The lab report discusses common Linux commands for working with directories and files, including mkdir to create directories, cd to change the current working directory, echo to display text, touch to update file timestamps, nano and vim to edit files, ls to list files, mv to move or rename files, rmdir to remove empty directories, and rm -r to recursively remove directories and their contents.

1. Lab Report – 01
Sangam Bhusal
TOPIC: Basic of Linux
Mkdir: The “mkdir” command in Linux creates directories (folders) with the specified names
or paths.
1) Cd: The “cd” command in Linux is used to change the current working directory in the
command-line interface.
2) Echo: The “echo” command in Linux is used to display text or print messages to the terminal or
standard output.
3) Touch: The “touch” command in Linux is used to create empty files or update the timestamp of
existing files without modifying their content.
4) Nano: The “nano” command in Linux is used to open a text editor in the terminal, allowing you
to create and edit text files.
5) Vim: The “vim” command in Linux is used to open the Vim text editor in the terminal, which is
a powerful and highly configurable text editor for creating and editing text files.

2. 6) Ls: The “ls” command in Linux is used to list the files and directories in the current working
directory or in a specified directory when given as an argument.
7) Mv: The “mv” command in Linux is used to move files and directories or to rename them
within the file system.
8) Rmdir: The “rmdir” command in Linux is used to remove (delete) empty directories or folders
from the file system.
9) Rm –r: The “rm –r” command in Linux is used to recursively remove (delete) directories and
their contents, including subdirectories and files. Use it with caution, as it can result in the
permanent deletion of data.