Leonhard Euler was an 18th century Swiss mathematician known as "the Cyclops" due to his lazy right eye. He had exceptional mental calculation skills and memory. Some of Euler's most important contributions to mathematics include Euler's identity, which utilizes five fundamental constants; Euler's polyhedral formula relating the numbers of faces, edges and vertices of polyhedra; and Euler's method for solving differential equations. Euler also studied the nine-point circle construction of triangles.