lesson guide about fire

1. Fire Safety Lecture
& Fire Exit Drill
Seminar
Prepared By:
San Jose City Fire Station

3.  A fire will double every 30 seconds under
normal conditions.
 In as little as 3 minutes, a small fire can erupt
into a “FLASHOVER”.
 A small fire can produce enough smoke to fill a
building in minutes.
 Smoke results in:
 Teary eyes
 Choking sensation
 Impaired judgment due to Carbon Monoxide (CO)
 Loss of spatial recognition
 Sedation effect - Respiratory failure

4.  Within minutes, air temperature in a burning room can
reach 300 degrees Celsius. This temperature is hot enough
to melt clothes, skin and scorch your lungs in one breathe.
 Most people who die in fires, die from breathing
smoke and toxic gases.
 Carbon Oxide, Hydrogen Cyanide, Ammonia and
hundreds of other irritants attack your eyes, nose, throat
and lungs.
 They numb your senses and leave you dazed.
 Temperatures can climb to between 650-760 degrees
Celsius.

5. Death by smoke inhalation

6. Burn victims of fire

7. 1.FUEL- Any material that produces flame
burns.
2.HEAT- heat is a form of energy, measured
in the egress of temperature to signify the
intensity of heat.
3.OXYGEN- Air contains 21% oxygen;
- at least 16% is required to sustain life and
combustion.

9. Ordinary combustibles or
fibrous material, such as
wood, paper, cloth,
rubber and some plastics.

10. Flammable or
combustible liquids such
as gasoline, kerosene,
paint, paint thinners and
propane.

11. Energized electrical
equipment, such as
appliances, switches,
panel boxes and power
tools.

12. Certain combustible
metals, such as
magnesium, titanium,
potassium and sodium.
They may react violently
with water or other
chemicals, and must be
handled with care.

13. Fires involving
combustible cooking
fluids such as oils and
fats.

14. Different FUEL
types mean
different ways of
extinguishment.

15.  3 Important Points of the
Tetrahedron with regards to
 Fire Elements:
• Creates fire • Extinguishes
the fire
• Eliminate the
effects of
one or more
elements

16. Cooling Smothering
Fuel
Removal
Inhibition of
Chemical
Reaction

17. Cooling Smothering
Fuel
Removal
Inhibition of
Chemical
Reaction

18. Cooling Smothering
Fuel
Removal
Inhibition of
Chemical
Reaction

19. Cooling Smothering
Fuel
Removal
Inhibition of
Chemical
Reaction

20. Fire Extinguisher
- is an active fire
protection device
used to extinguish or
control small fires,
often in emergency
situations.

21. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy
DISCHARGE HOSE
DISCHARGE NOZZLE
DISCHARGE ORIFICE
BODY
DATA PLATE
CARRYING
HANDLE
PRESSURE GAUGE
(not found on CO2
extinguishers)
DISCHARGE LEVER
DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN
AND SEAL

23. PULL the pin
AIM to nozzle or hose at the base of the fire
SQUEEZE the lever
SWEEP the nozzle from side to side until the
fire is out
When it is time to use the fire
extinguisher, just remember PASS!

24. • Do not let go of the nozzle head
• Do not hold the discharge lever
when pulling the pin
• Do not drop the fire extinguisher
• Don’t forget to point at the base of
the fire
• Don’t forget to sweep the base of the
fire

25. Activate the building alarm system or
notify the fire department. Or, have
someone else do this for you.
Assist any person in immediate danger,
or those incapable on their own, to exit
the building, without risk to yourself.
Only after these two are completed,
should you Attempt to extinguish the
fire.

26. The fire is small and contained
You are safe from toxic smoke
You have a means of escape
Your instincts tell you it’s OK
- familiar with extinguisher
operation
- extinguisher = fire type
- confidence through training
- a lot of COMMON SENSE

27. Emergency
numbers
Evacuation
plan
Building’s
fire Alarm
Participate in
seminars, fire
and evacuation
drills
Stay calm Presence of
Mind –(lots of it)
Be familiar with fire
extinguishers