This document discusses using association to improve vocabulary by learning root words. It explains that root words are the simplest form of a word and can be used to form new words by adding prefixes and suffixes. Growing root words into derivatives expands one's vocabulary and word choice for writing and speaking. Learning prefixes, suffixes, and root words allows one to effectively form new words.

1. Vocabulary 101
Improving Vocabulary –
Using Association

2. Learning Objectives

To use a proven and effective vocabulary-
building technique, Association, in enlarging
our word bank

To apply them when we are speaking and
writing

3. Introduction

What is common about these words?
1) Friendly
2) Unfriendly
3) Friendliness
4) Unfriendliness

There is a common word that appears in all of
these words. Can you identify the common
word?

4. Root Words

The common word you see is called a Root
Word.

A root word is the simplest form a word can
take. It is the word in which all words 'grow'
from; hence, the word 'root'.

For example,
1) Friend,
2) Strong &
3) Weak can grow into...

5. Growing Root Words
1) Friend – friendly, unfriendly, unfriendliness
2) Strong – strength, strengthen, strengthening
3) Weak – weaken, weakness, weaknesses
A Root Word, like the roots of a plant, can grow.
It can become longer and larger, with increased
meaning.
Can you say the rough meanings of these words?

6. Growing Root Words

When you grow words this way, you are
expanding your vocabulary.

With a Root Word, you can make big words!
Friend
Friendly
Unfriendly
Unfriendliness
Can you grow your own big words from Roots?

7. Growing Root Words

You can grow Root Words easily using prefixes
and suffixes.

As you have learnt, prefixes come before a root
word and suffixes, after it.

If you are familiar with prefixes and suffixes,
you can grow a lot of Root Words!

Words grown in this way are called Derivatives.

8. Benefits

When you grow Root Words into Derivatives,
you are expanding your word choice in writing
and speaking.

Since you know a lot of small words or Root
words, it isn't difficult to make many big words!
You just need to be familiar with prefixes, suffixes
and compounds:
Knowledge of Prefixes + Suffixes + Root Words =
Big Words!

9. Learning Activity

Try to form new and bigger words with these
root words using prefixes, suffixes or
compounds:
1) play
2) kill
3) form
4) own
5) know

Was it difficult for you to expand these words?

10. Learning Activity Answers

Some suggested answers are:
1) play – player, playing, played, playful,
playmate.
2) kill – killer, killed, killing, kills.
3) form – formless, formation, transform,
transformer.
4) own – owner, ownership, owned, owns.
5) know – knowledge, know-it-all, knowing,
knows, knew, unknown, known

11. Discussion

What's a Root Word?

How can you grow a Root Word?

What's the benefit of growing a Root Word?

Why is growing a Root Word important?

12. Summary

Root Words help you to identify the simplest
form of a word from a bigger word.

It helps you in decoding its meaning.

It also helps you in forming your own big
words when you know how Root Words grow.

By growing big words from Root Words, you
can easily expand your vocabulary in your
compositions and speeches.