Lecture

1. COMMUNICATION
INTERCULTURAL

2. Culture is a complex concept
encompassing the shared
beliefs, values, practices, and
material objects that
characterize a group of
people.

3. WHAT IS
INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION?

4. Intercultural Communication is
the exchange of messages
between people from different
cultural background. It’s not only
about different nationalities; it
can also mean differences in
social groups, generations,
professions, or regions.

5. ELEMENTS OF
INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION

6. 1. LANGUAGE or
VERBAL

7. A system of spoken, written,
or signed words used to
communicate thoughts,
ideas, and feelings between
people.

8. 2. NON-VERBAL
CUES

9. Communication through
body language, facial
expressions, gestures,
posture, and tone of voice
rather than words.

10. 3. VALUES &
BELIEFS

11. Deeply held principles
and ideas that guide how
people think, behave, and
view the world, shaped
by their culture.

12. 4. CUSTOMS &
TRADITIONS

13. Established ways of doing
things and cultural practices
passed down from one
generation to another, such as
celebrations, rituals, and
etiquette.

14. BARRIERS TO
INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION

15. 0
1
Language
Differences

16. Meaning: When people do not
share the same language, or one
person struggles with vocabulary,
grammar, or pronunciation.
Effect: Misunderstandings,
difficulty expressing ideas, or
frustration.

17. 02
Stereotypes
and Bias

18. Meaning: A stereotype is a
generalized belief about a group
of people; bias is favoring one
group over another without fair
judgment.
Effect: Creates false assumptions
and unfair treatment.

19. 03
Ethnocentrism

20. Meaning: Believing your own
culture is better or more
important than others.
Effect: Leads to disrespect,
looking down on other cultures,
and refusing to adapt.

21. 04
Lack of
Knowledge or
Exposure

22. Meaning: Not having enough
information or experience with
other cultures.
Effect: Leads to confusion,
awkwardness, or unintentional
offense.

23. In intercultural
communication, barriers such
as language differences,
stereotypes, and
ethnocentrism can prevent
understanding.

24. Developing intercultural
sensitivity helps us break
down these barriers by
promoting awareness, respect,
and adaptability.

25. WHAT IS
INTERCULTURAL or
CULTURAL
SENSITIVITY?

26. Intercultural or Cultural
Sensitivity means being aware of,
understanding, and respecting
cultural differences and
adjusting your communication so
you can interact effectively with
people from other cultures.

27. The
DEVELOPMENTAL
MODEL of
INTERCULTURAL
SENSITIVITY (DMIS)

28. DMIS stands for Developmental
Model of Intercultural
Sensitivity.
Created by Milton Bennett. It
explains how people respond to
cultural differences as they gain
more intercultural experience and
awareness.

29. The model has 6 stages, grouped
into two categories:
Ethnocentric stages → You see
your own culture as the center
and judge others by it.
Ethnorelative stages → You
recognize and value cultural
differences.

30. ETHNOCENTRIC STAGES
(Seeing the world mainly from
your own culture’s point of view)
1. Denial
2. Defense
3. Minimization

31. ETHNORELATIVE STAGES
(Seeing the world from multiple
cultural perspectives)
4. Acceptance
5. Adaptation
6. Integration

32. STAGES
OF
DMIS

33. 1. Denial
You don’t notice cultural
differences, or you think other
cultures don’t matter.
Example: A student ignores an
exchange student and never asks
about their background.

34. 2. Defense
You notice differences but think
your culture is better.
Example: Foreigners should follow
our way of speaking because it’s the
correct one.

35. 3. Minimization
You accept differences, but
downplay them.
Example: A teacher uses only one
teaching style for all students,
assuming everyone learns the same
way.

36. 4. Acceptance
You recognize that cultures are
different and valid.
Example: Welcoming a group
mate’s idea even if it’s unfamiliar.

37. 5. Adaptation
You can adjust your behavior and
communication based on the
culture you’re interacting with.
Example: Speaking slower for
someone learning English, or
changing gestures to avoid offense.

38. 5. Integration
You can move between cultures naturally and use
different cultural perspectives in your identity.
Example: An overseas Filipino worker in Dubai speaks
Tagalog with fellow Filipinos, Arabic with local co-
workers, and English with clients, switching smoothly
depending on the situation.

39. Why DMIS is
important?

40.  It shows that cultural sensitivity
develops over time, you can move
from being unaware to being
highly adaptable.
 It helps you self-check: “Which
stage am I in right now?”
 It guides you in improving your
intercultural communication

41. THANKYOU
GROUP
1