L1_Plantation-compressed.pdf we will have a good time

Outline
1.History
2.Basic principles for planting design
3.Steps for creating plant design
4. Things to consider for combining plantation
5.Plant material in architecture design
6.Plantation trees
7.Plantation shrubs
8.PLantation graphic ,drawing and scale
9.Websites

Plantation
History
Again, because plants are living, we often hold a special reverence for them that goes
beyond the more practical concern about whether they receive adequate water or
fertilizer. Like animals, plants are a form of life that many people believe should be
preserved and protected against harm and death. Looking back in history,
fi
nd that certain
primitive
cultures such as the Hlandeling tribe in Indonesia and some American Indian tribes
actually refused to cut down living trees out of religious respect for their life.
”
1.Baroque garden style

Plantation
“Plants are increasingly being recognized as a vital part of our urban and domestic environments, not just a
luxury or an unnecessary – if pleasant – bit of decoration. It has long been established, for example, that the
mere view of plants through a window has a bene
fi
cial e
ff
ect on the human psyche, and that plants can play
an important role in cleaning and purifying the air of buildings and built-up environments.
”
1.Baroque garden style

Functions of the plantation within urban domestic areas
1.In addition as an element in any one design .
2.Solving many environmental problems
3.Cleans the air
4.Modify air temperature
5.Prevent erosion and loss of soil
6.Modify air temperature
7.Provide habitats for birds and animals ,biodiversity
8.Real estate value of the buildings
9.Three major functions in the outdoor environment as : A
structure elements ,Environmental ,Visual
Plantation
1.https://landskapsarkitekt.tumblr.com/post/136487080003

Plantation
STEPS OF CREATING A PLANTING DESIGN
A hardiness zone is a geographic area de
fi
ned as having a certain average annual minimum temperature,
a factor relevant to the survival of many plants.
1.https://www.extension.iastate.edu/smallfarms/spatial-design-landscaping-plans
8
7
9

Plantation
A hardiness zone is a geographic area de
fi
ned as having a certain average annual minimum temperature,
a factor relevant to the survival of many plants.
https://www.gardenia.net/plant/acer-circinatum

Plantation Selection
Plants as a Medium for Design
Nick Robinson - The Planting Design Handbook-Routledge (2016).pdf
Plants as Living Materials

Plants as a Medium for Design
Plants as Living Materials
Plants are growing, changing, interacting organisms and plant communities, whether
they are spontaneous (those we commonly call natural) or designed, and exist in a state
of
fl
ux.

Plantation Botanical Name
Abies alba Mill
Abies: The genus name and represents a
group of closely related species
alba: This is the species name
Mill : This is the author abbreviation and
refers to the person who formally
described or published the species.

Plantation
BASIC PRINCIPLES FOR PLANTING DESIGNS
• Maintenance and use + demands of plants + site
(potential)
•
All 3 have to be satisfactory
two approaches:
• Horticultural/dendrological (plant = aim)
• landscape architectural (plant = tool)
• Dendrology is a branch of botany that specializes in the
characterization and identi
fi
cation of woody plants, while
Botany is the study of all types of general plants.

1.Functional and spatial characteristics, including ecological functions
2.Visual and other aesthetic characteristics
3.Plant cultural requirements, growth habits, and role in the plant assemblage

Plantation
Plantation
Trees
Anual Perennials
Biennials
Shrubs
Lawn and
Grasses

Plantation
Trees
Anual
Deciduous
Trees
Ever green
Deciduous

Plantation
Trees
Ever green
Trees
Ever green
Deciduous

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Characteristic of the urban a
ff
orestation
Demand of the plant
O2
H2O
Light Nutrients
CO2
Temperature
Foliage: photosynthesize, sugar transport synthesize, perception
Roots: support, absorption, perception

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Hardiness to metropolises
complex!
heat island, mesoclimate – warm ,winters!
special microclimate – heat effects, frost points
aridity ((+) precip., but (-) reach the roots) – drought-tolerants BUT:
compacted soil (airless) – waterside trees
+ salting, air pollution, living space (amputations), damage (trunk)
Mesoclimate. Mesoclimate is described as the climate of a site as
in
fl
uenced by elevation, aspect, slope or distances from large
bodies of water.

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Criteria for choosing species and cultivars
1. Properties of planted area:
• Location, exposure
• Climate: particularly the effects of frost or heatwave
• Soil: acidity or alkalinity, groundwater
• Size of planted area in view of the size of root system and and the
crown
• Degree to which area is built up: buildings, sidewalks, overhead
wires and subsurface wires
• Pollution
• Pavements

Plantation
Anual
Trees
2. Features of planned plants:
• Height and width of the crown
• Stability (storm injury, wind tunnel)
• Drought or rather tolerance of high groundwater
• Resistance against pests and diseases

Plantation
1.https://www.archdaily.com/921226/ogmios-city-public-space-do-architects?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user
1 2
2.Poyma Embankment Park / Basis architectural bureau Russia

Plantation
Anual
Trees
2. Features of planned plants:

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Criteria for choosing species and cultivators

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Criteria for choosing species and cultivators
Aesthetics is not a matter of ornamentation but of
creating experiences and spaces for social
routines and spatial anchored activities.” (Braae,
2015, p. 122)

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Requirements for suitable trees:
• Stress tolerance
• Ornamental value
• Central leader, trunk remains straight up through the crown, optimal crown,
• Sturdy branch system Additional requirements:
• Little or no fruits if possible
• resistance to air contamination
• Thermo radiation
• Drought resistance
• Less sensitivity to high concentration of salt and metal
• Capability of long leafy period, late defoliation
So there are no such species, cultivars to serve entirely these requirements
The principal feature should be decided by the user’s group

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Tree Lines

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Tree ally
Avenue of Linden Trees, Tree Lined Footpath through Park in Spring Sunlit Tree lined pathway with shadows

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Tree ally and Tree line
Most important ones:
Ailanthus altissima (Tree of Heaven)
Celtis occidentalis (Common Hackberry)
Ginkgo biloba (Maidenhair Tree)
Gleditsia triacanthos (Honey Locust)
Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust)
Sophora japonica (Pagoda Tree)
Ginkgo biloba (Maidenhair Tree)

Plantation
Anual
Trees
Specimen Tree

Plantation
=
Shrubs as hedges
A hedge or hedgerow is a line of closely spaced shrubs and sometimes trees, planted and trained to form a barrier
or to mark the boundary of an area
2
1
1.Boxwood, a low maintenance hedge
2.Maria Gungl

Plantation
=
Shrubs as hedges
•Spaces regular border with plants,
•Emphasize the built character of the garden or urban domain,
•iIt can be necessary because of lack of space,
•De
fi
ne a space,
•Shield you from the wind,
•Screen out ugliness or create privacy
•Clipped/trimmed – small leaved, well regenerating plants,
•Cutting or un cutting hedges
•High – from eye level
•At middle height – about 1–1,5 m
•Low (marking) – under 1 m

Plant material in architecture design
Creating Spaces with Plants

Ground Level

Knee- to Eye-level Planting (Medium-height Planting)

Planting Above Eye Level (Tall Shrub Planting)

Tree Planting

Plantation
Signi
fi
cant of using plant materials
Plant material ful
fi
ll a number of roles in the landscape
other than decoration and ornamentation.
•Create space or outdoor rooms and spaces
1.Basic-Elements-of-Landscape-Architectural-Design-Norman-K-Booth

Plantation
Signi
fi
Plant material ful
fi
ll a number of roles in the landscape
other than decoration and ornamentation.
•Block unsightly views

Plantation
Signi
fi
Plant material ful
fi
ll a number of roles in the landscape other than decoration
and ornamentation.
•Stabilize steep slopes
1.https://www.archdaily.com/797567/szell-kalman-square-epitesz-studio-plus-leptek-terv/58057463e58ecec6b4000016-szell-kalman-square-epitesz-studio-plus-leptek-terv-photo?next_project=no

Plantation
Signi
fi
Plant material ful
fi
and ornamentation.
•Direct movement through the landscape

Plantation
Signi
fi
Plant material ful
fi
and ornamentation.
•Visually unify a group of buildings

Plantation
Signi
fi
Plant material ful
fi
and ornamentation.
•Visually unify a group of buildings and horizontal lines into site

Plantation
Signi
fi
Plant material ful
fi
and ornamentation.
•Modify exposure to sun ,wind and unfavourable views

Plantation
Signi
fi
Plant material ful
fi
and ornamentation.
•Plant material used as emphasizer

Plantation
Signi
fi
The Experience of Space
The Elements of Spatial Composition
In The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscape (1988), Higuchi analyzed landscape space in terms
of four aspects:
1. Boundaries
2.Focus–center–goal
3.Directionality
4.Domain

Plantation
Signi
fi
Enclosure and degree of enclosure

Plantation
Signi
fi
Dynamics

Plantation
Signi
fi
Transitions
The transition between two spaces will also vary
according to what Francis Ching calls the
‘relationship’ between the two spaces. He
identi
fi
es four conditions:
1.a space within a space,
2.interlocking spaces,
3.adjacent (abutting) spaces, and
4.spaces linked by a common space.

Plantation
• Learn about the demands and limitations
• Gather information about the site
• Place functions and create basic spatial structure
• Fill in the structure with details and select plants
•
1

Plantation
Learning about the site
•Ask the owner ,client or users
•Observe (Aspect ,Soil,Nearby Plants )
•Maps ,Literature ,Data (provided by owner or Internet )
•
1

Plantation
Filing in details
1

Plantation
Things To Consider With Planting Combination
•Demands of plants (Soil ,Sun ,Water ,Etc )
•Flowering times and life cycles
•Time of ornamental value
•Spreading Speed and growth habit
•Sizes colures and textures-Contrast and harmony
•Maintenance
•Price and budget
1
1.http://www.gp-b.com/selected-work

Plantation
Things To Consider With Planting Combination Colors and texture
1
1.http://www.gp-b.com/selected-work

Plantation
Details
Numbers of plants:
•Trees: Assigned individually
•Shrubs, perennials, Annuals: Assigned individually
OR
By pieces/m2
•Lawn and other seeds: kg/m2

Plantation
Aspect of plant selection
•Seasonality
•Size
•Longevity
•Growth rate and spread
•Requirements and nativeness
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides Allium giganteum

Plantation
•Seasonality
•Size
•Longevity
•Growth rate and spread
•Requirements and nativeness
Lysimachia punctata

Plantation
Aegopodium podagraria ‚Variegata’
Pachysandra terminalis

Visual Properties of Plants
Planting that is primarily structural will nonetheless endow the landscape with the
detailed visual qualities of color, texture, pattern, etc. Foliage, bark,
fl
owers,
fruit and winter seed heads all contribute to the detail and character of spaces,
even though they are secondary to its basic spatial framework.

Visual Properties of Plants.
1.Form
Prostrate, Mat, and Carpeting Forms :
Prostrate means lying
fl
at.
Ceanothus prostratus
Trachelospermum How To Grow Ground Covers - Bunnings Australia

Visual Properties of Plants.
1.Form
Arc Forms
Arundinaria nitida Cotoneaster salicifolia

Texture
Plant texture can be de
fi
ned as any plant part's visual roughness or smoothness. It is akin to the
texture of a painting, the grain of a photograph, or the consistency of materials such as fabric,
stone, brick, or wood. Texture is a function of the scale of differentiation and division within a
material. It may be the result of a pattern of lines, but if so, it is determined only by the scale of the
pattern and not by the direction of the lines. A plant is commonly referred to as having a
Coarse, Fine, or Medium texture.

Texture
Fine, Coarse, or Medium texture.

Texture
Fine texture
Rheum alexandrae
Taxus baccata Sophora microphylla

Texture
Fine texture
pennisetum

Texture
Coarse texture
Myosotidium hortensia Fatsia japonica Rhododendron sinogrande

Color
Colour, of course, does not always mean intense color: Subtle colors and how to use them are
equally important as are the colours of foliage and stems and of the plant at all times of the year.
Colour theory began in a systematic way with Goethe’s Theory of Colours (1840). Certain scienti
fi
c
principles are generally accepted although some aspects of the perception of colour remain
enigmatic. We will not attempt a full explanation of colour theory but con
fi
ne ourselves to principles
of most practical use to the planting designer.

Color
Hue, Saturation, Colour Perception
The actual color observed, that is, the characteristics of the light re
fl
ected from an object, depends
on the light source and, if this is the sun, on the weather.

Plantation Drawing and scale
https://frassinago.com/en/projects

https://frassinago.com/en/projects

Plantation
=
Drawing and scale

https://europeanschoolofarchitecture.com/architectural-course-in-project-presentation-usd/

Plantation
=
https://www.gardenia.net/plant/acer-circinatum
https://www.rightplants4me.co.uk/search

L1_Plantation-compressed.pdf we will have a good time

L1_Plantation-compressed.pdf we will have a good time

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