This document provides information about electrical safety. It defines electricity and how it works, explaining that electricity is created by the movement of electrons and can be both natural and man-made. It then discusses electrical hazards like improper grounding, exposed wires, inadequate wiring, overhead power lines, and more. The document also outlines common electrical parameters and their effects on the human body, like electrical shock, burns, and internal injuries. Finally, it recommends safety measures for electrical work, including using personal protective equipment, ground fault circuit interrupters, and following lock-out/tag-out procedures to isolate power sources before performing work.
Electrical injuries can range from minimal to severe or fatal. They present with a variety of issues including cardiac or respiratory arrest, burns, and trauma. The type of current, duration of contact, resistance of tissues, voltage, and pathway of current determine the severity of injury. Injuries may include burns, cardiac or respiratory issues, fractures, and damage to multiple organ systems. Management involves stabilizing the scene, treating ABCs, monitoring for cardiac or respiratory issues, evaluating for injuries, and serial exams due to potential late complications.
An electrical injury occurs when an electric current passes through the body, interfering with organ function or burning tissue. The type and severity of damage depends on factors like current type (AC vs DC), voltage, resistance, duration, and pathway. AC current is generally more dangerous than DC as it can cause cardiac arrhythmias. Electrical injuries require aggressive fluid resuscitation to prevent complications like renal failure. Management involves stabilizing vital functions and treating burns based on their depth and extent. Prognosis depends on the severity and site of injury.
This document discusses electrical safety hazards in hospitals. It identifies several types of hazards including electrical shocks from equipment failure, mechanical hazards from medical devices, environmental hazards from utilities and waste, and radiation hazards from medical imaging equipment. Electrical safety is important due to the many energy sources and medical procedures using electricity that expose patients to increased risk of injury. Common causes of device-related injuries are improper use, inadequate training, lack of experience, and device failure. The physiological effects of electric currents on the human body depend on factors like current magnitude and path in the body. Safety standards aim to limit leakage currents and protect patients by isolating them from electric currents or keeping all surfaces at the same voltage.
An electric shock occurs when a person comes into direct contact with an electrical energy source, causing electrical energy to flow through a portion of the body. The severity of the shock depends on factors like voltage, current, path through the body, and duration of contact. Symptoms can range from pain to burns to cardiac arrest. Treatment involves removing the person from the energy source and providing first aid like CPR if needed while waiting for emergency medical assistance. Prevention strategies include equipment maintenance, ground fault circuit interrupters, and avoiding contact with energy sources when wet or in water.
Electrical safety is important because electricity can cause serious injuries or death if proper precautions are not taken. Some key electrical hazards include electrocution, electrical shock, burns, falls, and fires. The most common electrical injuries are electrical shock, burns, and falls. It is important to avoid touching wires, use proper protective equipment, and disconnect power sources before helping victims of electrical accidents.
This document provides information about electrical safety. It defines electricity and how it works, explaining that electricity is created by the movement of electrons and can be both natural and man-made. It then discusses electrical hazards like improper grounding, exposed wires, inadequate wiring, overhead power lines, and more. The document also outlines common electrical parameters and their effects on the human body, like electrical shock, burns, and internal injuries. Finally, it recommends safety measures for electrical work, including using personal protective equipment, ground fault circuit interrupters, and following lock-out/tag-out procedures to isolate power sources before performing work.
Electrical injuries can range from minimal to severe or fatal. They present with a variety of issues including cardiac or respiratory arrest, burns, and trauma. The type of current, duration of contact, resistance of tissues, voltage, and pathway of current determine the severity of injury. Injuries may include burns, cardiac or respiratory issues, fractures, and damage to multiple organ systems. Management involves stabilizing the scene, treating ABCs, monitoring for cardiac or respiratory issues, evaluating for injuries, and serial exams due to potential late complications.
An electrical injury occurs when an electric current passes through the body, interfering with organ function or burning tissue. The type and severity of damage depends on factors like current type (AC vs DC), voltage, resistance, duration, and pathway. AC current is generally more dangerous than DC as it can cause cardiac arrhythmias. Electrical injuries require aggressive fluid resuscitation to prevent complications like renal failure. Management involves stabilizing vital functions and treating burns based on their depth and extent. Prognosis depends on the severity and site of injury.
This document discusses electrical safety hazards in hospitals. It identifies several types of hazards including electrical shocks from equipment failure, mechanical hazards from medical devices, environmental hazards from utilities and waste, and radiation hazards from medical imaging equipment. Electrical safety is important due to the many energy sources and medical procedures using electricity that expose patients to increased risk of injury. Common causes of device-related injuries are improper use, inadequate training, lack of experience, and device failure. The physiological effects of electric currents on the human body depend on factors like current magnitude and path in the body. Safety standards aim to limit leakage currents and protect patients by isolating them from electric currents or keeping all surfaces at the same voltage.
An electric shock occurs when a person comes into direct contact with an electrical energy source, causing electrical energy to flow through a portion of the body. The severity of the shock depends on factors like voltage, current, path through the body, and duration of contact. Symptoms can range from pain to burns to cardiac arrest. Treatment involves removing the person from the energy source and providing first aid like CPR if needed while waiting for emergency medical assistance. Prevention strategies include equipment maintenance, ground fault circuit interrupters, and avoiding contact with energy sources when wet or in water.
Electrical safety is important because electricity can cause serious injuries or death if proper precautions are not taken. Some key electrical hazards include electrocution, electrical shock, burns, falls, and fires. The most common electrical injuries are electrical shock, burns, and falls. It is important to avoid touching wires, use proper protective equipment, and disconnect power sources before helping victims of electrical accidents.
The human body contains electrolytes and water that allow electricity to flow through it. The pathways of current depend on whether it is alternating or direct current. AC can pass through cell membranes but DC cannot. A shock occurs when a body part contacts a live electricity source, and different current levels cause varying effects from a tingling sensation to ventricular fibrillation and death. Burns, internal injuries, and involuntary muscle contractions are common shock injuries. First aid involves ensuring the power is off before touching the victim and providing CPR if needed.
This document provides an overview of safety and security topics related to basic industrial wiring. It discusses the physiological effects of electricity on the human body, including how electric current can cause heating, damage nerves and tissues. Threshold values for electric sensation, the ability for a person to let go, and ventricular fibrillation are defined. The main causes of electric shocks are also examined, such as inappropriate operating modes, lack of awareness of risks, and inadequate training. Formulas are provided to calculate body impedance and the current that will flow through the body depending on voltage exposure. The various effects of electric current on the body are also summarized.
Electrical shock hazards and its effects on human bodyAswin KP
Electrical shock hazards occur when a person comes into direct or indirect contact with an energized conductor or equipment. The effects of an electrical current passing through the human body vary based on several factors such as voltage, current duration, current value, frequency, and pathway. Currents between 50-120V AC or DC are generally considered safe, while higher currents can cause injuries like loss of muscle control, respiratory arrest, pain, fatigue, ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, and burns - some of which can be fatal. Ventricular fibrillation in particular is a major cause of death from electrical shock due to uncontrolled heart contractions.
Electrocution, or death caused by electric shock, occurs when electric current passes through the body. The type and severity of injury depends on factors like voltage, current, duration of contact, and path of current. Death is usually due to cardiac fibrillation or respiratory paralysis. Burns may be present at entry and exit points. A forensic examination looks for these burns, as well as other injuries like fractures caused by muscle contractions. Tissue damage ranges from mild burns to charring, and internal injuries can include heart lesions or cerebral edema.
The document discusses electrical safety topics including physiological effects of electricity, susceptibility parameters, distribution of electrical power, isolated power systems, macroshock and microshock hazards, electrical safety codes and standards, ground fault circuit interrupters, equipment design, and electrical safety testing. It covers electrical hazards in clinical environments, thresholds for electrical stimulation and injury, factors that influence susceptibility to electrical currents, and mechanisms for protecting against macroshocks and conducting leakage currents safely.
This document discusses electrical safety in medical environments. It outlines several hazards posed by electricity in these settings, including fire, hazardous substances, waste products, sound, electricity, and disasters. It then examines the physiological effects of electric current on the human body, such as stimulation of nerves and muscles, heating of tissues, and electrochemical burns. Threshold currents for perception, involuntary muscle contractions, respiratory paralysis and ventricular fibrillation are provided. The document also discusses electric power distribution, isolation systems, emergency power systems, electric faults in equipment, microshocks, and conductive paths to the heart in clinical devices.
This training session covers electrical safety for unqualified workers. “Unqualified” workers are those such as machine operators, operators of powered industrial trucks, construction workers, and others who are not qualified to perform electrical work, but who need to know important information about the hazards of electricity and how to prevent serious injury.
For workers who are authorized to work on or near energized electrical equipment and wiring, additional training is required.
Electric shock occurs when electric current passes through the human body, which can cause burns, physical injuries like broken bones, and nervous system effects such as stopping breathing. Shocks are caused by direct or indirect contact with an exposed live part. Current passing through the body at different levels can result in muscles clamping, fibrillation where the heart twitches without pumping blood, and damage to the heart tissue. To help someone receiving a shock, remove the source using an insulated item without touching the person. Monitor their condition afterwards and call for emergency help if unconscious. Safety precautions include avoiding wet work, using ground fault circuit interrupters, and staying away from overhead power lines.
This document discusses electrical safety and provides information on:
1) How electrical current can enter the body and travel through it, how current affects the body at different levels of amperage.
2) The primary injuries of electrical burns and respiratory failures and secondary injuries from accidents caused by shocks.
3) Factors like current amount, path, frequency and duration that determine injury severity.
4) Electrical hazards including physical ones like wet floors or bare wires and behavioral ones like taking shortcuts.
5) The proper response steps for an electrical accident of turning off power, freeing the victim safely, and calling for help.
1) Electrocutions can occur from a variety of voltages including domestic, industrial, and lightning sources. Fatal electrocutions are divided based on voltage into domestic (220-240V), industrial (high voltages), and lightning.
2) The factors that determine the effects of electrocution include voltage, amperage, current type (AC vs. DC), duration of contact, resistance of body tissues, area of body contact, and path of current through the body.
3) Death from electrocution is usually caused by ventricular fibrillation leading to cardiac arrest, but can also result from spasms of the respiratory muscles or paralysis of the respiratory center in the brain.
Motor and pump maintenance manual book soft copyRamesh Meti
1. The document provides safety rules and guidelines for working in an electrical maintenance lab. It details 15 general safety rules including keeping food and drinks out of the lab, reporting any equipment issues, and turning off equipment before leaving.
2. The document discusses electrical hazards, noting that electricity can cause serious injury or death from electric shock. It describes the three main ways shock can occur and factors that determine shock severity such as current level and duration of contact. Shock may cause burns, respiratory issues, or cardiac arrest.
3. Additional details are given on body resistance and ensuring circuits are properly grounded to avoid creating an electrical hazard. When working with live circuits, best practices include using one hand at a time to avoid current
The document provides an introduction to electricity including its definition, uses, generation, transmission, and distribution. It discusses the various dangers of electricity including electric shock, burns, neurological damage, ventricular fibrillation, arc flash, and statistics on electrical accidents. The dangers are higher from electrical installations in public places where safety precautions are not taken. Indian Electricity Rules 36 and 40 mandate safety requirements for handling electrical supply lines and apparatus as well as street boxes, but as images later show, these rules are often not followed. Ensuring electrical safety, especially in public areas, is important to minimize accidents.
This document provides information about electrical injuries, including definitions of electricity and different types of electrical currents. It then gives a brief history of electricity, covering discoveries from the 1600s to 1900s. It discusses factors that determine the severity of electrical shocks like current, resistance, and exposure time. Finally, it covers safety considerations and risks for household, industrial, and high voltage electrical incidents.
The document discusses various topics related to electrical safety. It covers physiological effects of electricity, susceptibility parameters, distribution of electrical power including isolated power systems, macroshock and microshock hazards, electrical safety codes and standards, and protection methods like grounding systems, isolated power distribution, and ground fault circuit interrupters. It provides details on thresholds for electrical stimulation, respiratory paralysis, ventricular fibrillation and burns based on current levels.
This document provides an overview of electrical safety training. It describes how electricity works and the risks of electrical shock and injury. Key points include:
- Electricity travels in closed circuits and shock occurs when the body becomes part of the circuit
- Electrical current can cause burns, internal injuries, and involuntary muscle contractions
- Even low voltages pose a hazard as muscular contractions may prevent releasing contact
- Ground faults are the most common type of shock, which GFCIs can help prevent
- Following safety practices like grounding equipment, avoiding power lines, and inspecting cords can help reduce electrical risks.
This document provides an overview of electric burn management from a presentation given by Soni Kumari. It defines electric injuries, classifies them into four types, and discusses their etiology. It describes how tissue resistance affects the path electricity takes through the body. Common associated injuries are outlined for various body systems. Management follows ATLS protocols and includes fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, escharotomy or fasciotomy if needed, wound debridement, and flaps. The goal is to address life threats, prevent complications, and promote wound healing.
This document provides an overview of electrical safety training. It covers basic concepts of electricity, hazard recognition, effects of electricity on the human body, electrical hazard protections, work practices, and responsibilities of supervisors and employees. The training aims to raise awareness of potential electrical hazards and instructs how to recognize, eliminate, and prevent hazards. It emphasizes following all electrical safety requirements and practices and what to do in the event of an electrical accident.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN OPERATION THEATRE .pptxSujata Walode
Operating rooms pose electrical shock hazards due to the abundance of electrical equipment, anesthetized patients who cannot move away from shocks, and the presence of fluids. Electrical shock occurs when a person completes a circuit between a voltage source and allows current to flow through their body, which can disrupt organ functions or cause burns. The severity of shock depends on current amplitude and duration, with alternating current posing more danger than direct current. Macro shocks involve large currents that can reach the heart through tissues, while microshocks involve small currents that can directly stimulate the heart through conduits like catheters. Proper grounding pad placement and equipment maintenance can help reduce electrical shock risks in operating rooms.
Electrical Safety Awareness Training by Albert Einstein College of MedicineAtlantic Training, LLC.
This document provides an outline for an electrical safety awareness training. It discusses the purpose of the training which is to raise awareness of electrical hazards and instruct attendees on hazard recognition, protection methods, and emergency response. Key topics covered include basic electricity concepts, effects of electricity on the human body, identifying hazards like damaged cords and exposed wiring, and protective equipment and practices like insulation, grounding, lockout/tagout procedures, and PPE. The training aims to emphasize electrical safety requirements to prevent electrical accidents and injuries.
The human body contains electrolytes and water that allow electricity to flow through it. The pathways of current depend on whether it is alternating or direct current. AC can pass through cell membranes but DC cannot. A shock occurs when a body part contacts a live electricity source, and different current levels cause varying effects from a tingling sensation to ventricular fibrillation and death. Burns, internal injuries, and involuntary muscle contractions are common shock injuries. First aid involves ensuring the power is off before touching the victim and providing CPR if needed.
This document provides an overview of safety and security topics related to basic industrial wiring. It discusses the physiological effects of electricity on the human body, including how electric current can cause heating, damage nerves and tissues. Threshold values for electric sensation, the ability for a person to let go, and ventricular fibrillation are defined. The main causes of electric shocks are also examined, such as inappropriate operating modes, lack of awareness of risks, and inadequate training. Formulas are provided to calculate body impedance and the current that will flow through the body depending on voltage exposure. The various effects of electric current on the body are also summarized.
Electrical shock hazards and its effects on human bodyAswin KP
Electrical shock hazards occur when a person comes into direct or indirect contact with an energized conductor or equipment. The effects of an electrical current passing through the human body vary based on several factors such as voltage, current duration, current value, frequency, and pathway. Currents between 50-120V AC or DC are generally considered safe, while higher currents can cause injuries like loss of muscle control, respiratory arrest, pain, fatigue, ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, and burns - some of which can be fatal. Ventricular fibrillation in particular is a major cause of death from electrical shock due to uncontrolled heart contractions.
Electrocution, or death caused by electric shock, occurs when electric current passes through the body. The type and severity of injury depends on factors like voltage, current, duration of contact, and path of current. Death is usually due to cardiac fibrillation or respiratory paralysis. Burns may be present at entry and exit points. A forensic examination looks for these burns, as well as other injuries like fractures caused by muscle contractions. Tissue damage ranges from mild burns to charring, and internal injuries can include heart lesions or cerebral edema.
The document discusses electrical safety topics including physiological effects of electricity, susceptibility parameters, distribution of electrical power, isolated power systems, macroshock and microshock hazards, electrical safety codes and standards, ground fault circuit interrupters, equipment design, and electrical safety testing. It covers electrical hazards in clinical environments, thresholds for electrical stimulation and injury, factors that influence susceptibility to electrical currents, and mechanisms for protecting against macroshocks and conducting leakage currents safely.
This document discusses electrical safety in medical environments. It outlines several hazards posed by electricity in these settings, including fire, hazardous substances, waste products, sound, electricity, and disasters. It then examines the physiological effects of electric current on the human body, such as stimulation of nerves and muscles, heating of tissues, and electrochemical burns. Threshold currents for perception, involuntary muscle contractions, respiratory paralysis and ventricular fibrillation are provided. The document also discusses electric power distribution, isolation systems, emergency power systems, electric faults in equipment, microshocks, and conductive paths to the heart in clinical devices.
This training session covers electrical safety for unqualified workers. “Unqualified” workers are those such as machine operators, operators of powered industrial trucks, construction workers, and others who are not qualified to perform electrical work, but who need to know important information about the hazards of electricity and how to prevent serious injury.
For workers who are authorized to work on or near energized electrical equipment and wiring, additional training is required.
Electric shock occurs when electric current passes through the human body, which can cause burns, physical injuries like broken bones, and nervous system effects such as stopping breathing. Shocks are caused by direct or indirect contact with an exposed live part. Current passing through the body at different levels can result in muscles clamping, fibrillation where the heart twitches without pumping blood, and damage to the heart tissue. To help someone receiving a shock, remove the source using an insulated item without touching the person. Monitor their condition afterwards and call for emergency help if unconscious. Safety precautions include avoiding wet work, using ground fault circuit interrupters, and staying away from overhead power lines.
This document discusses electrical safety and provides information on:
1) How electrical current can enter the body and travel through it, how current affects the body at different levels of amperage.
2) The primary injuries of electrical burns and respiratory failures and secondary injuries from accidents caused by shocks.
3) Factors like current amount, path, frequency and duration that determine injury severity.
4) Electrical hazards including physical ones like wet floors or bare wires and behavioral ones like taking shortcuts.
5) The proper response steps for an electrical accident of turning off power, freeing the victim safely, and calling for help.
1) Electrocutions can occur from a variety of voltages including domestic, industrial, and lightning sources. Fatal electrocutions are divided based on voltage into domestic (220-240V), industrial (high voltages), and lightning.
2) The factors that determine the effects of electrocution include voltage, amperage, current type (AC vs. DC), duration of contact, resistance of body tissues, area of body contact, and path of current through the body.
3) Death from electrocution is usually caused by ventricular fibrillation leading to cardiac arrest, but can also result from spasms of the respiratory muscles or paralysis of the respiratory center in the brain.
Motor and pump maintenance manual book soft copyRamesh Meti
1. The document provides safety rules and guidelines for working in an electrical maintenance lab. It details 15 general safety rules including keeping food and drinks out of the lab, reporting any equipment issues, and turning off equipment before leaving.
2. The document discusses electrical hazards, noting that electricity can cause serious injury or death from electric shock. It describes the three main ways shock can occur and factors that determine shock severity such as current level and duration of contact. Shock may cause burns, respiratory issues, or cardiac arrest.
3. Additional details are given on body resistance and ensuring circuits are properly grounded to avoid creating an electrical hazard. When working with live circuits, best practices include using one hand at a time to avoid current
The document provides an introduction to electricity including its definition, uses, generation, transmission, and distribution. It discusses the various dangers of electricity including electric shock, burns, neurological damage, ventricular fibrillation, arc flash, and statistics on electrical accidents. The dangers are higher from electrical installations in public places where safety precautions are not taken. Indian Electricity Rules 36 and 40 mandate safety requirements for handling electrical supply lines and apparatus as well as street boxes, but as images later show, these rules are often not followed. Ensuring electrical safety, especially in public areas, is important to minimize accidents.
This document provides information about electrical injuries, including definitions of electricity and different types of electrical currents. It then gives a brief history of electricity, covering discoveries from the 1600s to 1900s. It discusses factors that determine the severity of electrical shocks like current, resistance, and exposure time. Finally, it covers safety considerations and risks for household, industrial, and high voltage electrical incidents.
The document discusses various topics related to electrical safety. It covers physiological effects of electricity, susceptibility parameters, distribution of electrical power including isolated power systems, macroshock and microshock hazards, electrical safety codes and standards, and protection methods like grounding systems, isolated power distribution, and ground fault circuit interrupters. It provides details on thresholds for electrical stimulation, respiratory paralysis, ventricular fibrillation and burns based on current levels.
This document provides an overview of electrical safety training. It describes how electricity works and the risks of electrical shock and injury. Key points include:
- Electricity travels in closed circuits and shock occurs when the body becomes part of the circuit
- Electrical current can cause burns, internal injuries, and involuntary muscle contractions
- Even low voltages pose a hazard as muscular contractions may prevent releasing contact
- Ground faults are the most common type of shock, which GFCIs can help prevent
- Following safety practices like grounding equipment, avoiding power lines, and inspecting cords can help reduce electrical risks.
This document provides an overview of electric burn management from a presentation given by Soni Kumari. It defines electric injuries, classifies them into four types, and discusses their etiology. It describes how tissue resistance affects the path electricity takes through the body. Common associated injuries are outlined for various body systems. Management follows ATLS protocols and includes fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, escharotomy or fasciotomy if needed, wound debridement, and flaps. The goal is to address life threats, prevent complications, and promote wound healing.
This document provides an overview of electrical safety training. It covers basic concepts of electricity, hazard recognition, effects of electricity on the human body, electrical hazard protections, work practices, and responsibilities of supervisors and employees. The training aims to raise awareness of potential electrical hazards and instructs how to recognize, eliminate, and prevent hazards. It emphasizes following all electrical safety requirements and practices and what to do in the event of an electrical accident.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN OPERATION THEATRE .pptxSujata Walode
Operating rooms pose electrical shock hazards due to the abundance of electrical equipment, anesthetized patients who cannot move away from shocks, and the presence of fluids. Electrical shock occurs when a person completes a circuit between a voltage source and allows current to flow through their body, which can disrupt organ functions or cause burns. The severity of shock depends on current amplitude and duration, with alternating current posing more danger than direct current. Macro shocks involve large currents that can reach the heart through tissues, while microshocks involve small currents that can directly stimulate the heart through conduits like catheters. Proper grounding pad placement and equipment maintenance can help reduce electrical shock risks in operating rooms.
Electrical Safety Awareness Training by Albert Einstein College of MedicineAtlantic Training, LLC.
This document provides an outline for an electrical safety awareness training. It discusses the purpose of the training which is to raise awareness of electrical hazards and instruct attendees on hazard recognition, protection methods, and emergency response. Key topics covered include basic electricity concepts, effects of electricity on the human body, identifying hazards like damaged cords and exposed wiring, and protective equipment and practices like insulation, grounding, lockout/tagout procedures, and PPE. The training aims to emphasize electrical safety requirements to prevent electrical accidents and injuries.
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Fashionista Chic Couture Maze & Coloring Adventures is a coloring and activity book filled with many maze games and coloring activities designed to delight and engage young fashion enthusiasts. Each page offers a unique blend of fashion-themed mazes and stylish illustrations to color, inspiring creativity and problem-solving skills in children.
This document announces the winners of the 2024 Youth Poster Contest organized by MATFORCE. It lists the grand prize and age category winners for grades K-6, 7-12, and individual age groups from 5 years old to 18 years old.
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1. UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY PESHAWAR
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ELE-410 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
LECTURE # 01
BY DR. ADAM KHAN
1
2. • Text Book: Electric Motors and Control Systems
• By Frank D Petruzella 2nd Edition
2
3. Chapter 1: Safety in the Workplace
• Safety is the number one priority in any job.
• Every year, electrical accidents cause serious injury or death.
• Many of these casualties are young people just entering the
workplace.
• These accidents result from carelessness, from the pressures and
distractions of a new job,
• or from a lack of understanding about electricity
3
4. Part 1: Protecting against Electrical Shock
• Electrical Shock
• The human body conducts electricity.
• Even low currents may cause severe health effects.
• Spasms (a sudden involuntary muscular contraction), burns, muscle
paralysis, or death can result
• Depending on the amount of the current
• the route it takes
• the duration of exposure.
• The main factor for determining the severity of an electric shock is
the amount of electric current
4
5. Electrical Shock(Contd….)
• Body resistance can be divided into
• external (skin resistance) and
• internal (body tissues and blood stream resistance).
• Typical body resistance values are:
• Dry skin—100,000 to 600,000 Ω
• Wet skin—1,000 Ω
• Internal body (hand to foot)—400 to 600 Ω
• Ear to ear—100 Ω
5
6. Electrical Shock(Contd….)
• When skin resistance is low, the current may cause little or no skin
damage but severely burn internal organs and tissues.
• Conversely, high skin resistance can produce severe skin burns but
prevent the current from entering the body.
• The amount of voltage that is dangerous to life varies with each
individual because of differences in body resistance and heart
conditions.
• Generally, any voltage above 30 V is considered dangerous.
6
7. Electrical Shock(Contd….)
• If you came into direct contact with 120 volts and your body
resistance was 100,000 ohms the current that would flow would be:
1.2 mA.
• If you were sweaty and barefoot, then your resistance to ground
might be as low as 1,000 ohms. Then the current would be: 120 mA
• Figure 1-1 illustrates the relative magnitude and effect of electric
current.
7