Lesions of oral mucosa in children

1. Dr Sachin Rathod
Email:- drsachin.rathod@yahoo.com
LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA IN CHILDREN

2. LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA IN
CHILDREN
LESIONS OF ORAL SOFT TISSUES
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS OF
ORAL MUCOSA
INFECTIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA
HEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS
NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES
NEOPLASMS
MISCELLANEOUS

3. DEVELOPMENTAL
DISORDERS
These disorders can be due to genetic
abnormalities or mutation of the
single or multiple genes and some
with environmental influence.

5. DEVELOPMENTAL ANAMOLIES
OF LIP
OROFACIAL CLEFTS
COMMISSURAL LIP PITS
PARAMEDIAN LIP PITS
DOUBLE LIP
ORAL MELANOTIC MACULES

6. TRAUMATIC LESIONS OF LIP
MUCOCELE are the most common soft
tissue swelling or cyst of the minor
salivary glands filled with mucous. when
such collection of mucous occurs in the
floor of the mouth it referred as ranula.
mucocele
Extravasation type Retention type

7. CLINICAL FEATURES
Extra vasation type is seen as a dome-
shaped, painless swelling measuring
few mm to few cm in size, may appear
translucent like a vesicle.
The cause for this being trauma and
lower lip is favourable site.
In children it is usually associated
with lip biting.

8. • mucocele

10. TREATMENT
Surgical excision.
Some lesions may resolve on their
own.

11. Developmental disorder of buccal
mucosa
Focal epithelial hyperplasia
Fordyce’s granules
White spongy nevus

12. • Fordyce’s granules

13. Developmental anomalies of
tongue
Aglossia
Microglossia
Macroglossia
Ankyloglossia
Fissured tongue
Geographic tongue
Cleft tongue
Lingual thyroid
Hairy tongue

14. ANKYLOGLOSSSIA
Ankyloglossia is characterized by an
abnormally short lingual
frenum,resulting in complete or
partial attachment of tongue to the
floor of mouth.
it may lead to decreased mobility of
the tongue.

15. • Ankyloglossia

16. TREATMENT
FRENECTOMY.

17. CLINICAL FEATURES
Partial Ankyloglossia or tongue tie is
more common.
This defect may lead in disorders of
speech,deformities in dental
occlusion, difficulty in feeding and
deglutition.

18. GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE
Also known as migratory glossitis.
It is an idiopathic condition.
Seen in children characterized by
multifocal,patchy,sharply demarcated,
irregular areas of surface erosions on
dorsal surface of tongue.
The periphery of these lesions shows
whitish serpiginous or snaky white
lines.

19. • GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE

20. The prevalence of this disease is about
1 -3% of the population.
These lesions are usually
asymptomatic but some may complain
of burning sensation or sensitivity to
hot and spicy food.

21. MICROSCOPIC FEATURES
The hyperplastic epithelium shows
focal collection of neutrophils
designated as munro’s abscess within
the epithelium.

22. TREATMENT
Topical or systemic cortisone.

23. LINGUAL THYROID
This occur due to failure in descent of
the thyroid tissue to its final normal
position during embryogenesis.
During the development by about 3-4
week of fetal life the epithelial
proliferation occurs from embryonic
pharynx.

24. • LINGUAL THYROID

25. The initial site of descent eventually
becomes the foramen cecum located
in midline at junction of anterior 2/3rd
and posterior1/3rd of tongue.

26. Developmental disorders of
gingiva
Fibromatosis gingivae
Retrocuspid papilla
Gingival cyst of new born
Cyst of dental lamilla
Epstein pearls
Bohn’s nodules

27. Developmental disorders of floor
of the mouth
Sublingual dermoid or dermoid cyst
Oral lympho-epithelial cyst

28. Traumatic lesion in the floor of
the mouth
• Ranula

29. Herpes simplex virus
It is a DNA virus.
Types of herpes virus
1. HSV -1
2. HSV -2
Primary infection usually Occur in child
under 5 years of age.
HSV-1 causing infection in upper part of
body.
HSV- 2 causing infection in lower part of
body

31. Infection of the oral mucosa
• It may be caused by viruses ,bacteria
and fungi.
Viral infections
Herpes simplex virus infection.

32. • A prodrome consisting of focal itching, burning or
tingling sensation on the lips may precede herpes
labialis.
• Oral sign & symptoms :-
a) The condition appears as diffuse erythematous shiny
involvement of gingiva & adjacent oral mucosa with
varying degrees of edema and gingival bleeding.
b) The ulcers may be observed on area of mucous
membrane.
c) The diseases is accompanied by generalized soreness
of the oral cavity which interfere with drinking and
eating.
d) In Infants the diseases is marked by refusal to take
food and irritability.

33. Treatment
• Application of mild topical anesthetic
such as dyclonine hydrochloride.
• Lidocane
• An Anti histaminic drug
• Acyclovir 5 % ointment

34. Bacterial infection affecting the
oral mucosa
Syphilis
Congenital syphilis
Tuberculosis
Actinomycosis
Scarlet fever
Noma or cancrum oris

35. RECCURENT HERPETIC
INFECTION
• It may manifest in about one and
three who had primary infection either
clinical or subclinical infection.

36. Fungal infection of oral
mucosa
• Candidiasis
A. acute candidiasis
B. chronic candidiasis
C. mucocutaneous candidiasis

37. Microscopic features of
candidiasis

38. Hematological disorders
Hemoglobinopathies
Nutritional deficiency
Vitamin-a deficiency
Vitamin-b1 deficiency
Vitamin-b3 deficiency
Vitamin-b2 deficiency
Vitamin-b12 deficiency
Vitamin-c deficiency
Protien deficiency

39. Miscellaneous lesions of oral
mucosa
Riga- fede disease
Frictional keratosis
Apthous ulcer
Traumatic ulcers

40. Apthous ulcer

41. Neoplasm of oral mucosa
Benign connective tissue neoplasm of the oral
mucosa
Fibroma
Hemangioma
Lymphangioma
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy
Congenital epulis,congenital granular cell
lesion
Neurofibroma
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma

42. • Rhabdomyosarcoma

43. • Lymphangioma

44. • Hemangioma

45. Dr Sachin Rathod
Email:- drsachin.rathod@yahoo.com