My lightning project presentation in Climatology; CSU Chico, Spring 2010

1. Detecting Multiple Ground Contact in Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flashes Christina A. Stall NOAA/National Weather Service, San Diego, CA Kenneth L. Cummins and E. Philip Krider Department of Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona John A. Cramer Vaisala, Tucson, Arizona Presented By Marlean M. Molaschi

3. Tucson Mountains to the west

4. Situated above an alluvial fan formation in between two mountain ranges

7. This electrical charge can become so strong that it pushes electrons on the Earth’s surface.

8. The bottom half of the cloud holds a negative electric charge and the top of the Earth’s surface holds a stronger positive charge.

9. An electric charge is now formed between the cloud and the Earth’s surfaceLightning is Formed!!

11. Evaluating the damage that lightning can cause

13. Measured the luminous characteristics of Multiple Ground Contacts (MGCs)

14. Explored spatial separation

16. Differences in the electromagnetic fields radiated by the first and subsequent strokes in negative flashes.

17. Between the first stroke and 62 subsequent strokes

18. Comparison measurements agree between all ground contacts in southern Arizona and in Florida

19. Chances of being struck

20. 2nd Stroke of Lightning

21. 3rd Stroke of Lightning