Learning Matrix.pptx
- 1. Early Sumerian Education Aims TrainingScribes Training Book keepers Training Teachers Training Learners Organization There were already organized classes. There was higher education for the professions and for those who could afford it. Education was not universal. Types of Education Writing Education Mathematical Education Language Education Vocational Education Professional Education Art Education Methods of Instruction Imitation and Copying Akkadian Preparation of Tablets Content to be Studied Reading, writing, little arithmetic Astronomy, astrology, medicine, and surgery. Architecture, agriculture, and hydraulics Jewelry design in gold, copper, and silver, sculpture, literary art Vocational training Simple rules and regulations in law. Financing It was not clear whether the students paid tuition fees or not but most probably the students paid certain amounts of fees thus preventing the less privileged from continuing their higher education. Agencies Home School Temple Schools Apprentice Schools Outstanding Contribution Cuneiform •a system of writing first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia •Along with Egyptian hieroglyphs, it is one of the earliest writing systems (3500- 3000 BC).
- 2. Aims Training of Scribes ReligiousUtilitarian Preservation of Cultural Patterns Organization The young studied at home, mother as a teacher At age 5, the boys attended reading and writing schools if the parents could afford to pay the school fees At 17, the boys entered the schools that offered their vocations . Types of Education Religious Education Vocational-Professional Education Military Education Education for Public Administration Priesthood Education Home arts Education Writing, reading and language Education Methods of Instruction Apprenticeship Dictation, memorization, copying, imitation, repetition Observation and participation Content to be Studied Reading, writing, and language Religious and secular literature Artistry in metal and lapidary Mathematics, especially geometry and surveying Astronomy, engineering, architecture, physics, medicine, embalming, dentistry, and law Music, dancing, playing the harp, cymbals, drum, lyre, guitar, tambourine and clapping to rhythm. Sports, games, and physical education with swimming, wrestling, archery, hunting and fishing Military schools offered training in the use of the bow and arrow, battle axe, lance, mace, and shield Financing . The pupils and students had to pay a certain amount of school fees even in the lower schools. Education was not universal Agencies Home Temple Schools Military School Court School Vocational School Outstanding Contribution Surveying – a practice where measuring was used to accurately divide land into plots for taxation Early Egyptian Education
- 3. Early Hindu Education Aims Intellectual Religious Culture Organization Thechild was taught at home till the age of 5. At 5, the child attended higher schools. Children of Kshatriyas , Vaisyas and Pariahs were not admitted to intellectual education. The women were given only domestic education as their role Types of Education Religious Education Intellectual Education Vocational Education Domestic Education Military Education Methods of Instruction Imitation Memorization Content to be Studied Literature for the Brahmans. Vedas are composed of knowledge. In college or parishads, astronomy, history, grammar, law, medicine, and mathematics Dancing Sports Linguistics, philosophy, and theology for candidates for the priesthood. Military Training Financing It was a disgrace on the part of the teachers to receive a fixed salary. The teachers called gurus were highly respected by the children even more than they did their parents. Agencies Home Outdoor Monasteries Outstanding Contribution The outstanding contribution of the Hindus to education is probably the decimal system of arithmetical notation, particularly the use of the symbol “O”.
- 4. Early Chinese Education Aims Ideological andEthical Moral Learning Cultural Development Civil Service Organization Two Levels Elementary Higher Education. Types of Education Ideological and Moral Education Language Education Vocational and Domestic Education Civic Education Military Education Methods of Instruction The Confucius Method •Direct and •Exact Imitation Memorization Content to be Studied The Classics Book of Documents Book of Odes Book of Changes Book of Rites Book of Spring and Autumn Annals Financing The school were supported by tuition fees of the pupils from elementary Agencies Home State Schools Village Schools Private Schools House of the Teacher or rich school Deserted Pagoda Outstanding Contribution The administration of Civil Service Examination
- 5. Early Hebrew Education Aims Moral Preparationof Destiny Holiness Observance of Religion Organization Between Exodus and the captivity, the organization was in terms of family. Formal elementary instruction (three levels) Types of Education Religious and Civic Education Democratic Education Domestic Education Vocational Education Human Relations Physical Education Methods of Instruction Compulsory Oral Audio-Visual aids Memorization Exposition Content to be Studied History of the Hebrews The Jewish Law or Mosaic(Bible) Psalms and Proverbs Explanation of Festivities Music and Sacred Reading and Writing. Financing The teachers were not paid regularly but allowed to receive gifts from the parents of their students. Agencies Home Public Teacher Temple Institution for lay prophets School or colleges for scribes. Outstanding Contribution Monotheism. The concept of one and only God. The Ten Commandments. The general guide to ethical conduct. The Bible. The Bible is a collection of religious texts, writings, or scriptures. •).
- 6. Early Greek Education Aims Military Discpline Organization Atbirth, weak children were disposed of, abandoned or exposed to the elements. At early age, children were taught habits of silence, obedience, respect and reverance towards elders, bravery, etc. At the age 7-18, the boys lived in barracks-like educational building under the supervision of a state official. At the age of 18-20, the boys undertook professionals war training; at 20 one who had demonstrated superior qualities of leadership and mind, remained in the barracks help supervise the new entrants. At the age of 20-30, all took an oath of allegiance and dispered to military posts for war maneuvers. At 30, the man was full-fledge citizen, obliged or compelled to marry and took his seat in the assembly or council. The girls stayed at home but they were also organized into packs to develop group spirits, courage and loyalty. Types of Education Military Education Physical Education Moral Training Very little Intellectual Training Gymnastic Vocational Music Methods of Instruction Training Participation Testing Discipline Motivation Financing All financing was shouldered by the State. . Agencies The State Outstanding Contribution Military Education The development of patriotism and discipline .
- 7. Early Athenian Education Aims GoodCitizenship Individual Excellence Many Sided-Development Organization 1. From birth to 7 years, children were taught at home 2. From 7-16 years old, the boys went to two schools accompanied by slaves called pedagogues. The girls stayed at home The two schools were: Didascaleum – a music school that also taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and poetry. The teacher was called kitharist Palaestra – gymnastic, sports and games were taught in school Types of Education Civic Training Moral Training Physical Training Intellectual Education Arts Methods of Instruction Imitation Participation Discipline Human Relations Content to be Studied Reading by the alphabet method Writing on wax and tablets Arithmetic for market use Homeric and other poems Music Gymnastic Physical education exercises Military training subjects Financing It was not clear who finance the education but since the schools were private, it can be assumed that the students paid tuition fees. Agencies Private Schools Home State Outstanding Contribution Free development of all human capacities Olympic Games