Lecture 10
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This document discusses different types of DC generators including separately excited, shunt, series, and compound generators. It covers the terminal characteristics of a separately excited DC generator and the voltage buildup process in a shunt generator. The document also mentions series generators but does not provide details on them.
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![IE243 ELECTRICAL MACHINES–I
[Cr. Hrs = 3+1] [Marks: 100+50]
By
Asif Ahmed Memon](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/lecture10-150208111421-conversion-gate01/85/Lecture-10-1-320.jpg)
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- How voltage, current, torque, speed and power are related in DC motors and generators based on the magnetic flux and field excitation.
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This document provides an overview of DC machines and motors. It discusses:
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Eddy currents are induced in the armature core of a DC machine, in addition to currents in the armature conductors. These eddy currents circulate in the core and cause eddy current losses, which appear as heat and reduce the machine's efficiency. Eddy current loss depends on the square of the lamination thickness, so the thickness should be kept small. Other losses in a DC machine include iron losses, mechanical losses like friction, and variable losses that change with load. Diagrams can be used to represent the flow of power inputs and losses in a DC machine.
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The document discusses speed control of a DC motor using a PWM circuit with an IC. It describes how changing the potentiometer VR1 controls the speed by varying the pulse width of the IC output and thus the voltage to the motor. LabView and MATLAB simulations model the motor and add PID control. DC motors can be permanently excited, separately excited, or self-excited in shunt, series or compound configurations. The speed depends on the applied voltage, field flux and armature resistance. Different motor types are suited to applications requiring varying torque or speed characteristics.
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1) A DC motor works by applying a magnetic field to a coil attached to a rotor. When current flows through the coil, it experiences an electromagnetic force that causes it to rotate.
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This document discusses the power stages in DC generators and motors. It explains that in a DC generator, the input mechanical power minus losses equals the electrical power output, and the efficiencies can be calculated at each stage. A DC motor operates similarly but converts electrical power to mechanical power output. It also describes the basics of how DC motors work using Fleming's left hand rule, the production of back EMF, different types of DC motors, sources of losses in DC motors, and methods for testing DC machines.
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This document provides an overview of DC motors, including their basic working principles, types (shunt, series, compound), characteristics such as torque-current and speed-current relationships, and components like armature and field windings. It describes how DC motors function by converting electrical energy from a power source into mechanical rotation of an armature, and how speed can be controlled through varying the current. Losses within the motor such as copper and iron losses are also discussed.
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Direct-current (DC) machines have a stationary stator and a rotating rotor. DC machines can operate as motors or generators. In a DC machine, the magnetic field produced by the stationary field winding is perpendicular to the magnetic field produced by the rotating armature winding, allowing torque to be produced. Separately excited DC machines have independent field and armature windings, allowing control of speed and torque. The dynamic behavior and torque production of DC machines can be modeled using circuit equations that relate the flux linkages and currents in the field and armature windings.
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Abstract
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Keywords: Armature reaction, Commutation, GNA, Lorentz, MNA, Neutral zone
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Lecture 10
- 1. IE243 ELECTRICAL MACHINES–I [Cr. Hrs = 3+1] [Marks: 100+50] By Asif Ahmed Memon
- 2. DC Generators • Separately Excited DC generator • Shunt DC generator • Series DC generator • Compound DC generator
- 4. THE SEPARATELY EXCITED GENERATOR The Terminal Characteristic of a Separately Excited DC Generator
- 5. THE SHUNT DC GENERATOR Voltage Buildup in a Shunt Generator
- 6. THE SERIES DC GENERATOR