Louis-Victor de Broglie was a French physicist born in 1892 who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1929 for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons. He introduced the theory that matter and electrons exhibit properties of both particles and waves, known as wave-particle duality. De Broglie studied theoretical physics and earned his doctorate for his thesis on quantum theory. He proposed that particles are associated with waves and that these waves have a wavelength inversely proportional to the particle's momentum. De Broglie's theory of electron matter waves was instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics.