Fidel Castro was the leader of the Cuban Revolution and served as Prime Minister and President of Cuba for nearly 50 years. He graduated from law school in 1950 and led a guerilla campaign that overthrew the Batista regime in 1959, establishing a socialist government. Politically a Marxist-Leninist, Castro transformed Cuba into a one-party state and nationalized private industries. As a charismatic leader, he implemented social programs that improved healthcare and education but economic policies hindered development.