Life and cells
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This document provides an outline for a lesson on cells and cell structures. It begins with an introduction to organisms and the key features of life. It then discusses using microscopes to view cells. The main body explains the structures and functions of animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, DNA, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts. It concludes with objectives about identifying cell parts, comparing animal and plant cells, and experiments on diffusion and osmosis.
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The document summarizes key aspects of cell structure and function. It defines the cell as the basic unit of life and distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells were the first life forms and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells are larger and compartmentalized with a nucleus. The cell theory proposes that cells are the fundamental unit of life and all living things are composed of cells. Key cell structures like the plasma membrane, organelles, and their functions are also described.
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Biology is the study of life at all levels of organization, from atoms to ecosystems. It seeks to understand the diversity of life forms and their unity through common traits like cells, DNA, and evolution. The scientific process involves making observations and developing hypotheses and theories, which are continually tested through experimentation and evidence. While facts are prerequisites, science advances when new theories tie together disparate findings or technologies answer old questions. Biology explores life through cooperative yet skeptical inquiry to build knowledge and address society's needs and problems.
La celula: la teoría celular, estructura y función. La división celular
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Chapter1novideo 120819152036-phpapp01
The document summarizes key concepts in biology, including the scientific method, levels of biological organization, and major theories in biology such as cell theory, gene theory, homeostasis, ecosystems, and evolution. It provides examples to illustrate each theory and discusses how evolution accounts for fundamental characteristics of life and helps biologists classify organisms.
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Life and cells
- 1. Prepared by T. Gemma Hilado Life and Cell for M1
- 2. Topic Outline • Features of Life • Using a Microscope • Cell Structures • Cell Processes: Diffusion and Osmosis • Review Questions
- 3. Organism • Each living thing is called organism.
- 4. Features of Life 1. Organisms are made of cells. • Feature 1 • Feature 2 • Feature 3
- 6. 2. Organisms need food for energy.
- 8. 3. Organisms respond to their surroundings.
- 9. 4. Organisms respond to their surroundings. Stimulus- a change in the surroundings that affects an organism. (ex. Light, sound, odor, temperature, etc) Response- An organism reacts to a stimulus with a response.
- 10. 5. Organisms reproduce. A. Sexual Reproduction - Involves two parents and produces offspring that closely resemble to the parents. B. Asexual Reproduction - Involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
- 11. Sexual reproduction in Plants
- 12. Sexual reproduction in Animals
- 13. Asexual reproduction in Plants
- 15. 6. Organisms adapt to the environment
- 18. Microscope 1.Light Microscope – magnifies tiny organisms up to 1,000 times.-Uses light and lenses. 2. Electron Microscope – magnifies up to a million times.- Uses electrons.
- 19. Overview of Cell Structure
- 20. Objectives: 1. To be able to identify parts of an animal cells and its functions. 2. To be able to difference between animal and plant cells. 3. To be able to do Osmosis and Diffusion experiments.
- 21. Cell Types • Prokaryotic • Eukaryotic
- 23. Cell Structures
- 24. Cell – a unit of life for all living things. - each cell has a membrane. Cell membrane- a thin layer that surrounds and holds the parts of the cell together.
- 25. Animal Cell
- 26. Plant Cell
- 27. Organelles • Cellular machinery • Two general kinds – Derived from membranes – Bacteria-like organelles
- 28. Plasma Membrane • Contains cell contents • Double layer of phospholipids & proteins
- 29. Cell Walls • Found in plants, fungi, & many protists • Surrounds plasma membrane
- 30. Nucleus • Control center of cell • Double membrane • Contains – Chromosomes – Nucleolus
- 31. DNA • Hereditary material • Chromosomes – DNA – Proteins – Form for cell division • Chromatin
- 32. Nucleolus • Most cells have 2 or more • Directs synthesis of RNA • Forms ribosomes
- 33. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Helps move substances within cells • Network of interconnected membranes • Two types – Rough endoplasmic reticulum – Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- 34. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum • Ribosomes attached to surface – Manufacture proteins – Not all ribosomes attached to rough ER • May modify proteins from ribosomes
- 35. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum • No attached ribosomes • Has enzymes that help build molecules – Carbohydrates – Lipids
- 36. Mitochondria • Have their own DNA • Bound by double membrane
- 37. Chloroplasts • Derived form photosynthetic bacteria • Solar energy capturing organelle
- 38. Cells White Blood CellsRed Blood Cells