This document outlines the key activities, objectives, research questions, locations, methods, outputs, and budget for a planned research project on gender equity in decision-making and control over household labor in dryland systems from 2014-2016. The objectives are to achieve gender equity in decision-making and access/control over labor resources. Research questions focus on understanding men's and women's labor allocation and opportunities, norms, technology access, and control over expenditures and labor. Methods will include surveys, observation, interviews, and focus groups across sites in Egypt, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia. Expected outputs are increased visibility of women's income opportunities and policy recommendations. Outcomes include reduced drudgery for women, increased

1. (Abstract from POWB 2014)
Table 1 - Planned key activities for 2014-2016 to produce IDOs and outputs
Gender equity in
decision-making,
access and control
over household labor
in Dryland Systems
Labour
Objectives: Achieve gender equity in decision making and in access and
control over labor and related resources
Research Questions:
-Understand participation in labour by men and women in households of
various socio-economic backgrounds
-Role of access to land, water, credit, social status (women with children,
married, divorced, widowed, of varying socio-economic backgrounds),skills,
labor markets, social relations and labor allocation and opportunities
-Understand men’s and women’s allocation of labour (including leisure time)
-Pay equality
-Norms
-Technology access
-Control over expenditure (in money and in kind)
-Control over labour
-Understand of interventions on labor allocation on women and men’s labor
Geographical Location (s) including the Action Sites: Kafr El Sheikh and
Noubariya, Egypt; Chinanga Triangle , Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia
Type of methods used:
-Survey to understand gendered roles and distribution of work
-Participant observation
-Compare on the norms spectrum between sites
-Interviews
-Focus groups
-Target activities which women have control over their labour and its
expenditure (e.g., chickens and rabbits, which is usually marginalized from
Research Outputs:
-Increased visibility for women’s income-generating
opportunities
-Policy recommendations for equitable pay and better
working conditions (e.g., relevant technologies)
Research Outcomes:
-Reduction in drudgery for women and productive roles
(growing, preparing, and serving food)
-Increased labor productivity for women
-Increased decision-making over labor allocation and
expenditure by and for women
-Increased access to labor-saving technologies by
gender
-Negative impacts from interventions mitigated for

2. extension)
-Understand the gendered tradeoffs of different patterns of labor allocation
Budget:
Survey 20-30x 2 areas
Qualitative work 10 x 2 areas
Travel 10 x 2 areas
Meetings 3 x 2 areas
50-60,000 per year per site
Gender research dimension
Linkages to other CRPs (if relevant):