The document describes a process flow chart tool that can be used to visualize and analyze systems and procedures within an organization. It identifies bottlenecks, unnecessary steps, and inefficiencies. The tool helps design improved processes and analyze existing ones. An example process flow chart for a training evaluation process is provided to illustrate the components and usage of the tool. The tool involves mapping the steps, decision points, responsibilities, inputs/outputs, and metrics like time/volume to identify areas for optimization.
Distributed CCeD is a process potentially useful for the development of projects for large numbers of students who are widely spread geographically.
ConCurrent eDesign is an approach to planning from the engineering world which has been transferred to the task of developing student projects. The idea originated when NASA needed to save money and shorten planning time. It has now been adapted to the planning of digital pedagogical projects.
In my session I will present a broad outline of the process which basically revolves around 'if you are not in the room then you are not part of the process'. This means that all relevant decision-makers and stakeholders should be part of the process so that it can move on quickly. When challenges are identified, the relevant person can be consulted, the challenge resolved and so the process can move on.
This process has been tried and tested by the Technical University College of Trondheim with companies such as the major telecoms company Telenor and the the Statoil petroleum company. In these cases the facilitators from the university worked in the same room with the key people in the target organisation.
The UnderstandIT project, supported financially by the European Union under their Leonardo program, is now testing out a distributed version of CCeD. This means that the development process is carried out online instead of physically in the same room. In UnderstandIT we are looking at what is needed to transfer this proven approach online.
I will describe the case study that we used in the project to test out this process. Preliminary results show that it is perfectly feasible to produce a project design document through a process which happens completely online with developers in Portugal, Italy, Lithuania, Germany, Denmark and Norway. One of the key outcomes of this case study was that we were able to adapt the project to fit the local contexts and importantly, the cultural differences in each of the four stations where the project would run, so that we did not end up with a one size fits all solution but instead an adaptable template. This has beneficial implications for groups wishing to develop digital projects across large distances where it is simply not practical to meet physically for the four or five intensive meeting sessions needed for the CCeD process.
I will describe the case study that we used in the project to test out this process. Preliminary results show that it is perfectly feasible to produce a project design document through a process which happens completely online with developers in Portugal, Italy, Lithuania, Germany, Denmark and Norway. One of the key outcomes of this case study was that we were able to adapt the project to fit the local contexts and importantly, the cultural differences in each of the four stations where the project would run, so that we did not end up with a one size fits all solution but instead an adaptable template.
Project Management for Technical Communication Professionalsstcindiana
Presentation to the members of the Indiana Chapter of the Society for Technical Communication, December 18, 2006. Delivered by Greg McCormick on the Project Management Institute methodology and how it can help technical communication professionals better plan and manage their technical documentation projects.
TDA/SAP PROCESS: A Revision to the Methodology and Training Course (IWC6 Pres...Iwl Pcu
Slides used during the targeted workshop for IW project managers and GEF agency staff on the revision of the TDA-SAP Methodology and Course during the 6th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference in 2011 in Dubrovnik, Croatia.
This presentation was prepared to describe the concepts of 'Issue Management' in a humorous manner...Go through the presentation, understand how simple 'Issue Management' is and enjoy!!!
About the front page...well...that is my dog...MAX...isn't he cute :-)
This presentation explains the basics of a Project Management Framework (PMF). Why you need one, what the basic phases are, and goals/activities of each phase.
This is PMBOK Guide Planning Process Group Part one. It includes two Knowledge Area - Integration and Scope management - with five processes - Develop Project Management Plan, Plan Scope Management, Collect Requirements, Define Scope, and Create WBS -.
These slides tell how to prepare for oral presentations in a competitive situation, especially for government contracts in the US Department of Energy. John Bradburne and I gave this presentation earlier this year in PHX at Waste Management \'08.
Aligning To The Voice Of The Customer At Three Levelsguest4f9cdb
A presentation developed by me and delivered at ISPI first in 2002, and then again in 2003 as an Encore Session (top 10 rating in the prior conference). This is about collaboration - including governance and advisory systems for Training/ Learning/ Knowledge Management.
This is the presentation I gave to the executives on what I accomplished during my summer as an intern with InfoPrint Solutions Company. Though there were so many small pieces I worked on, my focus for the presentation was some of the larger components of my internship.
Distributed CCeD is a process potentially useful for the development of projects for large numbers of students who are widely spread geographically.
ConCurrent eDesign is an approach to planning from the engineering world which has been transferred to the task of developing student projects. The idea originated when NASA needed to save money and shorten planning time. It has now been adapted to the planning of digital pedagogical projects.
In my session I will present a broad outline of the process which basically revolves around 'if you are not in the room then you are not part of the process'. This means that all relevant decision-makers and stakeholders should be part of the process so that it can move on quickly. When challenges are identified, the relevant person can be consulted, the challenge resolved and so the process can move on.
This process has been tried and tested by the Technical University College of Trondheim with companies such as the major telecoms company Telenor and the the Statoil petroleum company. In these cases the facilitators from the university worked in the same room with the key people in the target organisation.
The UnderstandIT project, supported financially by the European Union under their Leonardo program, is now testing out a distributed version of CCeD. This means that the development process is carried out online instead of physically in the same room. In UnderstandIT we are looking at what is needed to transfer this proven approach online.
I will describe the case study that we used in the project to test out this process. Preliminary results show that it is perfectly feasible to produce a project design document through a process which happens completely online with developers in Portugal, Italy, Lithuania, Germany, Denmark and Norway. One of the key outcomes of this case study was that we were able to adapt the project to fit the local contexts and importantly, the cultural differences in each of the four stations where the project would run, so that we did not end up with a one size fits all solution but instead an adaptable template. This has beneficial implications for groups wishing to develop digital projects across large distances where it is simply not practical to meet physically for the four or five intensive meeting sessions needed for the CCeD process.
I will describe the case study that we used in the project to test out this process. Preliminary results show that it is perfectly feasible to produce a project design document through a process which happens completely online with developers in Portugal, Italy, Lithuania, Germany, Denmark and Norway. One of the key outcomes of this case study was that we were able to adapt the project to fit the local contexts and importantly, the cultural differences in each of the four stations where the project would run, so that we did not end up with a one size fits all solution but instead an adaptable template.
Project Management for Technical Communication Professionalsstcindiana
Presentation to the members of the Indiana Chapter of the Society for Technical Communication, December 18, 2006. Delivered by Greg McCormick on the Project Management Institute methodology and how it can help technical communication professionals better plan and manage their technical documentation projects.
TDA/SAP PROCESS: A Revision to the Methodology and Training Course (IWC6 Pres...Iwl Pcu
Slides used during the targeted workshop for IW project managers and GEF agency staff on the revision of the TDA-SAP Methodology and Course during the 6th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference in 2011 in Dubrovnik, Croatia.
This presentation was prepared to describe the concepts of 'Issue Management' in a humorous manner...Go through the presentation, understand how simple 'Issue Management' is and enjoy!!!
About the front page...well...that is my dog...MAX...isn't he cute :-)
This presentation explains the basics of a Project Management Framework (PMF). Why you need one, what the basic phases are, and goals/activities of each phase.
This is PMBOK Guide Planning Process Group Part one. It includes two Knowledge Area - Integration and Scope management - with five processes - Develop Project Management Plan, Plan Scope Management, Collect Requirements, Define Scope, and Create WBS -.
These slides tell how to prepare for oral presentations in a competitive situation, especially for government contracts in the US Department of Energy. John Bradburne and I gave this presentation earlier this year in PHX at Waste Management \'08.
Aligning To The Voice Of The Customer At Three Levelsguest4f9cdb
A presentation developed by me and delivered at ISPI first in 2002, and then again in 2003 as an Encore Session (top 10 rating in the prior conference). This is about collaboration - including governance and advisory systems for Training/ Learning/ Knowledge Management.
This is the presentation I gave to the executives on what I accomplished during my summer as an intern with InfoPrint Solutions Company. Though there were so many small pieces I worked on, my focus for the presentation was some of the larger components of my internship.
Gender based violence_in_humanitarian_settings__a_practical_guidlines__by_dr_...
Logramme process flow chart___by dr malik khalid mehmood ph_d
1. MDF Tool: Process flow chart
By Dr Malik Khalid Mehmood PhD
[This tool helps to clarify how (standardised) processes actually take place in an
organisation, and to determine how you want them to take place. It is therefore both a
planning and a monitoring tool.]
Process flow chart
What is it?
A process flow chart is an instrument that visualises and analyses the various systems
and procedures (e.g. delivery of services, decision-making, funds allocation, accounting and
monitoring) within an organisation.
What can you do with it?
The flow chart analysis helps to identify the bottlenecks in the different processes within
the organisation. It identifies unnecessary involvement of people, loopholes in decision
making or unnecessary delays in the process. It assists to make the organisation more
efficient in its operations.
The process flow chart helps to design new processes for the primary process, support
processes and supervisory processes, and helps to analyse the bottlenecks in existing
procedures. It is very useful to help participants understand the interrelation of the work
activities and to realise how the work of one person influences the others.
Questions this tool may answer
• How should the process be redesigned to be more effective and/or efficient?
• What are strengths and weaknesses in the core process(es) of the organisation?
• Is the organisation sufficiently effective to play a key role?
Results
• What are the major steps in what sequence?
• Who is responsible for an activity?
• What are the major decision moments?
• Are decisions communicated to all relevant persons?
• What are the major information moments (into the flow)?
• What are the delays and bottlenecks in the process?
• What are strengths and weaknesses of current practice?
• What are co-ordination bottlenecks?
•
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What should be done to improve the process?
How to use it?
Process
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A process flow chart can be made on an individual basis or in a group (not more than 20
people) on a participatory basis. If made with a few key people it should be adjusted
and/or endorsed by all actors in the process. Decision-making is to be prepared for the
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2. MDF Tool: Process flow chart
management concerned to improve the process. It is also a useful tool for presentation
purposes to show how processes actually take place (or should look like). Depending on
complexity of the process it will take 1-2 hours per process.
Ground work
The choice of which process to analyse should be made in a clear and clever manner:
Relevant to the (core) problem owner, and of interest to the other involved stakeholders. A
process flow chart can very well be a starting point of an organisation analysis, but may
also be chosen if other observations indicate confusion or problems in the way the
organisation acts what it does.
Follow up
Depending on the problems identified it can be followed by other analysis tools e.g. using
the Integrated Organisation Model to dig deeper into the problem or combining the
problems with other related problems in a problem tree analysis or a SWOT.
Requirements and limitations
It is important not to mix up different processes or different levels of abstraction (activities
and sub-activities) in one chart. Sometimes it is difficult to define the process to analyse.
Certain activities are cyclic and do not have a clear beginning and end. If not used
adequately it may turn simple activities into a complicated chart. In a participatory
approach there is a danger that participants mix up the present (actual practice), planned
(official way of working) and the desired situation. We recommend visualising only one at the
time.
Practical references
• Instrument based on methods like Critical Path Method and Information Systems
design.
• Staveren, J.M. van & D.B.W.M. van Dusseldorp (1980): Framework for Regional
Planning in Developing Countries.
• Zevenbergen, W. (1984): Een raamwerk voor de inspectie van procesmatige
aangepakte streek ontwikkeling.
• Brinkerhoff, Derick W. & Marcus D. Ingle (1989): Integrating Blueprint and Process:
A structured flexibility approach to development management. Public Administration &
Development, Vol. 9, no.5,
• SNV (1997): A process approach.
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www.mdf.nl
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3. MDF Tool: Process flow chart
Example of Process flow chart Training evaluation
Problem owner
MDF Training & Consultancy
Basic Question
How should MDF standardise the evaluation of its regular course in order to ensure
organisational learning and continuous improvement?
Course given CD = Course Director (Trainer
organising one course)
CC = Course Co-ordinator (Logistics) CH =
Course Head (Trainer in charge
CD of a particular type of course)
End evaluation
report
Financial end
calculation
(C2) Discuss and evaluate with
co-trainers and CC the
events of the course
Formulate
recommendations
Prepare final course
Report
CH
No Agree on Final evaluation
report? completed
Final course Yes
report
Adapted trainers
notes, OHS, enz.
CC
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If applicable, adapt
Distribute final course trainers notes, OHS,
Report to co-trainers + enz.
CH + CD next course
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Debriefing between CD and
CH on content, financial Resp.
result, evaluations, trainer
recommendations
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4. MDF Tool: Process flow chart
Example of Process flow chart Credit approval: Primary Process
Basic question
How can the Business support project (which provides credit and training) approve credit
requests faster?
V := V o l u m e
R equest D := D u r a ti o n P r o b l e m s /b o ttl e n e c k s
fo r c re d it T := T i m e s p e n t Id e n ti fi e d
L o a n a p p l i c a ti o n
B u sin e s A d v iso r
V : 1 0 0 c l i e n ts
D : 2 weeks
In ta k e T : 1 h r /c l i e n t= 1 0 0 h r s
T ra in e r
Some
B u sin e ss V :1 0 0 c l i e n ts
p a r ti c i p a n ts
M a n a g e m e n t. D : 8 weeks
n o t m o tiva te d
T ra in in g T : 5 tr a i n i n g s X 1 2 0 h r s = 6 0 0 h r s
B u sin e s
A d v iso r
T o o m u c h ti m e
V : 1 2 0 c l i e n ts
sp ent on bus.
A s s i s ta n c e D : 6 weeks
p la n s
B u s in e s s P la n T : 2 O h rs X 1 0 0 = 2 0 0 0 h rs
C re d it V :2 0 c l i e n ts
Comm
C l i e n ts w a i t
Yes V :3 0 c l i e n ts T o o lo n g
V :1 2 0 c l i e n ts
No No
D :8 w e e k s Loan
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T :4 0 0 h r s A p p ro ve d ? T o re v is e ? R e je c t e d
V :5 0 c l i e n ts M a n y lo a n s
Yes n o t a p p ro v e d
V : 7 0 c l i e n ts
In fo r m a ti o n
to clie n t
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Loan
A p p ro ve d
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5. MDF Tool: Process flow chart
Conclusions
• It will be useful to improve the intake and to reject clients right after the intake
(selection), so that no time is spent on clients that are not worth continuing with.
• It will be useful to select those clients for training that really need the training or to
identify more different training paths, to focus on the real needs of the clients.
• It is useful to improve efficiency in making business plans.
• It is useful to see if for certain clients (small loans/clients with good repayment status)
the procedure can be shortened (training, business plans, credit committees).
Example of Process flow chart
Problem owner
Planning and Development Department
Basic question
How can Planning and Development Department raise the Project proposals that receive
funding from 35 to 80% in 2004?
Sub-question
What are bottlenecks to transparent, effective and efficient appraisal and improvement of
project proposals?
Line
Dept.
P&DD: Appraisal Process PC-I's PP No
Actors:
Mission: To have feasible PP 's PC
BoS does not have CDWP
PC-I PPI
relevant data Yes appraised
collection system
Systems: To endorse for approval
> 100 mln
No criteria to BoS
scrutinize Factors /
Inputs: Inputs: Factors:
Actors:
PC I's are of Lack of No criteria for Political Financial
P Professionals priority setting Influence constraints are
poor quality First scrutiny Preparation indicated
Chief of afterwards
Receipt PC I section (proper Yes of Working PDWD PC I appraised PP
format) Paper Yes
No 5 < .. < 100 mln
Time constraint: No
Management
is not able to discipline
unwilling staff
Line
Dept.
Observations: Problem analysis in reference to the (IOM) elements that hamper to fulfil the mission:
Inputs • Project proposals (PP's), handed in by the line departments, are of poor quality (garbage in -
garbage out)
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• There is insufficient professional staff within the Planning & Development Department to
appraise PP's from technical point of view
Systems • Standard criteria to scrutinise and to prioritise need to be developed (to stop the garbage at
the doorstep)
Management • Management causes time constraints, as it is unable to discipline unwilling staff and those
who are willing are over-burdened.
Actors • Bureau of Statistics (BoS) is not able to give clear framework of reference, as it does not have
www.mdf.nl
a relevant data collection system.
Factors • Political lobby PDWP enforces Planning Dept. to accept poor PP's
• Financial constraints are announced after PP's have been appraised.
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6. MDF Tool: Process flow chart
Steps in making a process flow chart
0. Formulate the (sub-) question that you want to answer by making a process flow
chart. Aims for which a process flow chart is suitable are:
• To decide how to optimise core processes (operational planning and strategic
decision making)
• To prepare strategic choices, identifying strengths and weaknesses (step to
strategic decision making)
• To judge organisation suitability and performance (to make funding and
programme positioning decisions)
0. Define the field of analysis. Decide whether you depict:
• Current practice (daily practice; the informal reality)
• Current design (how it should happen according to 'the books')
• Redesign (establishing the desired process)
• Clearly distinguish current practice from current design and/or redesign
• Analyse the redesign (and even current design) only after the current practice
1. Choose the process.
• Which process are you going to analyse?
• Unique or standard
• Define the starting point
• Specify the outcome/result of the process
2. Describe the process as indicated below, using the indicated symbolism:
• State the start and end point (outcome/result)
• Divide the process in 5-10 activities of the same level of
analysis ("Giving a presentation" is of different level than
"Conducting a course"). If you have more than 10 steps:
• Cluster them or
• Make more than one flow chart
• Identify decision moments. Describe these decision moments in
yes/no questions. Check that both the "Yes"-side and the "No"-
side have a follow-up activity (arrow that leads somewhere), if that is
reality.
For example: Proposal approved?
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• Yes: Proceed + Send confirmation to client
• No: File the proposal + Inform client with reasons
• Identify the responsible person/unit for each activity (this may
not be the same as the implementing person). All activities/
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decision moments that follow the symbol are the responsibility
of the person/unit indicated. Therefore, if the responsible
person/unit stays the same, you need not repeat the in-charge
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7. MDF Tool: Process flow chart
• Identify the information coming into the process and all
information going out of the process. The arrows of the
connecting lines indicate whether the information is going in or
out
• Connect the symbols with arrows that indicate the flow of the
process. Include loops to show that an earlier activity should be
repeated
3. Add key information and write it next to the activities/decisions or arrows
• Volume: The quantity of the product or service you process in a certain period of
time. This indicates the magnitude of the subject
• Time/Cost: The average or annual time/cost (expenditure) involved in each activity
(write next to step). This indicates the organisation efficiency
• Duration: The (average) time that passes between two steps (write next to arrow).
This indicates the responsiveness to clients
4. Identify possible bottlenecks. Ask questions like:
• Why does the activity/decision take place?
• Why does the activity/decision take place at this point in the sequence?
• Why does the activity/decision (or the time between them) take the time it takes?
• (Why) is the activity/decision difficult to carry out?
• Why is this person responsible for this activity/decision? • Who
co-ordinates and supervises at different moments?
• What is the effect of external (information, input, and means) dependencies?
• What are the risks (what can go wrong) in the activity/decision?
5. Assess options for improvements. Check each option considering:
• Can you leave out activities, decision points or information?
• Can you combine/change activities, decision points or information?
• Can you simplify activities, decision points or information?
• Can you change the responsible person?
6. Evaluate improvements, considering whether the options result in:
• Less effort (better methods, upgraded staff, better means and inputs) needed
• Less time (better sequence or screening, less rejection) needed
• Better quality service/product (better guidelines, control)
• Less resources (optimising expenses and quality) needed
• Better working conditions (more safety, fulfilment, less stress)
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7. Draw conclusions, in relation to your (sub-) question. Write strengths and
weaknesses (judged from the point of view of your question) on green and red cards
respectively
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