7. Explanation
「ところです」 it is used to describe states of action.
1. dictionary form + ところです = be just about to do
something
2. te form + いるところです = be in the middle of
doing something
3. Plain past + ところです = have just done
something/have been doing something.
NOTE: The ているところ form focuses on the state or
scene and the exact point in time, whereas ている (without
ところ ) focuses on the action and can denote long-term,
ongoing processes. Compare these two examples:
•日本語を勉強しているところです。
I am studying Japanese at this moment.
•日本語を勉強しています。
I am studying Japanese.
ところは、けんか
するところなど予
想することには使
えない。確実に起
こることに使う。
時間の経過を表す
8. 例:
Rule Example English
Plain form verb + ところです 私は今出かけるとこ
ろです。
I’m just about to go out
now
te-iru + ところです
面白い本を読んでい
るところです。
I’m (in the middle
of) reading an
interesting book.
Plain past verb + ところで
す
ご飯を食べ終わったと
ころです。
I just finished eating
my meal.
17. ばかりです
ばかりです express what has been done not long
ago.
It is different from したところです as this shows
you have JUST done something.
Structure
Plain past tense of verbs + ばかりです
When you connect ばかり to other words such as
のに、ので、 don’t forget な e.g. ばかりなのに
、ばかりなので
21. はず
Saying how you expect things to be or happen
Expectations can be based on a variety of
things including past experiences, common
sense and customs.
In Japanese, when talking about how things
are expected to be or supposed to happen, use
はず . This is the speaker’s certainty or
expectation.
There are various ways of translations
according to the situation. Here are some
typical translations – ‘I expect that’, ‘it is likely
that’, ‘it is expected that’, ‘should’, ‘ought to’,
‘can’t be’, ‘it is natural that’, ‘it is fairy certain
that’, ‘no wonder’, ‘it is supposed to be’
結果に自信
があるとき
。
テストはよ
くできたは
ずだ
23. NEGATIVE FORM
You normally attach です after はず but you
can also make this into negatives by…
Make verbs into negatives
食べないはずです。 It is unlikely that you eat
Make です into negatives
食べるはずはありません(はずはない) wouldn’t
eat, don’t expect to eat
食べるはずがありません(はずがない) there’s no
way that he eats, he can’t be eating
First way of negative is speaker’s certainty or
expectation but second way of negative often
has the feeling of ‘discovery, report, surprise’
24. PAST TENSE
By changing です in past tense, you can
express the action that happened in the
past.
食べたはずです
He should have eaten
食べるはずでした。
I was expecting to eat/should have eaten
食べるはずではありませんでした。
I wasn’t expecting to eat/shouldn’t have eaten
食べるはずがありませんでした。
There was no way that I ate