7. Energiatehokkuus
•Tavoitteena ”lähes nollaenergiarakennus”
•Tällöin energiamuotojen yhteismitallistamiskertoimilla
painotettu rakennuksen netto-ostoenergia ilman
käyttäjäsähköä saa olla enintään 80 kWh/ohm²/a (kun
ohjelma-ala on 12855 ohm2)
•Kilpailuehdotusten energiatehokkuutta arvioitiin
kokonaisenergiankulutuksen säästönä verrattuna
”tavanomaiseen” ratkaisuun.
8. Paikallinen uusiutuvan energian
tuotanto
Suunnitteluratkaisun laskennallisesta, vuotuisesta
kokonaissähkönkulutuksesta (kiinteistö- ja käyttäjäsähkö
yhteensä) tulee tuottaa 15 % paikallisesti kiinteistöllä
esimerkiksi aurinkopaneelien tai tuulivoimaloiden avulla.
9. Materiaalitehokkuus ja materiaalien
ekologinen kestävyys
•Tätä mitattiin rakennusmateriaalien valmistuksen ja ylläpidon
kasvihuonekaasupäästöillä 100 vuoden tarkastelujaksolla
(hiilijalanjälki)
•Laskentaan kehitettiin laskuri, jolla arvoitiin kilpailuehdotusten
päämateriaalien hiilijalanjälki
•Laskuri huomioi seuraavat rakenteet:
- Alapohja - Runkorakenteet
- Ulkoseinät - Välipohja
- Ikkunat ja lasiseinät -Yläpohja, kattorakenteet
- Kantavat väliseinät -Eristeet ja pintamateriaalit
10. Calculating carbon footprint /1
SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1 SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1
Senaatti-Kiinteistöt Contact person: Ari Nissinen, SYKE, ari.nissinen@ymparisto.fi Senaatti-Kiinteistöt
For carbon Name of the competition entry:
Name of the team:
MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT
Structure-specific calculations
MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT Base floor /1
footprint, SUMMARY SHEET:
Main structures together - Carbon footprint
Type of structure:
Total area in the building: m2
Default area (i.e. area for which the volume of each material is given): 1 m2
Volume of the structure, per default area (just for check, not used in calculations): m3
use Structures Total area
in the building emissions
Carbon footprint
storage together
Verbal description of the structure (give below): check: 0
3
dm (i.e. liters)
m2 kg CO2-eq kg CO2-eq kg CO2-eq
the Excel- Base floor
Base floor
/1
/2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
In addition, attach a figure of the structural details, indicating main materials.
Base floor /3 0 0 0 0
tool Base floors together
Exterior wall /1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Building materials and their carbon footprint
Exterior wall /2 0 0 0 0
Material Properties Volume Weight Replacing Carbon footpri
and Exterior wall /3 0 0 0 0
(Starting from outside) (See Specific Green- Carbon per default is auto- If no replacing
storage
emissions
Exterior walls together 0 0 0 0
materials and their properties in weight house gas storage area matically during 100
Windows and glass walls /1 0 0 0 0 (w eight per emissions
years, value
Appendix 18.2. of the Instructions) calculated
instructions Windows and glass walls
Windows and glass walls
/2
/3
Windows and glass walls together
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
v olume)
kg/m
3
g CO2-eq/kg
3
g CO2-eq/kg dm (i.e. liters) kg
is 1
kg CO2-eq
0 1 0 0
Load-bearing partitions /1 0 0 0 0
and Load-bearing partitions
Load-bearing partitions
/2
/3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Load-bearing partitions together 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
source data Frame
Frame
Frame
/1
/2
/3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0 1 0 0
Frame together 0 0 0 0
given in Intermediate floors
Intermediate floors
/1
/2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Intermediate floors /3 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
Intermediate floors together 0 0 0 0
a separate Roof
Roof
/1
/2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Introduce here the materials, that are easier to estimate by weight than by volume:
Nails, fixing materials 500 0
Weight
1 0 0
1 0 0
Roof /3 0 0 0 0
1
Document.
0 0
Roof together 0 0 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
Carbon footprint 0 0 0 0
emissions storage together SUMMARY check above
kg CO2-eq kg CO2-eq kg CO2-eq Carbon footprint of the structure per square meter, kg CO 2-eq / m 2 0 0
Main structures together 0 0 0 Carbon footprint of the structure type in the building, kg CO 2 -eq 0 0
11. Calculating carbon footprint /2
SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1
Senaatti-Kiinteistöt
Introduce MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT
Structure-specific calculations
Base floor /1
text and values Type of structure:
Total area in the building: m2
Default area (i.e. area for which the volume of each material is given): 1 m2
Volume of the structure, per default area (just for check, not used in calculations): m3
only to cells Verbal description of the structure (give below): check: 0
3
dm (i.e. liters)
that are
In addition, attach a figure of the structural details, indicating main materials.
yellow. Building materials and their carbon footprint
Material Properties Volume Weight Replacing Carbon footprint
(Starting from outside) (See Specific Green- Carbon per default is auto- If no replacing
storage
emissions
materials and their properties in weight house gas storage area matically during 100
years, value
Appendix 18.2. of the Instructions) (w eight per emissions calculated
v olume)
is 1
Intermediate kg/m
3
g CO2-eq/kg
3
g CO2-eq/kg dm (i.e. liters) kg
0 1
kg CO2-eq
0 0
0 1 0 0
and final results 0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0 1 0 0
appear in 0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 1 0 0
the grey cells. 0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Introduce here the materials, that are easier to estimate by weight than by volume: Weight
Nails, fixing materials 500 0 1 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
0 0 0 0
SUMMARY check above
Carbon footprint of the structure per square meter, kg CO 2-eq / m 2 0 0
Carbon footprint of the structure type in the building, kg CO 2 -eq 0 0
12. Calculating carbon footprint /3
For each main structure, you can specify three different options
and their share (as m2).
1. 2. 3.
SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1 SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1 SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1
Senaatti-Kiinteistöt Senaatti-Kiinteistöt Senaatti-Kiinteistöt
MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT
Structure-specific calculations Structure-specific calculations Structure-specific calculations
Type of structure: Base floor /1 Type of structure: Base floor /2 Type of structure: Base floor /3
Total area in the building: m2 Total area in the building: m2 Total area in the building: m2
2 2
Default area (i.e. area for which the volume of each material is given): 1 m Default area (i.e. area for which the volume of each material is given): 1 m Default area (i.e. area for which the volume of each material is given): 1 m2
Volume of the structure, per default area (just for check, not used in calculations): m3 Volume of the structure, per default area (just for check, not used in calculations): m3 Volume of the structure, per default area (just for check, not used in calculations): m3
3
Verbal description of the structure (give below): check: 0 dm (i.e. liters) Verbal description of the structure (give below): check: 0 dm3 (i.e. liters) Verbal description of the structure (give below): check: 0 dm3 (i.e. liters)
In addition, attach a figure of the structural details, indicating main materials. In addition, attach a figure of the structural details, indicating main materials. In addition, attach a figure of the structural details, indicating main materials.
Building materials and their carbon footprint Building materials and their carbon footprint Building materials and their carbon footprint
Material Properties Volume Weight Replacing Carbon footprint
Material Properties Volume Weight Replacing Carbon footprint
Material Properties Volume Weight Replacing Carbon footprint
is auto- If no replacing is auto- If no replacing is auto- If no replacing
storage
storage
storage
(Starting from outside) (See Specific Green- Carbon per default (Starting from outside) (See Specific Green- Carbon per default (Starting from outside) (See Specific Green- Carbon per default
emissions
emissions
emissions
materials and their properties in weight house gas storage area matically during 100 materials and their properties in weight house gas storage area matically during 100 materials and their properties in weight house gas storage area matically during 100
years, value years, value years, value
Appendix 18.2. of the Instructions) (w eight per emissions calculated is 1
Appendix 18.2. of the Instructions) (w eight per emissions calculated is 1
Appendix 18.2. of the Instructions) (w eight per emissions calculated is 1
v olume) v olume) v olume)
3 3 3 3 3 3
kg/m g CO2-eq/kg g CO2-eq/kg dm (i.e. liters) kg kg CO2-eq kg/m g CO2-eq/kg g CO2-eq/kg dm (i.e. liters) kg kg CO2-eq kg/m g CO2-eq/kg g CO2-eq/kg dm (i.e. liters) kg kg CO2-eq
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
Introduce here the materials, that are easier to estimate by weight than by volume: Weight Introduce here the materials, that are easier to estimate by weight than by volume: Weight Introduce here the materials, that are easier to estimate by weight than by volume: Weight
Nails, fixing materials 500 0 1 0 0 Nails, fixing materials 500 0 1 0 0 Nails, fixing materials 500 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
SUMMARY check above SUMMARY SUMMARY
Carbon footprint of the structure per square meter, kg CO2-eq / m2 0 0 Carbon footprint of the structure per square meter, kg CO2-eq / m2 0 0 Carbon footprint of the structure per square meter, kg CO2-eq / m2 0 0
Carbon footprint of the structure type in the building, kg CO2 -eq 0 0 Carbon footprint of the structure type in the building, kg CO2-eq 0 0 Carbon footprint of the structure type in the building, kg CO2-eq 0 0
13. Calculating carbon footprint /4
SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1
Senaatti-Kiinteistöt
For each major MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT
Structure-specific calculations Consider also,
material in the Type of structure: Base floor /1 is there a need
m2
structure, use the Total area in the building:
Default area (i.e. area for which the volume of each material is given): 1 m2
to replace the
Volume of the structure, per default area (just for check, not used in calculations): m3
values given in Verbal description of the structure (give below): check: 0
3
dm (i.e. liters)
material during
Appendix 19.2 the 100 year
for:
In addition, attach a figure of the structural details, indicating main materials.
period.
Building materials and their carbon footprint
- specific weights, Material
(Starting from outside) (See Specific
Properties
Green-
Volume Weight Replacing Carbon footprint
Carbon per default is auto- If no replacing
storage
emissions
materials and their properties in weight house gas storage area matically during 100
- greenhouse gas Appendix 18.2. of the Instructions) (w eight per emissions
v olume)
kg/m
3
g CO2-eq/kg
3
calculated
g CO2-eq/kg dm (i.e. liters)
years, value
is 1
kg CO2-eq
kg
emissions 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0
1
- carbon storages. 0
0 1
0
0
0
0
0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Results for
1
Estimate volume 0
1
0 0
the type of
0 0 0
0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0
or weight Introduce here the materials, that are easier to estimate by weight than by volume: Weight
of each material
Nails, fixing materials 500 0 1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
structure are
1 0 0
per square meter. 0 0
1 0
0
0
0
shown here.
SUMMARY check above
Carbon footprint of the structure per square meter, kg CO 2-eq / m 2 0 0
Carbon footprint of the structure type in the building, kg CO 2 -eq 0 0
14. Calculating carbon footprint /5
Appendix 19 presents
instructions and source
data.
Make the calculations with
the given values!
Additionally, if you wish,
you can also calculate a
second version, using
your own data for e.g.
greenhouse gas
emissions of materials.
Give arguments for these
values!
15. Calculating carbon footprint /6
SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX 19.1
Senaatti-Kiinteistöt Contact person: Ari Nissinen, SYKE, ari.nissinen@ymparisto.fi
Name of the competition entry:
Name of the team:
MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT
SUMMARY SHEET:
Main structures together - Carbon footprint
In the first page
Structures Total area Carbon footprint
’Main structures together’, Base floor /1
in the building
m2
0
emissions
kg CO2-eq
0
storage
kg CO2-eq
0
together
kg CO2-eq
0
Base floor /2 0 0 0 0
both the emissions from the Base floor
Base floors together
/3 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Exterior wall /1 0 0 0 0
production of the materials Exterior wall
Exterior wall
Exterior walls together
/2
/3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Windows and glass walls /1 0 0 0 0
as well as the storage of Windows and glass walls
Windows and glass walls
/2
/3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Windows and glass walls together 0 0 0 0
Load-bearing partitions /1 0 0 0 0
carbon dioxide in the structure Load-bearing partitions
Load-bearing partitions
/2
/3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Load-bearing partitions together 0 0 0 0
are shown. Frame
Frame
Frame
/1
/2
/3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Frame together 0 0 0 0
Intermediate floors /1 0 0 0 0
Intermediate floors /2 0 0 0 0
Intermediate floors /3 0 0 0 0
All three values, i.e. ’emissions’, Intermediate floors together
Roof
Roof
/1
/2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
’storage’ and ’together’, are Roof
Roof together
/3 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
used in the evaluation. emissions
kg CO2-eq
Carbon footprint
storage
kg CO2-eq
together
kg CO2-eq
Main structures together 0 0 0
17. APILA 1 /2
•Erityisenä ansiona on omaleimainen arkkitehtoninen
ilmaisu, joka synnyttää alueen kaupunkirakenteeseen ja -
kuvaan uuden, käyttäjästään kertovan ja ympäristöarvoja
heijastavan lisän
•Puurakenteisen rakennuksen tilat on sijoitettu puolilämpimiä
sisäpihoja kiertäviin kapeahkoihin rakennusrunkoihin
•Katetut, puolilämpimät sisäpihat vähentävät olennaisesti
ulkovaipan pinta-alaa ja parantavat energiatehokkuutta
•Rakennuksen mitoitus soveltuu hyvin puurakentamiseen ja
tarjoaa luonnonvalo-olosuhteiltaan erinomaiset työskentelytilat.
18. APILA 1 /2
•Esitetyt tekniset ratkaisut muodostavat erinomaisen
kokonaisuuden
•Puurakenteisessa Apilassa oli pienin energiankulutus
ja alhaisimmat 30 vuodelle lasketut energiankäytön ja
rakennusmateriaalien hiilidioksidipäästöt
•Samalla se oli myös rakennuskustannuksiltaan
edullisin
•Tulos osoittaa, että suurehkosta matalasta
rakennusmassastakin on mahdollista saada
kustannustehokkaasti hyvin energiatehokas.
19. Technical solutions used in competition entries (1/2)
Structural solutions:
• Valaistus and Pastorale were steel-framed, while the rest timber-framed
• of the steel-framed entries, wooden floor and facade elements have been used in
Valaistus, while steel-concrete composite slab intermediate floor construction and
steel cassette facade elements have been used in Pastorale
• the use of timber and steel construction achieved advantages in materials efficiencies
• concrete was used however commonly for the laboratory facilities
Energy supply:
• district heating in Solaris and Valaistus, as well as to a significant extent (40%) in
Pastorale
• in other entries’ heat pumps/boreholes were used with the peak power from the
district heating, except in 191910 from electricity
• free cooling from boreholes was utilized in all entries
• waste heat of continuously cooled rooms caused some confusion and was not utilized
in all entries
20. Technical solutions used in competition entries (2/2)
Solar heat and electricity
• Solar cells were commonly placed on the roofs (where the generation of electrical
power is more efficient), but in a few entries also on facades, facilitating also as solar
protection screens
• In Solaris, the positioning of the solar collectors was seen exceptionally difficult for
maintenance
• Similarly in Valaistus , the solar cells have been placed in a difficultly maintenanced
location, but the solution had better development potential
• In the other competition works, the placement of solar cells, either on the roof or
facades, were fairly successful
Natural light and solar protection
• In all competition entries, natural light had been utilized more or less in an exemplary
fashion, and solar protection had been solved with effective external solar protection
solutions
Ventilation
• All competition entries used mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation with heat
recovery and air conditioning, that was supported with summer time natural
ventilation in atriums in some entries
22. Ecological and economic efficiency results (CO2 of
materials + energy use of 30 years vs. construction +
energy cost)
12000
9000
Solaris
tCO2-ekv
Valaistus
Pikkukampus
Pastorale
6000
Apila
191910
3000
55 60 65 70
M€
25. Puutuotteiden elinkaaritarkastelu perustuen
nettohiilitaseisiin
• Puutuotteiden elinkaaritarkasteluissa otetaan huomioon
metsätuotannon dynamiikka ja hiilitasemuutokset (CO2) ajan
suhteen.
• Metsien hiilensidonnan sisällyttäminen rakennusten ja
rakennusmateriaalien ilmastovaikutusten elinkaarilaskentaan
mahdollistaa puutuotteiden vertailun muihin tuotteisiin niiden
ilmastovaikutuksien suhteen.
• Näiden lisäksi huomioidaan puutuotteiden valmistuksen ja
muiden elinkaarivaiheiden, kuten kuljetuksien,
kasvihuonekaasupäästöt.
• Tarkoituksena on mahdollistaa nykyistä luotettavampi
ilmastovaikutusten elinkaariarviointi rakennusten,
rakennusmateriaalien ja tuotemallien suunnitteluvaiheessa.
26. Elinkaarilaskelmien toteutus;
Metsätuotannon elinkaarityökalu
Working paths
+
C
a
E
+
r
n b
e o
r n
g
y
Net exchange of CO2 e
m
i i
n s
p s
• Metsäekosysteemimalli yhdistetty u
t
i
o
päästölaskentatyökaluun. n
• Mahdollistaa netto CO2 vaihto (Cnet) -----
laskelmat metsätuotannolle “kehdosta
hautaan”.
Timber in pulp and Energy wood in power
• Kilpeläinen et al. 2011. Global Change saw mill plant
Biology Bioenergy 2011. Life cycle
assessment tool for estimating net CO2 Energy and carbon balance
exchange of forest production
Kilpeläinen et al. 2011
26
27. Metsätuotannon elinkaarityökalu
• Ainespuun (tukki ja kuitu) eri tuotanto- ja käyttöskenaarioille
voidaan laskea nettohiilitaseita (Cnet)
• Nettovaihtoja vertailemalla päästään käsiksi
elinkaarimenetelmien keinoin nettoilmastovaikutuksiin.
• Laskennan tulos voidaan allokoida esim. tuotettua
sahatavara m3 kohti.
• Vertailutilanteen valinta ja aikadynamiikka tärkeä
huomioida laskennassa.
• Tämä mahdollistaa puutuotteiden ilmastovaikutuksien
vertailun muiden rakennustuotteiden ilmastovaikutuksiin
(esim. betoni) nettohiilitasetarkasteluihin perustuen.