Role of lip print in forensic sciences

1. •INTRODUCTION :The Wrinkles and grooves visible on the lips have been named by Tsuchihashi as ‘Sulci labiorum rubrorum’.
• The imprints produced by these grooves is termed ‘LIP PRINT’,
•CHEILOSCOPY (QUILOSCOPY) is a forensic investigation technique that deals with the identification of humans based on characteristic arrangement of lines appearing on the red part of lips.
Classification Of Lip Prints :
According to Santos:
Simple Wrinkles
Straight Line
Curved Line
Angled Line
Sine-shaped Line
Compound Wrinkles
Bifurcated
Trifurcated
Anomalous
Based on Pattern of Grooves –
According to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi (1970).
Type I-Full Vertical / Complete Straight Groove.
Type I’-Short Vertical / Partial Straight Groove.
Type II-Branched Groove.
Type III- Intersected / Diamond Groove.
Type IV-Reticular / Rectangular Groove.
Type V-Undetermined Groove.
Combination of these grooves may be found
Lip Print Recording Methods
TYPES OF LIP PRINTS : Lip prints that may be retrieved from crime scenes could be of three types
•Visible Lip Print: Traditionally, the use of lipsticks was essential to leave behind colored traces of lip prints. These are visible lip prints.
•Persistent Lip Print: Marks made by invisible lip sticks on various surfaces may be recovered days after being produced, using agents such as aluminium powder and magnetic powder. These are termed as
“persistent” lip print.
•Latent Lip Print : Marks made by the secretion of oil and moisture from minor salivary glands, sebaceous glands and sweat glands present at edges of the lips which may be developed are called “Latent” Lip Prints.
Lip Print (Cheiloscopy)-Role In Forensic Dentistry
Lip Print Analysis : Digital method using
images and software
LIMITATIONS:
•Doubts about permanence of lip patterns throughout one’s
life
•Major trauma to the lips can result in scarring
•Surgical alterations of lip
•Anatomic position of lip groove on the zone of transition
close to the vermilion border may vary, as the zone is
extremely mobile. So print may vary depending upon the
amount and direction of pressure applied.
CONCLUSION:
•Lip prints are unique to the individual
and no two individuals have an exactly
matching lip score in all four quadrants.
Thus lip prints can be used as an evidence
or a positive means of person
identification just like fingerprints.
ADVANTAGES:
•Lip prints remain stable over a period of time.
•The technique followed for collection of the lip prints using lipstick as
recording media and Scotch tape as transferring media with proper
stabilization of the lips while recording can be adopted as a good technique to
obtain a definable lip print image.
•The digital method of analyzing the lip print images can serve as an ideal
method of permanently storing the data which will help in keeping an ante-
mortem record of an individual.
PRESENTED BY:
Dr. Hanjala Shafi
Dr. Sushil .K. Vardia
REFERENCES:
•Prabhu RV, et al. Digital method for lip print analysis: A New approach. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences. 2013;5(2):96-105. doi:10.4103/0975-1475.119772.
• Sivapathasundharam B, et al. Lip Prints (Cheiloscopy) Indian J Dent Res.2001;12:234–7.
•Sharma V, et al. Identification of sex using lip prints : A clinical study. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent [serial online] 2014 [cited 2016 Apr 7];4, Suppl S3:173-7.
•Kasprzak J. Possibilities of Cheiloscopy. Forensic SciInt. 1990;46:145–51.
•Prasad P, V. A comparison of lip prints between Aryans-Dravidians and Mongols. Indian J Dent Res 2011;22:664-8.
•Singh NN, et al. Natural dyes versus lysochrome dyes in cheiloscopy: A comparative evaluation. J Forensic Dent Sci 2010; 2(1): 11-17
GUIDED BY:
Dr. Vineet Raj (Professor & Head)
Dr. Ambrish Kaushal (Associate Professor)
Dr. Ashish Mahendra (Associate
Professor)
Dr. Neha Upadhyaya(Assistant Professor)
Photographing
suspect’s lips.
•Applying transfer medium
• Lipstick
•Cellophane tape
•Develop using different powders
•Cyanoacrylate
•Magnetic Powder
Manual Technique
The lips are divided into Quadrants and analyzed
•A horizontal line dividing the upper and lower lip
•A vertical line dividing right and left sides