Learning django step 1
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This document provides steps to build a basic web app using the Django framework in 30 minutes. It covers creating a Django project and app, defining models, views and templates, configuring settings, creating a database, and testing the app locally. The goal is to create a simple blog application with post listing and detail pages to demonstrate fundamental Django concepts and workflow.
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Learning django step 1
- 1. 30 分鐘建構 Web App Cd Chen http://www.cdchen.idv.tw/ 2014/04/14 Learning Django Step 1
- 2. A b o u t 陳永昇 (Cd Chen) http://www.cdchen.idv.tw/ 學歷：國⽴立台中科技⼤大學 經歷： 聯成電腦講師 恆逸資訊講師 現職： 乃師實業技術總監 passpass.cc 創辦⼈人 證照： RHCE / LPIC / NCLP MCSA / MCSE OCPJP / OCPJWCD TCSE / NSPA
- 3. LCURD List / Create / Update / Read / Delete
- 5. X 交給 Django 內建管理主控台 X X X
- 9. MVC
- 16. Controller View Model View Template MVC in Django
- 17. 建⽴立 Django App
- 18. 1. 建⽴立 Django Project 2. 建⽴立 Django App 3. 撰寫程式 4. 設定與測試
- 20. 建⽴立 Django Project (postapp)cd-macmini1:postapp cdchen$ django-admin.py startproject demosite" (postapp)cd-macmini1:postapp cdchen$ ls" bin demosite include lib" (postapp)cd-macmini1:postapp cdchen$ cd demosite/" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ls" demosite manage.py" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ cd demosite/" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ls" __init__.py settings.py urls.py wsgi.py" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ cd .." (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$
- 21. Django Project 架構 ‣ settings.py ‣ Django 專案的設定檔 ‣ urls.py ‣ URL Mapping 定義檔 ‣ wsgi.py ‣ Django WSGI Callback
- 22. 建⽴立 Django App
- 23. 建⽴立 Django App (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ls" demosite manage.py" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ./manage.py startapp postapp" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ls" demosite manage.py postapp" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ls postapp/" __init__.py admin.py models.py tests.py views.py" (postapp)cd-macmini1:postapp cdchen$
- 24. Django App 架構 ‣ admin.py ‣ 定義 Django 管理主控台 ‣ models.py ‣ 定義 Model ‣ tests.py ‣ 單元測試
- 25. 撰寫程式
- 26. 定義 Model from django.db import models" " # Create your models here." " class Post(models.Model):" title = models.CharField(max_length=255)" body = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True)" create_time = models.DateTimeField(db_index=True, auto_now_add=True)"
- 27. 撰寫 View ‣ Function-based View ‣ Generic View Class
- 28. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-" from django.conf.urls import patterns, url" from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView" from postapp.models import Post" " " class PostListView(ListView):" model = Post" template_name = 'post/list.html'" " " class PostDetailView(DetailView):" model = Post" template_name = 'post/detail.html'" " " ## 定義 URL Mapping" urlpatterns = patterns(''," url(r’^(?P<pk>d+)$', PostDetailView.as_view(), name='post_detail_view')," url(r'^$', PostListView.as_view(), name='post_list_view')," )"
- 29. 撰寫 Template ‣ Template 的位置 ‣ App 中 ‣ 獨⽴立的路徑 ‣ Template 語法 ‣ Template Tag ‣ Template Filter
- 30. post/list.html <!DOCTYPE html>" <html>" <head><title>Post List Page</title></head>" <body>" <h1>Post List</h1>" <ul>" {% for object in object_list %}" <li>" <small>{{ object.create_time }}</small>" <h2><a href="{% url 'post_detail_view' pk=object.pk %}">{{ object.title }}</a></h2>" <div>{{ object.body|truncatechars:30 }}</div>" </li>" {% endfor %}" </ul>" </body>" </html>
- 31. post/detail.html <!DOCTYPE html>" <html>" <head>" <title>{{ object.title }}</title>" </head>" <body>" <h1>{{ object.title }}</h1>" <small>{{ object.create_time }}</small>" <div>" {{ object.body }}" </div>" </body>" </html>
- 32. 撰寫 admin.py from django.contrib import admin" from postapp.models import Post" " " class PostModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):" pass" " " admin.site.register(Post, PostModelAdmin)"
- 33. 設定與測試
- 34. 設定 ‣ settings.py ‣ INSTALLED_APPS ‣ DATABASES ‣ urls.py
- 36. DATABASES DATABASES = {" 'default': {" 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3'," 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3')," }" }
- 37. urls.py from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url" from django.contrib import admin" admin.autodiscover()" urlpatterns = patterns(''," # Examples:" # url(r'^$', 'demosite.views.home', name='home')," # url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))," url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls))," url(r'^post/', include('postapp.views'))," )
- 38. 建⽴立資料庫 ‣ 預設使⽤用 SQLite 作為資料庫 ‣ 可搭配使⽤用 django-south 管理 Model 欄 位 ‣ Django 1.7 將直接內建 ‣ 執⾏行 manage.py syncdb
- 39. (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ./manage.py syncdb" Creating tables ..." Creating table django_admin_log" Creating table auth_permission" Creating table auth_group_permissions" Creating table auth_group" Creating table auth_user_groups" Creating table auth_user_user_permissions" Creating table auth_user" Creating table django_content_type" Creating table django_session" Creating table postapp_post" " You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined." Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes" Username (leave blank to use 'cdchen'): admin" Email address: admin@localhost.cc" Password: <PASSWORD>" Password (again): <PASSWORD>" Superuser created successfully." Installing custom SQL ..." Installing indexes ..." Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)" (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$
- 40. 測試 ‣ Django 內建測試伺服器 ‣ 可搭配 django-devserver ‣ 執⾏行：./manage.py runserver
- 41. (postapp)cd-macmini1:demosite cdchen$ ./manage.py runserver" Validating models..." " 0 errors found" April 13, 2014 - 08:36:13" Django version 1.6.2, using settings 'demosite.settings'" Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/" Quit the server with CONTROL-C."
- 45. 下⼀一步??
- 46. ‣ 更複雜的 ORM 機制 ‣ 熟悉 Form / Function-Based View ‣ 使⽤用 3rd-party App ‣ ⾃自定 Template Tag / Filter ‣ 開發 Reusable-App
- 48. 報告完畢 敬請指教