Floriculture in Bangladesh has grown significantly in recent decades. Small-scale flower production began in the late 1970s and large-scale commercial production started in the mid-1980s, concentrated in areas like Jhikorgacha. The total area under floriculture crops is now over 1,000 hectares, with tuberose as the main crop. Cultivation has since expanded to various districts and now includes flowers like rose and gladiolus. The value of annual flower sales has increased from 30,000-40,000 BDT per day 20-25 years ago to 20-25 lakh BDT per day now. While official data is limited, traders estimate flowers are now grown on around 70,000

1. Importance, present status and scope of
ornamental horticulture

2. Present Scenario of Flower Cultivation in Bangladesh
• Small-scale flower production was started in late seventies (1979) with
production of tuberose but large-scale commercial production was started from
mid eighties (1984) in Jhikorgacha thana
• Later on, it spread to Jessore sadar, Sharsha, Chowgacha and Kustia,
Chuadanga and Satkhira districts
• the total area under floriculture crops in different parts of the country is 1012 ha
of which 810 ha areas are cultivated for tuberose and the rest is for other
flowers (Hossain and Shaha, 2000)
• Revealed from another survey that tuberose is cultivated in about 2000 acres
in Jhikorgacha and about 4.0 million flower sticks is supplied to Dhaka at one
day interval (Ullah, 1999)
• At present, flowers worth of million taka are being produced yearly on about five
hundred hacters of ninety villages of six unions under Jhikorgacha and Sharsha
thana (Haque, 2002)

3. • Cultivation of rose and gladiolus has been increased in these areas along with
tuberose and marigold
• Two decades ago, flowers were sold worth Tk 30,000-40,000 a day. Today it raises to Tk
20-25 lakh a day
• Once, only the well-off bought flowers to colour festivals. Now, even the low to mid
income groups love to present flowers on beautiful moments. So, the present position of
floriculture in our country is more or less uprising.
• Official data on flower cultivation is not available, as official agencies do not compile
national level data on floriculture.
• But traders and floriculturist say flowers are being grown on about 70,000 hectares in
the country. As days go, demand for flower is increasing very rapidly. In valentines’ day
2009, flower of TK 2 crore were sold in Dhaka in 2 days (Sayla, 2010).

4. Name of flowers Production areas
Tuberose Jessore, Satkhira, Bogra, Comilla and Chittagong
Rose Gazipur (Kapasia, Salna, Kaliakair), Savar, Bogra,
Jessore, Dhaka, Satkhira, Narayanganj
Gladiolus Dhaka, Jessore, Gazipur (Sreepur, Kaliakair).
Chrysanthemum,
Jipsophila, Carnation,
Chinese Aster
Savar (Dhamrai, Nabinagar, Sadullahpur), Gazipur
(Konabari)
Dahlia Dhaka, Savar, Gazipur, Bogra
Marigold, Jasmines Jessore, Narayanganj, Savar
Lily, Grassflower Narshingdi
Orchid Dhaka, Gazipur, Savar, Chittagong
Table: Name of flowers and main production areas in Bangladesh

5. Scope of floriculture in Bangladesh
Constraints of floriculture in Bangladesh
• Production technology
• Post harvest technology
• Export markets
• Middleman
• Cool chain
• Quality plant materials
• Transportation
• Organizations
• Govt. support
• Long distance
• Freight charge

6. Classification of Flowering and Ornamental Plants

8. Other classifications
1. On the basis of duration or life cycle
a. Annuals/Seasonal: Dahlia, Cosmos, Carnation, Marigold, Balsam etc.
b. Perennials: Jasmine, Rose, China Rose
1. On the basis of stem character
a. Herb- Marigold, Petunia, Carnation etc.
b. Shrub- China rose, Gardenia, Rose etc.
c. Tree- Bokul, Peacock flower, Silk cotton tree, Sonalu, Kadamba etc.
1. On the basis of flowering time or growing season
a. Winter annuals (Rabi season flower; Oct 1- Mar. 31)- Sweet pea, Marigold,
Carnation, China aster, Petunia, Phlox, Salvia, Varbena, Calendula etc.
b. Kharif annuals (Kharif season flower; April 1 – Sept. 30)
i. Summer annual- Zinnia, Cosmos, Sunflower, Portulaca etc.
ii. Rainy season annuals- Amaranthus, Balsam, Cock’s comb, Marigold etc.
a. Perennial- Gladiolus, Tube rose, Marigold etc.

9. Importance of Annuals
(i) Annual flowering plant in the garden adds immensely to the decorative value
of the garden and they are indispensable.
(ii)Annuals provide a beautiful display of colour in the garden and exhibit a good
shown bloom at low cost and labour.
(iii)They bring a change at the look of the garden with change in season.
(iv)Many of the annuals possess good fragrance, which attracts visitors and
pollinators
Purpose for selection of Annuals
(1) Bedding purpose: Alyssum, Marigold, Phlox, Pansy, Carnation, Gaillardia etc.
(2) Fragrant Annuals: Carnation, Sweet pea, Stock, Sweet asylum etc.
(3) Cut flower: Aster, Sweet William, Corn flower etc.
(4) Loose flower: Marigold, Chrysanthemum, Sunflower, Zinnia etc.
(5) Annuals for hanging basket: Phlox, Petunia, Daisy, Verbena etc.
(6) Annual suitable for shade: Salvia, Phlox, Calendula etc.
(7) Annuals for Rockery: Verbena, Phlox, Nasturtium etc.
(8) Pot plant: Carnation, Petunia, Aster, Phlox, Pansy etc.