Presentation by Puneet Chopra for LKNOG conference, Colombo 2019

1. © 2019 IBM & AIRTEL Confidential 1
Date: 2nd October 2019
IBM Presentation to
Telco Cloud Common – VIM/ CIM
Puneet Chopra
IBM Senior Technical Staff Member

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Key technologies fueling next Wave of disruption
2
Artificial Intelligence
AI led service and network
operations
Opex savings via automation
Edge Computing
Ability to support 5G edge
Edge fabric to run 5G edge use cases
Serverless Vim (Edge)
Converged Hybrid Cloud
True unified cloud
architecture
Support for managing Public
clouds
Multi Cloud Management
IoT
Massive IOT
Cross industry use cases
IoT Monetization
5G
Readiness for 5G MEC
Rapidly build services and allocate
network resources – eg: Slicing
Flow through mobile enterprise
services provisioning
NFV
Evolution to CNCF
Cloud native VNFs
Containers & Microservices

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IMSIMS
Network Cloud is an enabler for Business Transformation
Business Transformation Platform Transformation
• Software based network applications/appliances
• Highly distributed clouds
• Optimal workload placement
• Digital transformation of the network delivery, network
operations, network supply chain
• Enablement with AI and Automation
Core Cloud (DC Site)Regional Cloud
Mobile Edge
Cloud
Enterprise
Micro Cloud
Enterprise
Micro Cloud
Regional Cloud
A Unified Network Cloud platform with many interconnected network and
enterprise applications
NFV/SDN
Microservices / Cloud NativeMobile Edge
Cloud
5G
5G

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Services – consulting, transformation integration,
management
• Cloud and Data Center Infrastructure for NFV
• Transformational Consulting incl. DevOps & Agile
Methods
• Systems Integration of OSS for Hybrid Networks
• Enterprise Hybrid Cloud
R&D
• Mobile Edge Cloud for
5G
• Serverless VIM for
MEC
• AI and Blockchain
4
IBM Solution Components
• RHOSP & Openshift-VNF
agnostic VIM/CIM
• Netcool portfolio with
Cognitive and enabled for NFV
• IBM ALM Lifecycle
Management for NFV
• Security – Threat protection,
Identity management
The Network cloudification is
at the heart of IBM’s strategic
imperatives
Partner –Supported by a broad range of NFVi and
VNF partners - Cisco, Juniper, Affirmed, VMware
Select Client Engagements in NFV/SDN & OSS Transformation

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1
Current Deployment- Full Stack from
one vendor
Clean evolution to a future proof fully decoupled model
• Cisco, Huawei, Ericsson vEPC
• Ericsson and Nokia vIMS
• Planned- vPCRF, vDRA
• Vendor Lock-in
• Multiple platform + low utilization
of deployed Hw- higher TCO
• Vendor specific operations skills
and (limited) automation
IBM proposed solution – Full Decoupling of all layers
• RHOSP based with clean migration to Openshift
• VNF / CNF Agnostics
• Hardware Agnostic
• SDN Agnostic
• Highly Automated
• 5G and Edge Ready
• Agile and DevOps driven
Orchestration
• Enabled for closed loop assurance
• Shorten Time to Market from months to days
• Reduced TCO and reduced cost of expansion by eliminating vendor lock in
• With improved agility to take advantage of new business opportunity for B2B, IoT and 5G
Current Short Term Medium Term
NFVi (Compute + Storage + Network)
RHOSP
Orchestration Layer
(Not in scope of the VIM/CIM RFP)
VNFs VNFs VNFs
OpenShift
CNFs
CNFs
CNFs
PNFs
OpenShift
CNFs CNFs
NFVi /
SDN
Hardware
VNF
VNF-M
NFVi /
SDN
Hardware
VNF
VNF-M
NFV /
SDNi
Hardware
VNF
VNF-M

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IBM Telco Cloud Reference Architecture
6
Hardware Resources
Virtual Infrastructure Management (VIM)
NVF Management
NVF Orchestration (NFVO)
Virtualization
Network
Virtualized Functions (VNFs)
Telco OSS BSS
Physical
Inventory
Performance
Management
Fault
Management
Service Catalog
Order
Management
Network Function Virtualization Orchestration
Resource Orchestration
Generic VNF-
Manager
Virtual Resource Inventory
Element Management System
Specific VNF-M.
VNF-LCM
VNF VNF VNF (Container)
Virtual Machine Virtual Machine
Virtual Compute
KVM
Virtual Storage
Virtualization (Hypervisors)
Virtual Network
(OVS-DPDK)
Physical
Network
Function
VNF
Cloud Orchestration
Specific VNF-M
(non-EMS integrated)
Service Lifecycle
Management
Container Engine
Compute
High Throughput
Compute
General Purpose
Storage
Orchestration
Virtual Machine
Network
NFVI
Data Center Network
VIM
Kubernetes VIM OpenStack VIM
SDI Controller
SDI controller
SDN Controller
SDN Controller
IBM Agile Lifecycle Manager
IBM Agile Lifecycle Manager
IBM Agile Lifecycle Manager IBM Agile Service Manager
RedHat OpenStack
RedHat KVM
RedHat OpenShift
RedHat OpenShift
RedHat Ceph
IBM Netcool / NOI

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ctrl-3
ctrl-2
ctrl-1
Director
cpu-1
ceph-1
cpu-2
ceph-2
Multiple OpenStack Design Options
1
Standard
Central
OpenStack
Deployment
2
OpenStack -
Distributed
Compute Nodes
(DCN)
3
OpenStack -
HyperConverged
Infrastructure
(RHHI-C)
4
OpenStack -
Virtualized
Control Plane

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OpenStack Standalone Architecture

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OpenStack DCN Architecture
Deployment stack
Controller nodes
OPTIONAL
Undercloud
+Container registry
PRIMARY SITE
DCN SITE 1
AZ1
DCN SITE 2
AZ2
DCN SITE 3
AZ3
DCN SITE 4
AZ4
DCN SITE 5
AZn
OPTIONAL
AZ0
OPTIONAL
AZ0
Ceph cluster 0
L3 Routed
Compute nodes
Local ephemeral
Compute nodes
Local ephemeral
Compute nodes
Local ephemeral
Compute nodes
Local ephemeral
Compute nodes
Local ephemeral
Compute nodes
Local ephemeral
Regional Site
Edge Sites

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Architectural Decision Points
EPA Features
● Hyperthreading
● NUMA Awareness
● Huge Pages
● CPU Pinning
● CPU Isolation
Data Path Acceleration
● SR-IOV
● OVS-DPDK
● Physical Redundancy
● Placement of VNFs
● Leaf & Spine Cabling
● Host Aggregates
● Anti-Affinity
• Storage
• Ephemeral
• Cinder
• Swift
• Local
• Management
• Logs
• Syslog
• SNMP
• Security
• Security Groups
• Port Security
Compute Features
Path Diversity and
Resilience
Storage, Security and
Management
High Availability
● Controller
Redundancy
○ Active-Active
○ Active-Passive
● Pacemaker-
Pacemaker can restart
the resource, take the
node out of the cluster,
or reboot the node.
● HAProxy - Load-
balancing traffic to
some of the
OpenStack services
running on the nodes
● Galera Database-
MariaDB Galera
Cluster to manage​
database replication.

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SDN Integration

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SDN Integration
▪ Red Hat OpenStack Director
based integration support
▪ Automated route propagation
in underlay spine and leaf
switch fabric via ML2 plugin
integration

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Open SDN Architecture

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Future: Controller-less Architecture

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Cloud Security with Red Hat OpenStack 13
▪ Encryption and Key
Management
▪ Identity and Access
Management
▪ Hardening Infrastructure and
Virtualization
▪ Deployed using Red Hat
OpenStack Director
▪ Security Groups
▪ Port Security
▪ Firewall
▪ Keystone (Fernet Tokens)
▪ API Encryption
▪ TLS Everywhere
▪ Ceph Access Control
▪ User Account Manager and Privileges
▪ Logging and Log Aggregation
▪ Barbican (Secure Storage)
▪ Audit
▪ OpenSCAP
▪ Lawful Intercept

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Automation

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Types of Lifecycle objects to manage

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Automated Scenario

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Journey from VIM to CIM

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Journey from VIM to CIM
OpenStack
Short term
Bare Metal
OpenShift
Kubernetes
CNFs
Kubernetes
VNFs
Medium term
Bare Metal
OpenShift
Kubernetes
CNFs
Kubernetes
VNFs
OpenStack
Long term
Bare Metal
CNF
VNF
CNF
VNF
VNF
VNF
OpenShift
CNV KNI
Enable Openshift on Openstack Once Openshift can manage the bare
metal, we can then have each workload
running on bare metal
Providing our customers and partners choice : A
mature OpenStack Platform or a Next
Generation Platform based on OpenShift
OpenStack
OpenStack
Bare Metal
Kubernetes
VNFs
Enable Openstack

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VNF Characterization
● VNFM
● EM
● Scale-in/Scale-out
● Affinity/Anti-affinity
● Availability Zone
● Host Aggregates
● Meta Data
● Config Disk
● Image Format
● High Availability
● Number of CPU cores
● RAM
● Hyperthreading
● NUMA Awareness
● Huge Pages
● CPU Pinning
● Guest OS
● VirtIO/SR-IOV
● Number of vNICs
● Bonding? (LACP,
Active/Backup)
● Multicast?
● VLANs
● IPv6? (Control,
Management and
Dataplane)
● MTU (Jumbo?)
● Packet size
● Throughput requirement
● DHCP, DNS required?
● Number of Networks
(Management, East-
West, North-South)
• Storage
• Ephemeral
• Cinder
• Swift
• Local
• Management
• Logs
• Syslog
• SNMP
• Security
• Security Groups
• Port Security
ORCHESTRATION COMPUTE NETWORKING
STORAGE, SECURITY,
MANAGEMENT

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THANK
YOU