1) Most of the work under the President's Recovery Priorities has been planning and setting up systems to support development in key areas like education, energy, governance, health, private sector development, social welfare and water.
2) Progress includes the Anti-Corruption Commission rolling out an online reporting mechanism to tackle corruption, and a nationwide water point mapping survey to provide data to improve access to safe drinking water.
3) Nearly 2 million trees will be planted to reduce environmental damage and improve the water situation by restoring catchment areas.
Myra Kraft Open Classroom - 2/15/17 - "Leveraging Regional and Local"neupolicyschool
John Lebeaux, Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources, reviews the Commonwealth’s efforts to leverage its surprisingly diverse agricultural sector (Video of accompanying talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csDga3zcgBU&index=17&list=PLhGq7NS5QKvWznjCKM_gI0F0yAJZJLR_9).
Myra Kraft Open Classroom - 2/15/17 - "Leveraging Regional and Local"neupolicyschool
John Lebeaux, Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources, reviews the Commonwealth’s efforts to leverage its surprisingly diverse agricultural sector (Video of accompanying talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csDga3zcgBU&index=17&list=PLhGq7NS5QKvWznjCKM_gI0F0yAJZJLR_9).
Assessing the availability of community water at Madlangamphisi, a community ...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
The research was conducted to assess the availability of domestic water and the extent of the problems associated with water scarcity at Madlangamphisi area in the Hhohho district of Eswatini. The research was a descriptive survey. A questionnaire was used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data for the survey. A total of 169 households out of 300 households in the community were randomly selected to participate in the survey. The majority (56.2%) of the households confirmed that there was water scarcity problems in the area as the streams they used for domestic water frequently dried up during the winter months. The study showed that a majority, 51.5% used water from rivers as the main source of domestic water, while 40.2% of the people travelled for more than 1,000 m to fetch water. To cope with water scarcity problems, 43.2% of the households reduced their water consumption level during droughts while 45% practiced rooftop rainwater harvesting. The study concluded that Madlangamphisi community experienced serious water scarcity problems since they relied on unprotected water sources for domestic use. Moreover, they had to travel for more than 200 m to collect water from nearest sources which is considered an indication of water scarcity by the WHO. The study observed that there was a need to introduce a rural water supply scheme in the area to solve the water scarcity problems and that households should treat water for drinking by either boiling or use a disinfectant to eliminate pathogenic organisms in the water.
Rainwater Harvesting Technologies in Makueni County, Kenyainventy
Rainwater harvesting has been in existence for many years and has positively impacted life, agriculture and economy. Despite these known benefits of rainwater harvesting, Makueni County's population is slowly adopting rainwater harvesting technologies. Water scarcity still remains a major constraint to life and economic development in the County. The aim of this paper is to evaluate rainwater harvesting technologies and the factors contributing to adoption of the technologies in the ASAL areas with Makueni County being the case study. The study was conducted in Wanzauni and Itetani locations in Tulimani division, Mbooni West district, Makueni County within Kenya's Eastern Region which lies within the arid and semi arid ecological zones of Kenya. A total of 160 household questionnaires were administered, focus group discussions and key informants interviews done during data collection exercise. The data was analyzed using Statistical package for social scientists (SPSS). Various rainwater harvesting technologies (RWHTs) are used within Makueni County including macro-catchment (earth dams, sand/sub-surface dams), micro-catchment (Zai pits, strip catchment, tillage, contour and semi-circular bunds) and rooftop rainwater harvesting technologies with rooftop catchment being the most commonly used technique. However, adoption of these RWHTs in Makueni County is slow irrespective of their potential to improve livelihoods. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict factors affecting adoption of RWHTs within 160 households in Makueni County. Some of the factors found to have statistically-significant positive effect on the adoption of RWHT are gender, literacy levels, social and economic status and technological know-how on RWHT. Ways of promoting the adoption of RWHTs such as capacity building and training, poverty alleviation through enhancement of income generation activities, enhanced formation of community groups aimed at water development activities, and improved designs incorporating mechanized technologies in favour of women and children, are recommended.
The Philippine government must embark on a “national water security assessment” to determine the extent of its water resources to provide the framework for an integrated, coherent and sustainable water resources management program. Following this integrated approach to water resources development and management, the government can proceed with the streamlining of regulatory procedures to attract investments into the water sector. By defining the responsibilities of the various agencies, setting up a comprehensive data base for water resources and laying down the financial incentive package, private capital will surely take a second look into the potential of water resource investing based on the principle of sustainability.
Presentation by Amy Winston and Amanda Beal highlighting farm to school efforts and efforts to connect farm and fishing communities through policy, marketing, infrastructure and consumer education.
Presentation by Karen Hutchinson, Executive Director, Caledon Countryside Alliance at the 2009 Ontario Trillium Foundation professional development conference.
Assessing the availability of community water at Madlangamphisi, a community ...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
The research was conducted to assess the availability of domestic water and the extent of the problems associated with water scarcity at Madlangamphisi area in the Hhohho district of Eswatini. The research was a descriptive survey. A questionnaire was used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data for the survey. A total of 169 households out of 300 households in the community were randomly selected to participate in the survey. The majority (56.2%) of the households confirmed that there was water scarcity problems in the area as the streams they used for domestic water frequently dried up during the winter months. The study showed that a majority, 51.5% used water from rivers as the main source of domestic water, while 40.2% of the people travelled for more than 1,000 m to fetch water. To cope with water scarcity problems, 43.2% of the households reduced their water consumption level during droughts while 45% practiced rooftop rainwater harvesting. The study concluded that Madlangamphisi community experienced serious water scarcity problems since they relied on unprotected water sources for domestic use. Moreover, they had to travel for more than 200 m to collect water from nearest sources which is considered an indication of water scarcity by the WHO. The study observed that there was a need to introduce a rural water supply scheme in the area to solve the water scarcity problems and that households should treat water for drinking by either boiling or use a disinfectant to eliminate pathogenic organisms in the water.
Rainwater Harvesting Technologies in Makueni County, Kenyainventy
Rainwater harvesting has been in existence for many years and has positively impacted life, agriculture and economy. Despite these known benefits of rainwater harvesting, Makueni County's population is slowly adopting rainwater harvesting technologies. Water scarcity still remains a major constraint to life and economic development in the County. The aim of this paper is to evaluate rainwater harvesting technologies and the factors contributing to adoption of the technologies in the ASAL areas with Makueni County being the case study. The study was conducted in Wanzauni and Itetani locations in Tulimani division, Mbooni West district, Makueni County within Kenya's Eastern Region which lies within the arid and semi arid ecological zones of Kenya. A total of 160 household questionnaires were administered, focus group discussions and key informants interviews done during data collection exercise. The data was analyzed using Statistical package for social scientists (SPSS). Various rainwater harvesting technologies (RWHTs) are used within Makueni County including macro-catchment (earth dams, sand/sub-surface dams), micro-catchment (Zai pits, strip catchment, tillage, contour and semi-circular bunds) and rooftop rainwater harvesting technologies with rooftop catchment being the most commonly used technique. However, adoption of these RWHTs in Makueni County is slow irrespective of their potential to improve livelihoods. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict factors affecting adoption of RWHTs within 160 households in Makueni County. Some of the factors found to have statistically-significant positive effect on the adoption of RWHT are gender, literacy levels, social and economic status and technological know-how on RWHT. Ways of promoting the adoption of RWHTs such as capacity building and training, poverty alleviation through enhancement of income generation activities, enhanced formation of community groups aimed at water development activities, and improved designs incorporating mechanized technologies in favour of women and children, are recommended.
The Philippine government must embark on a “national water security assessment” to determine the extent of its water resources to provide the framework for an integrated, coherent and sustainable water resources management program. Following this integrated approach to water resources development and management, the government can proceed with the streamlining of regulatory procedures to attract investments into the water sector. By defining the responsibilities of the various agencies, setting up a comprehensive data base for water resources and laying down the financial incentive package, private capital will surely take a second look into the potential of water resource investing based on the principle of sustainability.
Presentation by Amy Winston and Amanda Beal highlighting farm to school efforts and efforts to connect farm and fishing communities through policy, marketing, infrastructure and consumer education.
Presentation by Karen Hutchinson, Executive Director, Caledon Countryside Alliance at the 2009 Ontario Trillium Foundation professional development conference.
Premium ingredients. Reportaje en la revista AlimentariaBlendhub Corp.
Premium Ingredients es una empresas especializada en la formulación y mezlca de productos alimentarios en polvo. Forma parte del grupo Blendhub Corp., que crea soluciones, servicios y equipamiento para la industria agroalimentaria. La revista Alimentaria recoge la actividad e hitos de la empresa en este reportaje.
Top five education themes that trended in 2016Jaslynn joan
Following are the top five themes that dominated the education landscape in 2016 and will continue to impact the sector through 2017 as well.
Source<> http://www.edubilla.com/blog/top-five-education-themes-that-trended-in-2016/
The Effects of Shifting Irrigation on Community Livelihoods and Environmental...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
This study sets out to investigate the effects of shifting irrigation on community livelihoods and environmental quality along the Ewaso Nyiro Basin of Isiolo County in Kenya. The study uses longitudinal data collected between 2006 and 2015 through participatory research techniques, case studies, observation, key informant interviews and questionnaire survey. Results from the study show that the lower EwasoNyiro basin has nine operational irrigation schemes which households along the basin depend to practice irrigation farming. Irrigation has diversified the means of livelihood of the people and is an important source of food in the lower EwasoNyiro basin. Due to irrigation practices, environmental degradation has been experienced. These include, soil erosion, deforestation, salinity and water logging. However biocide and chemical fertilizers use is low in these irrigation schemes. Environmental conservation practices are rarely practised in the irrigation schemes with minimal cases reporting soil erosion control, afforestation, soil fertility management and safe use of agro-chemicals. The study recommends portable means of lifting water from the river schemes and environmental conservation at the household level and at the scheme level in the short term. We also recommend policy measures that will ensure flood control at the catchment level as this will enablesetting up of permanent irrigation schemes in the study area as a long-term solution.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/fulltext/MCDA.000545.php
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on international journal of agronomy impact factor please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
Mirroring the Budget of Federal Ministry of Water Resources in Nigeria (A Tal...Smart Chukwuma Amaefula
32% of Nigerians do not have access to portable water. This presentation reviews the inherent inequalities in the sector and suggests action that can reverse such inequalities.
Just as the children of 1989 became the leaders of today, the children and young people of 2019 will be the leaders of the future. The children inspire us.
We want to join hands with them to find solutions to face today's challenges, to build a better tomorrow for them and for the world they will inherit.
As part of the Lake Mainit Environmental Symposium, the Lake Mainit and its watershed presentation was presented to high school students and faculties.
El Niño is fuelling a major, global food security crisis affecting some 60 million people. WFP is responding with relief and longer-term resilience building programmes.
The closing event of the President's Recovery Priorities in Sierra LeoneMemuna Forna
The President's Recovery Priorities represent a multi-stakeholder programme of investment, led by the Government of Sierra Leone and focused on education, energy, governance, health, private sector development, social protection and water. The programme is intended to drive sustainable socio-economic transformation in Sierra Leone following the twin shocks of the Ebola Virus Epidemic and falling commodity prices.
Find out why Insight is the only magazine for those who do business in Sierra...Memuna Forna
Insight magazine, website, events and widespread social media presence is an integral part of an enabling business environment in Sierra Leone. This slideshow explains why.
1. 1www.presidentsrecoverypriorities.gov.sl
W
elcome to the first issue of
‘Leh we make Salone grow’.
Our regular newsletter
is intended to help keep
you informed about the
progress of the President’s Recovery
Priorities. We started tracking delivery
of the second phase of the process in
June 2016. To date, most of our work
has been behind the scenes – plan-
ning, researching, conducting train-
ing and setting up the systems that will support development
in areas of education, energy, governance, health, private sec-
tor development, social welfare and water. However, there is
also increasing visibility to the progress that is being made.
The Anti-Corruption Commission is rolling out its new ‘Pay
No Bribe’ on-line reporting mechanism, which will allow
ordinary citizens to add momentum to the attack on corrup-
tion in the public sector. In the months to come, we can
expect a more productive rice harvest following the Ministry
of Agriculture’s nationwide rice seed and fertiliser distribution
initiative, combined with training in improved farming tech-
niques.
The nationwide Water Point Mapping survey will provide
critically important data which will support the provision of
safe drinking water to 700,000 people in the provinces. More
trained midwives in our hospitals and health centres takes
us closer to our commitment to reduce maternal and child
mortality rates.
The support of our development partners continues to be
important to our success. In July’s Development Partner Com-
mittee meeting, it was encouraging to hear the World Bank
country director commend the President’s Recovery Priorities
for progress to date, and highlight in particular the positive
effects of the cash transfer system which he had seen first
hand in Moyamba.
We continue to encourage a participatory approach to the
process which is anchored in transparency and we are work-
ing on providing information on our progress through the use
of the traditional media, social media, this newsletter, and our
website www.presidentsrecoverypriorities.gov.sl, as well as
direct community engagement. In the near future, a nation-
wide radio programme will improve the information-flow to
our rural and hard to reach communities.
By 30th June 2017, the Government intends to have delivered
142 sub-initiatives that will combine to create a visible and
positive difference for everyone across Sierra Leone. Our dedi-
cated delivery team has the responsibility of driving the recov-
ery process, but its success also depends on engagement and
feedback from stakeholders across the country. The delivery
of the President’s Recovery Priorities is not business as usual.
This is a unique opportunity for our country’s development.
Leh we make Salone grow!
The President’s Recovery Priorities represent a multi-stakeholder investment programme, led by the Government of Sierra
Leone, focused on education, energy, governance, health, private sector development, social protection and water. The
programme is intended to drive sustainable socio-economic transformation in Sierra Leone following the twin shocks of
the Ebola Virus Epidemic and falling iron ore prices.
Message from Saidu Conton-Sesay, the Chief of Staff
The President’s Recovery Priorities Newsletter | www.presidentsrecoverypriorities.gov.sl | August 2016
Leh we make Salone grow!
2. 2 www.presidentsrecoverypriorities.gov.sl
A
s part of Sierra Leone’s
second Water Point
Mapping survey, almost
200 surveyors have been
sent into the field to
gather accurate information on
the number and state of Sier-
ra Leone’s water supplies. This
will provide important baseline
data which is the first stage in a
commitment by the President’s
Recovery Priorities to improve
access to water in 400 rural com-
munities.
For the Ministry of Water Resources, accurate information on
rural water supplies is crucial to provide sufficient data for plan-
ning and budgeting. Not knowing where and what is available
makes it difficult to plan new investment, decide which schemes
to rehabilitate and assess previous strategies and approaches to
safe sustainable water supplies.
Water point mapping helps assess the availability of clean and
safe water in communities. It aids investment decisions and
planning by showing where water supply services exist and
where they are needed. The survey will be repeated every
two years, tracking progress in the sector and highlighting
challenges.
Poor water and sanitation, as well as unsafe hygiene
practices are the primary causes of diarrhoea, one of the main
child killers in the region. According to figures from UNICEF
more than 250,000 children under the age of five die from
diarrhoeal diseases each year. By improving access to safe wa-
ter in the provinces, the President’s Recovery Priorities will also
help reduce infant and child mortality, one of the key results
targeted for the Health sector
Momodu Maligi, Minister of Water Resources says: “Our drive
to provide Sierra Leone’s people with clean water and ensure
that water supplies are sustainable over time must begin with
proper planning and accurate data. This Water Point Map-
ping survey will give us a credible start point, especially when
it comes to identifying communities of greatest need, and by
providing the information to assess service delivery in the sec-
tor, it gives stakeholders a powerful tool to hold us to account.”
Improving Sierra Leone’s water supplies must start with
accurate data says Momodu Maligi, Minister of Water
Resources
2
T
he first of 1,818,540 trees
was planted in Sierra
Leone on 3 August 2016,
as part of the President’s
Recovery Priorities’ drive
to improve access to water
through the reforestation of
vital water catchment zones.
Deforestation has emerged
as one of Sierra Leone’s main
man-made environmental issues, with an estimated 3,000
hectares being cleared each year, and over 87% of the orig-
inal forest area already converted. People cut down trees
to make charcoal and for firewood. Furthermore, slash
and burn agriculture, stone mining and the construction of
homes in water catchment areas all contribute to the coun-
try’s current water shortage.
The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Security and
Ministry of Water Resources are working with partners such
as the Environmental Protection Agency on a National Tree
Planting Drive which will increase awareness of the impor-
tance of trees and adequate forest cover, and encourage
tree planting to improve water catchment as well as reduce
flooding, erosion and other environmental degradation.
Existing forests and woodlands that have been devastated
over the years, will be restocked with 1,818,540 indigenous
and exotic fast growing trees.
The Minister of Water Resources, Momodu Maligi says that
widespread encroachment into water catchment areas has
severely reduced the efficacy of water catchment zones and
calls upon local communities to join in the environmental
protection effort: “Tackling the water shortage requires the
support of local communities to prevent deforestation and
protect our water catchment zones. Deforestation of our
water catchment zones has caused soil to erode and run
into the Guma dam, reducing its capacity. The lack of forest
cover also increases evaporation of the water in the dam.
Water is life and we all have a duty to preserve it.”
Almost two million trees to be planted to reduce
environmental damage and improve water situation
www.presidentsrecoverypriorities.gov.sl
3. 3www.presidentsrecoverypriorities.gov.sl
MAFFS – providing fertiliser, improved seed varieties
and training to farming families
M
ost of Sierra Leone’s arable lowlands, especially in-
land valley swamps are capable of double cropping -
growing two crops on the same piece of land during
a single growing season. As part of the President’s
Recovery Priorities, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forest-
ry, and Food Security (MAFFS) has recently finished distributing
rice seed and fertiliser for the first cropping. Nationally about
52,000 bushels have been distributed in total, targeting 50,000
farming families.
Currently Sierra Leone’s farms have an average yield of one
tonne per hectare. With the aim of increasing the productivity
and quality of the yield to an average of two tonnes, MAFFS
is encouraging the use of fertiliser and an improved rice seed
variety. Improving farming skills by providing training in import-
ant husbandry practices, such as fertiliser use, weeding, bird
scaring and improved planting techniques – will also help Sierra
Leone’s farmers boost the productivity of their farms.
Harvesting of the first crop is due to take place in October. This
will give MAFFS and Sierra Leone’s farmers the opportunity to
begin assessing the success of strategies to increase the harvest,
while preparations for the second cropping are taking place.
I
brahim Jalloh is a member of the President’s Recovery Prior-
ities’ delivery team. Growing up in Bombali in the mid-70s,
he walked three miles to school and back, carrying a plate,
his alpha pencil and ‘foo foo’ book. Of those three items, his
plate was prized above all else, because it guaranteed him a
hot meal at lunch time. “The food was a major catalyst. For a
good number of us, it was the magnet that kept us within the
school system,” he remembers.
He is not alone. Among Sierra Leone’s older generations, there
are a fair few who freely admit that school feeding played an
important role in keeping them in primary school.
School feeding has been part of Sierra Leone’s educational
landscape for over 50 years, but over the years has been main-
ly offered by various NGOs and charities, and only in selected
chiefdoms. The national school feeding programme has been a
major objective of the President’s Recovery Priorities and in the
next school year 1.2 million school children in government and
government-assisted schools will receive a meal at school on
two days each week.
By taking a decentralised approach that encourages local pro-
curement, the new twice weekly school feeding programme has
several advantages over its predecessors. It will benefit chil-
dren’s learning whilst creating jobs and increasing agricultural
opportunities for local communities.
School feeding committees will be set up with respresentation
from local and traditional government as well as the relevant
schools. They will receive cash transfers from the Ministry of
Education, Science and Technology (MEST) to buy locally grown
produce. The committee will be responsible for procurement,
storage, cooking and serving the food to pupils.
Dr. Christiana Thorpe, Deputy Minister, MEST says that school
feeding can improve attendance and retention rates, and make
children more receptive to learning. “Hungry children can’t
learn. By providing them with a midday meal, we can keep
them in school and they are more likely to be alert and focused
on learning. In September, when the national school feeding
starts, we should be able to see more attentive children who get
better results at school.”
The success of the programme will be tracked by looking at
school attendance and improved learning outcomes.
Next term, Sierra Leone’s primary school children will
get a hot lunch under a new national school feeding
programme
4. There is nothing petty about corruption
By Ady Macaulay, Commissioner, Anti-Corruption Commission
T
he President’s Recovery Priorities have made governance
a cross-cutting priority targeted at improving the delivery
of basic public services across all the priority areas. Here
at the Anti-Corruption Commission, our strategy to help
achieve this objective is to enlist the support of citizens
in the drive to tackle petty corruption within the public sector,
through the ‘Pay No Bribe’ campaign – our new anti-corruption
call-centre and on-line platform reporting mechanism.
‘Pay No Bribe’ gives us all a secure and anonymous way to re-
port when and where we have been asked to pay a bribe by
officials in the police force, or the water, education, health and
electricity sectors in order to access services. It recognises that
regardless of the amount of money involved, there is nothing
petty about the corruption that ordinary people and organisa-
tions experience when they seek government services they are
entitled to. It also recognises that we all have every reason to
be concerned about it and do what we can to eliminate it from
our public sector.
Transparency International describes petty corruption as the
“everyday abuse of entrusted power by low- and mid-level
public officials in their interactions with ordinary citizens, who
often are trying to access basic goods or services in places like
hospitals, schools, police departments and other agencies.”
Individual demands for Le5,000, Le10,000, Le20,000 in bribes
may appear small, but there is nothing petty about the amounts
that can be accumulated over time.
Nor is there anything petty about resources that should fund
vital goods and services being diverted into private pockets,
or demands for gifts or favours in lieu of cash, which very
often perpetuates the abuse of women. Evidence suggests that
poorer women and girls are often asked for sexual favours in
return for public services that they are entitled to.
For the most vulnerable and poorest in society, there is nothing
petty about the proportion of their already stretched incomes
that goes on bribes to access the services they desperately
need – health, education, power, water and law and order. Nor
is it petty when they are deprived of these services because
they do not have the money to pay a bribe. It means children
do not get the education they need to build a better future for
themselves and our country; and the sick die because they are
denied life-saving treatment or vital medication.
Corruption, however petty, diminishes people’s trust in each
other, state institutions, their belief in local or national govern-
ment and social values. It destabilises our society and contrib-
utes towards creating the conditions for conflict. No wonder
the World Bank has identified corruption as among the greatest
obstacles to economic and social development.
Fear of speaking out often deters people from reporting corrupt
practices, however the fight against corruption and our ability to
enforce anti-corruption measures, depends on knowing where
it is taking place and who is behind it. The ‘Pay No Bribe’ system
is intended to work in tandem with the progress that is current-
ly being made on developing a stronger criminal justice system,
as well as improving governance, access to decision-makers and
management controls. It will make anonymous reporting pos-
sible, and give us the data to assess the efficacy of our work to
eliminate corruption in Sierra Leone.
The President’s Recovery Priorities represent a considerable
investment in vital development initiatives across the country.
Their success depends on ensuring that allocated resources are
targeted where they are most needed. By using the ‘Pay No
Bribe’ online reporting system, you can help make Sierra Le-
one’s recovery the success it needs to be.
Stop Corruption now and improve public service delivery, Full
Stop!
www.pnb.gov.sl
Making pregnancy and childbirth safer for Sierra
Leone’s mothers
A
unique partnership between Sierra Leone’s Ministry of
Health and the United Nations Population Fund
(UNFPA) which has trained over 376 midwives, means
that today Sierra Leone has almost four times the num-
ber of trained midwives than we had in 2010.
The 61 that graduated last month, as part of the President’s
Recovery Priorities’ focus on reducing maternal and child mor-
tality rates, increases the likelihood of a safe pregnancy and
birth for Sierra Leone’s women and their babies.
A 2007 study by the World Health Organisation shows there
is mounting evidence linking midwifery care with reduced
maternal and newborn deaths. Supporting these findings is a
UNFPA 2008 study which shows that when the number of mid-
wives increases, the number of
women who die decreases.
Commenting on Sierra Leone’s
commitment to make pregnancy
and birth safer, Deputy Health
and Sanitation Minister, Madam
Madina Rahman said that the
Free Health Care Initiative and
the concerted effort of health
partners and the Ministry to provide trained midwives means
that more women will have access to appropriate standards of
care during pregnancy and delivery.
www.presidentsrecoverypriorities.gov.sl