Nicotine exposure during fetal development and lactation alters the intra-ovarian insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in rats. Specifically:
1) Rats exposed to nicotine prenatally and through weaning had reduced IGF-I expression and IGFR-II mRNA expression in the ovary as adults.
2) There was no effect of nicotine exposure on mRNA expression levels of other IGF system components like IGF-II, IGFR-I, or IGF binding proteins.
3) The results suggest that decreased fertility and increased follicular atresia in nicotine-exposed rats may be partly due to disruption of IGF regulation in the ovary through reduction
Targeting Biological Aging: A New Paradigm for 21st Century MedicineInsideScientific
Biological age is the greatest risk factor for nearly every major cause of death and disability, including COVID-19. Yet, traditional biomedical research and clinical approaches have generally focused on waiting until people are sick and treating individual diseases one at a time. Attempts to cure age-related diseases have proven unsuccessful, and the impact of “disease-first” approaches continue to be incremental. Recent advances in understanding them mechanisms linking biological aging to disease, or geroscience, have identified interventions that directly target the molecular hallmarks of aging. Unlike disease-specific approaches, such interventions have the potential to prevent multiple diseases of aging simultaneously, thereby greatly enhancing healthspan and lifespan for most individuals.
During this webinar, Dr. Matt Kaeberlein will provide an overview of translational geroscience, which he believes will become the paradigm for the practice of medicine in the 21st century. He will also discuss recent work with one such intervention, the drug rapamycin, and its potential to enhance healthspan in companion dogs and people.
Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for therapeutic monitoring in neurological ...Pranav Sopory
Seminar held on Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for therapeutic monitoring in neurological disorders.
Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease.
Biomarkers and epigenetic explained. New epigenetic drug targets.
The document discusses the health benefits of mangosteen, a fruit native to Thailand. It notes that mangosteen has been traditionally used in Asian medicine for centuries and contains powerful antioxidants called xanthones. Studies show xanthones in mangosteen have anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial properties and can help treat conditions like heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's, and skin issues like acne. The document promotes Xango, a company that produces mangosteen supplements, and lists many ways mangosteen may benefit health.
This study examined the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure on the uterus of adult female rats. Rats were orally administered DEHP at doses of 0, 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg body weight daily for 30 days. Key findings include:
1) Serum estradiol levels were unchanged in the 1 and 10 mg groups but marginally increased in the 100 mg group. Progesterone levels increased in the 1 and 10 mg groups.
2) Histological examination found structural abnormalities in the uterus such as decreased diameter and thinning of layers in the 10 and 100 mg groups.
3) mRNA expression of estrogen receptor alpha decreased in the 100 mg
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of icariin, a compound found in Herba epimedii, on male reproductive functions in rats. The study found that 100 mg/kg of icariin significantly increased epididymal sperm counts and testosterone levels. Gene expression analysis suggested icariin may increase testosterone production by regulating mRNA expression of genes involved in steroidogenesis like PBR and StAR. Doses of 50-100 mg/kg also improved antioxidant capacity in the testes, while 200 mg/kg increased oxidative stress. The results indicate icariin can benefit reproductive functions within a certain dose range but higher doses may cause damage through increased oxidative stress.
The document discusses nutritional therapies for male infertility. It outlines several nutrients that have been shown to improve sperm counts and motility, including carnitine, arginine, zinc, selenium, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin E, and coenzyme Q10. Poor nutrition, toxins, lifestyle factors, and stress can negatively impact sperm quality; a diet high in antioxidants is recommended. Nutritional supplementation may help treat male infertility issues related to low sperm count or motility.
This document discusses a study on the effects of micronutrient supplementation on male subfertility. It notes that sperm quality and male fertility have been declining. The study examined 132 men who took a daily supplement of various micronutrients for 3 months, finding a 25.8% pregnancy rate. This was higher than the 14.8% rate among the 73 men in a control group who did not take supplements. The document concludes that a lack of micronutrients may cause declining sperm quality and quality can be improved with micronutrient supplementation based on this study and others discussed.
The document summarizes an analysis of DNA methylation patterns in blood samples from participants in a study investigating cardiovascular disease risk factors. The analysis compared changes in methylation levels between two time points: 3 hours after a high-fat meal and 3 weeks after treatment with a cholesterol-lowering drug. Larger variations in methylation levels were found at 3 weeks compared to 3 hours. Additionally, CpG sites that changed the most 3 hours after the meal were more likely to be associated with genes related to fat metabolism and heart health. This suggests DNA methylation is influenced by environmental factors in a time-sensitive manner.
Targeting Biological Aging: A New Paradigm for 21st Century MedicineInsideScientific
Biological age is the greatest risk factor for nearly every major cause of death and disability, including COVID-19. Yet, traditional biomedical research and clinical approaches have generally focused on waiting until people are sick and treating individual diseases one at a time. Attempts to cure age-related diseases have proven unsuccessful, and the impact of “disease-first” approaches continue to be incremental. Recent advances in understanding them mechanisms linking biological aging to disease, or geroscience, have identified interventions that directly target the molecular hallmarks of aging. Unlike disease-specific approaches, such interventions have the potential to prevent multiple diseases of aging simultaneously, thereby greatly enhancing healthspan and lifespan for most individuals.
During this webinar, Dr. Matt Kaeberlein will provide an overview of translational geroscience, which he believes will become the paradigm for the practice of medicine in the 21st century. He will also discuss recent work with one such intervention, the drug rapamycin, and its potential to enhance healthspan in companion dogs and people.
Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for therapeutic monitoring in neurological ...Pranav Sopory
Seminar held on Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for therapeutic monitoring in neurological disorders.
Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease.
Biomarkers and epigenetic explained. New epigenetic drug targets.
The document discusses the health benefits of mangosteen, a fruit native to Thailand. It notes that mangosteen has been traditionally used in Asian medicine for centuries and contains powerful antioxidants called xanthones. Studies show xanthones in mangosteen have anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial properties and can help treat conditions like heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's, and skin issues like acne. The document promotes Xango, a company that produces mangosteen supplements, and lists many ways mangosteen may benefit health.
This study examined the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure on the uterus of adult female rats. Rats were orally administered DEHP at doses of 0, 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg body weight daily for 30 days. Key findings include:
1) Serum estradiol levels were unchanged in the 1 and 10 mg groups but marginally increased in the 100 mg group. Progesterone levels increased in the 1 and 10 mg groups.
2) Histological examination found structural abnormalities in the uterus such as decreased diameter and thinning of layers in the 10 and 100 mg groups.
3) mRNA expression of estrogen receptor alpha decreased in the 100 mg
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of icariin, a compound found in Herba epimedii, on male reproductive functions in rats. The study found that 100 mg/kg of icariin significantly increased epididymal sperm counts and testosterone levels. Gene expression analysis suggested icariin may increase testosterone production by regulating mRNA expression of genes involved in steroidogenesis like PBR and StAR. Doses of 50-100 mg/kg also improved antioxidant capacity in the testes, while 200 mg/kg increased oxidative stress. The results indicate icariin can benefit reproductive functions within a certain dose range but higher doses may cause damage through increased oxidative stress.
The document discusses nutritional therapies for male infertility. It outlines several nutrients that have been shown to improve sperm counts and motility, including carnitine, arginine, zinc, selenium, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin E, and coenzyme Q10. Poor nutrition, toxins, lifestyle factors, and stress can negatively impact sperm quality; a diet high in antioxidants is recommended. Nutritional supplementation may help treat male infertility issues related to low sperm count or motility.
This document discusses a study on the effects of micronutrient supplementation on male subfertility. It notes that sperm quality and male fertility have been declining. The study examined 132 men who took a daily supplement of various micronutrients for 3 months, finding a 25.8% pregnancy rate. This was higher than the 14.8% rate among the 73 men in a control group who did not take supplements. The document concludes that a lack of micronutrients may cause declining sperm quality and quality can be improved with micronutrient supplementation based on this study and others discussed.
The document summarizes an analysis of DNA methylation patterns in blood samples from participants in a study investigating cardiovascular disease risk factors. The analysis compared changes in methylation levels between two time points: 3 hours after a high-fat meal and 3 weeks after treatment with a cholesterol-lowering drug. Larger variations in methylation levels were found at 3 weeks compared to 3 hours. Additionally, CpG sites that changed the most 3 hours after the meal were more likely to be associated with genes related to fat metabolism and heart health. This suggests DNA methylation is influenced by environmental factors in a time-sensitive manner.
1) Activating antibodies against E-cadherin reduced metastasis of 4T1 mammary tumor cells to the lungs in a mouse model, indicating adhesion activation can inhibit metastasis.
2) Naturally occurring missense mutations in the extracellular domain of E-cadherin associated with gastric cancer were tested. Some mutants exhibited normal adhesion strength while others showed reduced strength, although more than an inactive mutant.
3) The gastric cancer mutants were impaired in activation at the cell surface even if they showed basic adhesion, with one mutant activated from outside but not inside, suggesting the mutations affect regulation of adhesive activity.
Uso ed abuso dei farmaci - Applicazione delle informazioni genetiche per un u...Digital for Academy
This document summarizes a presentation about pharmacogenetics in neurology and psychiatry. It discusses how genetic information can be used to permit safer and more effective drug use. It provides examples of genetic factors like CYP enzymes and BDNF that influence drug metabolism and efficacy of drugs like SSRIs. It also describes a study that found patients were 42% less likely to not stabilize if they followed recommendations from the Neurofarmagen pharmacogenetic test over 3 months. The presentation promotes combining pharmacogenetics with environmental and drug interaction data to further improve therapeutic outcomes.
The document describes an ongoing study of a health maintenance program called PattonProtocol-1 that includes consumption of a natural product-derived telomerase activator (TA-65) along with dietary supplements and physician monitoring. Initial results after one year show:
1) TA-65 moderately activated telomerase in human cells in culture and achieved similar plasma levels in human studies.
2) The most significant effects in vivo were declines in the percentage of senescent cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells in subjects' blood over time.
3) In a subset of subjects, there was a reduction in the percentage of short telomeres in white blood cells, though average telomere length did not increase
Effect of Selenium in Treatment of Male Infertility by Mossa M Morbat, Azzawi M Hadi* and Dekhel H Hadri in Experimental Techniques in Urology & Nephrology
Short intro epigenetics & nutrigenomics& the early impact of nutrition Norwich Research Park
Our “genes” are not fixed: “Plasticity” of the genotype by epigenetic mechanisms => important for the phenotypic impact of nutrition.
• Histone and DNA modifications have impact on gene transcription efficiency. Methylation (more stable) and acetylation (more flexible) have impact on chromatin
structures.
• Epigenetic modifications have impact on offspring, embryo development, ageing and disease development or prevention => example: Dutch Hunger Winter.
Health status of future parents are very important for the future health of children.
Early healthy nutrition & lifestyle essential for successful healthy life & “ageing”.
This study investigated the effects of developmental exposure to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos on social play behavior and endocannabinoid system activation in rats. The researchers found that rats exposed to chlorpyrifos engaged in more social play behaviors compared to controls. However, chlorpyrifos exposure did not affect phosphorylation of cannabinoid receptors in brain regions involved in social play, suggesting that increased social play is not related to changes in endocannabinoid system activation. While endocannabinoid signaling may play a role in altered social behavior, chlorpyrifos may induce changes in other neurotransmitter systems like dopamine that are important for social play.
The document summarizes the evaluation of anti-obesity drugs. It discusses various in vitro and in vivo preclinical models used to evaluate potential anti-obesity compounds, including receptor binding assays, determination of hormone levels, food intake studies in rodents, and diet-induced and genetic obesity models. It also outlines the advantages and limitations of different acute and chronic in vivo models for assessing drug effects on obesity.
The document discusses the classification and labelling of glyphosate. It summarizes glyphosate's toxicological profile based on numerous studies. For human health, it finds glyphosate unlikely to cause cancer, genetic damage, or reproductive toxicity. It proposes classification as STOT RE 2 (H373) based on repeated dose toxicity. For the environment, it finds glyphosate toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects based on acute and chronic toxicity values, proposing classification as Aquatic Chronic 2 (H411). The document concludes by comparing the classification approaches of different regulatory agencies.
What you should know about genetic testing for mitochondrial disordersmitoaction
Amanda Balog, CGC, Senior Genetic Counselor, Mitochondrial and Metabolic Genetics, of GeneDx discusses: "What You Should Know About Genetic Testing for Mitochondrial Disorders."
My recent introduction talk for the Nutrigenomics Masterclass 2011in Wageningen (The Netherlands):
How to use Nutrigenomics & molecular nutrition? From challenges to solutions
Remodeling of Pancreatic Innervation in DiabetesInsideScientific
The pancreas is densely innervated, and neural signals play a significant role in glucose regulation by modulating pancreatic hormone release. However, relatively little is known about the anatomical relationships between islets and nerves across the whole pancreas. In this webinar, Dr. Sarah Stanley and Dr. Alexandra Alvarsson will discuss their research using tissue clearing and whole organ imaging of the pancreas to identify the 3D structure of pancreatic nerves and islets.
In particular, they will provide an overview of their methodology, which provides detailed information and quantification of pancreatic innervation in healthy pancreas, in canonical models of diabetes and in samples from nondiabetic and diabetic donors. They will also present their findings, demonstrating greatly enriched innervation in the islets with regional variations. They will also discuss beta cell innervation in mouse models of diabetes and in pancreata from human donors with type 2 diabetes.
Key Topics Include:
- Tissue clearing and 3D imaging to allow the mapping of nerves in peripheral organs
- Innervation of peripheral organs such as the pancreas
- How pancreatic nerves are remodeled in diabetes
The document discusses nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. It begins with important terms related to omics fields like genomics, nutrigenomics, and epigenetics. It then provides a basic understanding of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics, including how genetic diversity and environmental factors affect nutrient metabolism and health outcomes. The goals of nutrigenomics are discussed, including customizing nutrition based on an individual's genetics. Experimental approaches like genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics are used to study these fields. Examples are provided on how nutrigenomics has clarified roles of specific dietary factors and potential applications in disease prevention.
Dr Ayman Ewies - The Effect of Exogenous Leptin Administration on Folliculoge...AymanEwies
Exogenous leptin administration in immature albino rats was found to enhance folliculogenesis, increase ovarian weight, and reduce total body weight compared to controls. Specifically, leptin-treated rats had a higher median number of antral follicles, significantly higher ovarian weights, and significantly lower total body weights than control rats across various ages. The results suggest leptin may play a role in female reproduction and metabolism, warranting further study of its potential effects in obese women with impaired reproductive functions.
This document summarizes a lecture on nutrigenomics given by Michael Müller. It discusses how nutrigenomics allows quantification of the interplay between genetics, lifestyle, nutrition, and the environment in determining phenotypes. Specifically, it highlights how genome-wide transcriptome analysis can identify target genes of nutrients and biomarkers of organ health and resilience. It also provides examples of human nutrigenomics studies examining how diets high in saturated fat or polyunsaturated fat alter gene expression and inflammation. The summary concludes that nutrigenomics is enabling a transition to nutritional science 2.0 through comprehensive, integrated applications and system biology analyses.
The document discusses aberrant splicing in myotonic dystrophy and its effects. It describes how aberrant alternative splicing in myotonic dystrophy changes the form of an enzyme called PKM, reverting it to the embryonic form PKM2. This change in enzyme activity is related to the loss of slow muscle fibers seen in myotonic dystrophy. The document also discusses how a small RNA called U6atac controls expression of hundreds of genes by regulating minor intron splicing through the minor spliceosome. U6atac levels influence the rate of minor intron splicing and expression of important genes.
What is health? NUGO International nutrigenomics Conference Wageningen Sept 9...Norwich Research Park
What is health? Can Nutrigenomics allow to quantify metabolic health? (YES)
My very personal conclusions of a wonderful conference (NUGO Week 2011) in Wageningen (The Netherlands) that we organized.
This document contains a summary of Kannan Gandhi's professional experience and qualifications. It details his 7 years of experience in sales, marketing, business development and people management. It provides information on his current role as a Sales Executive at First Gulf Bank and past roles at HDFC ERGO General Insurance Co Ltd, TATA-AIG Life Insurance Co Ltd and MetLife India Insurance Co. Ltd India. Key achievements highlighted include consistently achieving and exceeding sales targets across various roles in the insurance and banking industries.
This short document promotes the creation of Haiku Deck presentations on SlideShare. It features a stock photo and text that reads "Inspired? Create your own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare!" along with a call to action to "GET STARTED".
1) Activating antibodies against E-cadherin reduced metastasis of 4T1 mammary tumor cells to the lungs in a mouse model, indicating adhesion activation can inhibit metastasis.
2) Naturally occurring missense mutations in the extracellular domain of E-cadherin associated with gastric cancer were tested. Some mutants exhibited normal adhesion strength while others showed reduced strength, although more than an inactive mutant.
3) The gastric cancer mutants were impaired in activation at the cell surface even if they showed basic adhesion, with one mutant activated from outside but not inside, suggesting the mutations affect regulation of adhesive activity.
Uso ed abuso dei farmaci - Applicazione delle informazioni genetiche per un u...Digital for Academy
This document summarizes a presentation about pharmacogenetics in neurology and psychiatry. It discusses how genetic information can be used to permit safer and more effective drug use. It provides examples of genetic factors like CYP enzymes and BDNF that influence drug metabolism and efficacy of drugs like SSRIs. It also describes a study that found patients were 42% less likely to not stabilize if they followed recommendations from the Neurofarmagen pharmacogenetic test over 3 months. The presentation promotes combining pharmacogenetics with environmental and drug interaction data to further improve therapeutic outcomes.
The document describes an ongoing study of a health maintenance program called PattonProtocol-1 that includes consumption of a natural product-derived telomerase activator (TA-65) along with dietary supplements and physician monitoring. Initial results after one year show:
1) TA-65 moderately activated telomerase in human cells in culture and achieved similar plasma levels in human studies.
2) The most significant effects in vivo were declines in the percentage of senescent cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells in subjects' blood over time.
3) In a subset of subjects, there was a reduction in the percentage of short telomeres in white blood cells, though average telomere length did not increase
Effect of Selenium in Treatment of Male Infertility by Mossa M Morbat, Azzawi M Hadi* and Dekhel H Hadri in Experimental Techniques in Urology & Nephrology
Short intro epigenetics & nutrigenomics& the early impact of nutrition Norwich Research Park
Our “genes” are not fixed: “Plasticity” of the genotype by epigenetic mechanisms => important for the phenotypic impact of nutrition.
• Histone and DNA modifications have impact on gene transcription efficiency. Methylation (more stable) and acetylation (more flexible) have impact on chromatin
structures.
• Epigenetic modifications have impact on offspring, embryo development, ageing and disease development or prevention => example: Dutch Hunger Winter.
Health status of future parents are very important for the future health of children.
Early healthy nutrition & lifestyle essential for successful healthy life & “ageing”.
This study investigated the effects of developmental exposure to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos on social play behavior and endocannabinoid system activation in rats. The researchers found that rats exposed to chlorpyrifos engaged in more social play behaviors compared to controls. However, chlorpyrifos exposure did not affect phosphorylation of cannabinoid receptors in brain regions involved in social play, suggesting that increased social play is not related to changes in endocannabinoid system activation. While endocannabinoid signaling may play a role in altered social behavior, chlorpyrifos may induce changes in other neurotransmitter systems like dopamine that are important for social play.
The document summarizes the evaluation of anti-obesity drugs. It discusses various in vitro and in vivo preclinical models used to evaluate potential anti-obesity compounds, including receptor binding assays, determination of hormone levels, food intake studies in rodents, and diet-induced and genetic obesity models. It also outlines the advantages and limitations of different acute and chronic in vivo models for assessing drug effects on obesity.
The document discusses the classification and labelling of glyphosate. It summarizes glyphosate's toxicological profile based on numerous studies. For human health, it finds glyphosate unlikely to cause cancer, genetic damage, or reproductive toxicity. It proposes classification as STOT RE 2 (H373) based on repeated dose toxicity. For the environment, it finds glyphosate toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects based on acute and chronic toxicity values, proposing classification as Aquatic Chronic 2 (H411). The document concludes by comparing the classification approaches of different regulatory agencies.
What you should know about genetic testing for mitochondrial disordersmitoaction
Amanda Balog, CGC, Senior Genetic Counselor, Mitochondrial and Metabolic Genetics, of GeneDx discusses: "What You Should Know About Genetic Testing for Mitochondrial Disorders."
My recent introduction talk for the Nutrigenomics Masterclass 2011in Wageningen (The Netherlands):
How to use Nutrigenomics & molecular nutrition? From challenges to solutions
Remodeling of Pancreatic Innervation in DiabetesInsideScientific
The pancreas is densely innervated, and neural signals play a significant role in glucose regulation by modulating pancreatic hormone release. However, relatively little is known about the anatomical relationships between islets and nerves across the whole pancreas. In this webinar, Dr. Sarah Stanley and Dr. Alexandra Alvarsson will discuss their research using tissue clearing and whole organ imaging of the pancreas to identify the 3D structure of pancreatic nerves and islets.
In particular, they will provide an overview of their methodology, which provides detailed information and quantification of pancreatic innervation in healthy pancreas, in canonical models of diabetes and in samples from nondiabetic and diabetic donors. They will also present their findings, demonstrating greatly enriched innervation in the islets with regional variations. They will also discuss beta cell innervation in mouse models of diabetes and in pancreata from human donors with type 2 diabetes.
Key Topics Include:
- Tissue clearing and 3D imaging to allow the mapping of nerves in peripheral organs
- Innervation of peripheral organs such as the pancreas
- How pancreatic nerves are remodeled in diabetes
The document discusses nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. It begins with important terms related to omics fields like genomics, nutrigenomics, and epigenetics. It then provides a basic understanding of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics, including how genetic diversity and environmental factors affect nutrient metabolism and health outcomes. The goals of nutrigenomics are discussed, including customizing nutrition based on an individual's genetics. Experimental approaches like genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics are used to study these fields. Examples are provided on how nutrigenomics has clarified roles of specific dietary factors and potential applications in disease prevention.
Dr Ayman Ewies - The Effect of Exogenous Leptin Administration on Folliculoge...AymanEwies
Exogenous leptin administration in immature albino rats was found to enhance folliculogenesis, increase ovarian weight, and reduce total body weight compared to controls. Specifically, leptin-treated rats had a higher median number of antral follicles, significantly higher ovarian weights, and significantly lower total body weights than control rats across various ages. The results suggest leptin may play a role in female reproduction and metabolism, warranting further study of its potential effects in obese women with impaired reproductive functions.
This document summarizes a lecture on nutrigenomics given by Michael Müller. It discusses how nutrigenomics allows quantification of the interplay between genetics, lifestyle, nutrition, and the environment in determining phenotypes. Specifically, it highlights how genome-wide transcriptome analysis can identify target genes of nutrients and biomarkers of organ health and resilience. It also provides examples of human nutrigenomics studies examining how diets high in saturated fat or polyunsaturated fat alter gene expression and inflammation. The summary concludes that nutrigenomics is enabling a transition to nutritional science 2.0 through comprehensive, integrated applications and system biology analyses.
The document discusses aberrant splicing in myotonic dystrophy and its effects. It describes how aberrant alternative splicing in myotonic dystrophy changes the form of an enzyme called PKM, reverting it to the embryonic form PKM2. This change in enzyme activity is related to the loss of slow muscle fibers seen in myotonic dystrophy. The document also discusses how a small RNA called U6atac controls expression of hundreds of genes by regulating minor intron splicing through the minor spliceosome. U6atac levels influence the rate of minor intron splicing and expression of important genes.
What is health? NUGO International nutrigenomics Conference Wageningen Sept 9...Norwich Research Park
What is health? Can Nutrigenomics allow to quantify metabolic health? (YES)
My very personal conclusions of a wonderful conference (NUGO Week 2011) in Wageningen (The Netherlands) that we organized.
This document contains a summary of Kannan Gandhi's professional experience and qualifications. It details his 7 years of experience in sales, marketing, business development and people management. It provides information on his current role as a Sales Executive at First Gulf Bank and past roles at HDFC ERGO General Insurance Co Ltd, TATA-AIG Life Insurance Co Ltd and MetLife India Insurance Co. Ltd India. Key achievements highlighted include consistently achieving and exceeding sales targets across various roles in the insurance and banking industries.
This short document promotes the creation of Haiku Deck presentations on SlideShare. It features a stock photo and text that reads "Inspired? Create your own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare!" along with a call to action to "GET STARTED".
End user business-continuity.pptx datto slideLaura Breese
The document discusses how small and medium-sized businesses are at an increased risk for data loss and downtime which can threaten the viability of their operations, but that implementing an intelligent backup and disaster recovery solution using modern technologies can help businesses avoid significant costs from downtime by enabling continuity of operations in the event of data loss or system failures. It promotes the benefits of a managed service provider that can implement and oversee such a solution to protect business data and keep businesses running.
Atelier cartographie et datajournalisme par www.open datasoft.com pour social...OpenDataSoft
Synthèse de l'atelier Cartographie et Datajournalisme animé par Jean-Marc Lazard, fondateur de www.opendatasoft.com (journée Social Computing / Just Map'It à La Cantine novembre 2011)
This document describes a study that used co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to identify protein interaction partners of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic subunit in human skeletal muscle. 135 potential interaction partners were identified from muscle biopsies of 17 subjects. Many of the partners are involved in important signaling pathways related to insulin signaling and resistance. The interaction network provides insight into how PP2A regulates these pathways. Comparing partners between lean, obese, and diabetic groups may help understand differences in PP2A regulation related to insulin resistance.
- Oral insulin capsules developed by Oramed Pharmaceuticals were found to successfully lower blood sugar levels in human clinical trials. The company is now conducting a larger 90-day study to further evaluate the capsules' effects on HbA1c and their potential as a safer, more convenient alternative to injected insulin.
- Scientists at the John Innes Centre identified the last missing genes in the Madagascar periwinkle plant that allow it to produce the important cancer-fighting alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine. Understanding these genes could help increase sustainable production of these drugs through plant or synthetic biology techniques.
- Researchers at multiple institutions reported developments that could help advance cancer treatment, including
Nicotine, the core addictive component presents in a substantial quantity in tobacco. Addiction of nicotine in female populations especially who belong to lower socio-economic status causes many adverse effects, like inducing oxidative stress, genotoxicity and disrupting immune response in the body. The investigation was designed to determine fi rst time the improved effi cacy of nanocurcumin against aggravated nicotine-induced toxicity on female system.
Topic: Nicotine, the core addictive component presents in a substantial quantity in tobacco. Addiction of nicotine in female populations especially who belong to lower socio-economic status causes many adverse effects, like inducing oxidative stress, genotoxicity and disrupting immune response in the body. The investigation was designed to determine fi rst time the improved effi cacy of nanocurcumin against aggravated nicotine-induced toxicity on female system.
The effect of varied doses of nicotine on some morphometricAlexander Decker
This study investigated the effects of varied doses of nicotine (0.2 mg/100g, 0.4 mg/100g, 0.6 mg/100g) on morphometric parameters of the testis in male albino Wistar rats over 30 days. The parameters measured included testicular weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, height of epithelium, sertoli-germ cell ratio, and Johnsen's score. Nicotine caused a significant dose-dependent reduction in most parameters, indicating it adversely affected spermatogenesis. Specifically, nicotine significantly reduced the height of epithelium at all doses, and significantly reduced seminiferous tubule diameter, Johnsen's score, and sertoli
This document summarizes a presentation on low dose cytokines in supportive cancer therapy. It discusses how low dose cytokines from GUNA S.p.a, such as IL-4, IL-12, and IFN-γ at concentrations of 10 fg/ml, can enhance the antigen presentation and stimulatory activity of dendritic cells obtained from early stage colorectal cancer patients. An ex vivo study found that sequential exposure of these patient's dendritic cells to low doses of IL-4 and IL-12 increased their ability to stimulate T-cell responses compared to treatment with standard doses of cytokines. The presentation concludes that GUNA's approach using low dose cytokines may provide a novel integrated therapy to activate the immune system in cancer.
This research poster summarizes experiments investigating the effect of glucose deprivation on promoter activity in cancer and non-cancer cell lines. The experiments found no difference in promoter activity between glucose-deprived and non-deprived cells, or between cancer and non-cancer cells. However, further experiments are needed using different glucose concentrations before conclusions can be drawn. The poster outlines the materials, methods, results and future work planned to further study how specific promoters respond to glucose and other stresses.
Behavioural sensitisation to mk 801 is dose-dependent andjoaomarcos2013
The study investigated the effects of MK-801 dose and environmental context on the development of behavioural sensitization in male rats. In experiment 1, rats were administered varying doses of MK-801 or saline daily for 7 days and locomotor activity was measured. Only the 0.25 mg/kg dose produced robust sensitization upon challenge after withdrawal. In experiment 2, rats treated with 0.25 mg/kg MK-801 either in their home cage or a novel test cage both developed equal sensitization, indicating context did not modulate the effect. The results show MK-801 sensitization displays an inverted-U dose response and is independent of the environmental context during drug exposure.
Jianying Xiao has over 16 years of experience in pharmaceutical research. She has expertise in in vivo and in vitro drug discovery techniques related to drug metabolism, infectious diseases, immunology, and cardio-metabolic disorders. She is proficient in various research techniques including animal handling, molecular biology, cell culture, and data analysis software. Jianying has worked at Merck & Co. for over 18 years, leading numerous projects that resulted in publications, patents, and awards. Her work has advanced drug programs from research through clinical trials.
Exposure of neonatal rats to alcohol has differential effects on neuroinflamm...brian baculis
This study investigated the effects of neonatal alcohol exposure on neuroinflammation and neuronal survival in the cerebellum and hippocampus of rats. The researchers exposed rat pups to alcohol vapor from postnatal days 3-5 to model heavy, binge-like third trimester alcohol exposure. They found that this exposure caused Purkinje cell degeneration in the cerebellar vermis at postnatal days 6 and 45, but did not observe neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Significant increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines were observed in both brain regions during alcohol withdrawal periods. Microglial activation was primarily observed in the cerebellar vermis, while astrocyte activation occurred in both brain regions. The findings suggest that heavy, binge-
Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy can negatively impact the fetus and increase risks of birth defects like congenital heart disease (CHD). Studies have found interactions between genetic factors in the fetus and maternal smoking that influence CHD risk. For example, fetuses with certain genotypes in genes related to nicotine metabolism and detoxification had a higher risk of CHD if their mother smoked during pregnancy compared to fetuses without those genotypes. Overall, maternal smoking poses risks to the developing fetus, and some children may be especially susceptible to effects of the toxins in tobacco smoke due to their genetic makeup.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
This document summarizes the development of novel inhibitors of PAK1 for the treatment of breast cancer. It outlines assays to identify small molecules that promote PAK1 dimerization or stabilize its autoinhibited state. Hits from cytotoxicity screening will undergo PAK1 activity, dimerization, and phosphorylation assays. Promising leads will be characterized in vitro and tested in a mouse efficacy model. The goal is to develop PAK1 inhibitors with improved specificity and efficacy compared to existing drugs.
This study examined the effect of leunca fruit (Solanum nigrum Linn) infusion on serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatitis. Male Wistar rats were divided into groups: a negative control, a positive control induced with CCl4, and groups given leunca fruit infusions of different concentrations. SGPT levels were measured on day 10. There was a significant difference between the negative and positive controls, indicating successful hepatitis induction. The highest leunca fruit concentration of 90g/100mL significantly reduced SGPT levels compared to the positive control, suggesting a hepatoprotective effect by inhibiting S
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Zebrafish as an alternative method for determining the embryo toxicity of pla...Noor Zada
The document systematically reviews 12 articles that evaluated the toxicity of various plant products using zebrafish embryos. The plant products tested included caffeine, cannabinoids, nicotine, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, rutin, matrine, sophocarpine, and arecoline. The studies assessed endpoints such as mortality, developmental abnormalities, heart rate, locomotor activity, and growth. Many found similar results to mammalian studies, demonstrating zebrafish embryos can be a valid alternative model for toxicity testing of plant products.
This document summarizes a thesis that compares CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 genotypes and phenotypes in healthy Swedish and Korean subjects. The key findings are:
1) Koreans had a higher incidence of CYP2C19 poor metabolizers (14%) compared to Swedes (4%).
2) CYP2C19 allele frequencies differed between groups, with Koreans having higher *2 and *3 alleles.
3) Koreans displayed lower CYP2C19 enzyme activity than Swedes when homozygous for *1.
4) Gender and oral contraceptive use influenced CYP2C19 activity levels within groups.
5) A case report identified a patient as an ult
The document discusses a study that tested whether the serotonin 1B receptor agonist CP 94253 reduces cocaine intake in rats after a period of prolonged abstinence. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine, then given a 21-day abstinence period. Treatment with CP 94253 after abstinence decreased the rats' responding for cocaine on both the ascending and descending limbs of the cocaine dose-response curve, demonstrating a downward shift. This suggests the agonist decreases cocaine intake and may be a useful treatment for cocaine dependence after prolonged abstinence.
The herbal formulation Hyponidd was found to be as effective as metformin in managing anovulatory PCOS women with insulin resistance by lowering insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia without side effects. A comparison study found that both Hyponidd and metformin significantly reduced fasting insulin levels, insulin resistance indicators, and hyperandrogenemia markers. However, Hyponidd resulted in fewer side effects like nausea and diarrhea than metformin.
1. SRNT ◆ Rapid Communications Abstracts
IN UTERO AND LACTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO NICOTINE:
ALTERATIONS TO THE INTRA-OVARIAN IGF SYSTEM
Carolyn E. Cesta*1
, James J. Petrik2
, Alison C Holloway1
; 1
Reproductive Biology
Division, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,
Canada, 2
Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Introduction: It is well documented that cigarette smoking is associated with a num-
ber of adverse obstetrical outcomes yet 15-20% of all pregnant women smoke. In
human populations there is evidence that in utero exposure to cigarette smoke results
in decreased fertility in female offspring. We have demonstrated, in rats, that fetal and
neonatal exposure to nicotine results in impaired fertility and increased follicular atre-
sia in the adult female offspring. We propose that this effect is due to disruption of the
intra-ovarian IGF system. The IGF family includes the IGF ligands (IGF-I and -II), IGF
binding proteins (IGFBP1-6) and IGF receptors (IGFR-I and -II). In most mammalian
species IGFs and IGFBPs are considered, respectively as stimulators and inhibitors
of follicular growth and maturation and the loss of IGF-I in vivo is associated with
impaired ovulation and sterility. Therefore dysregulation of the intra-ovarian IGF sys-
tem could have significant implications for ovarian function and subsequent fertility.
Objective: To determine if reduced fertility in adult rats exposed to nicotine during
fetal and neonatal development can be attributed to alterations in the intra-ovarian
IGF system.
Methods: Maternal rats were exposed to nicotine (1mg/kg/d) for 2 weeks prior to
mating until weaning. Ovaries were collected from sexually mature saline and nico-
tine exposed offspring in estrous. IGF-I expression was quantified by in formalin-fixed
paraffin embedded tissues. The expression of IGF-I, IGF-II; IGFR-I, IGFR-II; and
IGFBP1-6 in the whole ovary was determined by semi-quantitative reverse tran-
scriptase-PCR. Results: Nicotine exposure significantly reduced IGF-I expression
(p<0.01) relative to saline controls. Furthermore, nicotine-exposed offspring had sig-
nificantly reduced IGFR-II mRNA expression (p<0.01) in the ovary. There was no
effect of nicotine exposure on the mRNA expression of any other component of the
intra-ovarian IGF system.
Conclusion: Results from this study suggest that the decreased fertility and
increased follicular atresia in nicotine-exposed animals may be due, in part, to dis-
ruption of the IGF regulation in the ovary.
Canadian Foundation for Women's Health CIHR Strategic Training Program for
Tobacco Research NSERC
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Carolyn Cesta, B.Sc., Grad. Student, McMaster
Univ., Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1200 Main Street West, Health Science Centre
4N76, Hamilton, ON L8S 3Z5, Canada; phone: 905-525-9140 x22648; fax: 905-524-
2911; email: cestace@mcmaster.ca
POS5-92
NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF NICOTINE AND
COTININE IN FECES OF NICOTINE-EXPOSED ZEBRA
FINCHES
S.L.T. Cappendijk*1
, J. Ott1
, N.C. Farber1
, J.R. James2
; 1
College of Medicine, Dept. of
Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA, 2
Virginia
Commonwealth University, Dept. of Pharmacology, Richmond, VA, USA
Nicotine induces in animals and humans immediate early gene activation in the
amygdala, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, striatum and ventral tegmental
area. These central areas are part of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system.
Homologous cell groups bearing similar names have been identified in the avian
brain. Comparable behavioral effects have been observed in birds and mammals fol-
lowing pharmacological lesions targeting the dopaminergic system. Thus, anatomical
and functional features of the dopaminergic system appear to be conserved in birds
and mammals, which promote the zebra finch as a promising model to use in nico-
tine dependence studies. Since we are the first laboratory to use the zebra finch in
this type of research, we need to verify that nicotine is properly processed. The goal
of this study was to develop a bioassay, which can measure nicotine and cotinine in
zebra finch feces (non-invasive) using mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Based upon
our preliminary data the following doses were given twice a day for 7 consecutive
days: 0.054, 0.18 and 0.54 mg/kg s.c. Feces samples were collected at 2pm on a
daily basis. Frozen fecal samples were lyophilized (24 hr), grounded, sifted through
a stainless steel mesh and mixed thoroughly with 90% methanol in water by vortex-
ing and centrifugation (3000 rpm, 20 min). Internal standard dilution (containing 200
ng/ml each of nicotine-d3 and cotinine-d3 in methanol) was added to each sample.
After vortexing and centrifugation (3000 rpm, 15 min), the supernatant was analyzed
by LC-MS-MS. Calibration Standards for nicotine and cotinine were: 2.0/1.0, 7.8,
15.6, 31.3, 62.5, 125.0, 250.0, 500.0 and 1000 ng/ml in 90% methanol in water. The
selectivity of the method was determined by analysis of fecal samples for each nico-
tine concentration and a control group. No interference was observed at the reten-
tion times of nicotine and cotinine. The data show that the zebra finches treated with
nicotine, have measurable concentrations of nicotine in feces. Further studies will
examine the relationship between the nicotine doses administered and the concen-
tration of nicotine and cotinine in feces and plasma samples.
The James and Ester King Biomedical Research Program, Grant nr. 06-NIR-02 to
SC; Bess Ward Honors Thesis Grant, Florida State University to NF.
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Susanne Cappendijk, Ph.D., Assist. Prof., College of
Medicine, FSU, Biomedical Sciences, 1115 West Call Str., Tallahassee, FL 32306,
USA; phone: 850-645-1483; fax: 850-644-5781; email: susanne.cappendijk@
med.fsu.edu
POS5-93
LIMITED EFFECTIVENESS OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE
INHIBITION ON ESTABLISHED NICOTINE
SELF-ADMINISTRATION IN RATS
Golriz Baharnouri, Robert E. Sorge*, Paul B. S. Clarke, Dept. of Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Current smokers have abnormally low monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and it
has been suggested that MAO inhibition caused by cigarettes makes nicotine more
reinforcing. This notion is based largely on intravenous self-administration studies in
rats, showing that chronic treatment with MAO inhibitors can increase the reinforcing
value of nicotine (Guillem et al. 2006; Villegier et al., 2007). However, these animal
studies produced near-total MAO inhibition, far beyond the 30-40% reduction seen in
smokers. In addition, these experiments focused on the acquisition of nicotine self-
administration. We now report the effects of graded, irreversible MAO inhibition on
established nicotine self-administration. Five separate experiments examined the
potential of either a combination of clorgyline (0.01-1.0 mg/kg) and pargyline (0.05-
4.0 mg/kg), or tranylcypromine (0.75-6.0 mg/kg) to alter nicotine self-administration.
We tested both the standard “fast infusion/high dose” model of nicotine self-
administration (3 sec infusions of 30 μg/kg) and our new “slow/low” model that more
closely models nicotine kinetics associated with smoking (30 sec, 3 μg/kg). Rats
were tested for three days following acute treatment of MAO inhibitor(s) once they
had stabilized on a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement. The MAO
inhibitors dose-dependently inhibited MAO-A and MAO-B, but had little effect on nico-
tine self-administration. Breakpoints and nicotine intake were significantly increased
in only one experimental condition: the highest dose combination of clorgyline and
pargyline, tested with “fast/high” nicotine delivery. These effects were associated with
a high degree of MAO-A and B inhibition (85 and 70%, respectively). Finally, MAO
inhibitors appear to increase nicotine self-administration only under restricted condi-
tions: (1) during acquisition of the behaviour and chronic treatment (shown previous-
ly), (2) in the traditional “fast/high” model of nicotine self-administration, and/or (3) at
doses that produce MAO inhibition beyond that reported in smokers. Hence, MAO
inhibition is unlikely to appreciably potentiate the reinforcing effects of nicotine in
smokers.
Funded by the Canadian Tobacco Control Research Initiative (CTCRI) and
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Robert Sorge, Ph.D., Postdoc. Fellow, McGill
University, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 3655 Sir William Osler, Rm. 1320,
McIntyre Medical Bldg., Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; phone: 514-398-3616 x2;
email: robert.sorge@mcgill.ca
POS5-94
NICOTINE SELECTIVELY INCREASES VOLUNTARY
ETHANOL INTAKE DURING ADOLESCENCE, BUT
NOT LATER IN LIFE
Antoniette M. Maldonado, M.A.*, Katherine E. Robbins, Brittany E. Harrison, Kent K.
Alipour & Cheryl L. Kirstein, Ph.D. Cognitive and Neural Sciences, Department of
Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
Combined use of alcohol and tobacco are highly prevalent in today’s society.
Reported rates of tobacco use in alcoholics are as high as ninety percent. Most of
these individuals begin use of these substances during adolescence. The present set
of experiments aimed to assess the short- and long-term effects of nicotine or saline
treatment during adolescence or adulthood on voluntary sweetened ethanol or
sucrose-alone intake. Experiments 1 and 2 assessed the short-term effects of nico-
tine or saline on voluntary sweetened ethanol intake in adolescent (Exp. 1) or adult
(Exp. 2) male rats. Experiments 3 and 4 assessed the effects of nicotine on volun-
tary sucrose intake in adolescent (Exp. 3) or adult (Exp. 4) male rats. Nicotine and
saline pretreated rats were assessed for subsequent voluntary ethanol intake later in
life in adolescent-exposed (Exp. 3) and adult-exposed (Exp. 4) rats. Rats were
exposed to sweetened ethanol or sucrose-alone during adolescence [postnatal day
(PND) 28-45] or adulthood (PND 60-77). Twenty minutes before access to ethanol or
sucrose, adolescent and adult rats were administered 0.6 mg/kg/sc nicotine or saline.
In Exp. 3 and 4, all rats underwent abstinence from PND 46-59 for adolescents and
PND 78-91 for adults. All rats were subsequently assessed for voluntary ethanol
intake in adulthood in adolescent-exposed (PND 60-69) and adult-exposed (PND 92-
101) rats. Nicotine increased ethanol intake in adolescent but not adult rats. In con-
trast, nicotine did not increase sucrose intake in either adolescents or adults.
Therefore, the elevated ethanol intake observed in adolescents was not merely
attributed to sucrose. Additionally, there were no significant differences in ethanol
intake later in life in nicotine- or saline- pretreated rats, regardless of pretreatment
during adolescence or adulthood. Taken together, nicotine pretreatment alone during
adolescence or adulthood did not increase subsequent ethanol intake later in life,
however, nicotine did increase ethanol intake selectively in adolescents, but not
adults. Together, these data highlight the unique vulnerability to the combined effects
of ethanol and nicotine only during adolescence.
Funding was provided by the University of South Florida Department of
Psychology.
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Cheryl Kirstein, Ph.D., Prof., Univ. of South Florida,
4202 East Fowler Ave., Dept. of Psychology-PCD 4118G, Tampa, FL 33620-7200,
USA; phone: 813-974-9626; fax: 813-974-4617; email: kirstein@cas.usf.edu
POS5-95
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