The document discusses several legal challenges surrounding competition law and data protection in the digital world. It summarizes key cases involving Google, including finding that Google abused its dominant position in search results and acted as a controller of personal data subject to EU laws. It also discusses issues around big data, online sales, and protecting intellectual property rights on the internet.
IAB UK presentation to Garrigues seminar in Madrid on 29 Sept 2015 on UK advertising industry approach to tackling display ad misplacement & infringing copyright.
IAB UK presentation to Garrigues seminar in Madrid on 29 Sept 2015 on UK advertising industry approach to tackling display ad misplacement & infringing copyright.
This presentation by Alec J. Burnside, Managing Partner, Brussels office, Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP was made during the discussion on "Big Data: Bringing competition policy to the digital era" held during the 126th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 29 November 2016. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at www.oecd.org/daf/competition/big-data-bringing-competition-policy-to-the-digital-era.htm
Advertising Law and Policy: An Analysis of Growth and RegulationAlyseMancino
In these slides, I give an overview of advertising when it comes to law and policy. I will discuss its growth and regulations over time through examples of cases and law reviews.
Presentation by Daniel Ivarsson, SIGMA expert, on access to procurement for small and medium sized enterprises in the ENP East region – an overview, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Hamish Goldie-Scot, CoST-Infrastructure Transparency Initiative, UK, on the CoST Infrastructure Transparency Initiative, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Delivering transparency, choice and control for European Citizens - EDAAIABRomania
Information regarding the OBA self Regulation Framework and other self-regulatory initiatives supported by EDAA. Important facts about why it is crucial to have self regulation in Europe - Self-Regulation can empower & protect consumers, whilst ensuring the viability of many ad models, and their added value for brands, publishers & consumers. What should user know and what should companies do in order to be compliant with European Laws and regulations on data collection & protection.
Presentation by Uwe Flach, Bundesbeschaffung (Austrian Federal Procurement Agency, BBG), on public procurement of innovation in Austria, examples, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Ana Durnic, Institute Alternative, Montenegro, on the role of civil society in monitoring the implementation of procurement rules, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Paulo Magina, Head of the Public Procurement Unit, OECD Public Governance Directorate, on central purchasing bodies: a framework for measuring productivity and economic impact, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Solved the european e privacy directive and performance marketing - Kevin E...auexpo Conference
Kevin Edwards, Strategy Director at Affiliate Window, will run through what is currently perceived as successful compliant website implementations following the passing deadline of the EU's ePrivacy Directive. Imperative for any web property owner across Europe.
Presentation by Erika Bozzay, OECD Public Governance Directorate, on the implementation of the 2015 OECD recommendation on public procurement, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Uwe Flach, Bundesbeschaffung (Austrian Federal Procurement Agency, BBG), on centralised purchasing and modern IT tools for optimising public procurement, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
EXPERT WEBINAR: GDPR One Year Later — What Can We Learn from Investigations a...Feroot
Join James Tumbridge, a lawyer with the specialist law firm Venner Shipley and one of the authors of the UK Data Protection Act 2018, and Ivan Tsarynny, CEO & Founder of Feroot Privacy, to discuss the unique data protection laws of EU jurisdictions and the potential impact regulations can have on your business operations, expansion plans and governance structure.
Topics for discussion include:
- Lessons learned from the courts, regulator inquiries and fines over the past year
- How to stay informed of current privacy regulations by learning about those who have been impacted already
- Significant trends in GDPR behaviours
- An overview of jurisdictional regulations & how to best prepare
- Key issues to keep in mind for governance, corporate structures and domiciles in data protection terms
Marsden CELPU 2021 platform law co-regulationChris Marsden
12 November 2021 20th Annual International Conference, Center for Law & Public Utilities, School of Law, Seoul National University: The Wave of Digital Economy and Exploration of the Direction of Online Platform Regulation
Professor Chris Marsden, Sussex Law @SussCIGR
Discussion: Dr Eun-Jung Kwon (KISDI)
This presentation by Alec J. Burnside, Managing Partner, Brussels office, Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP was made during the discussion on "Big Data: Bringing competition policy to the digital era" held during the 126th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 29 November 2016. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at www.oecd.org/daf/competition/big-data-bringing-competition-policy-to-the-digital-era.htm
Advertising Law and Policy: An Analysis of Growth and RegulationAlyseMancino
In these slides, I give an overview of advertising when it comes to law and policy. I will discuss its growth and regulations over time through examples of cases and law reviews.
Presentation by Daniel Ivarsson, SIGMA expert, on access to procurement for small and medium sized enterprises in the ENP East region – an overview, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Hamish Goldie-Scot, CoST-Infrastructure Transparency Initiative, UK, on the CoST Infrastructure Transparency Initiative, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Delivering transparency, choice and control for European Citizens - EDAAIABRomania
Information regarding the OBA self Regulation Framework and other self-regulatory initiatives supported by EDAA. Important facts about why it is crucial to have self regulation in Europe - Self-Regulation can empower & protect consumers, whilst ensuring the viability of many ad models, and their added value for brands, publishers & consumers. What should user know and what should companies do in order to be compliant with European Laws and regulations on data collection & protection.
Presentation by Uwe Flach, Bundesbeschaffung (Austrian Federal Procurement Agency, BBG), on public procurement of innovation in Austria, examples, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Ana Durnic, Institute Alternative, Montenegro, on the role of civil society in monitoring the implementation of procurement rules, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Paulo Magina, Head of the Public Procurement Unit, OECD Public Governance Directorate, on central purchasing bodies: a framework for measuring productivity and economic impact, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Solved the european e privacy directive and performance marketing - Kevin E...auexpo Conference
Kevin Edwards, Strategy Director at Affiliate Window, will run through what is currently perceived as successful compliant website implementations following the passing deadline of the EU's ePrivacy Directive. Imperative for any web property owner across Europe.
Presentation by Erika Bozzay, OECD Public Governance Directorate, on the implementation of the 2015 OECD recommendation on public procurement, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
Presentation by Uwe Flach, Bundesbeschaffung (Austrian Federal Procurement Agency, BBG), on centralised purchasing and modern IT tools for optimising public procurement, at the third regional conference on public procurement for ENP East countries, Tbilisi, 6-7 November 2019.
EXPERT WEBINAR: GDPR One Year Later — What Can We Learn from Investigations a...Feroot
Join James Tumbridge, a lawyer with the specialist law firm Venner Shipley and one of the authors of the UK Data Protection Act 2018, and Ivan Tsarynny, CEO & Founder of Feroot Privacy, to discuss the unique data protection laws of EU jurisdictions and the potential impact regulations can have on your business operations, expansion plans and governance structure.
Topics for discussion include:
- Lessons learned from the courts, regulator inquiries and fines over the past year
- How to stay informed of current privacy regulations by learning about those who have been impacted already
- Significant trends in GDPR behaviours
- An overview of jurisdictional regulations & how to best prepare
- Key issues to keep in mind for governance, corporate structures and domiciles in data protection terms
Marsden CELPU 2021 platform law co-regulationChris Marsden
12 November 2021 20th Annual International Conference, Center for Law & Public Utilities, School of Law, Seoul National University: The Wave of Digital Economy and Exploration of the Direction of Online Platform Regulation
Professor Chris Marsden, Sussex Law @SussCIGR
Discussion: Dr Eun-Jung Kwon (KISDI)
TrustArc Webinar-Advertising, Privacy, and Data Management Working TogetherTrustArc
Today, more and more companies use advertising technologies (AdTech) to reach their consumers and better understand their preferences. This can lead to multiple data protection risks. Data privacy awareness is increasing due to seismic developments in the industry brought about by key players such as Google and Apple. In parallel, global regulations set stricter guidelines around the collection, storage, and use of personal data.
This is not over. With the decisions coming out soon on analytics, how will the advertising technologies landscape adjust? Ultimately, how can advertising, privacy, and data management work together?
Our panel in this webinar explored the practical steps your organization should take to ensure that its digital advertising practices are compliant with data protection laws.
This webinar reviews:
- The current practices and developments in the AdTech industry
- The laws and regulations governing AdTech
- How to address the privacy issues related to advertising technology
These slides by the OECD Competition Division introduce the OECD background note presented during the discussion on "Big Data: Bringing competition policy to the digital era" held during the 126th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 29 November 2016. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at www.oecd.org/daf/competition/big-data-bringing-competition-policy-to-the-digital-era.htm
This presentation by Simeon Thornton, Director, UK Competition and Markets Authority, was made during the discussion “Line of business restrictions and competition concerns” held at the 69th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 8 June 2020. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/lobr
European Data Protection, the Right to be Forgotten and Search EnginesDavid Erdos
Provides background and explores the interpretation and enforcement of search engines' obligations under European data protection almost four years on from Google Spain (2014) and on the cusp of the new GDPR era. Focuses on four ongoing controversies: (i) the scope of such responsibilities under DP, (ii) the regulation of sensitive persona data, (iii) the legitimacy of webmaster notification and (iv) the geographical scope of action required.
How to keep out of trouble with GDPR: The case of Facebook, Google and ExperianPECB
Short description:
In this webinar, we will be exploring the current trends, predictions and other things of relevance to GDPR enforcement. Further, we will touch on the big fines such as Facebook, Google, Experian as well as guide you how to stay out of trouble with the regulation.
Main points covered:
• A summary of ICO enforcement action in the UK over the past 12 months
• What organizations got wrong?
• The big fines – Facebook and Experian
• Trends and predictions
• How to keep out of trouble with the regulator
Presenter:
Our presenter for this webinar, James Castro-Edwards is a partner and Head of Data Protection at Wedlake Bell LLP. James advises domestic and multinational organizations on data protection issues. His experience includes managing global data protection compliance projects for multinationals and advising domestic companies on complex data protection issues. He has also developed and delivered innovative data protection training programs for multinational clients, including a data protection officers’ training course which was accredited by a European government. James leads the firm’s outsourced data protection officer service, ProDPO.
James frequently speaks on data protection and cybersecurity issues and is widely published, having written articles for a wide variety of titles including The Times and The Guardian, and wrote The Law Society textbook on the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
Recorded Webinar: https://youtu.be/QAF1XXTBFyg
IT law : the middle kingdom between east and WestLilian Edwards
Privacy as a value is often as conflicting with and less important than other major societal goals such as nation state secureity and business profits. China as a socialist state emerging a a major digital economuic force may fall prey to both these assumptions. However the recent history in the West shows that over zealous national secueity infringing citizen privacy, as revealed in the recent Snowden PRISM/TEMPORA etc scandals, may backlash against business profits as well as reducing citizen trust in security.China can learn from these lessons as it expands its own privacy law especially in the IT/telecoms area.
Post-2020, the rise of social media platforms and third-party cookies tracking users across the internet generated massive volumes of personal data. The goal of cross-contextual advertising is simple: display relevant ads based on consumers' browsing history and preferences.
However, data is often collected, stored, and shared across organizations without knowledge or consent. At the same time, we see more and more regulations from governments and consumers questioning how companies use their data.
Greenlight digital marketing - when the digital cookie crumblesGreenlight Digital
Browser ‘cookies’ are the life blood of online marketing. They tells us where our site traffic comes from, in what quantities and what it does when it gets there. But the humble Cookie is under threat from many angles. Come May 26 2012, European privacy laws come into force. All UK websites must offer users opt-in consent tools to allow cookies to pass information about browsing activities to 3rd parties. So here’s our brief and easy to read slide pack giving you an overview and highlighting options.
Using Native Advertising to Amplify Your Reach by Pete Campbell, SEM Days 2015SEO monitor
Learn how to use Native advertising platforms such as Taboola, Outbrain, Stumbleupon and Facebook to earn additional traffic, leads and earnt links beyond the paid click. By taking a scientific approach to your content promotion, such as A/B testing headlines, crafting strong calls to actions for shares and embeds and designing your content correctly - you will significantly increase performance.
Content for 2015 and Beyond by Matt Beswick, SEM Days 2015SEO monitor
Content is evolving and this session will show you how. From looking back over the last few years to showing how things are going to go and, importantly, how you can benefit the most.
User Experience Marketing - the ultimate search ranking factor! by Kaspar Szy...SEO monitor
Former senior Google Search Quality team member and now co-founder of the SEO Consulting brand SearchBrothers.com speaks about the one ultimate Google ranking factor.
Jaws in space (how to develop & pitch creative ideas) by Hannah Smith, SEM Da...SEO monitor
Good ideas rarely seem like good ideas at their inception, that's what stops the majority of people from having them" ~ Drew Gummerson
Desperately trying to come up with a good creative idea? A good idea is not something you spontaneously come up with - ideas only become good once you've spent a bunch of time honing and refining them. Hannah shares the trials and tribulations of ideation, and provides tips and insights on how to improve your own creative processes.
Predicting SEO growth in a environment of extreme uncertainty, by Cosmin Negr...SEO monitor
Hope is not a strategy.
Often SEO professionals make unrealistic forecasts or they try to avoid making them altogether, because of the extreme uncertainty of the search environment. The lack of clear KPIs and achievable milestones is one of the reasons that make a budget owner skeptical when it comes to SEO. With all the data that is already available, we are now able to identify the SEO Opportunity that lies ahead for a brand and estimate growth over time, in an accurate, reliable way.
Crawling, indexing, ranking: Make the search engine crawlers and algorithms y...SEO monitor
Long before any top ranking search engines digest your website bei crawling and indexing it. In both stages of evaluation there are capacity limits and they can become bottlenecks. Learn to perfectly understand each judgement stage and which tools for stirring there are as well as how to adjust and rule to get the maximum out of your SEO efforts.
Strategies for increasing performance of PPC on mobile devices by Ann Stanley...SEO monitor
Ann Stanley
12 years of experience in SEM. Co-founder at Anicca – digital agency based in UK.
Part 1: Introduction (why mobile is important)
Part 2: Options for PPC for mobile
Part 3: Strategies for different types of business
Part 4: What’s new?
How to Obtain Permanent Residency in the NetherlandsBridgeWest.eu
You can rely on our assistance if you are ready to apply for permanent residency. Find out more at: https://immigration-netherlands.com/obtain-a-permanent-residence-permit-in-the-netherlands/.
Responsibilities of the office bearers while registering multi-state cooperat...Finlaw Consultancy Pvt Ltd
Introduction-
The process of register multi-state cooperative society in India is governed by the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002. This process requires the office bearers to undertake several crucial responsibilities to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. The key office bearers typically include the President, Secretary, and Treasurer, along with other elected members of the managing committee. Their responsibilities encompass administrative, legal, and financial duties essential for the successful registration and operation of the society.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
Military Commissions details LtCol Thomas Jasper as Detailed Defense CounselThomas (Tom) Jasper
Military Commissions Trial Judiciary, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Notice of the Chief Defense Counsel's detailing of LtCol Thomas F. Jasper, Jr. USMC, as Detailed Defense Counsel for Abd Al Hadi Al-Iraqi on 6 August 2014 in the case of United States v. Hadi al Iraqi (10026)
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
3. 3
• Market is developing faster than the regulations and there is a
constant need for guidance
• The competition law had an impact on the IT and digital world: 80s –
Intel case, 90s Microsoft case; 2k- Google case
• Current focus is on platforms and online market
- Platforms are considered any electronic environment that is
mandatory for new entrants – Internet explorer case
- Online sales hubs – future of commerce – Commission identified
that around 80 % of online sales are local.
• Tendency to increase the extra territorial character
• Tendency to increase in the future
Hot EU topics on digital world
EU Commission perspective
5. 5
What the Commission said
• Google has abused its dominant position by: i) favoring its own comparison
shopping product in its search results; ii) not applying rank penalties to its own
services; iii) imposing exclusivity agreements on publishers and restrictions on
advertisers.
What Google said
• Google delivered more than 20 billion free clicks to aggregators over the last
decade, with free traffic increasing by 227% (and total traffic increasing even
more).
• Showing ads based on structured data provided by merchants demonstrably
improves ad quality and makes it easier for consumers to find what they’re
looking for.
• Showing ads sourced and ranked by other companies within its advertising
space would harm the quality and relevance of the search results. Such an
obligation is justified only where a company has a duty to supply its own rivals.
Hot EU topics on digital world
Google antitrust case (I)
6. 6
Proposed commitments
• the services of three rivals to be displayed in a clear, visible and comparable to
the way in which Google displays its own services.
• to give content providers an extensive opt-out and to remove exclusivity
requirements in its agreements with publishers and restrictions on the ability for
search advertising campaigns to be run on competing search advertising
platforms
Status
• No agreement was reached in respect to commitments;
• The Commission issued a Statement of Objects and Google presented its
arguments to such;
• Case is pending and potentially end up with a sanctioning decision
Hot EU topics on digital world
Google antitrust case (II)
8. 8
Google is a "controller" which "processes" personal data under EU law
What Google said
• Google does not process personal data because it processes all information
available on the internet without effecting a selection; Google is not a
‘controller’ since it has no knowledge of the data and does not exercise
control over the data.
What the Court of Justice said
• storing data and making it available to its users in search lists is ‘processing’.
• The search operator is a ‘controller’ because he determines the purposes and
means of its activity. Control over the publishing of data is not relevant;
• publishers are not included as they carry activities for journalistic purposes.
Hot EU topics on digital world
Google data protection case – Spain – right to be forgotten (I)
9. 9
Google’s search activities are subject to Spanish data protection law
because Google Spain sells search advertising for Google
What Google said
• The processing is carried out exclusively by Google Inc; The group’s
advertising activity is separated from its search engine service.
What the Court of Justice said
• Since the search is accompanied, on the same page, by the display
of advertising linked to the search terms, the processing is carried out
in the context of the commercial and advertising activity of the
controller’s establishment on the territory of Spain.
Hot EU topics on digital world
Google data protection case – Spain – right to be forgotten (II)
10. 10
Google may be required to remove search on the basis of a person’s
name
What Google said
• any information removal request must be addressed to the publisher of the
website;
• to require the operator of a search engine to withdraw information published
on the internet from its indexes means infringing the fundamental rights of
publishers of websites, of other internet users and of the operator.
What the Court of Justice said
• every data subject has the right, without proving any prejudice, to obtain from
the controller, the rectification, erasure or blocking of data, if the information is
unlawful or in the course of time became inadequate, irrelevant or no longer
relevant, or excessive in relation to its purposes.This right depends on the nature
of the information and its sensitivity for the data subject’s private life and the
public interest
Hot EU topics on digital world
Google data protection case – Spain – right to be forgotten (III)
11. 11
Hot EU topics on digital world
Data protection – new hot topic
beatuscommqueror.wordpress.com
12. 12
Facebook, Amazon or Google are big data operators
What are the risks
• Big data would constituite a barrier to entry in the future
• However, the investments done by the initial operators should be considered
• Big data face a risk from a data protection perspective
What could be done
• Licensing obligations may be imposed to operators as to facilitate access – fair
remuneration and conditions should be in place
• Access to facilities – non-discriminatory – similar treatment to equivalent
conditions
Hot EU topics on digital world
Big data
14. 14
Commission ongoing sector inquiry on online sales
• Mirrored by various local authorities (including Ro one)
• Restriction of Internet sales is a hard core restriction of competition – passive
sales (Piere Fabre case)
• Aimed at assessing the exclusivities in promotion and restrictions to trade
- Amazon promoting the high marketing budgets products
- Restrictions to platforms
- Restriction on products
• Selective distribution - Internet should meet the objective requirements for
selling the product
• Would be the opposite restriction be allowed (only Internet sales) ?
Hot EU topics on digital world
Online sale digital inquiry
15. 15
How can someone protect a right or a legitimate interest when dealing
with Internet content?
- Obligations of the service provider
- Obligation to notify and susbstantiate the request
- Evidences should be presented
- Limitations: rights of the press, freedome of speech
- Obligation to take down or face potential damages jointly with the one
infringing the rights
- Due care should be exercised with protected IP (trademarkes, logos) and
persons names.
Hot EU topics on digital world
Notice and take down
16. 16
Hot EU topics on digital world
Protection of intellectual property rights
(c) www.cartoonstock.com
17. 17
1. Can you copy everithing which is on the Internet?
– Internet is not a public database
– Distributing illegal content is illegal in itself
2. What are the limitations to copying / using the information?
• Law 8/1996 on copyright
• Non-comercial use vs commercial use
• Quotes
• Source and autor references
3. How one could protect the content?
– Copyright
– Secrecy
Hot EU trends in the digital world
Intellectual property rights protection
18. 18
T +40 21 319 67 90
E c.suliman@schoenherr.eu
Position Partner, Schoenherr
Practice Areas EU & Competition
Education Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest/Romania
Memberships Bucharest Bar Association
Languages Romanian, English
catalin suliman
Lecturer
The focus has centered on Google’s dominant position in Europe’s online search market, where it commands an approximately 90 percent market share, compared with about 65 percent in the United States. European officials contend that Google has used this position to unfairly favor some of its own services over those of rivals, including Microsoft and Yelp.
When it comes to comparative shopping, the EU said it found that "Google gives systematic favorable treatment" to its Google Shopping at the expense of others in its general search results. As part of the antitrust case that was outlined in April, Margrethe Vestager, Europe’s top competition chief, had focused specifically on Google’s comparison shopping site, saying the company diverted traffic unfairly from competitors to its own services.
"It may therefore artificially divert traffic from rival comparison shopping services and hinder their ability to compete on the market," the EU said in a statement.