The Right to Education Act 2009 guarantees the fundamental right of free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 6-14. It mandates that the appropriate government and local authorities must provide admission, attendance and completion of elementary education. Some key provisions include prohibiting fees, screening, corporal punishment and private tuition by teachers. It also lays out norms for pupil-teacher ratios, infrastructure standards and curriculum guidelines. While the Act aims to ensure quality education for all, challenges remain in its implementation including shortage of trained teachers, inadequate infrastructure and lack of awareness among communities. Continued coordinated efforts are needed between central, state and local governments to fully realize the goals of the Act.
The Indian Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine.
The Right to Education Act (RTE Article 21A) is a landmark legislation in India that was enacted in 2009, making education a fundamental right for all children between the ages of 6 and 14 years. This act is based on the idea that education is a fundamental human right and that every child, regardless of their socio-economic background, has the right to quality education
The Indian Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine.
The Right to Education Act (RTE Article 21A) is a landmark legislation in India that was enacted in 2009, making education a fundamental right for all children between the ages of 6 and 14 years. This act is based on the idea that education is a fundamental human right and that every child, regardless of their socio-economic background, has the right to quality education
Right to education: Issues and Challenges. Arvind Waghela
Right to Education: Issues and Challenges.
Issues faced by right to education Act, 2010 and What are the challenges which is currently faced by RTE ACT in its implementation.
Dr. AMI RATHOD
Assistant Professor,
Lokmanya Tialk Teachers Training College (CTE),Dabok
Janardan Rai Nagar Rajasthan Vidyapeeth (Deemed To Be) University
UDAIPUR (RAJ.)
313022
Mob-9829302820
Right to Education
The Constitutional Amendment of 2002 that included the Article 21A in the Indian constitution making Edu- cation a fundamental Right. A rough draft of the bill was composed in year 2005.
The Right of Children Free and Compulsory Education Act was pro- posed on 4th August, 2009. It came into effect on 1st April, 2010, except in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
On 7 May 2014, the Supreme Court of India ruled that Right to Education Act is not applicable to Minority institutions.
Main Provisions
It lays emphasis on the development of both scholastic and coscholastic areas.
It is obligatory for the Government to provide free and compulsory elementary education, up to Class 8th, to each and every child in India in a neighbourhood school within 1 km.
RTE Act lays down norms and standards relating to relating to PupilTeacher Ratios (number of children per teacher), classrooms, separate toilets for girls and boys, drinking water facility, number of school-working days, working hours of teachers, etc. Each and every elementary school (Primary School + Middle School) in India has to comply with these minimum standards set by the RTE Act.
RTE Act mandates that an out of school child is admitted to an age appropriate class and provided with special training to enable the child to come up to age appropriate learning level.
RTE Act prohibits physical punishment and mental harassment; discrimination based on gender, caste, class and religion; screening procedures for admission of children; capitation fee; private tuition by teachers and running of schools without recognition.
RTE Act provides for development of curriculum, which would ensure the all-round development of every child by building child's knowledge, human potential and talent.
The Act has mandated the Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) method to ensure grade ap- propriate learning outcomes.
RTE Act is justiciable and is backed by a Grievance Redressal (GR) mechanism that gives opportunity to people to take action against non-compliance of various provisions of the Act.
RTE Act mandates all the private schools to reserve 25 per cent of the seats for children belonging to socially disadvantaged and economically weaker sections. This provision of the Act is aimed.at furthering social inclusion for a better India.
in 2009, which guarantees free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 6 and 14 years. The RTE Act also specifies that children from disadvantaged and marginalized communities must be given special care and attention to ensure that they are not left behind.
The implementation of the RTE Act has faced several challenges, particularly in terms of ensuring access to education for all children, particularly those from marginalized and disadvantaged communities. Despite efforts to improve access to education, many children in India are still out of school, particularly in rural areas and among lower-caste and tribal communities.
The quality
Module: 3 Understanding Right to Education(Credit: 1, hours: 15, Marks: 25)
Objectives: After learning this module the student teacher will be able to-
- explain the nature of RTE.
- elaborate the objectives and features of RTE.
- elaborate the provisions of RTE.
- create teaching and evaluation strategies for RTE
- explain duties and responsibilities of school and teachers
- evaluate the role of stakeholder, parents, media and government organization in
implementation of RTE.
Content:
1. Nature, need and importance of RTE in India.(2)
2. History of RTE: Directive principles of state policy, laws and commission regarding
Indian education, UNO declaration about child‘s Rights, RTE ACT 2009.(3)
3. Objectives and Features of RTE Act2009.(2)
4. Provisions of RTE Act 2009(3)
5. Teaching learning and evaluation strategies in RTE (2)
6. Duties and responsibilities of school and teachers(2)
7. Role of stakeholder, parents, media (1)
Module no. 3 of optional paper Human Rights Education of S.Y.B.Ed. SNDT University.
Right to education: Issues and Challenges. Arvind Waghela
Right to Education: Issues and Challenges.
Issues faced by right to education Act, 2010 and What are the challenges which is currently faced by RTE ACT in its implementation.
Dr. AMI RATHOD
Assistant Professor,
Lokmanya Tialk Teachers Training College (CTE),Dabok
Janardan Rai Nagar Rajasthan Vidyapeeth (Deemed To Be) University
UDAIPUR (RAJ.)
313022
Mob-9829302820
Right to Education
The Constitutional Amendment of 2002 that included the Article 21A in the Indian constitution making Edu- cation a fundamental Right. A rough draft of the bill was composed in year 2005.
The Right of Children Free and Compulsory Education Act was pro- posed on 4th August, 2009. It came into effect on 1st April, 2010, except in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
On 7 May 2014, the Supreme Court of India ruled that Right to Education Act is not applicable to Minority institutions.
Main Provisions
It lays emphasis on the development of both scholastic and coscholastic areas.
It is obligatory for the Government to provide free and compulsory elementary education, up to Class 8th, to each and every child in India in a neighbourhood school within 1 km.
RTE Act lays down norms and standards relating to relating to PupilTeacher Ratios (number of children per teacher), classrooms, separate toilets for girls and boys, drinking water facility, number of school-working days, working hours of teachers, etc. Each and every elementary school (Primary School + Middle School) in India has to comply with these minimum standards set by the RTE Act.
RTE Act mandates that an out of school child is admitted to an age appropriate class and provided with special training to enable the child to come up to age appropriate learning level.
RTE Act prohibits physical punishment and mental harassment; discrimination based on gender, caste, class and religion; screening procedures for admission of children; capitation fee; private tuition by teachers and running of schools without recognition.
RTE Act provides for development of curriculum, which would ensure the all-round development of every child by building child's knowledge, human potential and talent.
The Act has mandated the Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) method to ensure grade ap- propriate learning outcomes.
RTE Act is justiciable and is backed by a Grievance Redressal (GR) mechanism that gives opportunity to people to take action against non-compliance of various provisions of the Act.
RTE Act mandates all the private schools to reserve 25 per cent of the seats for children belonging to socially disadvantaged and economically weaker sections. This provision of the Act is aimed.at furthering social inclusion for a better India.
in 2009, which guarantees free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 6 and 14 years. The RTE Act also specifies that children from disadvantaged and marginalized communities must be given special care and attention to ensure that they are not left behind.
The implementation of the RTE Act has faced several challenges, particularly in terms of ensuring access to education for all children, particularly those from marginalized and disadvantaged communities. Despite efforts to improve access to education, many children in India are still out of school, particularly in rural areas and among lower-caste and tribal communities.
The quality
Module: 3 Understanding Right to Education(Credit: 1, hours: 15, Marks: 25)
Objectives: After learning this module the student teacher will be able to-
- explain the nature of RTE.
- elaborate the objectives and features of RTE.
- elaborate the provisions of RTE.
- create teaching and evaluation strategies for RTE
- explain duties and responsibilities of school and teachers
- evaluate the role of stakeholder, parents, media and government organization in
implementation of RTE.
Content:
1. Nature, need and importance of RTE in India.(2)
2. History of RTE: Directive principles of state policy, laws and commission regarding
Indian education, UNO declaration about child‘s Rights, RTE ACT 2009.(3)
3. Objectives and Features of RTE Act2009.(2)
4. Provisions of RTE Act 2009(3)
5. Teaching learning and evaluation strategies in RTE (2)
6. Duties and responsibilities of school and teachers(2)
7. Role of stakeholder, parents, media (1)
Module no. 3 of optional paper Human Rights Education of S.Y.B.Ed. SNDT University.
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Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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2. Background
• The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002
inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide
free and compulsory education of all children in the age group
of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right
• The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education
(RTE) Act, 2009, which represents the consequential
legislation envisaged under Article 21-A, means that every
child has a right to full time elementary education of
satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which
satisfies certain essential norms and standards.
3. Details
• Article 21-A and the RTE Act came into effect on 1 April
2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words ‘free
and compulsory.
• ‘Free education’ means child doesnot require to pay any fee
for his or her education.
• ‘Compulsory education’ casts an obligation on the appropriate
Government and local authorities to provide and ensure
admission, attendance and completion of elementary education
by all children in the 6-14 age group.
4. Main Provisions of RTE Act 2009
• Apart from the clause on Free and Compulsory Education, it
specifies the duties and responsibilities of appropriate
Governments, local authority and parents in providing free and
compulsory education, and sharing of financial and other
responsibilities between the Central and State Governments.
• It lays down the norms and standards relating inter alia to
Pupil Teacher Ratios (PTRs), buildings and infrastructure,
school-working days, teacher-working hours.
5. Main Provisions Contd.
• It provides for rational deployment of teachers by ensuring that
the specified pupil teacher ratio is maintained for each school,
rather than just as an average for the State or District or Block,
thus ensuring that there is no urban-rural imbalance in teacher
postings.
• It also provides for prohibition of deployment of teachers for
non-educational work, other than decennial census, elections
to local authority, state legislatures and parliament, and
disaster relief.
6. Main Provisions Contd.
• The Act provides for appointment of appropriately trained
teachers, i.e. teachers with the requisite entry and academic
qualifications.
• It prohibits
(a) physical punishment and mental harassment;
(b) screening procedures for admission of children;
(c) capitation fee;
(d) private tuition by teachers and
(e) running of schools without recognition,
7. Main Provisions Contd.
• The RTE Act provides for development of curriculum in
consonance with the values enshrined in the Constitution, and
which would ensure the all-round development of the child,
building on the child’s knowledge, potentiality and talent and
making the child free of fear, trauma and anxiety through a
system of child friendly and child centred learning.
8. Challenges in Implementation
• The states are expected to respond to the situation arising out
of the implementation of theAct.
• States and UTs are required to pay special attention to cope
with the situation in terms of appointment of qualified
teachers, development of special training programmes for out-
of-school children admitted to age appropriate classes and
preparation of relevant teaching learning materials for them.
9. Challenges in Implementation Contd.
• Similarly, there is an urgent need of taking appropriate steps
for inclusive education of children with disabilities by
providing teaching-learning materials, aids and appliances in
accordance with nature and needs of each disability, suitable
infrastructural modifications, training of regular teachers and
school-based appointment of special teacher.
• There is also a need for organising programmes for community
awareness and attitude change in order to make school for all
children. Home-based education has to be given to children
suffering from multi-disabilities, severe and profound
disability conditions.
10. Challenges in Implementation Contd.
• Shortage of teachers, alarming pupil-teacher ratio, other
official duties assigned to teachers, busyness in training
programmes, duties in block level office, making Aadhar cards
and voter ID Cards etc, no training of regular teachers in
education of children with disabilities and non-availability of
special teacher support on daily basis are challenges in the
implementation of RTE
11. Present Status
Even after Seven years of passing the Bill, an internal Delhi
Govt. report says
• Poor presence of students
• Ignorance among teachers and guardians about the provisions
of theAct
• Poor condition of training regarding RTE
• Acute shortage of teachers
• Malaise of absence of teachers from the schools
• No atmosphere of quality teaching and meaningful teaching-
learning process
12. Way Forward
• RTE Act is a landmark Act that promises free and
compulsory Education to Child below 14 years of
age.
• The Central, State and the local Govt have to work in
unison to achieve the desired end state.
• The Govt at the apex level is aware of the challenges
and many effective steps have been taken to realise
the dreams.