The document proposes a standardized English language policy for educational and socio-economic betterment. It discusses justifying the critical role of English in accessing knowledge and technology. The objectives are to develop language competence, critical thinking, and cultural awareness. It outlines curriculum development, teacher training, infrastructure improvements, and budget considerations. Regular monitoring and evaluation of stakeholders is key to ensuring the policy's inclusive implementation and flexibility over time.
This document outlines a position statement in favor of a more inclusive language policy for the general education curriculum in higher education institutions in the Philippines. It supports giving HEIs freedom to select the language of instruction as appropriate for their context rather than limiting it to just English and Filipino. It provides educational, social, linguistic, and legal reasons for this position, emphasizing that a more flexible policy embracing the country's multilingualism supports diversity, access, and international human rights standards. The position requests that CHED uphold its existing policy with a minor revision to allow other Philippine languages as mediums of instruction.
Language policy in education refers to the official rules governing language use in education systems. These policies vary between countries and within countries based on population language(s), history, culture, and politics. In India, language policy in education has been significant given its multilingual nature. Major education commissions and policies in India have recommended using regional languages as the medium of instruction up to grade 5 and introducing English and Hindi afterward to promote multilingualism and national unity while preserving cultural diversity. An effective language policy is important for equity, improved learning outcomes, multilingualism, cultural preservation, and social cohesion.
Bilingualism in Malaysia, Brunei & SingaporeGurmin Hans
This document discusses bilingualism policies and realities in Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei. It provides overviews of the linguistic situations and education policies in each country. Malaysia promotes Bahasa Malaysia and English, with Chinese and Tamil schools using those languages. Singapore has four official languages and promotes English in schools. Brunei adopted a bilingual policy in 1985 emphasizing both Malay and English in education. The document discusses implications for each country and debates the advantages and disadvantages of bilingualism. It concludes that education reforms must be justifiable within national policies.
The document outlines the language policy of MRSM school which aims to help students acquire strong linguistic skills in Malay, English, and their mother tongues. The policy emphasizes that all teachers are responsible for language development and that language skills are essential for learning, communication, and cultural identity. It identifies Malay as the primary language of instruction but supports developing English proficiency as well. The school also acknowledges the importance of preserving students' mother tongues. It provides language learning support and assesses students' development to ensure their progress in acquiring the necessary languages.
This document provides an overview of the Kindergarten to Grade 6 Hebrew Language Arts curriculum framework for Manitoba. It outlines seven general learning outcomes that form the basis of the curriculum. The framework takes a spiral approach to language learning, with concepts revisited at increasing levels of complexity each year. It emphasizes using Hebrew in meaningful, authentic contexts to develop language proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and representing. Culture is taught through an exploration of Hebrew traditions and an appreciation of diversity.
Language Policy in the Philippines and Legal Bases.pptxLovelyMaeDiaz
This document discusses the language policy and legal bases of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines. It provides the historical background of language policy from 1946 to 2004. It also outlines the key provisions in the Philippine Constitution and laws like the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 that establish Filipino and English as the official languages and mandate the use of mother tongue as the primary medium of instruction in kindergarten to grade 3. The document specifies the major languages to be offered in schools and clarifies the implementation of language learning areas from grades 1 to 2.
The document proposes a standardized English language policy for educational and socio-economic betterment. It discusses justifying the critical role of English in accessing knowledge and technology. The objectives are to develop language competence, critical thinking, and cultural awareness. It outlines curriculum development, teacher training, infrastructure improvements, and budget considerations. Regular monitoring and evaluation of stakeholders is key to ensuring the policy's inclusive implementation and flexibility over time.
This document outlines a position statement in favor of a more inclusive language policy for the general education curriculum in higher education institutions in the Philippines. It supports giving HEIs freedom to select the language of instruction as appropriate for their context rather than limiting it to just English and Filipino. It provides educational, social, linguistic, and legal reasons for this position, emphasizing that a more flexible policy embracing the country's multilingualism supports diversity, access, and international human rights standards. The position requests that CHED uphold its existing policy with a minor revision to allow other Philippine languages as mediums of instruction.
Language policy in education refers to the official rules governing language use in education systems. These policies vary between countries and within countries based on population language(s), history, culture, and politics. In India, language policy in education has been significant given its multilingual nature. Major education commissions and policies in India have recommended using regional languages as the medium of instruction up to grade 5 and introducing English and Hindi afterward to promote multilingualism and national unity while preserving cultural diversity. An effective language policy is important for equity, improved learning outcomes, multilingualism, cultural preservation, and social cohesion.
Bilingualism in Malaysia, Brunei & SingaporeGurmin Hans
This document discusses bilingualism policies and realities in Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei. It provides overviews of the linguistic situations and education policies in each country. Malaysia promotes Bahasa Malaysia and English, with Chinese and Tamil schools using those languages. Singapore has four official languages and promotes English in schools. Brunei adopted a bilingual policy in 1985 emphasizing both Malay and English in education. The document discusses implications for each country and debates the advantages and disadvantages of bilingualism. It concludes that education reforms must be justifiable within national policies.
The document outlines the language policy of MRSM school which aims to help students acquire strong linguistic skills in Malay, English, and their mother tongues. The policy emphasizes that all teachers are responsible for language development and that language skills are essential for learning, communication, and cultural identity. It identifies Malay as the primary language of instruction but supports developing English proficiency as well. The school also acknowledges the importance of preserving students' mother tongues. It provides language learning support and assesses students' development to ensure their progress in acquiring the necessary languages.
This document provides an overview of the Kindergarten to Grade 6 Hebrew Language Arts curriculum framework for Manitoba. It outlines seven general learning outcomes that form the basis of the curriculum. The framework takes a spiral approach to language learning, with concepts revisited at increasing levels of complexity each year. It emphasizes using Hebrew in meaningful, authentic contexts to develop language proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and representing. Culture is taught through an exploration of Hebrew traditions and an appreciation of diversity.
Language Policy in the Philippines and Legal Bases.pptxLovelyMaeDiaz
This document discusses the language policy and legal bases of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines. It provides the historical background of language policy from 1946 to 2004. It also outlines the key provisions in the Philippine Constitution and laws like the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 that establish Filipino and English as the official languages and mandate the use of mother tongue as the primary medium of instruction in kindergarten to grade 3. The document specifies the major languages to be offered in schools and clarifies the implementation of language learning areas from grades 1 to 2.
This document discusses the language policy and legal bases of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines. It provides the historical background of language policy from 1946 to 2004. It also outlines the key provisions in the Philippine Constitution and laws like the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 that establish Filipino and English as the official languages and mandate the use of mother tongue as the primary medium of instruction in kindergarten to grade 3. The document specifies the major languages to be offered in schools and clarifies the implementation of language learning areas from grades 1 to 2. It also discusses provisions to promote the use of local languages like Iloko in La Union.
US schools have traditionally promoted English but also attempted to advance bilingualism through foreign language programs and bilingual education. Foreign language programs teach languages as subjects but rarely produce bilingual students due to late starts and little required study. Bilingual education programs use a non-English language for instruction, but often hold English learners to unrealistic English standards and ignore students' full multilingual competence. Both programs are increasingly criticized for not considering the multilingual global context and view of students.
The Roadmap to Philippine MultiliteracyDina Ocampo
The document discusses language education policy in the Philippines. It outlines executive orders and bills that aim to strengthen the use of English as a medium of instruction in schools. It also discusses the importance of maintaining cultural identity through language and the benefits of mother tongue education and multilingualism based on evidence from studies. Key recommendations include recognizing the country's multilingual nature and promoting additive bilingual and multilingual education models.
National Language Policy on Primary Education and the Challenges of Language ...inventionjournals
This document discusses the national language policy on primary education in Nigeria and the challenges of implementing it. It outlines the policy which specifies using the mother tongue or language of the immediate community as the medium of instruction for the first three years, then progressively introducing English. However, it notes many challenges including a multilingual setting, lack of qualified teachers, inadequate funding and instructional materials, and problems with implementation. Overall, the document examines the difficulties faced in teaching multiple languages and effectively carrying out the national language policy in primary schools.
The document discusses factors that have impacted foreign language education programs and considerations for starting an elementary school Chinese language program. It covers the history of Chinese language schools and immersion programs. National standards and initiatives that promoted language learning are outlined. Research on benefits of early language learning is presented. The document examines program models and discusses elements critical for success, including adequate time and intensity of instruction, continuity, and teacher effectiveness. It also provides perspectives from an example Chinese immersion program.
This document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MLE) in the Philippines. It provides arguments for using students' first language as the primary medium of instruction, at least in the early grades, rather than exclusively using English. MLE has been shown to improve learning outcomes compared to English-only instruction by building on what students already know. The document also summarizes several studies, bills, and positions from government agencies and experts that support adopting MLE nationally rather than mandating English as the sole medium of instruction.
The document discusses the history and types of bilingual education in the Philippines. It outlines how bilingual education evolved from primarily using English for instruction to adopting a policy of using Filipino and English as official languages, with certain subjects taught in either Filipino or English. The goals of bilingual education in the Philippines are to develop competence in both Filipino and English and further enrich Filipino as the national language.
Schools Should End Up Hurting American StudentsRikki Wright
The author argues that terms like "disruptive innovation" are often used imprecisely in everyday conversation. Even companies commonly referred to as disruptive, like Uber, may not truly fit the definition. This casual use of jargon terms can be misleading for corporate leaders. Rather than overreacting to calls to "disrupt or be disrupted," incumbents should carefully assess actual competitive threats on a case-by-case basis. Creating a strong corporate culture and shared values may help motivate employees in today's global business environment.
Schools Should End Up Hurting American StudentsBrooke Curtis
The author argues that terms like "disruptive innovation" are often used imprecisely in everyday conversation. Even companies commonly referred to as disruptive, like Uber, may not truly fit the definition. This casual use of jargon terms can mislead corporate leaders to overreact to the idea that they must "disrupt or be disrupted." Instead, incumbents should carefully monitor changes rather than feel pressured into unnecessary actions. Precise use of language is important to have meaningful discussions about business strategies.
This document examines teachers' attitudes toward using students' mother tongue as the language of instruction in lower primary schools in Kenya. It finds that mother tongue is less valued than English, which is seen as important for both instrumental and integrative purposes. While the language policy in Kenya supports using mother tongue for the first three years of primary school, in practice English is often used instead. The document recommends that the government encourage publishing instructional materials in mother tongues and that policymakers reevaluate their position to better promote both the instructional and subject use of students' native languages.
The document discusses linguistic imperialism and the role of English in Argentina. It notes that while Spanish is the dominant language in Argentina, English is present and taught in schools for various reasons. English is taught beginning in primary school as it provides opportunities for education, business, and tourism internationally. However, Argentina remains a monolingual society with Spanish used for all daily functions. The importance of English is acknowledged but not at the expense of the Spanish language and Argentine culture.
Language Planning and Policy (LPP).pptxsuhanazabri
Language planning and policy (LPP) involves deliberate efforts to influence languages within a community. There are several key components of LPP:
1. Language planning refers to efforts taken by governments and other organizations to influence language use, structure, or acquisition. This includes corpus planning (standardization), status planning (official functions), and acquisition planning (language education).
2. Language policy refers to the ideas, laws, and practices around language use and includes components like language ideology, practices, and management.
3. There are different types of language planning activities, including corpus, status, acquisition, usage, and prestige planning. Governments use language policies and planning to promote certain languages over others.
4
This document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE). It defines key terms like mother tongue and outlines the principles and stages of an MTB-MLE program. MTB-MLE aims to produce learners who are multilingual, multicultural, and multilitterate by using the students' native language as the primary language of instruction and gradually introducing additional languages. Research shows that students who receive early education in their home language tend to perform better overall and that MTB-MLE programs can be more cost effective than systems that use only the secondary language.
The document discusses the increasing diversity in early childhood classrooms in the United States. It notes that while many classrooms now have students who speak dozens of different languages, most educators only speak English. It highlights programs that have helped support multilingual learners, such as providing books and instruction in children's home languages. The Council for Professional Recognition is working to expand access to its Child Development Associate credential to early childhood educators around the world and in many languages to help boost the multilingual early childhood workforce.
Language Support for Youth With a Migrant BackgroundMiqui Mel
1) This document summarizes language support policies for immigrant students in Europe. It identifies key elements of effective support such as initial student assessments, induction programs, ongoing language instruction, training for mainstream teachers, and support for students' native languages.
2) The summary provides examples of good practices from Denmark, including language stimulation for young children, welcoming classes for new immigrant students, and requirements for trained teachers of language as a second language.
3) However, the document also notes gaps in implementing good practices, such as lack of monitoring and evaluation, insufficient professional development, and low community involvement. The brief aims to provide recommendations to address immigrant students' linguistic needs.
This document discusses different types of bilingual education programs. It describes 10 types of programs including maintenance bilingual education, which aims to preserve a student's first language while adding a second; and transitional bilingual education, which uses a student's first language temporarily to help them transition to instruction in a second language. The document also discusses mainstreaming/submersion, where students learn in a second language only without support for their first; and segregationist education, where students are separated based on language with the goal of maintaining separation.
Linguistically and culturally diverse is an educational term.docxSHIVA101531
Linguistically and culturally diverse is an educational term
used by the U.S. Department of Education to define
children enrolled in educational programs who are either
non-English-proficient (NEP) or limited-English-proficient
(LEP). Educators use this phrase, linguistically and culturally
diverse, to identify children from homes and communities
where English is not the primary language of communica-
tion (Garciá 1991). For the purposes of this statement, the
phrase will be used in a similar manner.
This document primarily describes linguistically and
culturally diverse children who speak languages other than
English. However, the recommendations of this position
statement can also apply to children who, although they
speak only English, are also linguistically and culturally
diverse.
Introduction
The children and families served in early childhood
programs reflect the ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity
of the nation. The nation’s children all deserve an early
childhood education that is responsive to their families,
communities, and racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds.
For young children to develop and learn optimally, the early
childhood professional must be prepared to meet their
diverse developmental, cultural, linguistic, and educational
needs. Early childhood educators face the challenge of how
best to respond to these needs.
The acquisition of language is essential to children’s cogni-
tive and social development. Regardless of what language
children speak, they still develop and learn. Educators recognize
that linguistically and culturally diverse children come to early
childhood programs with previously acquired knowledge and
learning based upon the language used in their home. For
young children, the language of the home is the language they
have used since birth, the language they use to make and
establish meaningful communicative relationships, and the
language they use to begin to construct their knowledge and test
their learning. The home language is tied to children’s culture,
and culture and language communicate traditions, values, and
attitudes (Chang 1993). Parents should be encouraged to use
and develop children’s home language; early childhood educa-
tors should respect children’s linguistic and cultural backgrounds
and their diverse learning styles. In so doing, adults will en-
hance children’s learning and development.
Just as children learn and develop at different rates,
individual differences exist in how children whose home
language is not English acquire English. For example, some
children may experience a silent period (of six or more
months) while they acquire English; other children may
practice their knowledge by mixing or combining languages
(for example, “Mi mamá me put on mi coat”); still other
children may seem to have acquired English-language skills
(appropriate accent, use of vernacular, vocabulary, and
grammatical rules) but are not truly proficient; yet some
children will quickly acq ...
There are several forms of indigenous language education programs in Canada. Core language programs teach an indigenous language for one class period per day, while immersion programs fully integrate the indigenous language into all classes. Language nests are preschool immersion programs conducted entirely in the indigenous language. Some schools, like the Akwesasne Freedom School, are fully immersed language schools that aim to incorporate indigenous language and culture into all aspects of education to reverse cultural assimilation and ensure language survival. Bilingual programs teach students to be fluent in both an indigenous language and English. Challenges to maintaining indigenous languages include a lack of community and financial support along with few remaining fluent speakers.
This document discusses the language policy and legal bases of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines. It provides the historical background of language policy from 1946 to 2004. It also outlines the key provisions in the Philippine Constitution and laws like the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 that establish Filipino and English as the official languages and mandate the use of mother tongue as the primary medium of instruction in kindergarten to grade 3. The document specifies the major languages to be offered in schools and clarifies the implementation of language learning areas from grades 1 to 2. It also discusses provisions to promote the use of local languages like Iloko in La Union.
US schools have traditionally promoted English but also attempted to advance bilingualism through foreign language programs and bilingual education. Foreign language programs teach languages as subjects but rarely produce bilingual students due to late starts and little required study. Bilingual education programs use a non-English language for instruction, but often hold English learners to unrealistic English standards and ignore students' full multilingual competence. Both programs are increasingly criticized for not considering the multilingual global context and view of students.
The Roadmap to Philippine MultiliteracyDina Ocampo
The document discusses language education policy in the Philippines. It outlines executive orders and bills that aim to strengthen the use of English as a medium of instruction in schools. It also discusses the importance of maintaining cultural identity through language and the benefits of mother tongue education and multilingualism based on evidence from studies. Key recommendations include recognizing the country's multilingual nature and promoting additive bilingual and multilingual education models.
National Language Policy on Primary Education and the Challenges of Language ...inventionjournals
This document discusses the national language policy on primary education in Nigeria and the challenges of implementing it. It outlines the policy which specifies using the mother tongue or language of the immediate community as the medium of instruction for the first three years, then progressively introducing English. However, it notes many challenges including a multilingual setting, lack of qualified teachers, inadequate funding and instructional materials, and problems with implementation. Overall, the document examines the difficulties faced in teaching multiple languages and effectively carrying out the national language policy in primary schools.
The document discusses factors that have impacted foreign language education programs and considerations for starting an elementary school Chinese language program. It covers the history of Chinese language schools and immersion programs. National standards and initiatives that promoted language learning are outlined. Research on benefits of early language learning is presented. The document examines program models and discusses elements critical for success, including adequate time and intensity of instruction, continuity, and teacher effectiveness. It also provides perspectives from an example Chinese immersion program.
This document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MLE) in the Philippines. It provides arguments for using students' first language as the primary medium of instruction, at least in the early grades, rather than exclusively using English. MLE has been shown to improve learning outcomes compared to English-only instruction by building on what students already know. The document also summarizes several studies, bills, and positions from government agencies and experts that support adopting MLE nationally rather than mandating English as the sole medium of instruction.
The document discusses the history and types of bilingual education in the Philippines. It outlines how bilingual education evolved from primarily using English for instruction to adopting a policy of using Filipino and English as official languages, with certain subjects taught in either Filipino or English. The goals of bilingual education in the Philippines are to develop competence in both Filipino and English and further enrich Filipino as the national language.
Schools Should End Up Hurting American StudentsRikki Wright
The author argues that terms like "disruptive innovation" are often used imprecisely in everyday conversation. Even companies commonly referred to as disruptive, like Uber, may not truly fit the definition. This casual use of jargon terms can be misleading for corporate leaders. Rather than overreacting to calls to "disrupt or be disrupted," incumbents should carefully assess actual competitive threats on a case-by-case basis. Creating a strong corporate culture and shared values may help motivate employees in today's global business environment.
Schools Should End Up Hurting American StudentsBrooke Curtis
The author argues that terms like "disruptive innovation" are often used imprecisely in everyday conversation. Even companies commonly referred to as disruptive, like Uber, may not truly fit the definition. This casual use of jargon terms can mislead corporate leaders to overreact to the idea that they must "disrupt or be disrupted." Instead, incumbents should carefully monitor changes rather than feel pressured into unnecessary actions. Precise use of language is important to have meaningful discussions about business strategies.
This document examines teachers' attitudes toward using students' mother tongue as the language of instruction in lower primary schools in Kenya. It finds that mother tongue is less valued than English, which is seen as important for both instrumental and integrative purposes. While the language policy in Kenya supports using mother tongue for the first three years of primary school, in practice English is often used instead. The document recommends that the government encourage publishing instructional materials in mother tongues and that policymakers reevaluate their position to better promote both the instructional and subject use of students' native languages.
The document discusses linguistic imperialism and the role of English in Argentina. It notes that while Spanish is the dominant language in Argentina, English is present and taught in schools for various reasons. English is taught beginning in primary school as it provides opportunities for education, business, and tourism internationally. However, Argentina remains a monolingual society with Spanish used for all daily functions. The importance of English is acknowledged but not at the expense of the Spanish language and Argentine culture.
Language Planning and Policy (LPP).pptxsuhanazabri
Language planning and policy (LPP) involves deliberate efforts to influence languages within a community. There are several key components of LPP:
1. Language planning refers to efforts taken by governments and other organizations to influence language use, structure, or acquisition. This includes corpus planning (standardization), status planning (official functions), and acquisition planning (language education).
2. Language policy refers to the ideas, laws, and practices around language use and includes components like language ideology, practices, and management.
3. There are different types of language planning activities, including corpus, status, acquisition, usage, and prestige planning. Governments use language policies and planning to promote certain languages over others.
4
This document discusses mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE). It defines key terms like mother tongue and outlines the principles and stages of an MTB-MLE program. MTB-MLE aims to produce learners who are multilingual, multicultural, and multilitterate by using the students' native language as the primary language of instruction and gradually introducing additional languages. Research shows that students who receive early education in their home language tend to perform better overall and that MTB-MLE programs can be more cost effective than systems that use only the secondary language.
The document discusses the increasing diversity in early childhood classrooms in the United States. It notes that while many classrooms now have students who speak dozens of different languages, most educators only speak English. It highlights programs that have helped support multilingual learners, such as providing books and instruction in children's home languages. The Council for Professional Recognition is working to expand access to its Child Development Associate credential to early childhood educators around the world and in many languages to help boost the multilingual early childhood workforce.
Language Support for Youth With a Migrant BackgroundMiqui Mel
1) This document summarizes language support policies for immigrant students in Europe. It identifies key elements of effective support such as initial student assessments, induction programs, ongoing language instruction, training for mainstream teachers, and support for students' native languages.
2) The summary provides examples of good practices from Denmark, including language stimulation for young children, welcoming classes for new immigrant students, and requirements for trained teachers of language as a second language.
3) However, the document also notes gaps in implementing good practices, such as lack of monitoring and evaluation, insufficient professional development, and low community involvement. The brief aims to provide recommendations to address immigrant students' linguistic needs.
This document discusses different types of bilingual education programs. It describes 10 types of programs including maintenance bilingual education, which aims to preserve a student's first language while adding a second; and transitional bilingual education, which uses a student's first language temporarily to help them transition to instruction in a second language. The document also discusses mainstreaming/submersion, where students learn in a second language only without support for their first; and segregationist education, where students are separated based on language with the goal of maintaining separation.
Linguistically and culturally diverse is an educational term.docxSHIVA101531
Linguistically and culturally diverse is an educational term
used by the U.S. Department of Education to define
children enrolled in educational programs who are either
non-English-proficient (NEP) or limited-English-proficient
(LEP). Educators use this phrase, linguistically and culturally
diverse, to identify children from homes and communities
where English is not the primary language of communica-
tion (Garciá 1991). For the purposes of this statement, the
phrase will be used in a similar manner.
This document primarily describes linguistically and
culturally diverse children who speak languages other than
English. However, the recommendations of this position
statement can also apply to children who, although they
speak only English, are also linguistically and culturally
diverse.
Introduction
The children and families served in early childhood
programs reflect the ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity
of the nation. The nation’s children all deserve an early
childhood education that is responsive to their families,
communities, and racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds.
For young children to develop and learn optimally, the early
childhood professional must be prepared to meet their
diverse developmental, cultural, linguistic, and educational
needs. Early childhood educators face the challenge of how
best to respond to these needs.
The acquisition of language is essential to children’s cogni-
tive and social development. Regardless of what language
children speak, they still develop and learn. Educators recognize
that linguistically and culturally diverse children come to early
childhood programs with previously acquired knowledge and
learning based upon the language used in their home. For
young children, the language of the home is the language they
have used since birth, the language they use to make and
establish meaningful communicative relationships, and the
language they use to begin to construct their knowledge and test
their learning. The home language is tied to children’s culture,
and culture and language communicate traditions, values, and
attitudes (Chang 1993). Parents should be encouraged to use
and develop children’s home language; early childhood educa-
tors should respect children’s linguistic and cultural backgrounds
and their diverse learning styles. In so doing, adults will en-
hance children’s learning and development.
Just as children learn and develop at different rates,
individual differences exist in how children whose home
language is not English acquire English. For example, some
children may experience a silent period (of six or more
months) while they acquire English; other children may
practice their knowledge by mixing or combining languages
(for example, “Mi mamá me put on mi coat”); still other
children may seem to have acquired English-language skills
(appropriate accent, use of vernacular, vocabulary, and
grammatical rules) but are not truly proficient; yet some
children will quickly acq ...
There are several forms of indigenous language education programs in Canada. Core language programs teach an indigenous language for one class period per day, while immersion programs fully integrate the indigenous language into all classes. Language nests are preschool immersion programs conducted entirely in the indigenous language. Some schools, like the Akwesasne Freedom School, are fully immersed language schools that aim to incorporate indigenous language and culture into all aspects of education to reverse cultural assimilation and ensure language survival. Bilingual programs teach students to be fluent in both an indigenous language and English. Challenges to maintaining indigenous languages include a lack of community and financial support along with few remaining fluent speakers.
Similar to LANGUAGE-IN-EDUCATION-POLICIES-ISSUES-AND-CHALLENGES-1.pptx (20)
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
3. At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Analyze an actual case of introducing an LEP to
understand the requisite transformation in education and
the challenges associated with it;
2. Evaluate the veracity of the reported challenges in LEP,
language Instruction, and multilingualism; and
3. research and propose viable solutions to the challenges.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
4. 1. Equity and Access:
Ensuring that all individuals, regardless of their language
background, have equal access to services, programs, and
opportunities. This involves providing language support and
accommodations to facilitate meaningful participation for
those with limited proficiency in the dominant language.
LANGUAGE POLICY AND LIMITED ENGLISH
PROFICIENCY (LEP) PROGRAMS
TYPICALLY HAVE SEVERAL MAJOR
GOALS:
5. 3. Education and Empowerment:
Supporting language learning and proficiency development among
language minority populations. Language policies often include
provisions for bilingual education, English as a Second Language
(ESL) programs, and other initiatives aimed at enhancing linguistic
skills and academic achievement.
2. Communication and Integration:
Facilitating effective communication between individuals and institutions
that speak different languages. This goal aims to foster social cohesion,
promote integration of linguistic minorities into society, and reduce
language barriers that may impede access to information, services, and
rights.
6. 5. Cultural Preservation:
Recognizing and preserving linguistic diversity as a valuable aspect
of cultural heritage. Language policies may include measures to
support the maintenance and revitalization of endangered
languages, as well as the promotion of bilingualism or
multilingualism as assets in a globalized world.
4.Legal Compliance:
Ensuring compliance with legal mandates and obligations related to
language rights, including provisions outlined in national and
international laws, such as the Civil Rights Act in the United States or
language rights frameworks in multilingual countries.
7. 7.Economic Development:
Recognizing the economic benefits of linguistic diversity and proficiency.
Language policies may aim to leverage multilingualism as a resource for
international trade, tourism, cultural exchange, and innovation, while also
addressing language barriers that may hinder economic participation and
mobility.
6.Effective Governance:
Enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of public administration by
providing language services and resources to facilitate communication with
diverse linguistic communities. This goal is essential for ensuring that
government agencies can serve all constituents equitably and address the
needs of diverse populations.
9. Israel is a linguistically diverse country consisted of Jewish, Arabs, and
immigrants from Russia and Ethiopia to name a few.
Hebrew is the language for everyday communication by the dominant
group, the Israelis.
Arabs use a variety of spoken Arabic at home; they adhere to the
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) for writing.
Immigrants like Russians and Ethiopians use their home language.
Hebrew and Arabic are considered as official languages.
10. The first LEP was only documented in 1996. Prior to this, no policy
governs Jewish schools.
In 1996, the LEP of Israel was finalized; the LEP claims to adopt a
multilingual principle- that different languages are used for different
purposes. The document explicitly states the following:
For Jewish schools, Hebrew is the official language of instruction.
English is introduced in Grade 4 onward. Arabic and French will be
considered as additional languages and will be taught for a period of
three years, starting Grade 7.
11. For Arab schools, Arabic is the language of instruction and
Hebrew will be taught in Grade 3 onward and English starting in
Grade 4. Additional languages are encouraged to be taught.
For immigrants, they are encouraged to maintain their home
languages through special classes; the national curriculum does
not mention anything about the age, duration, and content,
among others, of the teaching of the home languages of the
Immigrants.
12. The language-in-education policies, specifically
those of Southeast Asian countries, were, by
principle, designed to promote multilingualism in
all layers and levels of society. Clayton (2006)
posited that LEPs of SE Asian countries have two
general themes:
13. 1. LEPs are attempts of governments “to forge post-colonial or
contemporary identities at the national level”.
2. LEPs create spaces for learning English as a foreign language.
Though the attempts to accommodate the nondominant languages are
evident, it is undeniable that nations, including SE Asian countries,
continue to face challenges in the implementation of a pluralistic, more
inclusive LEP.
14. Kosoken and Young (2010) presented some problems in SE Asian countries
concerning multilingual education.
1. Multilingual Education is expensive.
2. The use of multiple languages in education can divide a nation.
3. Most SE nations are still in the process of nation-building (after colonization); thus,
it is important that a national language is identified and preferred.
4. The use of nondominant languages delays the learning of dominant (national,
official, or international languages).
5. No orthographies for nondominant languages
6. So many languages being used in a school can cause problems for teachers and
students.
7. The LEP may be clearly written, but it is a different story when implemented given
the lack of support.
15. CHALLENGES AND ISSUES IN
MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
1.prioritize and allocate sufficient
funding.
2.Governments and educational
institutions can also seek partnerships
and collaborations with international
organizations.
3. investing in technology
4.implementing cost-effective strategies
1.Multilingual Education is
expensive
16. 2. The use of multiple
languages in education can
divide a nation.
1.Implementing multilingual education
programs in a way that promotes
inclusivity, respect for linguistic
diversity, and national cohesion.ctive
strategies
1.Balancing factors like fostering
national unity and identity while
also respecting and preserving
linguistic diversity.
3. Most SE nations are still in the
process of nation-building (after
colonization); thus, it is important
that a national language is
identified and preferred.
17. 4. The use of nondominant
languages delays the learning of
dominant (national, official, or
international languages).
1.Balancing the promotion of
nondominant languages with the
need to ensure proficiency in
dominant languages to avoid
potential disadvantages for students
in the long run.
1.Develop orthographies for
nondominant languages to
promote their use and preserve
linguistic diversity in multilingual
education systems.
5. No orthographies for
nondominant languages
18. 6. So many languages being
used in a school can cause
problems to teachers and
students.
1. Requires careful planning for
effective language policies.
2. Ongoing support for both
teachers and students in
multilingual education settings.
1.Not only establish clear LEPs but
also ensure that they are
accompanied by the necessary
support, resources, and
infrastructure to enable successful
implementation in multilingual
education settings.
7. The LEP may be clearly
written, but it is a different story
when implemented given the lack
of support.