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Development of dynamically evolving and
self-adaptive software
!

0. Prologue

LASER 2013
Isola d’Elba, September 2013

Carlo Ghezzi 	

Politecnico di Milano	

Deep-SE Group @ DEIB

!1
What is the single unique
feature that makes software
special, different,
unprecedented from any
other human artifact?
CHANGE
!2
Software and change
• No other human artifact is as easy to change as
software; virtually any change is conceivable	

• Yet achieving what we want by changes, and doing
that safely is extremely hard	

• Changes occur inevitably and continuously: they are
the norm, not the exception
• We know this since the 1970s, but surprisingly
accounting for evolution is seldom practiced	

• We suffer its consequences, we do not plan for it

!3
Why does software change?
• Software has to change (evolve) because of external
changes that may jeopardize quality and
dependability	

- changes in the requirements	

- changes in the environment

!4
Today and beyond
• Software everywhere
‣ World fully populated by computationally rich devices
(disappearing computer) 	

– appliances, sensors/actuators, ... “things”	

‣ Cyber-physical systems
• Mobility and situation-aware computing	

‣ new behaviors emerge dynamically in a situation-dependent
manner	

• Open world, no single authority	

• Continuously running systems	

‣ need to evolve while they offer service, possibly in a selfmanaged manner (self-healing, self-adapting)
5
The challenges
• Can we combine continuous change with
dependability?
• Can we make systems that self-adapt to changes?

6
The questions
• Are the traditional software paradigms still valid?
• What is new or different?

... and the answers
• The way software is developed and run has to change quite
radically
• The traditional separation between development time and
run time fades

!7
Goals of my lectures
• Understand the nature of evolution	

• Revisit modelling (specification) and verification in the
•
•

light of evolution	

Revisit how applications behave at run time to make
them evolution-aware	

Understand how changes can be done dynamically in
a safe manner

8

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Laser 0-prologue

  • 1. Development of dynamically evolving and self-adaptive software ! 0. Prologue
 LASER 2013 Isola d’Elba, September 2013 Carlo Ghezzi Politecnico di Milano Deep-SE Group @ DEIB !1
  • 2. What is the single unique feature that makes software special, different, unprecedented from any other human artifact? CHANGE !2
  • 3. Software and change • No other human artifact is as easy to change as software; virtually any change is conceivable • Yet achieving what we want by changes, and doing that safely is extremely hard • Changes occur inevitably and continuously: they are the norm, not the exception • We know this since the 1970s, but surprisingly accounting for evolution is seldom practiced • We suffer its consequences, we do not plan for it !3
  • 4. Why does software change? • Software has to change (evolve) because of external changes that may jeopardize quality and dependability - changes in the requirements - changes in the environment !4
  • 5. Today and beyond • Software everywhere ‣ World fully populated by computationally rich devices (disappearing computer) – appliances, sensors/actuators, ... “things” ‣ Cyber-physical systems • Mobility and situation-aware computing ‣ new behaviors emerge dynamically in a situation-dependent manner • Open world, no single authority • Continuously running systems ‣ need to evolve while they offer service, possibly in a selfmanaged manner (self-healing, self-adapting) 5
  • 6. The challenges • Can we combine continuous change with dependability? • Can we make systems that self-adapt to changes? 6
  • 7. The questions • Are the traditional software paradigms still valid? • What is new or different? ... and the answers • The way software is developed and run has to change quite radically • The traditional separation between development time and run time fades !7
  • 8. Goals of my lectures • Understand the nature of evolution • Revisit modelling (specification) and verification in the • • light of evolution Revisit how applications behave at run time to make them evolution-aware Understand how changes can be done dynamically in a safe manner 8