IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Green nanotechnology aims to develop clean nanotechnologies that minimize environmental and human health risks. It focuses on designing environmentally benign nanoparticles and green methods for large-scale production. The goals are to test nanoparticles for toxicity and redesign as needed, develop single-solvent phase production methods that control particle size and properties, and discover efficient approaches to integrate nanoparticles into novel devices. A marriage of nanotechnology and green engineering could make new nanotechnologies clean from the start and allow green technologies to use nanotechnology to boost performance in a more sustainable way.
Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of matter in atomic and molecular scale. It is emerging as a principal discipline that is integrating chemistry and materials science. It holds the promise of being a main driver of technology with significant impact for all aspects of society. Nano manufacturing is manufacturing at the nanoscale. It is an interdisciplinary field covering physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering. This paper provides an introduction to nano manufacturing. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Olukayode R. Egunjobi | Sarhan M. Musa "Nano Manufacturing: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/38539/nano-manufacturing-an-introduction/matthew-n-o-sadiku
E-Poster NanoIsrael 2016_ND Synthesis and ApplicationsOlga Levinson
1. Nanodiamonds have unique properties like high hardness, thermal conductivity, and biocompatibility that make them promising for applications in electronics, machinery, energy storage, chemistry, and medicine.
2. A novel laser synthesis technique produces high purity nanodiamonds without graphite or metal impurities at lower cost than traditional explosive detonation methods.
3. Preliminary testing shows laser-produced nanodiamonds can increase thermal conductivity of epoxy resin by 16 times, increase battery life by 80%, and are safer for in vivo applications than detonation nanodiamonds.
The 1.7 kilogram_microchip_energy_and_ma (1)Soumitra Pal
This document summarizes the materials and energy used in the production of semiconductor devices. It finds that producing a single 32MB DRAM chip requires 1600g of secondary fossil fuels and chemicals, 32,000g of water, and 700g of elemental gases like nitrogen. Producing the silicon wafers from quartz requires 160 times as much energy as producing typical silicon, showing purification to semiconductor grade is energy intensive. Due to its highly organized low-entropy structure, a microchip's materials intensity is orders of magnitude higher than traditional goods. The analysis aims to characterize the environmental impacts of the semiconductor industry by analyzing material and energy flows through the production process.
Environmental Impact & Sustainability of Construction Punit Sharnagat
Construction projects can have significant local and global environmental impacts. Locally, they can cause land clearance and loss of biodiversity, noise and air pollution, and urban flooding. Globally, factors like global warming, resource usage, and ozone layer depletion are impacted. Buildings are responsible for around half of UK greenhouse gas emissions and 10% from producing materials. The construction industry accounts for 22% of India's CO2 emissions. To mitigate impacts, planning must focus on using non-toxic, low embodied energy, recyclable, and local materials. Macro, meso and microscopic planning that incorporates sustainability is key to reducing environmental effects.
This document discusses the environmental impacts of building materials selection. It begins by noting that buildings are responsible for large portions of environmental impacts like energy usage and emissions. The document then examines specific impacts like air pollution, smog, ecological toxicity, and their health effects. Impacts on the environment like global climate change, acidification, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity are also reviewed. The energy usage of building materials during production, construction, use and demolition is assessed. The conclusion advocates selecting materials based on their full life cycle impacts to minimize environmental degradation and maximize resource savings, energy efficiency, and human health.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Nanofiber controlling heavy metal contaminationMr. Lucky
Plenty of fresh water resources are still inaccessible for human use. Calamities such as pollution, climate change, and global warming pose serious threats to the fresh water system. Although many naturally and synthetically grown materials have been taken up to resolve these issues, there is still plenty of room for enhancements in technology and material perspectives to maximize resources and to minimize harm. Considering the challenges related to the purification of water, materials in the form of nanofiber membranes and nanomaterials have made tremendous contributions to water purification. Nanofiber membranes made of synthetic polymer nanofibers, ceramic membranes etc., metal oxides in various morphologies, and carbonaceous materials were explored in relation to waste removal from water. Membranes for membrane adsorption (MA) have the dual function of membrane filtration and adsorption to be very effective to remove trace amounts of pollutants such as cationic heavy metals, anionic phosphates and nitrates. In addition, recent progresses in the development of advanced adsorbents such as nanoparticles are summarized, since they are potentially useful as fillers in the host membrane to enhance its performance.
Green nanotechnology aims to develop clean nanotechnologies that minimize environmental and human health risks. It focuses on designing environmentally benign nanoparticles and green methods for large-scale production. The goals are to test nanoparticles for toxicity and redesign as needed, develop single-solvent phase production methods that control particle size and properties, and discover efficient approaches to integrate nanoparticles into novel devices. A marriage of nanotechnology and green engineering could make new nanotechnologies clean from the start and allow green technologies to use nanotechnology to boost performance in a more sustainable way.
Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of matter in atomic and molecular scale. It is emerging as a principal discipline that is integrating chemistry and materials science. It holds the promise of being a main driver of technology with significant impact for all aspects of society. Nano manufacturing is manufacturing at the nanoscale. It is an interdisciplinary field covering physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering. This paper provides an introduction to nano manufacturing. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Olukayode R. Egunjobi | Sarhan M. Musa "Nano Manufacturing: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/38539/nano-manufacturing-an-introduction/matthew-n-o-sadiku
E-Poster NanoIsrael 2016_ND Synthesis and ApplicationsOlga Levinson
1. Nanodiamonds have unique properties like high hardness, thermal conductivity, and biocompatibility that make them promising for applications in electronics, machinery, energy storage, chemistry, and medicine.
2. A novel laser synthesis technique produces high purity nanodiamonds without graphite or metal impurities at lower cost than traditional explosive detonation methods.
3. Preliminary testing shows laser-produced nanodiamonds can increase thermal conductivity of epoxy resin by 16 times, increase battery life by 80%, and are safer for in vivo applications than detonation nanodiamonds.
The 1.7 kilogram_microchip_energy_and_ma (1)Soumitra Pal
This document summarizes the materials and energy used in the production of semiconductor devices. It finds that producing a single 32MB DRAM chip requires 1600g of secondary fossil fuels and chemicals, 32,000g of water, and 700g of elemental gases like nitrogen. Producing the silicon wafers from quartz requires 160 times as much energy as producing typical silicon, showing purification to semiconductor grade is energy intensive. Due to its highly organized low-entropy structure, a microchip's materials intensity is orders of magnitude higher than traditional goods. The analysis aims to characterize the environmental impacts of the semiconductor industry by analyzing material and energy flows through the production process.
Environmental Impact & Sustainability of Construction Punit Sharnagat
Construction projects can have significant local and global environmental impacts. Locally, they can cause land clearance and loss of biodiversity, noise and air pollution, and urban flooding. Globally, factors like global warming, resource usage, and ozone layer depletion are impacted. Buildings are responsible for around half of UK greenhouse gas emissions and 10% from producing materials. The construction industry accounts for 22% of India's CO2 emissions. To mitigate impacts, planning must focus on using non-toxic, low embodied energy, recyclable, and local materials. Macro, meso and microscopic planning that incorporates sustainability is key to reducing environmental effects.
This document discusses the environmental impacts of building materials selection. It begins by noting that buildings are responsible for large portions of environmental impacts like energy usage and emissions. The document then examines specific impacts like air pollution, smog, ecological toxicity, and their health effects. Impacts on the environment like global climate change, acidification, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity are also reviewed. The energy usage of building materials during production, construction, use and demolition is assessed. The conclusion advocates selecting materials based on their full life cycle impacts to minimize environmental degradation and maximize resource savings, energy efficiency, and human health.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Nanofiber controlling heavy metal contaminationMr. Lucky
Plenty of fresh water resources are still inaccessible for human use. Calamities such as pollution, climate change, and global warming pose serious threats to the fresh water system. Although many naturally and synthetically grown materials have been taken up to resolve these issues, there is still plenty of room for enhancements in technology and material perspectives to maximize resources and to minimize harm. Considering the challenges related to the purification of water, materials in the form of nanofiber membranes and nanomaterials have made tremendous contributions to water purification. Nanofiber membranes made of synthetic polymer nanofibers, ceramic membranes etc., metal oxides in various morphologies, and carbonaceous materials were explored in relation to waste removal from water. Membranes for membrane adsorption (MA) have the dual function of membrane filtration and adsorption to be very effective to remove trace amounts of pollutants such as cationic heavy metals, anionic phosphates and nitrates. In addition, recent progresses in the development of advanced adsorbents such as nanoparticles are summarized, since they are potentially useful as fillers in the host membrane to enhance its performance.
Green technology, carbon footprints and eco citiesAshima Datta
Green technology aims to reduce environmental impact and promote sustainability. Ancient civilizations utilized various green technologies such as passive solar building designs, water recycling systems, and wind energy. Modern green technologies encompass renewable energy sources, green building practices, green chemistry principles, green nanotechnology applications, green computing initiatives, and eco-city development. The goals of green technology are to meet society's needs indefinitely without harming the environment or depleting resources for future generations.
Development of a polythene recycling machine from locallyAlexander Decker
The document describes the design and development of a machine to recycle polythene and nylon wastes in Nigeria. The machine uses fixed and rotary blades powered by an electric motor to slit loaded waste materials. As the rotary blades rotate at 2880 rpm, the friction generates heat to soften the waste into small flakes averaging 35kg per hour. The machine was designed to address the problem of non-biodegradable plastic waste in Nigeria using locally available materials.
The document summarizes an international conference on research in science and technology held from November 10-11, 2016 at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. It provides details on the conference venue, plenary and keynote speakers, and includes the abstract of a paper presented on environmental degradation in Nigeria. The conference proceedings contained papers on various science and technology topics presented over the two-day period at the university.
Chemical engineers play an important role in environmental protection through various achievements. They develop processes to reduce pollution from automobiles through catalytic converters and cleaner-burning fuels. They also design systems for industries to capture air pollutants before emission and convert them to safer materials. Additionally, chemical engineers treat water through multi-stage processes to purify drinking water and wastewater for safe disposal or reuse. They further aid the environment by creating methods to recycle materials like aluminum, paper and plastics.
IRJET - Advantages of Green Material Used ConstructionIRJET Journal
This document discusses the advantages of using green materials in construction as an alternative to conventional materials like brick and concrete. Green building materials are more sustainable because they are recycled, require less energy to produce, and minimize environmental impacts. Examples of green materials mentioned include wool brick made from wool and seaweed, solar tiles integrated into roofing to generate electricity, and GFRG panels made from recycled phosphogypsum that provide insulation and are cheaper and faster to install than other materials. The document argues that using sustainable green materials in construction can help reduce pollution, waste, and the depletion of natural resources.
This document outlines an approach to developing a soft tool for conducting a life cycle assessment of residential buildings to estimate their environmental impacts, such as carbon emissions. The tool calculates embodied carbon emissions from building materials used in construction and from electricity consumption over the building's 50-year lifespan. Testing on a residential building in Pune, India found total embodied carbon from materials was 748579 kg and from electricity was 4266150 kg over 50 years. The results indicate opportunities to reduce impacts by using sustainable materials and non-conventional energy sources.
1) This document proposes a method for fault detection and isolation in multilevel static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs).
2) The method involves measuring the output DC link voltage of each phase and comparing it to expected voltages to detect faults. If a fault is detected, the faulty module is isolated.
3) The advantages of this approach are that it requires no additional sensing beyond normal control purposes, has minimal additional hardware needs, is compatible with modular STATCOM designs, and does not significantly impact STATCOM performance after a fault.
The document summarizes the results of a geophysical investigation using vertical electrical soundings around Makiyaye village in Nigeria. 18 vertical electrical soundings were conducted and analyzed. The subsurface was found to consist of 4 main layers - a topsoil layer, a weathered basement layer, a partly weathered/fractured basement layer, and a fresh basement layer. Resistivity values and thicknesses of the layers varied across the study area. The geoelectric sections revealed dips and a synclinal structure in the subsurface. Based on the investigation, the subsurface material up to 20m depth was found to be competent for construction, while low resistivity zones indicated high clay content and saturation, requiring consideration in engineering
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
1) The document discusses using structural modifications to increase the natural frequency of a variable cross-section duct to avoid resonance from fluid-induced acoustic vibrations at 14Hz.
2) Modal analysis in ANSYS was used to evaluate the duct's frequency with incremental triangular support additions. Three iterations increased the frequency from 4Hz to over 14Hz.
3) Convergence analysis showed the 16.1Hz frequency from three support sets was accurate. Additional supports did not significantly impact frequency. Structural modifications effectively optimized the duct's frequency.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes a review of experimental and numerical investigations into friction stir welds of AA6063-T6 aluminum alloy. It begins with an abstract and introduction discussing friction stir welding as a solid-state joining process without melting. The amount of heat conducted into the workpiece determines weld quality and tool life. The document then reviews various research using simulation to determine temperature distribution and develop relationships between input parameters and peak temperature. Experimental results for tensile strength and hardness of welded specimens are also reported and compared to simulation results.
This document summarizes a review of experimental and numerical investigations into friction stir welds of AA6063-T6 aluminum alloy. It begins with an abstract and introduction discussing friction stir welding as a solid-state joining process without melting. The amount of heat conducted into the workpiece determines weld quality. Understanding heat transfer is important to improve the process. Many studies have used simulation to determine temperature distribution under different welding conditions. The objective of this research was to develop a finite element simulation of AA6063-T6 aluminum alloy friction stir welding. Trend line equations would be developed to understand relationships between peak temperature and thermal conductivity, specific heat, and density. Tensile tests and hardness measurements were conducted on welded specimens
This document discusses a study that examines the interrelationships between trust, perceived risk, and behavioral intention for technology acceptance and internet banking. The study develops an integrated model to explain how trust and perceived risk influence consumers' behavioral intention to use internet banking services. The research was conducted through a survey of 432 young Chinese consumers and analyzed the relationships between trust, perceived risk, and behavioral intention regarding the adoption of internet banking services in China.
This document summarizes and compares different methods for performing keyword searches in relational databases. It discusses candidate network-based methods, Steiner-tree based algorithms, and backward expanding keyword search approaches. It also evaluates methods that aim to improve search efficiency and accuracy, such as integrating multiple related tuple units and developing structure-aware indexes. The overall goal is to find an effective and efficient approach to keyword search over relational database structures.
Repositorios Institucionales en Costa RicaRIBDA 2009
Este documento describe los repositorios institucionales existentes en Costa Rica. Explica que hay algunos intentos en universidades públicas como el ITCR, UCR y UNA, pero que su desarrollo es incipiente debido a falta de políticas, prejuicios conceptuales y falta de creatividad. Concluye que es necesario divulgar más sobre los repositorios y aplicar estándares internacionales para que cumplan su propósito de dar acceso abierto al conocimiento generado con fondos públicos.
Mario Benedetti describe el tipo de gente que le gusta, incluyendo a aquellos que siguen sus sueños, asumen responsabilidad por sus acciones, son justos con los demás, agradecidos por lo que tienen, y ayudan a otros sin esperar nada a cambio. También le gusta la gente sincera que puede criticarlo constructivamente, reconocer cuando se equivocan, y luchar contra la adversidad buscando soluciones.
Ejrcicio Presentación mapas conceptuales L Liberalliberall
The document discusses rich internet applications (RIAs). It provides links to various resources about RIAs, including blog posts and articles discussing technologies for RIAs, the evolution of RIA monitoring, using Silverlight for RIAs, a book about Ajax and RIAs, and using Microsoft technologies to build RIAs. The document serves as a reference list of resources for learning about rich internet applications.
Ordenamiento Territorial Bosque Nativos En San Luis[1]guest1d75043
La carta resume las preocupaciones de la organización Ecocultura sobre el proceso de ordenamiento territorial de los bosques nativos en la provincia de San Luis. Argumenta que el ordenamiento carece de estudios técnicos, diagnósticos e información necesaria, y no cumple con los requisitos de la Ley 26.331. También señala la falta de participación de la sociedad civil y las ONGs en el proceso. Pide al gobernador que se tome más tiempo para desarrollar el ordenamiento de manera seria y conforme a la ley, y que se garantice la participación
El documento aconseja enamorarse de alguien que te ame incondicionalmente, que sea fiel y te brinde apoyo. También recomienda enamorarse de alguien que esté enamorado de ti en lugar de enamorarte del amor en sí mismo. Finalmente, incluye una frase sobre cómo poco tiempo se necesita para fijarse en alguien pero toda una vida para olvidar a esa persona.
Disneyland en Anaheim, California, se inauguró en 1955 y consta de siete áreas temáticas originales como Main Street, U.S.A., Adventureland, Frontierland, Fantasyland y Tomorrowland. Más tarde se añadieron áreas como New Orleans Square y Critter Country. El parque Walt Disney World en Florida, inaugurado en 1971, cuenta con varios hoteles temáticos propiedad de Walt Disney Parks and Resorts que se encuentran cerca de los cuatro parques temáticos principales.
El documento presenta información sobre cuatro emprendimientos colombianos: Eco Steam, Moda Ecológica, AdRiva y el emprendimiento de Adriana Valderrama. Eco Steam ofrece servicios de limpieza ecológica y fue fundada por Jorge Martínez y Juan Camilo Agudelo en 2020. Moda Ecológica, creada por Olga Lucía García en 2009, diseña ropa y accesorios con materiales reciclados. AdRiva produce y vende accesorios de cuero artesanales y fue iniciada por una emp
Green technology, carbon footprints and eco citiesAshima Datta
Green technology aims to reduce environmental impact and promote sustainability. Ancient civilizations utilized various green technologies such as passive solar building designs, water recycling systems, and wind energy. Modern green technologies encompass renewable energy sources, green building practices, green chemistry principles, green nanotechnology applications, green computing initiatives, and eco-city development. The goals of green technology are to meet society's needs indefinitely without harming the environment or depleting resources for future generations.
Development of a polythene recycling machine from locallyAlexander Decker
The document describes the design and development of a machine to recycle polythene and nylon wastes in Nigeria. The machine uses fixed and rotary blades powered by an electric motor to slit loaded waste materials. As the rotary blades rotate at 2880 rpm, the friction generates heat to soften the waste into small flakes averaging 35kg per hour. The machine was designed to address the problem of non-biodegradable plastic waste in Nigeria using locally available materials.
The document summarizes an international conference on research in science and technology held from November 10-11, 2016 at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. It provides details on the conference venue, plenary and keynote speakers, and includes the abstract of a paper presented on environmental degradation in Nigeria. The conference proceedings contained papers on various science and technology topics presented over the two-day period at the university.
Chemical engineers play an important role in environmental protection through various achievements. They develop processes to reduce pollution from automobiles through catalytic converters and cleaner-burning fuels. They also design systems for industries to capture air pollutants before emission and convert them to safer materials. Additionally, chemical engineers treat water through multi-stage processes to purify drinking water and wastewater for safe disposal or reuse. They further aid the environment by creating methods to recycle materials like aluminum, paper and plastics.
IRJET - Advantages of Green Material Used ConstructionIRJET Journal
This document discusses the advantages of using green materials in construction as an alternative to conventional materials like brick and concrete. Green building materials are more sustainable because they are recycled, require less energy to produce, and minimize environmental impacts. Examples of green materials mentioned include wool brick made from wool and seaweed, solar tiles integrated into roofing to generate electricity, and GFRG panels made from recycled phosphogypsum that provide insulation and are cheaper and faster to install than other materials. The document argues that using sustainable green materials in construction can help reduce pollution, waste, and the depletion of natural resources.
This document outlines an approach to developing a soft tool for conducting a life cycle assessment of residential buildings to estimate their environmental impacts, such as carbon emissions. The tool calculates embodied carbon emissions from building materials used in construction and from electricity consumption over the building's 50-year lifespan. Testing on a residential building in Pune, India found total embodied carbon from materials was 748579 kg and from electricity was 4266150 kg over 50 years. The results indicate opportunities to reduce impacts by using sustainable materials and non-conventional energy sources.
1) This document proposes a method for fault detection and isolation in multilevel static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs).
2) The method involves measuring the output DC link voltage of each phase and comparing it to expected voltages to detect faults. If a fault is detected, the faulty module is isolated.
3) The advantages of this approach are that it requires no additional sensing beyond normal control purposes, has minimal additional hardware needs, is compatible with modular STATCOM designs, and does not significantly impact STATCOM performance after a fault.
The document summarizes the results of a geophysical investigation using vertical electrical soundings around Makiyaye village in Nigeria. 18 vertical electrical soundings were conducted and analyzed. The subsurface was found to consist of 4 main layers - a topsoil layer, a weathered basement layer, a partly weathered/fractured basement layer, and a fresh basement layer. Resistivity values and thicknesses of the layers varied across the study area. The geoelectric sections revealed dips and a synclinal structure in the subsurface. Based on the investigation, the subsurface material up to 20m depth was found to be competent for construction, while low resistivity zones indicated high clay content and saturation, requiring consideration in engineering
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
1) The document discusses using structural modifications to increase the natural frequency of a variable cross-section duct to avoid resonance from fluid-induced acoustic vibrations at 14Hz.
2) Modal analysis in ANSYS was used to evaluate the duct's frequency with incremental triangular support additions. Three iterations increased the frequency from 4Hz to over 14Hz.
3) Convergence analysis showed the 16.1Hz frequency from three support sets was accurate. Additional supports did not significantly impact frequency. Structural modifications effectively optimized the duct's frequency.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document summarizes a review of experimental and numerical investigations into friction stir welds of AA6063-T6 aluminum alloy. It begins with an abstract and introduction discussing friction stir welding as a solid-state joining process without melting. The amount of heat conducted into the workpiece determines weld quality and tool life. The document then reviews various research using simulation to determine temperature distribution and develop relationships between input parameters and peak temperature. Experimental results for tensile strength and hardness of welded specimens are also reported and compared to simulation results.
This document summarizes a review of experimental and numerical investigations into friction stir welds of AA6063-T6 aluminum alloy. It begins with an abstract and introduction discussing friction stir welding as a solid-state joining process without melting. The amount of heat conducted into the workpiece determines weld quality. Understanding heat transfer is important to improve the process. Many studies have used simulation to determine temperature distribution under different welding conditions. The objective of this research was to develop a finite element simulation of AA6063-T6 aluminum alloy friction stir welding. Trend line equations would be developed to understand relationships between peak temperature and thermal conductivity, specific heat, and density. Tensile tests and hardness measurements were conducted on welded specimens
This document discusses a study that examines the interrelationships between trust, perceived risk, and behavioral intention for technology acceptance and internet banking. The study develops an integrated model to explain how trust and perceived risk influence consumers' behavioral intention to use internet banking services. The research was conducted through a survey of 432 young Chinese consumers and analyzed the relationships between trust, perceived risk, and behavioral intention regarding the adoption of internet banking services in China.
This document summarizes and compares different methods for performing keyword searches in relational databases. It discusses candidate network-based methods, Steiner-tree based algorithms, and backward expanding keyword search approaches. It also evaluates methods that aim to improve search efficiency and accuracy, such as integrating multiple related tuple units and developing structure-aware indexes. The overall goal is to find an effective and efficient approach to keyword search over relational database structures.
Repositorios Institucionales en Costa RicaRIBDA 2009
Este documento describe los repositorios institucionales existentes en Costa Rica. Explica que hay algunos intentos en universidades públicas como el ITCR, UCR y UNA, pero que su desarrollo es incipiente debido a falta de políticas, prejuicios conceptuales y falta de creatividad. Concluye que es necesario divulgar más sobre los repositorios y aplicar estándares internacionales para que cumplan su propósito de dar acceso abierto al conocimiento generado con fondos públicos.
Mario Benedetti describe el tipo de gente que le gusta, incluyendo a aquellos que siguen sus sueños, asumen responsabilidad por sus acciones, son justos con los demás, agradecidos por lo que tienen, y ayudan a otros sin esperar nada a cambio. También le gusta la gente sincera que puede criticarlo constructivamente, reconocer cuando se equivocan, y luchar contra la adversidad buscando soluciones.
Ejrcicio Presentación mapas conceptuales L Liberalliberall
The document discusses rich internet applications (RIAs). It provides links to various resources about RIAs, including blog posts and articles discussing technologies for RIAs, the evolution of RIA monitoring, using Silverlight for RIAs, a book about Ajax and RIAs, and using Microsoft technologies to build RIAs. The document serves as a reference list of resources for learning about rich internet applications.
Ordenamiento Territorial Bosque Nativos En San Luis[1]guest1d75043
La carta resume las preocupaciones de la organización Ecocultura sobre el proceso de ordenamiento territorial de los bosques nativos en la provincia de San Luis. Argumenta que el ordenamiento carece de estudios técnicos, diagnósticos e información necesaria, y no cumple con los requisitos de la Ley 26.331. También señala la falta de participación de la sociedad civil y las ONGs en el proceso. Pide al gobernador que se tome más tiempo para desarrollar el ordenamiento de manera seria y conforme a la ley, y que se garantice la participación
El documento aconseja enamorarse de alguien que te ame incondicionalmente, que sea fiel y te brinde apoyo. También recomienda enamorarse de alguien que esté enamorado de ti en lugar de enamorarte del amor en sí mismo. Finalmente, incluye una frase sobre cómo poco tiempo se necesita para fijarse en alguien pero toda una vida para olvidar a esa persona.
Disneyland en Anaheim, California, se inauguró en 1955 y consta de siete áreas temáticas originales como Main Street, U.S.A., Adventureland, Frontierland, Fantasyland y Tomorrowland. Más tarde se añadieron áreas como New Orleans Square y Critter Country. El parque Walt Disney World en Florida, inaugurado en 1971, cuenta con varios hoteles temáticos propiedad de Walt Disney Parks and Resorts que se encuentran cerca de los cuatro parques temáticos principales.
El documento presenta información sobre cuatro emprendimientos colombianos: Eco Steam, Moda Ecológica, AdRiva y el emprendimiento de Adriana Valderrama. Eco Steam ofrece servicios de limpieza ecológica y fue fundada por Jorge Martínez y Juan Camilo Agudelo en 2020. Moda Ecológica, creada por Olga Lucía García en 2009, diseña ropa y accesorios con materiales reciclados. AdRiva produce y vende accesorios de cuero artesanales y fue iniciada por una emp
O documento descreve o método de análise nodal para solução de circuitos elétricos. O método envolve (1) escolher um nó de referência, (2) aplicar a lei de Kirchhoff nos demais nós, (3) considerar as relações tensão-corrente para substituir as correntes por tensões, (4) resolver o sistema de equações resultante para obter as tensões nos nós. O documento ilustra o método com um exemplo de três nós.
El documento habla sobre el comercio electrónico y contiene seis secciones principales: 1) los nombres de seis personas, 2) una introducción sobre diversas formas de hacer negocios por internet, 3) contratos "llave en mano", 4) información general sobre el comercio electrónico, 5) idoneidad de productos, y 6) aspectos jurídicos y lugar de celebración de contratos electrónicos.
El documento presenta el plan de gestión de uso de las TIC de la Institución Educativa Suan de la Trinidad. El plan busca desarrollar competencias en el uso de las TIC en la comunidad educativa para lograr una educación pertinente. Se realizó un diagnóstico que identificó fortalezas como docentes capacitados y salas de informática, pero también debilidades como falta de capacitación en directivos y recursos financieros insuficientes. El plan propone propósitos y metas para mejorar el uso de las TIC en la gestión directiva
Este documento explica cómo crear y configurar recordatorios en Evernote. Los recordatorios permiten que Evernote avise a los usuarios en una fecha específica. El documento describe cómo crear un recordatorio, configurar las notificaciones por correo electrónico y reprogramar o marcar los recordatorios como completados. También explica que los cambios se sincronizarán entre dispositivos.
Green nanotechnology is the development of nanotechnology in an environmentally friendly way. It aims to minimize health and environmental risks associated with nanotechnology and encourage replacing existing products with more sustainable nano-enabled alternatives. Green nanotechnology uses principles of green chemistry and engineering to produce nanomaterials and products without toxic ingredients and seeks lifecycle solutions to environmental problems. Examples include using nanoscale membranes to separate waste, nanocatalysts to make reactions more efficient, and nano-sensors for process control. Overall, green nanotechnology has potential to benefit the environment through applications like cleaning waste sites, desalination, pollution treatment, and development of more sustainable energy and transportation technologies.
Utilization of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Biodiesel Production and P...Adib Bin Rashid
In today’s world, the applications of nanotechnology and nanomaterials are attracting interest in a wide variety of study domains
because of their appealing qualities. The use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in biodiesel processing and manufacturing is a
focus of research globally. For accelerating the progress and development of biodiesel production, more focus is being given to the
application of advanced nanotechnology for maximum yield in low cost. Hence, this paper will discuss the utilization of numerous
nanomaterials/nanocatalysts for biodiesel synthesis from multiple feedstocks. This study will also focus on nanomaterials’ applications in algae cultivation and lipid extraction. Furthermore, the current study will comprehensively overview the nanoadditives
blended biodiesel in diesel engines and the significant challenges and future opportunities. Moreover, this paper will also focus on
human and environmental safety concerns of nanotechnology-based large-scale biodiesel production. Hence, this review will
provide perception for future manufacturers, researchers, and academicians into the extent of research in nanotechnology and
nanomaterials assisted biodiesel production and its efficiency enhancement.
IRJET- A Review Article of Nanoparticles; Synthetic Approaches and Wastewater...IRJET Journal
This document provides an overview of nanoparticles and their application in wastewater treatment. It discusses how nanotechnology offers opportunities to improve water purification through the use of engineered nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have a high surface area to volume ratio and can effectively be used as adsorbents to remove contaminants from wastewater. Different types of nanoparticles like metal nanoparticles, dendrimers, zeolites and carbon nanomaterials have been used for water purification and treatment applications. The document reviews various synthetic methods for producing nanoparticles and their mechanisms for removing pollutants from wastewater.
Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic studies for Removal of Methy Red dye ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of removing methyl red dye using copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized through a green method with Adenanthera Pavonina leaves. The nanoparticles were characterized through various techniques and used in batch adsorption experiments to determine the effect of parameters like pH, concentration, dosage, contact time, and temperature on dye removal. Equilibrium isotherm models, kinetics models, and thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated. The results indicated that dye adsorption fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second order kinetics model. Thermodynamic values suggested the adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic in nature.
Selected nanotechnology applications in industrial waste water treatment a r...Ahmed Hasham
Nanotechnology is considered the future of the world in most physics and chemical solutions that cannot
be applied in many scale level. This review aimed to highlight the different uses of nanotechnology in industrial
waste water treatment system because it is very important issue to protect the environment from the different liquid
industrial pollutants. Nanoparticles is defined by some as nanomaterials, and these materials has unusual properties
not present in ordinary materials. Nano, typically employed as a prefix, is defined as one billionth of a quantity or
term that is represented mathematically 10 9-
. Generally, refers to the processes that produces and use matter at the
nanometre level. From the review Nano-technology can be used to minimize the cost, accelerate the process and
improve the efficiency of industrial waste water treatment. Nanoparticles found to be one of the best solution in
the field of industrial waste water treatment.
This document provides an overview of the potential for nanotechnology to advance green building goals through new materials and products. It finds that nanotechnology can significantly reduce energy use, waste, and pollution from buildings. Current applications include insulating and self-cleaning nanocoatings. Near-future applications include nano-enhanced solar cells, lighting, and air/water filtration. More distant applications may include nano-enhanced structural materials. The document outlines a three-phase timeline and estimates the nanotechnology market in building will grow from less than $20 million currently to nearly $400 million by 2016. It also discusses drivers, obstacles, and future trends regarding the use of nanotechnology in green building.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This paper represent the innovative trends
and aspect of green nanotechnology development
challenges and opportunities in the field of alternative
technology to assist in future developments in this field.
There are various innovative applications of green Nanotechnology
in different- different fields like Energy,
Medicine and Drugs, Nano bio-technology, Nano devices,
Optical Engineering, Defence & Security, Bio
Engineering,Cosmetics,Nano Fabrics etc. Nanotechnology
improves the process of production and also improves the
quality of products. It works at the molecular level and
utilizes the more advanced concept, idea and research for
the development of different fields and production.
This document discusses green nanotechnology and its applications in automobiles. It begins with an introduction to green engineering and nanotechnology, explaining their principles and potential benefits. It then discusses how marrying nanotechnology with green engineering principles can help develop clean nanotechnologies from the start and use nanotechnology to boost performance of green technologies. Some potential automotive applications of nanotechnology mentioned include improved materials, coatings, cooling fluids, batteries, sensors, and more efficient vehicles. The document also discusses the role of mechanical engineering in nanotechnology development and challenges around systems integration and manufacturing at the nanoscale. In closing, it discusses using nanofluids to improve thermal management for vehicles.
Nano technology in civil engineering materials can enhance their properties and improve performance. It involves using nano-sized particles in materials like concrete, steel, and glass. In concrete, nano particles like fly ash, nano silica, carbon nano tubes, and titanium dioxide can increase strength and durability. They also improve concrete microstructure at the nano level. In steel, copper nano particles reduce fatigue by limiting stress risers. Nano steel has grain sizes smaller than conventional steel, producing unique properties. Nano glass uses nano silica layers for fire protection and titanium dioxide coating for self-cleaning and sterilization. Challenges include high costs, health effects, and environmental impacts that require further research to address.
This document presents information about nanotechnology from a seminar given by Ayush Verma. It defines nanotechnology as building things on the scale of atoms and molecules, and discusses its applications in energy (e.g. more efficient solar panels), biomedical (e.g. disease diagnosis and treatment), food (e.g. food safety sensors), and textiles (e.g. smart fabrics). The advantages include cleaner water and air through nanotechnology solutions, while disadvantages include high energy requirements and potential environmental harm from toxic nanoparticles. The future of nanotechnology is seen as having both opportunities and risks that require involvement from scientists, governments, and the public.
Fuel cells produce electricity through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. Nanotechnology can improve fuel cells in several ways: 1) By using nano-particles of platinum or other materials to reduce the amount of expensive platinum needed as a catalyst. 2) By creating more efficient membranes that allow hydrogen ions to pass through. 3) By developing lightweight nano-materials to store hydrogen in fuel tanks and release it when needed to power vehicles. Nanotechnology applications also aim to replace platinum catalysts and increase catalyst efficiency and reactivity.
Application of Nano Technology in Civil Engineering Construction MaterialsJournal For Research
There are many technologies whose applications are widely used in branch of civil engineering. There are both advantages and disadvantages of such technologies. But by using Nanotechnology the performance of material can be enhanced .Nanotechnology deals with understanding and controlling matter, atoms and molecules in the range of 0.1–100 nm (10-9 m). It creates materials, devices, and systems with new properties and functions. Nanoparticles have more surface area relative to their volume, making them useful in energy storage and for making composite materials. Nano materials are also able to be combined with biological materials, producing new structures that have properties of both types of materials. The role of nanotechnology in the infrastructure systems has the potential to set the civil engineering on a different height and widen the vision of civil engineering.
The emergence of nanotechnology in th1980’s was caused by convergence of experimental advances such as the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 and the discovery of fullerenes in 1985. Now the nanotechnology products are used in various fields such as medical, material science, automobile etc. In this topic the various applications of nanotechnology in the automobile industries have been discussed.
It is a nanotechnology question. In which you are able to pick one m.pdfarihantstoneart
It is a nanotechnology question. In which you are able to pick one material for both questions or
one material for question one and another for question two.
Solution
Energy is of great importance in human life because of its benefits as the main resource for
human activity.
The application of nano technology or nano material in the field of energy, which involves
lithium-ion battery, fuel cell, light emitting diode (LED), ultra-capacitor, and solar cell
(including Grätzel cell).
Nanotechnology will bring significant benefits to the energy sector, especially to energy storage
and solar energy. Improved materials efficiency and reduced manufacturing costs are just two of
the real economic benefits that nanotechnology already brings these fields and that’s only the
beginning. Battery storage capacity could be extended, solar cells could be produced cheaper,
and the lifetime of solar cells or batteries for electric cars could be increased, all thanks to
continued development of nanotechnology.
The following nanomaterial technologies will be of particular importance: \"organic and printed
electronics\", \"nano-coatings\", \"nano-composites\", \"nano-fluids\", \"nano-catalysts\",
\"nanocarbons\" and \"nano-electrodes\".
Nanocomposites can be found in nano-structured solar cells and PV (e.g. in polymer-inorganic
PV cells, or as polymer gel electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells DSSC or quantum-dot
sensitized solar cells QDSSC) . Nanocomposites are also used for the capture of energy in
silicon-based solar cells, typically in the form of nanowires Nanocomposites can also be found in
antirefl ection coatings and higher solar transmittance coatings on collector glazing (e.g. Ti-Si-O
fi lms via sol-gel-method) In the fi eld of energy storage the advantages of nanocomposites are
needed in thin, fl exible energy storage devices with nanocomposite units, e.g. supercapacitors,
Li-ion batteries and hybrid devices Nanotechnology in the sectors of solar energy and energy
storage Additionally, nanocomposites can be used in the process of semiconductor-assisted
photocatalysis for fuel production in order to obtain solar hydrogen or methanol For example, the
nanocomposites applied here are TiO2 -Gold composite nanoparticles or semiconductor-
semiconductor composites Another fi eld of application lies in the wind energy sector, where
lightweight nanocomposite materials are mainly used for rotor blades.
nanocomposites can be found in nano-structured solar cells and PV (e.g. in polymer-inorganic
PV cells, or as polymer gel electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells DSSC or quantum-dot
sensitized solar cells QDSSC) Nanocomposites are also used for the capture of energy in silicon-
based solar cells, typically in the form of nanowires . Nanocomposites can also be found in
antirefl ection coatings and higher solar transmittance coatings on collector glazing (e.g. Ti-Si-O
fi lms via sol-gel-method) . In the fi eld of energy storage the advantages of nanocomposites .
This white paper discusses nanotechnology and its applications. It defines nanotechnology as the understanding and manipulation of matter at dimensions of 1 to 100 nanometers. Some key points:
- Nanotechnology can be used to create better materials and products and will increasingly impact the economy as more nanomaterial products are developed.
- Common nanomaterials include carbon-based nanotubes and fullerenes, metal-based quantum dots and nanoparticles, and dendrimer polymers. These can be used in applications like coatings, electronics, and drug delivery.
- Nanotechnology may provide environmental benefits by enabling more efficient energy and resource use, as well as applications in areas like remediation, sensors, and sustainable materials and
The document discusses Alberta's strategy to become a global leader in nanotechnology. It outlines 3 key goals: 1) Collaborate with industry to commercialize nanotech solutions in energy, health, agriculture; 2) Attract and retain top talent; 3) Build infrastructure like research centers. The strategy aims to generate $20 billion in new economic activity by 2020 through nanotech-enabled products and applications.
Nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the atomic or molecular scale between 1 and 100 nanometers. It has applications in medicine such as nano-devices for imaging and monitoring health, in civil engineering by adding nanoparticles to improve materials like concrete and coatings, and in energy through developing more efficient solar cells. The military uses nanotechnology for fabrics, robotics, security, weapons, and monitoring soldier health. While nanotechnology holds promise, its future effects are difficult to predict and it could potentially transform the world in both positive and negative ways.
In this presentation i have described about nanotechnology in present and future automobiles.And i also gave applications regarding nanotechnology in automobiles.
Discover top-tier mobile app development services, offering innovative solutions for iOS and Android. Enhance your business with custom, user-friendly mobile applications.
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin GoedeckeFwdays
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...Fwdays
We will talk about system monitoring from a few different angles. We will start by covering the basics, then discuss SLOs, how to define them, and why understanding the business well is crucial for success in this exercise.
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersSafe Software
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Session 1 - Intro to Robotic Process Automation.pdfUiPathCommunity
👉 Check out our full 'Africa Series - Automation Student Developers (EN)' page to register for the full program:
https://bit.ly/Automation_Student_Kickstart
In this session, we shall introduce you to the world of automation, the UiPath Platform, and guide you on how to install and setup UiPath Studio on your Windows PC.
📕 Detailed agenda:
What is RPA? Benefits of RPA?
RPA Applications
The UiPath End-to-End Automation Platform
UiPath Studio CE Installation and Setup
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Introduction to Automation
UiPath Business Automation Platform
Explore automation development with UiPath Studio
👉 Register here for our upcoming Session 2 on June 20: Introduction to UiPath Studio Fundamentals: https://community.uipath.com/events/details/uipath-lagos-presents-session-2-introduction-to-uipath-studio-fundamentals/
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptxoperationspcvita
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...
Lf2519471952
1. Mukesh Thakur, N. K. Saikhedkar / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1947-1952
Control Of Exhaust Emissions Using Nanosized Copper Metal
Spray In The Catalytic Converter For Two Stroke Spark Ignition
Engine
Mukesh Thakur*, N. K. Saikhedkar**
*(Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rungta College of Engineering & Technology, Raipur, C.G., India)
** (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur, C.G., India)
ABSTRACT
Major developments in Nanotechnology the exhaust contains significant amounts of
have taken place across the world over the last pollutants which need to be transformed into
few years. The transition from micro-particles to harmless compounds. In this paper, the control
nano-particles can lead to substantial changes in strategies and achievements in automotive pollution
the properties of materials. These properties can control using nano-particles are discussed. Major
be very helpful in prevention of automobile developments in Nanotechnology have taken place
pollution which has become a grave problem across the world over the last few years [2]. From a
today. The major contributors towards humble beginning, Ireland inc. became a leader in
automobile pollution are automobiles, especially the Microelectronics industry and now has to face
two-wheelers. This research paper comments on the challenge of developing a strategic plan to
the utility of the nano-particles towards maintain its lead position in the nano field which in
automobile pollution control. The nano-particle most cases will supersede the micro phase. Most
coating on the catalytic converter of automobiles countries are taking a similar path of development
can be very helpful in the reduction of pollutant all be it alone or in collaboration with other
concentration and thus reduce the pollution level countries. This process is expensive and requires
in atmosphere. Nanotechnology is an emerging market drivers and experts to lead and deliver
field that covers a wide range of technologies demands from the industries of the future. The
which are presently under development in nano- approach may be driven from a top down or bottom
scale. It plays a major role in the development of up, i.e. from macro to micro to nano or from sub
innovative methods to produce new products, to nano to nano components and machines [3]. What
substitute existing production equipment and to are the development areas and implications for nano
reformulate new materials and chemicals with Biotechnology, nano-electronics and nano-materials,
improved performance resulting in less how are the industries developing and how are we
consumption of energy and materials and educating our undergraduates and postgraduates in
reduced harm to the environment as well as this technology. In the automotive industry,
environmental remediation. The paper provides nanotechnology applications are manifold. They
a summary of the work developed in a number of reach from power train, light-weight construction,
key reports on nano-particles combined with the energy conversion, pollution sensing and reduction,
authors views and opinions on developments in interior cooling, wear reduction, driving dynamics,
the nanotechnology field. surveillance control, up to recycle potential and
much more [4]. Additionally, visions of ‘‘nano in
Keywords – Automobiles, catalytic converter, cars’’ reach from contributions for carbon di-oxide
nano-particles. free engines, safe driving, quiet cars, self-healing
body and windscreens, up to a mood-depending
1. Introduction : choice of color and a self-forming car body. All this
Air pollution generated from mobile will meet the present society trends and customer
sources is a problem of general interest. In the last demands for improved ecology, safety and comfort,
60 years the world vehicle fleet has increased from often summarized by the term sustainability.
about 40 million vehicles to over 700 million; this Nanotechnology is a science of controlling
figure is projected to increase to 920 million by the individual atoms and molecules which has great
year 2010 [1].The environmental concern originated future and is considered to be the manufacturing
by mobile sources is due to the fact that the majority technology of 21st century. One of the serious
of engines employ combustion of fuels derived from problems facing the world is the drastic increase in
crude oil as a source of energy. Burning of environmental pollution by internal combustion
hydrocarbon (HC) ideally leads to the formation of engines. All transport vehicles; both Spark ignition
water and carbon dioxide; however, due to non- and Compression ignition are equally responsible for
perfect combustion control and the high emitting different kind of pollutants [5-6].Two
temperatures reached in the combustion chamber, stroke SI engines have certain advantages such as
1947 | P a g e
2. Mukesh Thakur, N. K. Saikhedkar / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1947-1952
compactness, lightweight, simple construction and emission control systems and in other pollution
low cost and low nitric oxide emissions, but they control and treatment applications, to facilitate
suffer from problems of high specific fuel petroleum extraction and production, and to produce
consumption, high hydrocarbon and high carbon chemicals and chemical products. It is expected that
monoxide emissions. The emissions exhausted into the increased affordability of the use of precious
the surroundings to pollute the atmosphere and cause metals in these applications, due to the minute
global warming, acid rain, smog, odors respiratory amount needed for each process, will increase
and other health hazards. The paper provides a overall demand for these metals. Catalysts usually
summary of the work on nano-particles, combined have two principal roles in nanotechnology areas: (i)
with the author’s views and opinions on In macro quantities, they can be involved in some
developments in the nanotechnology field. Behavior processes for the preparation of a variety of other
of materials at nanoscale is not necessarily nanostructures like quantum dots, nano-tubes, etc.
predictable from what we know at macroscale. At (ii) Some nanostructures themselves can serve as
the nanoscale, often highly desirable, properties are catalysts for certain chemical reactions. Automotive
created due to size confinement, dominance of catalysts use platinum, rhodium and palladium to
interfacial phenomena, and quantum effects. These speed up chemical reactions of pollutants such as
new and unique properties of nanostructured nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons,
materials, nanoparticles, and other related to create non-toxic emissions. By using nano-
nanotechnologies lead to improved catalysts, tunable particles of the precious metals instead of larger
photo activity, increased strength, and many other particles; less metal is needed to produce the same
interesting characteristics [7-8]. surface area over the ceramic base of the catalyst as
As the exciting field of nanotechnology shown in figure 1.
develops, the broader environmental impacts of
nanotechnology will also need to be considered.
Such considerations might include: the
environmental implications of the cost, size and
availability of advanced technological devices;
models to determine potential benefits of reduction
or prevention of pollutants from environmental
sources; potential new directions in environmental
science due to advanced sensors; effects of rapid
advances in health care and health management as
related to the environment; impact of artificial
nanoparticles in the atmosphere; and impacts from
the development of nanomachines [9].
2. Methodology:
2.1 Role of metal nano-particle catalysts in
automotive pollution prevention:
Catalysis involves the modification of a
chemical reaction rate, mostly speeding up or
accelerating the reaction rate by a substance called
catalyst that is not consumed throughout the
reaction. Usually, the catalyst participates in the
reaction by interacting with one or more of the
reactants and at the end of process; it is regenerated
without any changes.
There are two main kinds of catalysts,
homogeneous and heterogeneous. The homogeneous
type is dispersed in the same phase as the reactants.
The dispersal is ordinarily in a gas or a liquid
solution. Heterogeneous catalyst is in a different
phase from the reactants and is separated by a phase
Figure 1: Use of nano catalyst coating in catalytic
boundary. Heterogeneous catalytic reactions
converter (indicated by red color)
typically take place on the surface of a solid support,
e.g. silica or alumina. These solid materials have
very high surface areas that usually arise from their
impregnation with acids or coating with catalytically
active material e.g. platinum-coated surfaces. Metal
nano-catalysts are being used in automobile
1948 | P a g e
3. Mukesh Thakur, N. K. Saikhedkar / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1947-1952
2.2 Use of copper nano-particles: quantities of platinum, which is important given its
Copper — the stuff of pennies and tea high cost. These improved catalysts have a better
kettles — is also one of the few metals that can turn capability to break down air pollutants and also
carbon dioxide into hydrocarbon fuels with reduce the cost of catalysts used in fuel cells. But
relatively little energy. When fashioned into an platinum comes at a high price, so nanotechnologists
electrode and stimulated with voltage, copper acts as may choose other options in some cases.
a strong catalyst, setting off an electrochemical
reaction with carbon dioxide that reduces the 3. Methodology
greenhouse gas to methane or methanol. 3.1 Experimental work:
Various researchers around the world have studied The experiments were carried out on a two
copper’s potential as an energy-efficient means of stroke, single cylinder, horizontal air-cooled spark
recycling carbon dioxide emissions in power plants: ignition engine. The dynamic test rig consists of a
Instead of being released into the atmosphere, two stroke petrol engine coupled to electrical
carbon dioxide would be circulated through a copper dynamometer, a rheostat is provided to load the
catalyst and turned into methane or methanol — engine, various measurements are provided so that
which could then power the rest of the plant by performance of the engine at various loads and speed
combustion, or be converted to chemical products can be estimated shown in figure 2.
such as ethylene. Such a system, paired with energy Following steps and precautions were undertaken.
from solar or wind, could vastly reduce greenhouse 1) Put sufficient petrol along with self mixing 2T oil
gas emissions from coal-fired and natural gas- in the tank.
powered plants. But copper is temperamental: easily 2) Check oil level in the gear box of the engine, if
oxidized, as when an old penny turns green. As a necessary add up SAE-40 .Oil level should always
result, the metal is unstable, which can significantly be up to the oil filling hole.
slow its reaction with carbon dioxide and produce 3) Confirm that the engine is in neutral gear, all
unwanted byproducts such as carbon monoxide and switches of the load bank are off and ignition switch
formic acid. Now researchers at MIT have come up is ‘on’.
with a solution that may further reduce the energy 4) Start water supply to the calorimeter.
needed for copper to convert carbon dioxide, while 5) Press the choke knob and give a sharp kick,
also making the metal much more stable. The group engine will start. As the engine starts, release the
has engineered tiny nano-particles of copper mixed choke knob, pull the clutch lever.
with gold, which is resistant to corrosion and 6) Uniformly increasing the accelerator and set the
oxidation. The researchers observed that just a touch engine speed to say 1600 rpm at varying load
of gold makes copper much more stable. In conditions (0.25. 0.5, 0.75 and full load). Initially the
experiments, they coated electrodes with the hybrid experiment is performed at 0.25 loads keeping the
nano-particles and found that much less energy was speed 1600 rpm. Same experimentation is performed
needed for these engineered nano-particles to react using nano copper coated sieve.
with carbon dioxide, compared to the nano-particles 7) Repeat the above procedure for another speed say
of pure copper. 1900 rpm at varying load conditions with & without
using catalytic converter.
2.2 Use of platinum catalysts: 8) The above procedure was repeated for different
Platinum is a rare element and therefore in speed with different load conditions using sieve
demand for use in both jewelry and as a catalyst. In coated with Cu nano-particles.
bulk form, platinum is one of the most effective but The exhaust emission measurements were carried
expensive catalysts available. You probably use out by using a calibrated standard instruments AVL
platinum as a catalyst every day in the catalytic 422 gas analyzer for CO and HC at each operating
converter in your car. The platinum in a catalytic point for both conditions with and without catalytic
converter helps change air-polluting molecules from converter is recorded and figures were plotted
your car exhaust into less harmful molecules. The between varying load and pollutant concentration.
atoms in molecules, such as hydrogen, bond with AVL 422 Gas Analyzer- In exhaust gas analyzer
platinum atoms, and then the platinum atoms release inserts a probe in to tail pipe of scooter engine. The
the hydrogen atoms, allowing them to react with probe draws out some of the exhaust gas and carries
other molecules. By breaking up molecules into it through the analyzer. There are two display units
atoms, platinum facilitates chemical reactions and in exhaust gas analyzer to measure the HC in ppm
allows them to occur at a lower temperature than and CO in a percentage. The exhaust gas sample was
they could without a catalyst. Using nano-particles of the tubing approximately 15 cm in to scooter tail
of platinum increases the surface area available for a pipe.
reaction and also increases the percentage of Specification-1.Engine type-Two stroke, single
platinum atoms available for contact with molecules cylinder horizontal air cooled petrol engine.
involved in the reaction. This difference allows 2. Maximum speed -3000 rpm.
researchers and manufacturers to use smaller 3. Brake horse power- 4.5hp.
1949 | P a g e
4. Mukesh Thakur, N. K. Saikhedkar / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1947-1952
Figure 2: Arrangement for understanding the effect of catalysts
3. Results and Discussion:
Emission parameters of a S.I. engine with clear from the figure that CO & HC emission at 0.25
and without catalytic converter are studied by load is somewhat higher than the moderate load (0.5
changing load and speed as shown in Fig. 3-6. By & 0.75 load) because the temperature outside the
studying various graphs for carbon monoxide and burning flame zone is much lower leading to
hydrocarbon in varying speed and load, the formation of hydrocarbons also the air-fuel ratio is
following results were obtained: 10:1 leading to slow oxidation. As the load increases
a) Figure 3and 4 showed the effect of changing load from 0.25 to 0.5 to 0.75, more amount of charge is
on CO & HC percentage emission at 1600 rpm. It is supplied inside the cylinder and the oxidation
process is CO are found to be lowered.
1950 | P a g e
5. Mukesh Thakur, N. K. Saikhedkar / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1947-1952
Figure 3: Effect of changing load on CO percentage
emission at 1600 rpm.
b) At varying increased load with increasing speed it is found
that emission of CO & HC decreases. Emission of CO
decreases from 1.5% to 1.2% when speed increases from
1600 to 1900 rpm as shown in figures 5 and 6. c) On
Figure 4: Effect of changing load on HC in ppm
repeating the above steps for 1600 to1900 rpm using
emission at 1600 rpm.
catalytic converter (Cu sieve) coated with copper nano-
particle, the emission of HC and CO are found to be lowered
Wocc : without catalytic converter
& more efficient than bulk
Wcc : with catalytic converter
copper.
Figure 5: Effect of changing load on CO
percentage emission at 1900 rpm.
Figure 6: Effect of changing load on HC in ppm
emission at 1900 rpm.
4. Conclusion:
The engine is designed to run at medium
load (0.5 load ) for a longer time due to less
1951 | P a g e
6. Mukesh Thakur, N. K. Saikhedkar / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 2, Issue 5, September- October 2012, pp.1947-1952
emission of HC and CO . At full load, emission of [3] Simonetta Giordano, Paola Adamo, Valeria
HC and CO is higher so it is not desirable to run Spagnuolo, Bianca Maria Vaglieco,
engine at full load. The converter uses two different Instrumental and bio-monitoring of heavy
types of catalyst, reduction and oxidation catalyst. metal and nano-particle emissions from
The idea behind the work is to create a structure that diesel engine exhaust in controlled
exposes the maximum surface area of catalyst to environment, Journal of Environmental
exhaust stream, also minimizing the amount of Sciences 2010, 22(9) 1357–1363
catalyst required. The exhaust gases pass through a [4] Hartmut Presting, Ulf Konig, Future
bed of catalyst and the catalytic action takes place at nanotechnology developments for
surface of Cu which are porous and the the higher automotive applications, Materials Science
catalytic activity towards the oxidation of CO and and Engineering C 23 (2003) 737–741.
HC could be due to the higher catalytic surface area [5] Bari A, Rosso A, Minciardi M R, Troiani F,
of small nanoparticles. It is presumed that the Piervittori R, Analysis of heavy metals in
electrophilic nature of the catalyst surface renders a atmospheric particulates, Environmental
weak bond between the CO and vacant d system of Monitoring and Assessment, (2001), 69,
copper atoms. The electrophilic nature of copper 205–220.
surface obviates that when the particles are extremely [6] Tornatore C, Merola S S, Vaglieco B M,
small in size, the electrons are pumped into copper by (2008), Particles and nano-particles
emission which usually reduces the band gap characterization at the exhaust of internal
between Fermi level and conduction band combustion engines. Journal of Automobile
considerably so that the catalytic activity is also Engineering, 222: 2195–2217.
expected to be reduced. However, copper has d-bands [7] G.A. Mansoori, G.R. Vakili-Nezhaad, and
well below the Fermi level and the anti bonding stage A.R. Ashrafi, (2005), Int'l J. Pure &
at the top of the d bands end up below the Fermi level Applied Math. Sci. 2, 58.
and are filled. As a result, the catalytic activity did [8] G.A. Mansoori, May (2003), "Phase
not decrease rather it remained constant. Any Transitions in Small Systems", Proceed.
aggregation of the particles in aqueous dispersion Nano. Sci. Tech. Workshop, Kashan Univ.
leads to lower efficiency. The freshly prepared and [9] G.A. Mansoori, "Nanothermodynamics &
capped Cu nanoparticles (12nm- 20 nm) also showed Phase Transitions in Nanosystems", The 4th
good activity for this oxidation. Besides catalyst the Int'l Conf. Fluids & Thermal Energy
convergent divergent section for flow provides a Conversion, 7, (2003).
narrow pathway for exhaust due to which its velocity
decreases which in turn increases the retention period
and the emission are in more contact with catalyst
thus increasing the oxidation time. The catalyst
increases the rate of reaction by adsorption of
reactants in such a form that the activation energy for
reaction is reduced far below its value in
uncatalyzed reaction. Copper metal is selected for the
present work as it is cheaper than platinum,
palladium and rhodium. Also it adsorbs the reactants
molecule strongly enough to hold and active the
reactants but not so strongly that the product can’t
breakaway also the diffusion of reactants and
products into and out of the pore structure of copper
took place efficiently. Due to this, the pollution level
for the exhaust emission of S.I. engine has found to
be reduced which is better with nanosized catalytic
converter.
REFERENCES
[1] V. S., Shrivastava, Metallic and organic
nano-materials and their use in pollution
control: A Review, Archives of Applied
Science Research, 2010, 2 (6): 82-92.
[2] David. M. Kennedy, The role and future of
nano-technology in research, industry and
education, Conference on Materials,
Processes, Friction and Wear, MATRIB’06,
Vela Luka, 2006.
1952 | P a g e