Loops & Ludology
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Gamification is past a buzzword now - many applications are harnessing its power. Here we look at why those systems were created in the first instance and use that to help to understand what makes powerful reward systems that work well.
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Loops & Ludology
- 1. LOOPS & LUDOLOGY Why great game design is all about the loop © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 2. LOOPS & LUDOLOGY Why great game design is all about the loop GAME: A competitive activity involving skill, chance, or endurance played according to a set of rules. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 3. LOOPS & LUDOLOGY Why great game design is all about the loop & What the evolution of game design can tell us © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 4. It started with a loop Videogames started with a Press simple Feedback loop. Button Game Character World moves Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 5. Spacewar It started with a loop 1962 I FEEL GREAT BECAUSE: IT’S INSTANTLY RESPONSIVE TO ME Tennis for Two 1958 © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 6. Press Button Bullets Ship Drop Responds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 7. Press Button Bullets Ship Drop Responds I FEEL GREAT BECAUSE: I’M BEING CHALLENGED, BUT I’M WINNING © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 8. Press Button Bullets Ship Drop Responds I FEEL GREAT BECAUSE: I’M BEING CHALLENGED, BUT I’M WINNING © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 9. Press Direction Kill Enemies Bullets Drop Ship Moves © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 10. Kill Enemies Kill Kill Enemies Enemies © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 11. Enemies Kill Get Enemies Harder © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 12. I FEEL BAD BECAUSE: MY FAILURE IS AN INEVITABILITY © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 13. A loop within a loop Ramping the player’s abilities as well as the enemies’ is Collect psychologically powerful. Kill Power- Enemies Ups © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 14. Rank Up! Power-Ups increase the player’s strength I FEEL GREAT BECAUSE: I CAN CRUSH PREVIOUSLY TOUGH OPPONENTS EASILY © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 15. Loopin’ makes me feel good The key to that payoff lies in Kill the interplay between the Enemies player ranking up and the enemies becoming harder. Game Collect Becomes Power- Harder Ups © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 16. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 17. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 18. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 19. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 20. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 21. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 22. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 23. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 24. Loopin’ makes me feel good 30 25 20 15 Difficulty 10 5 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 360 375 420 435 465 Seconds © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 25. Get there faster Games then added a further Kill layer – a meta-game on top of Enemies COMBO the core mechanics. Combos = Accelerated Progress Collect Game Becomes Power- Harder Ups © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 26. Get there faster I FEEL GREAT BECAUSE: I’VE REVEALED THE HIDDEN I’M SKILLED ENOUGH TO USE IT I FEEL LIKE I’M BEATING THE SYSTEM © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 27. It started with a loop It turns out that feedback Moment to Moment loops are the fundamental Control Feedback Loop driver at many levels of Hitting Targets game design. Game Progression Loop Reward & Reinforcement Enticement Loop © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 28. It started with a loop Press Button Game Character World moves Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 29. The User is Intelligent Press Button The Player makes decisions about what to do. Player Character Decision moves Game World Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 30. The Loop is Intelligent Press Button The Player makes decisions Player Character Decision moves So does the AI. Game AI World Decision Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 31. The Loop is Goal Driven Press Button Player Character The decision is only about Decision moves how to reach the goal in a satisfying way. Game AI World Decision Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 32. The Loop is Goal Driven Press Button Player Character The decision is only about Decision moves how to reach the goal in a satisfying way. Quickest / Highest Scoring / Most Lives Game AI World Decision Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 33. The Loop is Intelligent Press Button The rewards reinforce successful behaviours. Player Character Decision REWARD moves • Earning points • Visual excitement • Ranking Up Game AI World Decision Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 34. The Loop is Intelligent Press Button The rewards make it more pleasurable to perform the Player Character tasks required. Decision REWARD moves I FEEL GREAT BECAUSE: REWARDS ARE USEFUL Game AI World REWARDS = EASIER PROGRESSION Updates Decision © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 35. LOOPS & LUDOLOGY Making a great reward © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 36. Transparent Progress towards gaining primary rewards should be clear. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 37. Meaningful If the reward has a purpose it becomes powerful. A pat on the back is nice, but if it makes my life easier then it’s truly appreciated. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 38. Layered Additional reward tiers bring richness to the system. It can be advantageous to have the progress towards these lower tiers more opaque. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 39. Layered Skinner’s operant conditioning shows how simple it is to create compulsive behaviours. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 40. Balanced Externally The rewards have to be built into the overall system so that it is not unbalanced when they are won. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 41. Balanced Internally The rewards have to be equitable, giving no great advantage for one over another. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 42. What is our Loop? © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 43. A Game Loop/ Press Button Player Character Decision moves REWARD Game AI World Decision Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 44. What is our loop? Consumer Behaviour Player Character Decision moves REWARD Game AI World Decision Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 45. What is our loop? Consumer Behaviour Player Real world Decision Results REWARD Game AI World Decision Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 46. What is our loop? Consumer Behaviour Player Real world Decision Results REWARD Game Agency World Business Updates Rules © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 47. What is our loop? Consumer Behaviour Player Real world Decision Results REWARD *Web *Mobile Agency *Real life Business Rules Affected © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 48. What is our loop? Consumer Behaviour Consumer Real world Decision Results REWARD *Web *Mobile Agency *Real life Business Rules Affected © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 49. How the pros did it... © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 50. The loop There’s a clear consumer goal: Get from A to B. © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 51. The loop There’s a simple thing to answer: How do I get there... © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 52. The loop This was the space invaders loop. Press Button Game Character World moves Updates © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 53. The loop Visit Location Become Check-In Mayor Increases © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 54. The loop Clear Progress to the Goal 2 more check-ins this week to be Mayor © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 55. The loop Transparent, REAL WORLD reward 2 more check-ins this week to be Mayor Mayor gets free Coffee © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 56. The loop Transparent, REAL WORLD reward You are the Mayor of Mr. Coffee YOU get free Coffee © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 57. The loop Consumer Behaviour Consumer Real world Decision Results REWARD *Web *Mobile Agency *Real life Business Rules Affected © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 58. The loop Walk to work via Mr. Coffee Goal: Find Get to work Coffee Check In to with Mr. Coffee With a Coffee 42 Free coffee Check in Mayor of = Mr. Coffee Mayor Updates = Reward © Ben Gonshaw 2011
- 59. THANK YOU © Ben Gonshaw 2011