This document provides an agenda and information for a leadership and administrative dynamics course. It includes discussions of needs assessment tools, data analysis techniques, memo writing, and performing a PEST analysis. It also outlines six fundamental principles of analytical design: showing comparisons and causality, using multivariate data, integrating words and numbers, thoroughly describing evidence, and ensuring quality content.

1. Leadership and Administrative Dynamics
Eckerd Spring 2011

2. Agenda
Examination of needs assessment tools
PEST/SWOT
DATA Analysis
How to analyze and present data
Techniques
Read memos in class.
Memo Writing

4. SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Qualified Staff Weakness
Strong Board leadership Funding sources unstable
Good community relationships High turnover
Poor measurement of outcomes
Threats
Opportunities Recession will worsen to depression
New federal funding available Competition from for profit entities
New interest in homeless families Need exceeds ability to respond

5. PEST
• Political
• Economic
• Social
• Technological
• Break out session. Perform this test
for the agency you work for and present
it to the class.

14. six fundamental principles of analytical
design
• Show comparisons, contrasts, differences.
• Show causality, mechanism, explanation, systematic
structure.
• Show multivariate data; that is, show more than 1 or 2
variables.
• Completely integrate
words, numbers, images, diagrams.
• Thoroughly describe the evidence. Provide a detailed
title, indicate the authors and sponsors, document the
data sources, show complete measurement scales, point
out relevant issues.
• Analytical presentations ultimately stand or fall
depending on the quality, relevance, and integrity of
their content.

15. • “The purpose of an evidence presentation is to
assist thinking”, and that these six principles of
analytical design “are derived from the
principles of analytical thinking.” (BE, p. 137).
He claims that these design principles are
universal and “not tied to any particular
language, culture, style, century, gender, or
technology of information display.”

16. PowerPoint Is Evil
• Ina business setting, a PowerPoint slide
typically shows 40 words, which is about eight
seconds' worth of silent reading material. With
so little information per slide, many, many
slides are needed. Audiences consequently
endure a relentless sequentiality, one damn
slide after another.

17. • Visual
reasoning usually works more effectively
when relevant information is shown side by
side.

18. Tufte emphatically
• Do not write bullets with incomplete sentences.
• Remember the journalism rule: include
who, what, where, when and why
• Calculate the knowledge level, work and educational
backgrounds of your audience

19. COLOR!
• Avoidcolors that don’t match.
• Nature provides suggestions
• Remember to use the theme color available in
Microsoft products.

20. Sparklines
• tinyvisual device Tufte calls a “sparkline.” It’s
intended to convey a bunch of data, perhaps a
couple of hundred numbers’ worth, in a space
no larger than would be required for a couple
of words, like this bit of medical monitoring:

21. Sparklines

22. Sparklines

23. Gapminder
• Africais not a country
• Child mortality

24. 5
5
4 3
2 2
3
Series 1
2 Series 2
Series 3
1
Series 3
0 Series 2
Series 1
Category 1
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4

25. 100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
Series 3
50%
Series 2
40%
Series 1
30%
20%
10%
0%
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

26. 5
4
3
Series 1
2 Series 2
Series 3
1
Series 3
0 Series 2
Series 1
Category 1
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4

29. 6
5
4
Series 1
3
Series 2
Series 3
2
1
0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

30. Sales
1.2
1.4
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
3.2 8.2 4th Qtr

32. Revise and Edit
Default Microsoft Powerpoint Chart
90
80
70
Quarterly Sales
60
50 East
40 West
30 North
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
32

33. Revise and Edit
Remove Decorative Effects
100
90
80
Quarterly Sales
70
60 East
50 West
40 North
30
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
33

34. Revise and Edit
Remove Clutter
100
90
80
Quarterly Sales
70
60 East
50 West
40 North
30
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
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35. Revise and Edit
Make Legends and Titles Simple to Interpret
100 East
90 West
80
70 North
60
Sales 50
40
30
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
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36. Revise and Edit
Eliminate Superfluous Ink
100 East
90 West
80
70 North
60
Sales 50
40
30
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
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37. Revise and Edit
Eliminate Red/Green Distinctions
100 East
90 West
80
70 North
60
Sales 50
40
30
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
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38. Revise and Edit
Choose Better Fonts
100 East
90 West
80
70 North
60
Sales 50
40
30
20
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
38