexisNexis. The
format for the annotated bibliography is explained below.
Please put your topic as the title for your paper. Next, each annotation should begin with the
APA citation for the article in bold print (do not include web links), followed by a summary of
the article (300-350 words) explaining how it addresses your question. The complete annotated
bibliography should be double-spaced, 12pt Times New Roman font with one-inch margins. You
will be submitting it through Turnitin via Canvas, do not include your name, course number,
date or UFID on your annotated bibliography (similar to the case briefs). You should start each
annotation on a separate page, and please remember to begin each annotation with the APA
citation for the article as instructed above. This assignment is due on Wednesday, April 22nd.
1.Which of the following is not a key component of the conceptual framework of accounting?
Select one:
a. internal users
b. the objective of financial reporting
c. cost constraint on useful financial reporting
d. elements of the financial statements
2.The balance sheet and income statement for Joe's Fish Hut are presented below:
Joe's Fish Hut
Balance Sheet
As at December 31
2016
2015
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash
$180,623
$60,300
Accounts receivable
$18,900
$14,200
Inventory
$23,600
$25,300
Total Current Assets
$223,123
$99,800
Property, plant & equipment
$129,000
$184,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation
$-26,900
$-21,600
TOTAL ASSETS
$325,223
$262,200
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable
$28,000
$41,800
Current portion of bank loan
$9,500
$9,500
Total Current Liabilities
$37,500
$51,300
Non-current portion of bank loan
$71,000
$42,000
TOTAL LIABILITIES
$108,500
$93,300
Shareholders' Equity
Common shares
$80,000
$54,400
Retained earnings
$136,723
$114,500
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
$216,723
$168,900
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
$325,223
$262,200
Joe's Fish Hut
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Sales
$137,000
COGS
$83,200
Gross Profit
$53,800
Operating Expenses
Insurance Expense
$1,600
Rent Expense
$5,380
Salaries Expense
$5,150
Telephone Expense
$840
Interest Expense
$1,340
Depreciation Expense
$5,300
Total Operating Expenses
$19,610
Operating Profit Before .
Speech Environment and Recording Requirements• You must have a.docx
Speech Environment and Recording Requirements
• You must have an audience of at least 5 adults 18 years or older for all speeches. The audience must be live and in person, that is, physically present. Virtual attendance is not permitted. Your video recording must show the 5 individuals sitting as ENGAGED audience members. The audience should be visible before, during, and after the speech and you should be facing your audience. The camera should be placed behind your audience.
• You are required to record and post all 3 speeches in order to earn a passing grade in this course.
• The video must be of a high enough quality that the instructor is able to see your full facial expressions and gestures. Your instructor will need to be able to hear your voice very clearly. You risk a failing grade if your instructor is not able to discern facial expressions or subtle changes of vocal intonation on the recording.
• Be sure to record your presentation from head to toe. Your instructor needs to be able to see your posture and other elements.
• Be certain to record your video in landscape (wide), not portrait (tall).
• You may not stop the recording and re-record a section of your speech. What you
submit must be a complete presentation from start to finish with NO EDITING. You could record your speech a few times and then pick the best presentation to send. Just make sure you only submit one copy of your best speech.
• You will upload your speech following the YouTube directions and proper privacy guidelines. Speech capture directions and instructions are in Module 1 of the Blackboard online classroom.
• Be certain to provide a video link to your speech that is available for your instructor and college administrators to view without requiring passwords or special permissions. Submitting a link that does not immediately provide this access results in a failing grade for your speech and could result in a failing grade for the course. You cannot use Google Hangouts or other mediated communication in place of a live audience. Your live audience must be physically present at the location you deliver your speech.
• Any attempt to circumvent live speech audience requirements perceived by your instructor as deceptive, dishonest or otherwise disingenuous results in a zero for your speech with no opportunity to make it up and may result in a failing grade in the course and referral to the appropriate FSCJ administrative official for academic dishonesty.
• The video link (URL) you provide for your speech must remain posted, active and viewable until 14 calendar days following the official scheduled end of the semester, according to the official FSCJ academic calendar. Removing your speech from the URL or link you provide automatically reverts any score you have to a zero and will result in a failing grade for the course.
• Attempts to work around presenting in front of a live audience are considered academic dishonesty.
• Posting your speech on a screen or readin.
Sped4 Interview 2.10.17 Audio.m4aJodee [000008] And we are .docx
Sped4 Interview 2.10.17 Audio.m4a
Jodee: [00:00:08] And we are looking at the collaborative process between secondary special ed teachers and transitioning and transition specialists when transitioning students with autism spectrum disorder or other disabilities from secondary to higher. OK so the first question is is describe the condition process as you understand it from the guidelines of the secondary transition plan.
Sped4: [00:00:52] OK. So first thing is a series of assessments that are appropriate for assessing it can include you know obviously interviewing the teacher not not the teacher the student and then sometimes parents are involved in that process. Then there's other batteries of tests. Things like the couter doing AZCIS things other interests inventories and things of that nature to get that. Looking at transcripts students grades grade reports in those things and taking those all that data and that assessment information and looking at that.That's my understanding and interpretation and kind of what I do.
Jodee: [00:01:46] So you know it's the responsibility of the secondary teacher special ed teacher as the case manager to interview the students. And you know one of the big pieces that we look at is the age appropriate goals. You know if you've got a student who is who is autistic academically They're very bright. They can do the work but they have absolutely zero social skills. And they want you maybe studied to be. They want to go into broadcast journalism or something along those lines. So it's like having you determined you know is it like a collaborative effort. You determine and work with the other person you know because sometimes you have to be that person and say yes might not be the best fit for you. How does that kind of playing into things.
Sped4: [00:02:51] I don't know like I don't mind doing that or being the one.
Sped4: [00:02:58] I haven't run into that exact situation but I have other situations where students wanted to go straight to university from high school and just had these visions of grandeur. But their GPA would not allow for that or they had other deficiencies and things of that nature. And so it's just it's sometimes it's like literally printing out the requirement and showing them just saying you know these aren't going to work. It's not a possibility. However it doesn't mean that you can't go on to higher education. And just providing them alternative routes like one if there is enough time if there for example is there a sophomore or a junior. You know we look at like Well is there enough time to get rid of these deficiencies. Can you take some of these courses. Can you do that to get your GPA up to get rid of the deficiencies et cetera. Is that feasible. Is that feasible with money or mom is mom and dad going to pay for that you know. And is there enough time or looking. OK well if that's not an option then community college is not necessarily a bad thing to do it right. When did yo.
Speech Recognition in the Electronic Health Record (2013 u.docx
Speech Recognition in the Electronic Health
Record (2013 update)
Introduction
Many technologies exist to assist with better clinical documentation and speech recognition technology (SRT) is one
solution. Since SRT uses mathematic probabilities, the technology can be complicated. The goals of its use in
healthcare today, however, are clear: Increase productivity, decrease costs, and improve documentation while
placing it closest to the point of care.
This practice brief focuses on increasing the understanding of how speech recognition works by highlighting the
driving forces that are shaping current and future applications of this technology and its associated benefits and risks.
This practice brief also provides tools including illustrated work flow, tasks and skills, and best practices to assist in
efficient and effective application of SRT for day-to-day operations.
Driving Forces
Payment reform. Quality measures. Meaningful use. EHR adoption. Transition to ICD-10-CM/PCS. Health
information exchange. Consumer engagement. Personal health records and patient portals. What do these areas have
in common? They all point to the increasing need for accurate, complete, and accessible data in an environment that
requires real-time documentation.
Documentation should improve the quality of the patient encounter and create efficiencies.
In the past, handwriting provided an immediate record of care. Legibility came to the forefront as an issue and
documentation was often not as comprehensive when compared to a well-constructed dictated note. Today, speech
recognition or speech-to-text is used in conjunction with the EHR and is considered a viable option in the face of the
growing demand for near-real-time data.
Front-end speech recognition (FESR) and back-end speech recognition (BESR) technologies can help in the
production of legible and comprehensive document(s). It also serves as a productivity tool to help lower costs and
increase productivity, especially when compared to the manual labor required by traditional dictation and
transcription.
Emerging Roles
In 2012, The Association for Healthcare Documentation Integrity (AHDI) coined the term "healthcare
documentation specialist (HDS)," which they define as "an umbrella term that includes medical transcriptionists,
speech recognition editors and QA specialists."1
For the purposes of this practice brief, the term "HDS" will be used when referring to this role. Visit AHDI's website
for more information on the role of the HDS (www.ahdi.org).
Copyright © 2013 by The American Health Information Management Association. All Rights Reserved.
http://www.ahima.org/copyright
The use of medical scribes is increasing in various healthcare settings due to growing EHR implementations and the
need for timely, detailed point-of-care documentation.
There are distinct differences between HDS and scribes. HDS professionals work in a "one-way process" while
scri.
Sped Focus Group.m4aJodee [000001] This is a focus group wi.docx
Sped Focus Group.m4a
Jodee: [00:00:01] This is a focus group with the secondary special education teachers. So anybody feel free to chime in and we just talked about the secondary transition plan and theoretical principles of Situation and support. So the first question is How does political correctness influence transition process. So think about some of the terminology that's changed. For example we don't refer to kids with cognitive impairment as being mentally retarded. So how does that PC influence the transition process. And anybody can feel free to speak up if they would like.
TS5: [00:00:49] Well I guess I'll start because I'm probably the least politically correct person around. I think you make an example of the fact of you know you know with. What you can and cannot say Well not everybody is up to date on the current lingo and everybody apparently might may be in denial about where their child is at cognitively when using certain terms they may expect more from their or their child than they're actually capable because we're not using terms of people understand or that people use. Obviously I'm not talking about in a hurtful way but you know I mean I have a student now that he's I guess they went out of their way to label him. You know he has a label of autism. But I keep telling these people on my autism is not his problem his cognitive is his problem as long as that IEP keeps talking about autism then that seems to be the direction of where they want to go with the services. And and I keep saying that autism is not the problem. So that's just my 2 cents on.
Jodee: [00:02:12] How has that worked so far just to kind of pair off your response on that TS5 how has it like you're able to see that it's not the Autism that's a problem. How do you stear that to the correct path and have deal with this and what the kid is capable of doing regarding transition.
Sped5: [00:02:34] Well I was fortunate in this area where I think it was an issue of the mom was in denial that it wasn't all the other teachers were like no. This is what this is what he needs. You know because of the IEP I'm trying to get him. You know support all the time and it's just a matter of when they look at the IEP and says why is it that it will be this and this and I'm like I didn't write the IEPP I didn't put down autism. I'll just tell you what I see now what I have and that's what it is. And so it wasn't until at an an IEP meeting that the other teachers who see them every day too are like no this is where he's at. He needs the support he needs this because of x y z. So you know that's just for example.
Jodee: [00:03:25] Okay TS7 I'm going to kind of put you on the spot on for a minute when we talked a couple of days ago about that one student what were some of the things that you might have encountered in working with the parents on regarding transitioning him. And you know just to give a bit with a bit of background history it was a young man diagnosed with.
Specialized Terms 20.0 Definitions and examples of specialized.docx
Specialized Terms
20.0
Definitions and examples of specialized terms for adaptive behavior assessments including content and statistical terms are proficient.
Limitations of Standardized Assessments
20.0
Substantial explanation of at least two limitations of standardized assessments is provided.
Consultative Role of Special Education Teacher
20.0
The description of consultative role of the special education teacher in helping parents/ guardians understand the process of assessments and terminology is expertly addressed.
Aesthetic Quality
5.0
Design is pleasing. Skillful handling of color, text and visuals creates a distinctive and effective presentation. Overall, effective and functional audio, text, or visuals are evident.
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)
5.0
Submission is virtually free of mechanical errors.
Organization
5.0
The content is well-organized and logical. There is a sequential progression of ideas that relate to each other. The content is presented as a cohesive unit and provides the audience with a clear sense of the main idea.
Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)
5.0
Sources are documented completely and correctly, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.
Total Percentage
100
.
Special notes Media and the media are plural and take plural verb.docx
Special notes: Media and the media are plural and take plural verbs. The use of personal pronouns "we" and "you" are unacceptable in academic writing except when otherwise indicated. The use of the first person "I" is not called for in this assignment.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you answer the following questions:
· What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media during the last 120 years or so? Discuss at least five forms of major mass media in order of development. Choose from movies, recorded music, radio, television, video games, internet streaming, and social media. Newspapers may be included but only those developments in the last 120 years or so. We are not requesting the history of mass media, mass media developments before 1900, and identification of communications devices that are person to person and not mass media such as the telegraph and telephone.
· What innovations did each provide to consumers (what was new about them)? How did each medium change the lives and behavior of people after its introduction?
· What is meant by the term media convergence, and how has it affected everyday life?
· Conclude with a reflection on why media literacy is important for responsible media consumption today.
Format your essay according to appropriate course-level APA guidelines. Spelling and grammar check your work.
Note: your first paper will be annotated with regard to formatting, spelling, grammar, and usage, for which you will not be penalized, but you are responsible for applying these notes to subsequent assignments.
.
SPECIAL ISSUE ON POLITICAL VIOLENCEResearch on Social Move.docx
SPECIAL ISSUE ON POLITICAL VIOLENCE
Research on Social Movements and Political Violence
Donatella della Porta
Published online: 15 July 2008
# Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2008
Abstract Attention to extreme forms of political violence in the social sciences has been
episodic, and studies of different forms of political violence have followed different
approaches, with “breakdown” theories mostly used for the analysis of right-wing radicalism,
social movement theories sometimes adapted to research on left-wing radical groups, and
area study specialists focusing on ethnic and religious forms. Some of the studies on extreme
forms of political violence that have emerged within the social movement tradition have
nevertheless been able to trace processes of conflict escalation through the detailed exam-
ination of historical cases. This article assesses some of the knowledge acquired in previous
research approaching issues of political violence from the social movement perspective, as
well as the challenges coming from new waves of debate on terrorist and counterterrorist
action and discourses. In doing this, the article reviews contributions coming from research
looking at violence as escalation of action repertoires within protest cycles; political
opportunity and the state in escalation processes; resource mobilization and violent
organizations; narratives of violence; and militant constructions of external reality.
Keywords Political violence . Social movements
Attention to extreme forms of political violence in the social sciences has been episodic, with
some peaks in periods of high visibility of terrorist attacks, but little accumulation of results.
There are several reasons for this. First, some of the research has been considered to be more
oriented towards developing antiterrorist policies than to a social science understanding of the
phenomenon. In fact, “many who have written about terrorism have been directly or indirectly
involved in the business of counterterrorism, and their vision has been narrowed and distorted
by the search for effective responses to terrorism…. [S]ocial movement scholars, with very few
exceptions, have said little about terrorism” (Goodwin 2004, p. 259). Second, studies of
different forms of political violence have followed different approaches, with “breakdown”
theories mostly used for the analysis of right-wing radicalism, social movement theories
sometimes adapted to research on left-wing radical groups, and area study specialists focusing
on ethnic and religious forms. Third, and most fundamentally, there has been a tendency to reify
Qual Sociol (2008) 31:221–230
DOI 10.1007/s11133-008-9109-x
D. della Porta (*)
Department of Political and Social Sciences, European University Institute,
Badia Fiesolana, Via dei Roccettini 9, 50016 San Domenico di Fiesole Firenze, Italy
e-mail: [email protected]
definitions of terrorism on the basis of political actors’ decisions to use violence (Tilly 200.
SPECIAL ISSUE CRITICAL REALISM IN IS RESEARCHCRITICAL RE.docx
This document provides an introduction to critical realism as a philosophy and framework for information systems research. It discusses the key concepts of critical realism such as the ontological view that an objective reality exists independently of our knowledge, and the stratified view of reality consisting of the real, actual, and empirical domains. Critical realism supports methodological pluralism using a variety of quantitative and qualitative methods to study different types of objects. The document also discusses how critical realism has been applied in social science research, focusing on the work of Margaret Archer and Tony Lawson in developing critical realist approaches within their fields.
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© Lucas Wenger 2018Welcome to Strategic ManagementWeek 3.docx
- 1. © Lucas Wenger 2018 Welcome to Strategic Management Week 3 Chapter 2 Review Evaluating a Firm’s External Environment © Lucas Wenger 2018 What is External Environment Analysis? © Lucas Wenger 2018 The Structure-Conduct-Performance Model © Lucas Wenger 2018 Types of Competition Type Q(Firms) Product Type Barriers Perfect Competition ↑∑Firms
- 2. Homogenous Products ↓Entry/Exit Cost Parity Monopolistic Competition ↑∑Firms Heterogenious Products ↓Entry/Exit Cost CA Oligopoly ↓∑Fims Homogenous Products ↑Entry/Exit Cost CA Monopoly One Firm ↑Entry/Exit Cost CA © Lucas Wenger 2018 Ethics & Strategy • Which of these types of competition is most beneficial to society (social welfare)? • What do we want? (low cost, high quality) • What about innovation
- 3. • SCP – ID whether competitiveness and intervene – Flipped to learn how to gain competitive advantage – Is that good for society – How do firms create CA/EV (address consumer needs) © Lucas Wenger 2018 General Environment © Lucas Wenger 2018 Demographics & Culture • What do each of these mean? • How predictable are they? • How can they be measured? • How are they relevant to strategic management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Legal/Political & Economic Climate • What do each of these mean? • How predictable are they? • How can they be measured? • How are they relevant to strategic
- 4. management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Technological Change • How predictable is this? • How can it be measured? • How is it relevant to strategic management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Major International Events • How predictable is this? • How can it be measured? • How is it relevant to strategic management? © Lucas Wenger 2018 There are two parts of the Environment: General (PEST/PESTLE/DPest) & Competitive Source: Ireland, Hitt & Hoskisson 2006 – Copyright Thompson Business & Professional Publishing Q
- 5. © Lucas Wenger 2018 BUYERS Threat of new entrants MARKET COMPETITORS Bargaining power of customers SUPPLIERS SUBSTITUTES Rivalry among existing firms Bargaining power of suppliers Threat of substitute products or services Source: Porter (1980) POTENTIAL ENTRANTS The Competitive Environment of the Firm and the 5-Forces Framework P, Q
- 6. © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine whether rivalry is high? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Rivalry is high when: • Industry concentration is low • Competitors are very homogeneous • Little product differentiation exists • Excess capacity and exit barriers are present • Scale economies are high and the ratio of fixed to variable costs is high © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine how high the threat of substitutability is? © Lucas Wenger 2018 The threat of substitutes is high when: • Buyers have a high propensity to substitute • The relative price and performance of
- 7. substitutes is high © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine whether buyers have a high or low power? © Lucas Wenger 2018 When is buyer power high? I • When price sensitivity of focal industry is high: – Cost of supplier product relative to total costs of focal industry products high – Product differentiation of supplies low – Competition between focal industry players is high © Lucas Wenger 2018 When is buyer power high? II • Relative bargaining power of focal firms is high: – Size and concentration of focal industry firms relatives to suppliers is high – Focal industry firms face little if no switching costs – Focal industry firms know and understand well the cost
- 8. structure of suppliers – Focal industry firms can easily integrate backward © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine whether suppliers have a high or low power? © Lucas Wenger 2018 When is supplier power low? I • When price sensitivity of focal industry is high: – Cost of supplier product relative to total costs of focal industry products high – Product differentiation of supplies low – Competition between focal industry players is high © Lucas Wenger 2018 When is supplier power low? II • Relative bargaining power of focal firms is high: – Size and concentration of focal industry firms relatives to suppliers is high – Focal industry firms face little if no switching costs
- 9. – Focal industry firms know and understand well the cost structure of suppliers – Focal industry firms can easily integrate backward © Lucas Wenger 2018 What do we look for to determine how low the threat of entry is? © Lucas Wenger 2018 The threat of entry is low when: • Economies of scale are present • Incumbents have an absolute cost advantage • High capital is needed to start • Existing products are highly differentiated • Channels of distribution are preempted or difficult to access • Government and legal barriers exist • Retaliation by established competitors is likely © Lucas Wenger 2018 THREAT OF ENTRY • economies of scale • absolute cost
- 10. advantages • capital requirements • product differentiation • access to distribution channels • governmental and legal barriers • retaliation by established producers THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES • buyer propensity to substitute • relative price performance of substitutes INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS • concentration • product differentiation • excess capacity • ratio of fixed to variable costs • demand growth • cyclical fluctuations of demand • exit barriers
- 11. BUYER POWER Price sensitivity • cost of purchases • profitability of buyers • importance of the product to quality of buyers’ product Bargaining power • size and concentration of buyers relative to suppliers • buyers’ switching costs • buyers’ information • buyers’ ability to backward integrate SUPPLIER POWER Factors determining power of suppliers relative to producers same as those determining power of producers relative to buyers--see “Buyer Power” box. Generic Drivers of Industry Forces © Lucas Wenger 2018 THREAT OF ENTRY
- 12. • Erect barriers to entry by building: – economies of scale – absolute cost advantages • Influence govt. policy requirements . . . • Overcome barriers to entry through: – product differentiation – . . . THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES Improve product’s attractiveness relative to substitutes: • Lower Prices • Product differentiation • Move into new businesses INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS • Compete on dimensions besides price • Consolidate ownership
- 13. • Build a first-mover advantage . . . BUYER POWER Reduce Buyers’ Uniqueness • Forward Vertical Integration • Product Differentiation • Target New Market Segments SUPPLIER POWER Reduce Suppliers’ Uniqueness • Backward Vertical Integration • Use Multiple Suppliers Source: Barney (1997) Generic Responses to Industry Forces © Lucas Wenger 2018 Industry Structure • Fragmented – No dominant firm – Opportunity for consolidation • Emerging
- 14. – New created (or re-created industries) – Opportunity to seize 1st mover advtg? © Lucas Wenger 2018 Industry Structure (Cont’d) • Emerging – New created industries – Re-created industries • Tech innovation • ∆ in customer needs • Mature – Opportunities for: • 1st mover advtg? • Tech leadership • Control strategic assets • Avoid customer-switching costs – Threat of: • 1st mover disadvtg? • Loss of flexibility • 2nd mover advtg © Lucas Wenger 2018 Seizing 1st Mover Advantage
- 15. -Suarez & Lanzolla, 2005 (HBR) © Lucas Wenger 2018 Seizing 1st Mover Advantage -Suarez & Lanzolla, 2005 (HBR) © Lucas Wenger 2018 Industry Structure (Cont’d) • Mature – Slowing ↑Qd – Slowing ↑Qs (via stagnant production capacity) – ↑Customer Expertise – ↓New products/services – ↑Int’l competition – ↓∑Profitability • Mature – Opportunities for: • Product refinement • Investment in service quality
- 16. • Process innovation © Lucas Wenger 2018 Industry Structure (Cont’d) • Declining – ↓∑Sales – ↑Rivalry • ↑Buys • ↑Suppliers • ↑Substitutes • Declining • Leadership • Niche • Harvest • Divestment © Lucas Wenger 2018 Step 1 – Define the industry the firm is in Step 2 - Identify the players: Competitors, substitutes, suppliers, buyers, and potential entrants Industry Analysis
- 17. © Lucas Wenger 2018 Step 3 - Evaluate the 5-forces: Their intensity, the underlying conditions that drive this intensity, and the implication for the performance of companies in this industry Industry Analysis © Lucas Wenger 2018 Step 4 - What would it take for any company to be successful in this industry; or how can we change the industry forces in our favor; aka industry key success factors Industry Analysis © Lucas Wenger 2018 What is this External Environment Analysis? • Part 1: Describe the External Environment of the Firm
- 18. • Part 2: Evaluate this Environment • Part 3: Draw Clear Conclusions: What are the opportunities and threats in this environment? What are the drivers of these? What are potential strategies to capitalize on the opportunities and neutralize the threats? © Lucas Wenger 2018 External Analysis – External Analysis • What is the current industry structure/level of competition (perfect competitionàmonopoly) and what are the consequences (See Table 2.7) • Describe the General and Competitive Environment - Use at least one of tools described in our textbook (6 category description of the general environment in Figure 2.1, Porter’s 5 Forces, PEST, GDPest, etc.) • What are the opportunities and threats related to the external environment? • How does the external environment influence the company’s strategy? MNG000273
- 19. Assignment 2 – 1500 word report 35% Student: Mark: Grade: Poor Fair Good V. Good Excellent Content - purpose, goals and objectives, program, location and duration stakeholders for the event vernance (organisational structure for the event)
- 20. Research and scholarship of research. (at least 2 academic references) Presentation structure written expression. Other comments: Grading for the assignment Poor: below standard and unacceptable Fair: borderline as it shows signs of effort but can improve dramatically Good: satisfactory work that addresses the criteria
- 21. V.Good: high standard of coherence and clarity Excellent: free from error and vaguaries – very appropriate for criteria