PURPOSE OF THIS COURSE extend knowledge of research and research processes. provides an opportunity to examine data collection and data analyses Appreciate the applicability of research to healthcare professionals

1. EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE IN
HEALTH PROFESSION
(INTRO & PRINCIPLES)
DR. ANAS A. JAMHARI
FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
DBP40302 EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE IN HEALTH PROFESSION

2. PURPOSE OF THIS COURSE
✓ extend knowledge of research and research
processes.
✓ provides an opportunity to examine data
collection and data analyses
✓ Appreciate the applicability of research to
healthcare professionals

3. It covers principles of:
➢ evidence-based practice
➢ health research methods
➢ finding the evidence
➢ evaluating the evidence about the effectiveness of
interventions
➢ systematic reviews & meta-analysis
➢ and implementing evidence into practice.

4. THEREFORE…
 Students should know to evaluate and
compare research findings to identify best
practices.

5. COURSE STRUCTURE
❑ Lecture & tutorial
❑ Test 1 (Short Essay);
❑ Test 2 (Short Essay);
❑ Final Exam (MCQ);
❑ Final Exam (Structured
Essay);
❑ASSIGNMENT:
Article Review

6. Evidence based practice (EBP)
 Example?
 Sharing from influencers (eg. Spacedollah, AJAR,
MTS, Ahmad Faezal, Dr1 share, Ayman Rashdan
Wong,

7. Have you ever....
▪ ....wondered if there is a better way of
assessing or treating a patient?
▪ ....had a conversation with a colleague about a
technique and wanted to know if it would work?
▪ ....heard a news story and questioned if the
information would apply to your practice?
▪ ....been asked a question about a treatment or
condition you have not heard of before?
Evidence-based Practice helps you answer these
questions and more.

8. Evidence based practice (EBP)
 EBP is the combination of
the best available evidence
from research, the patient’s
preferences/circumstances,
the clinical environment
and the practitioner’s
expertise.

10. Evidence-based practice (EBP)
EBP has been identified as a standard in healthcare and the
principles and practice of EBP are increasingly accepted by
various professional bodies.
It is the integration of the best research evidence with
clinical knowledge and expertise and patient values.
Radiographers are therefore aware of the need to change
attitudes and develop skills necessary for the integration of
EBP into clinical practice.

11. Benefits:
1. Improved patient care and outcomes.
2. Enhanced decision-making.
3. Increased efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

12. “Radiographers most certainly
generate and subsequently use
evidence in day to day service
delivery, but most
radiographers are not routinely
using EBP” Hafslund et al. (2007)
Thus radiographers must increase participation
in research and developing practice within their
specific radiographic domain.
Evidence-based practice (EBP)

13. Example :
-the relative benefit of US vs MRI vs CT for
structural information
-MRI and CT scan may be superior for
anatomical identification but US may give
more info on flow velocity
It is a medical decision making based on the
clinical integration of the best medical imaging
research evidence with the physician’s
expertise and with patient’s expectations
Evidence-based practice (EBP)

14. Medical Imaging
• Imaging modalities that are developed to aid
in diagnosis of diseases
✓ -Conventional X-rays
✓ -Ultrasound
✓ -MRI
✓ -CT
✓ -RNI
✓ -PET/CT

15. Major components of modern
diagnostic imaging
Image acquisition on patients
Image processing
Image display
Image interpretation by physicians

16. SIX (6) Imaging Goals
▪ -Screening
▪ -Detecting anatomical abnormalities
▪ -Characterised lesions
▪ -Defining the anatomical extent of
lesions
▪ -Assessing the response to treatment
▪ -Excluding disease

17. The 5 step process of EBP
ASK
formulating answerable
questions based on a
specific patient problem
ACQUIRE
searching for the
best evidence from
credible sources
APPRAISE
critically assess the evidence
(quality and relevance)
APPLY
Integrate evidence with clinical
expertise and patient
preferences
ASSESS
Continuously monitor
outcomes and adjust
practice as needed

18. A. Formulating the clinical questions
(ASK)
• Must be specific to a
– -clinical situation
– -Patient group
– -Outcome
• Question must be refined to include
particular patient population and the
action that the imaging will be used to
direct

19. • Example:
– Which imaging technique is
better in adult victims of high
energy blunt trauma to exclude
the presence of unstable
cervical spine fracture?

20. B. Identification of medical literature
(ACQUIRE)
• -Online-journals
(updated)
• -Books
• -Magazines
• -Libraries
• -experience

21. C. Assessing the literature (APPRAISE)
• -Must critically evaluate the strength of
evidence
– -What are types of clinical studies?
– -What is the diagnostic performance of a test?
– -What are the cost-effectiveness of the study?

22. E. Applying the evidence (APPLY)
• -Integrate evidence with clinical expertise
and patient preferences
• -Apply the summary results of the literatures
to the EBI questions
• -Must take into account several types of
efficacy

23. E. Summarizing the data (ACCESS)
• -Continuously monitor outcomes and adjust practice
as needed
• -To produce a summary of all the data on the
particular clinically relevant questions.
• -Can be qualitative analysis, or quantitative
analysis or both
• Qualitative analysis:
– Understanding of error, bias of the research design that can
affect the reliability of the study results

24. • Quantitative analysis:
– -A descriptive summary of the data
– -Meta-analysis (method of combining
results of multiple studies in a statistically
valid manner to determine a summary
measure of accuracy.

25. THANKS!